KNZ Bird Species List (A Standardized Set of Four Letter (AOU) Codes for Bird Names Are Used, Which Except Zimmerman's Code Were Used from 1981 to 2000)
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Earliest Interior Occurrence of Eurasian Wigeon (Anas Penelope) in British Columbia
Wildlife Afield 10(1):38-39, 2013 © Biodiversity Centre for Wildlife Studies Earliest Interior Occurrence of Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope) in British Columbia R. Wayne Campbell1 and Glenn R. Ryder2 12511 Kilgary Place, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8N 1J6 22302 ‒ 2888 273rd Street, Aldergrove, British Columbia, Canada V4W 3M6 From the late 19th century through the mid-20th through 9 January 1946 (Munro and Cowan 1947). century, Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope; Figure The species was reported during this period between 9 1) was considered an “Occasional visitant to coast January and 30 March (10 records) and on 30 October waters” (Brooks and Swarth 1925:32), becoming and 5 December. Ten of the records (75%) occurred a “Regular winter visitant to the coast” of British in January and February (Munro and Cowan 1947), Columbia (Munro and Cowan 1947:63). The latter the height of the winter season. Surprisingly, most status was based on 12 records of males collected occurrences were from southeastern Vancouver Island or sighted during the 48-year period from the first (75%) and not the adjacent southwest mainland coast provincial record in February 1898 (Kermode 1904) where huge flocks of American Wigeon (A. americana) Figure 1. Almost all records of Eurasian Wigeon in British Columbia are of males, as the females of this and the congeneric American Wigeon are difficult to separate in the field. One of the earliest provincial records was from Esquimalt Lagoon on 25 February 1934 where this male was photographed there 71 years later on 19 February 2005. Photo by Mark Nyhof 10:1 June 2013 38 overwinter (Campbell et al. -
Complete Species Table in Species Number Order
Page 1 of 19 Complete Species Table in Species Number order Go to species 100 .0, 200 .0, 300 .0, 400 .0, 500 .0, 600 .0, 700 .0, 800 .0, 900 .0 SPECIES COMMON NAME ALPHA CODE BAND SIZE 001 .0 Western Grebe WEGR 7A 7B 001 .1 Clark's Grebe CLGR 7A 7B 002 .0 Red-necked Grebe RNGR 7A 003 .0 Horned Grebe HOGR 6 5 004 .0 Eared Grebe EAGR 5 005 .0 Least Grebe LEGR 4 006 .0 Pied-billed Grebe PBGR 5 6 007 .0 Common Loon COLO 8 008 .0 Yellow-billed Loon YBLO 9 009 .0 Arctic Loon ARLO 7B 010 .0 Pacific Loon PALO 7B 011 .0 Red-throated Loon RTLO 7B 012 .0 Tufted Puffin TUPU 6 5 013 .0 Atlantic Puffin ATPU 5 014 .0 Horned Puffin HOPU 5 015 .0 Rhinoceros Auklet RHAU 5 6 016 .0 Cassin's Auklet CAAU 3B-3A 017 .0 Parakeet Auklet PAAU 4 018 .0 Crested Auklet CRAU 4 019 .0 Whiskered Auklet WHAU 3 020 .0 Least Auklet LEAU 2 3 021 .0 Ancient Murrelet ANMU 3B 3 023 .0 Marbled Murrelet MAMU 3B 3 023 .1 Long-billed Murrelet LBMU 3B 3 024 .0 Kittlitz's Murrelet KIMU 3B 025 .0 Xantus's Murrelet XAMU 2 026 .0 Craveri's Murrelet CRMU 2 027 .0 Black Guillemot BLGU 4 029 .0 Pigeon Guillemot PIGU 4A 030 .0 Common Murre COMU 6M 031 .0 Thick-billed Murre TBMU 6M 5R 032 .0 Razorbill RAZO 5R 034 .0 Dovekie DOVE 3 035 .0 Great. -
Breeding of the Leach's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma Leucorhoa at Santa Catalina Island, California
Carter et al.: Leach’s Storm-Petrel at Santa Catalina Island 83 BREEDING OF THE LEACH’S STORM-PETREL OCEANODROMA LEUCORHOA AT SANTA CATALINA ISLAND, CALIFORNIA HARRY R. CARTER1,3,4, TYLER M. DVORAK2 & DARRELL L. WHITWORTH1,3 1California Institute of Environmental Studies, 3408 Whaler Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA 2Catalina Island Conservancy, 125 Clarissa Avenue, Avalon, CA 90704, USA 3Humboldt State University, Department of Wildlife, 1 Harpst Street, Arcata, CA 95521, USA 4Current address: Carter Biological Consulting, 1015 Hampshire Road, Victoria, BC V8S 4S8, Canada ([email protected]) Received 4 November 2015, accepted 5 January 2016 Among the California Channel Islands (CCI) off southern California, Guadalupe Island, off central-west Baja California (Ainley 1980, the Ashy Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma homochroa (ASSP) is the Power & Ainley 1986, Ainley 2005, Pyle 2008, Howell et al. most numerous and widespread breeding storm-petrel; it is known 2009). Alternatively, these egg specimens may have been from to breed at San Miguel, Santa Cruz, Anacapa, Santa Barbara, and dark-rumped LESP, which are known to breed at the Coronado San Clemente islands (Hunt et al. 1979, 1980; Sowls et al. 1980; and San Benito islands, Baja California (Ainley 1980, Power & Carter et al. 1992, 2008; Harvey et al. 2016; Fig. 1B; Appendix 1, Ainley 1986). available on the website). Low numbers of Black Storm-Petrels O. melania (BLSP) also breed at Santa Barbara Island (Pitman Within this context, we asked the following questions: (1) Were the & Speich 1976; Hunt et al. 1979, 1980; Carter et al. 1992; 1903 egg records the first breeding records of LESP at Catalina and Appendix 1). -
Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard Papers in the Biological Sciences 2010 Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World: Tribe Aythyini (Pochards) Paul A. Johnsgard University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biosciducksgeeseswans Part of the Ornithology Commons Johnsgard, Paul A., "Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World: Tribe Aythyini (Pochards)" (2010). Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard. 13. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biosciducksgeeseswans/13 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Tribe Aythyini (Pochards) Drawing on preceding page: Canvasback (Schonwetter, 1960) to 1,360 g (Ali & Ripley, Pink-headed Duck 1968). Eggs: 44 x 41 mm, white, 45 g. Rhodonessa caryophyllacea (Latham) 1790 Identification and field marks. Length 24" (60 em). Other vernacular names. None in general English Adult males have a bright pink head, which is use. Rosenkopfente (German); canard a tete rose slightly tufted behind, the color extending down the (French); pato de cabeza rosada (Spanish). hind neck, while the foreneck, breast, underparts, and upperparts are brownish black, except for some Subspecies and range. No subspecies recognized. Ex pale pinkish markings on the mantle, scapulars, and tinct; previously resident in northern India, prob breast. -
Possible Relationship Between Vocal Communication System and Fat Reserve in Wintering Birds: a Test of the Optimal Body Mass Theory
POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VOCAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND FAT RESERVE IN WINTERING BIRDS: A TEST OF THE OPTIMAL BODY MASS THEORY A Thesis by Gamage Dilini Nuwanthika Perera Bachelor of Science, University of Peradeniya, 2014 Submitted to the Department of Biological Sciences and the faculty of the Graduate School of Wichita State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science December 2017 ©Copyright 2017 by Gamage Dilini Nuwanthika Perera All Rights Reserved POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VOCAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND FAT RESERVE IN WINTERING BIRDS: A TEST OF THE OPTIMAL BODY MASS THEORY The following faculty members have examined the final copy of this thesis for form and content, and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science with a major in Biological Sciences. F. Leland Russell, Committee Chair Mark A. Schneegurt, Committee Member Kandatege Wimalasena, Committee Member iii DEDICATION To my parents, family and friends who always encouraged and supported me, and made me the person I am today. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisers, Christopher M. Rogers and F. Leland Russell for their many months of thoughtful, patient guidance and support along the journey of my graduate career. I would also like to thank Wichita State University, for the use of their facilities and resources. WSU has provided a great opportunity for me to proceed along the journey that is graduate school. I thank especially F. Leland Russell for taking responsibility for me after Christopher Rogers was on medical leave. Finally thanks to my family, friends and colleagues for their support and encouragement throughout my career. -
Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with Birds Observed Off-Campus During BIOL3400 Field Course
Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with birds observed off-campus during BIOL3400 Field course Photo Credit: Talton Cooper Species Descriptions and Photos by students of BIOL3400 Edited by Troy A. Ladine Photo Credit: Kenneth Anding Links to Tables, Figures, and Species accounts for birds observed during May-term course or winter bird counts. Figure 1. Location of Environmental Studies Area Table. 1. Number of species and number of days observing birds during the field course from 2005 to 2016 and annual statistics. Table 2. Compilation of species observed during May 2005 - 2016 on campus and off-campus. Table 3. Number of days, by year, species have been observed on the campus of ETBU. Table 4. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during the off-campus trips. Table 5. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during a winter count of birds on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Table 6. Species observed from 1 September to 1 October 2009 on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Alphabetical Listing of Birds with authors of accounts and photographers . A Acadian Flycatcher B Anhinga B Belted Kingfisher Alder Flycatcher Bald Eagle Travis W. Sammons American Bittern Shane Kelehan Bewick's Wren Lynlea Hansen Rusty Collier Black Phoebe American Coot Leslie Fletcher Black-throated Blue Warbler Jordan Bartlett Jovana Nieto Jacob Stone American Crow Baltimore Oriole Black Vulture Zane Gruznina Pete Fitzsimmons Jeremy Alexander Darius Roberts George Plumlee Blair Brown Rachel Hastie Janae Wineland Brent Lewis American Goldfinch Barn Swallow Keely Schlabs Kathleen Santanello Katy Gifford Black-and-white Warbler Matthew Armendarez Jordan Brewer Sheridan A. -
Why So Many Kinds of Passerine Birds?
Letters • Why so many kinds of passerine birds? Raikow and Bledsoe (2000), in em- Slud 1976). It is unreasonable to assume the list of possible reasons for passerine bracing the null model of Slowinski that there is no underlying biological rea- success, but I would place more empha- and Guyer (1989a, 1989b), may perhaps son for this pattern and for the major sis on it than he did. be said literally to have added nothing turnover in avifaunas in the Northern It is difficult to discuss the nest-bufld- to the Kst of suggestions for why there are Hemisphere in favor of passerines after ing capabilities of passerines without re- so many species of passerine birds. When the Oligocène. sorting to anthropomorphisms such as Raikow (1986) addressed this problem Reproductive adaptations presumably "clever" or "ingenious." Is it not mar- previously and could find no key mor- made the holometabolous insects velous, however, that a highly special- phological adaptations to explain the di- (Coleóptera, Díptera, Hymenoptera, ized aerial feeder such as a cliff swallow versity of Passeriformes, the so-called Lepidoptera, and so on) the dominant (Hirundo pyrrhonota), with tiny, weak songbirds or perching birds, he despaired clade of organisms on earth. Likewise, it bill and feet, can fashion a complex nest and suggested that the problem may be appears that reproductive adaptations, out of gobs of mud fastened to a flat, only "an accident of classificatory his- not morphology, are responsible for the vertical surface? What adjective suffices tory," which brought on a storm of protest dominance of passerine birds over other to describe the nest of tailorbirds {Systematic Zoology 37: 68-76; 41: 242- orders of birds. -
Wood Duck (Aix Sponsa), EC 1606 (Oregon State University Extension
EC 1606 • April 2007 $1.00 Wood Duck Photo: Dave Menke, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Aix sponsa by Z. Turnbull and S. Sells he wood duck is so beautiful that its populations have increased, and today scientifi c name, Aix sponsa, means populations are at healthy levels. T “water bird in bridal dress.” Being Wood ducks are very popular for hunt- so beautiful (and tasty!), by the 1880s, ing. In fact, there are more wood ducks the once-abundant wood duck was disap- harvested each year in the United States pearing quickly due to hunting and habitat than any other game bird except mallards. loss. But not just hunters appreciate wood In the 1910s, wildlife managers acted ducks. Bird watchers and other people quickly to help save wood ducks. Laws who spend time outdoors love their were passed to protect migratory birds, beauty. hunting was controlled, and habitat was Common predators of wood ducks are protected. Wood duck nest boxes were raccoons, gray and red foxes, great horned created in the 1930s. Slowly, wood duck owls, some snakes, and minks. In a group of 10 newly hatched wood ducks, usu- ally only one or two survive past their fi rst 2 weeks. Predation is a main cause of such low survival rates. Dump nests occur when one or more females follow another to her nest and add their own eggs to the fi rst female’s eggs. When this occurs, there may be 50 or more eggs. They usually are abandoned, leading to a decline in successful hatch- ings in the area. -
Brown2009chap67.Pdf
Swifts, treeswifts, and hummingbirds (Apodiformes) Joseph W. Browna,* and David P. Mindella,b Hirundinidae, Order Passeriformes), and between the aDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology & University nectivorous hummingbirds and sunbirds (Family Nec- of Michigan Museum of Zoology, 1109 Geddes Road, University tariniidae, Order Passeriformes), the monophyletic sta- b of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, USA; Current address: tus of Apodiformes has been well supported in all of the California Academy of Sciences, 55 Concourse Drive Golden Gate major avian classiA cations since before Fürbringer (3). Park, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA *To whom correspondence should be addressed (josephwb@ A comprehensive historical review of taxonomic treat- umich.edu) ments is available (4). Recent morphological (5, 6), genetic (4, 7–12), and combined (13, 14) studies have supported the apodiform clade. Although a classiA cation based on Abstract large DNA–DNA hybridization distances (4) promoted hummingbirds and swiJ s to the rank of closely related Swifts, treeswifts, and hummingbirds constitute the Order orders (“Trochiliformes” and “Apodiformes,” respect- Apodiformes (~451 species) in the avian Superorder ively), the proposed revision does not inP uence evolu- Neoaves. The monophyletic status of this traditional avian tionary interpretations. order has been unequivocally established from genetic, One of the most robustly supported novel A ndings morphological, and combined analyses. The apodiform in recent systematic ornithology is a close relation- timetree shows that living apodiforms originated in the late ship between the nocturnal owlet-nightjars (Family Cretaceous, ~72 million years ago (Ma) with the divergence Aegothelidae, Order Caprimulgiformes) and the trad- of hummingbird and swift lineages, followed much later by itional Apodiformes. -
A Classification of the Rallidae
A CLASSIFICATION OF THE RALLIDAE STARRY L. OLSON HE family Rallidae, containing over 150 living or recently extinct species T and having one of the widest distributions of any family of terrestrial vertebrates, has, in proportion to its size and interest, received less study than perhaps any other major group of birds. The only two attempts at a classifi- cation of all of the recent rallid genera are those of Sharpe (1894) and Peters (1934). Although each of these lists has some merit, neither is satisfactory in reflecting relationships between the genera and both often separate closely related groups. In the past, no attempt has been made to identify the more primitive members of the Rallidae or to illuminate evolutionary trends in the family. Lists almost invariably begin with the genus Rdus which is actually one of the most specialized genera of the family and does not represent an ancestral or primitive stock. One of the difficulties of rallid taxonomy arises from the relative homo- geneity of the family, rails for the most part being rather generalized birds with few groups having morphological modifications that clearly define them. As a consequence, particularly well-marked genera have been elevated to subfamily rank on the basis of characters that in more diverse families would not be considered as significant. Another weakness of former classifications of the family arose from what Mayr (194933) referred to as the “instability of the morphology of rails.” This “instability of morphology,” while seeming to belie what I have just said about homogeneity, refers only to the characteristics associated with flightlessness-a condition that appears with great regularity in island rails and which has evolved many times. -
Review of the Status of Introduced Non-Native Waterbird Species in the Area of the African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement: 2007 Update
Secretariat provided by the Workshop 3 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Doc TC 8.25 21 February 2008 8th MEETING OF THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE 03 - 05 March 2008, Bonn, Germany ___________________________________________________________________________ Review of the Status of Introduced Non-Native Waterbird Species in the Area of the African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement: 2007 Update Authors A.N. Banks, L.J. Wright, I.M.D. Maclean, C. Hann & M.M. Rehfisch February 2008 Report of work carried out by the British Trust for Ornithology under contract to AEWA Secretariat © British Trust for Ornithology British Trust for Ornithology, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk IP24 2PU Registered Charity No. 216652 CONTENTS Page No. List of Tables...........................................................................................................................................5 List of Figures.........................................................................................................................................7 List of Appendices ..................................................................................................................................9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................................11 RECOMMENDATIONS .....................................................................................................................13 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................15 -
Eastern Bluebirds
ALABAMA A&M AND AUBURN UNIVERSITIES Eastern Bluebirds ANR-687 In the yard and around the garden, bluebirds con- he early American settlers called it the “blue sume grasshoppers, flying insects, beetles, and cater- robin” because of its rust-colored breast and blue T pillars. They also eat berries and fruits found near their back and tail. Today, we call it the Eastern bluebird. nests, especially during the winter when insects are Observing this beautiful bird can bring hours of enjoy- scarce. ment. It is easily attracted to homes and surrounding open areas when nesting boxes are correctly con- structed and properly placed. Youth organizations and Population Decline school classes can construct and maintain bluebird During the last 60 years, bluebird numbers have boxes for educational and money-making projects. decreased 90 percent in the eastern United States. There are four reasons for this decline: Life History • The widespread use of insecticides decreases The bluebird, like the robin, prefers open areas food supplies. such as roadsides, cutover woodlands, old orchards, • Severe winters increase winter mortality. parks, and yards in cities and towns. In these areas, • Changing agricultural practices create well- the bluebird tries to find a hollow tree (cavity tree) in trimmed orchards with no cavity trees for nest sites. which to build a loosely woven nest of grasses. • Exotic species competing for remaining nest sites These cavities are often hard to find because non- make nesting even more difficult. native species such as the house sparrow and starling also use cavities for nesting. These exotic species are very aggressive and often take cavities bluebirds could use.