Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta in Paperboard Box

Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta in paperboard box

Environmental Product Declaration

The first EPD CPC CODE APPROVAL DATE REvision registration number process certified 2371 - Uncooked pasta, 19/11/2013 - Validity 3 year 6 - 29/12/2015 S-P-00217 in the food not stuffed or otherwise industries prepared 1. Brand and product

the brand barilla Shape is the only feature differentiating these products, since they are all produced using as only ingredients water and semolina. The following The Brand Barilla, born in the 1877 from a small pasta products are excluded from this declaration since, aside from the use of shop in Parma, represents now one of the most known semolina and water, they are produced with other ingredients: egg pasta pasta’s brand around the world. in any shape; filled pasta (tortellini, etc.); special varieties of pasta with Barilla is a leading company in the Italian and international pasta market, ingredients different from durum wheat products, e.g. Piccolini with where it operates with the Barilla brand, as a symbol of Italian cuisine, and Veggies; gluten free pasta made with corn and rice; whole wheat semolina three major local brands (Misko in Greece, Filiz in Turkey and Yemina in pasta. Furthermore durum wheat dry pasta not packed in paperboard Mexico). Barilla is also active in the segment of pasta sauces, with over 35 boxes or sold with other label is excluded. different recipes to meet everyone’s taste worldwide. NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION Further information on www.barilla.com. The durum wheat semolina pasta concerned by this declaration is made only by durum semolina and water, with final moisture content below the plant and the process 12.5%, as prescribed by Italian legislation on pasta. From a nutritional point of view, its main characteristics are: Dry semolina pasta is made from durum wheat and water and is produced NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION (per 100 g) by extrusion or lamination and then a drying process. SHORT CUTS LONG CUTS The pasta production process does not require additives and preservatives: it is drying process that guarantees the conservation. Energy kcal 359 359 Every year, the Barilla Group produces about 1.000.000 tons of pasta in 5 Fats 2.0 2,0 countries (Italy, Greece, Turkey, United States and Mexico) and 8 plants: of which: saturates grams 0.4 0,4 environmental impacts are presented for each country except for Mexico. Carbohydrate 70.7 70,2 grams of which: sugars 3.5 3,5 THE PRODUCTS Fibre grams 3.0 3,0 Products included in the analysis are Classic semolina pasta cuts (spaghetti, Protein grams 13.0 13,5 penne, fusilli, etc.); Piccolini (miniatures of classic semolina cuts); Specialità (reginette, orecchiette, ruote, etc.). Salt grams 0.013 0,013

2 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 2. Barilla group Good for You, Good for the Planet

Barilla, originally established in 1877 as a bread and pasta shop in Parma, Italy, ranks as one of today’s top Italian food groups. Barilla leads in the The Barilla Group has defined onlu one mission and global pasta business, the pasta sauces business in continental Europe, way of doing business: “Good for You, Good for the Planet”, ensuring product quality, communities devel- the bakery products business in Italy and the crispbread business in Scan- opment, people and planet wellbeing. This is a busi- dinavia. ness philosophy based on the respect for every person Barilla owns 29 production sites (14 in Italy and 15 outside Italy) and ex- and resource from field to fork and the courage to un- ports to more than 100 countries. Every year, more than 1 800 000 tons of dertake open, transparent and caring collaborations in the communities in food products under the brands of Barilla, Mulino Bianco, Voiello, Pave- which Barilla is present. si, Academia Barilla, Wasa, Harrys (France), Misko (Greece), Filiz (Turkey), GOOD FOR YOU: offering good, safe, quality products that contribute to Yemina and Vesta (Mexico) are featured on dining tables all over the world. a nutritionally correct food model, in tune with the Mediterranean Model. Furthe information on www.barillagroup.com GOOD FOR THE PLANET: ensuring sustainable production processes and supply chains respecting people and planet rights. GOOD FOR THE COMMUNITY: promoting a continuous collaboration NORVEGIA SVEZIA with local areas to encourage the inclusion of diversities, access to food and the promotion of responsible choices through educational paths and information activities.

GERMANIA FRANCIA ITALIA GRECIA

MESSICO RUSSIA TURCHIA Stabilimenti produttivi USA

3 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 3. Environmental performance calculations

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Durum wheat Milling Packaging Pasta Distribution cooking Primariy packaging cultivation production production end of life

The environmental performance of pasta was calculated using the LCA (life cycle analysis) methodology, including the entire production chain, starting from the durum wheat cultivation until the delivery of the finished product to main distribution platforms. The study was conducted following the specific product rules published for the EPD System: “CPC code 2371 – Uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared”. The generic data contribution to the calculation of environmental impacts are lower than the 10%. declared unit

Data are referred to 1 kg of product and the related packaging for the selling unit of 500 g.

SYSTEM BOUNDARIES

The processes constituting the analyzed system were organized in upstream, core and downstream processes, in compliance with the requisites of the EPD system.

4 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 4. Durum wheat cultivation

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Durum wheat Milling Packaging Pasta Distribution cooking Packaging cultivation production production end of life

1% MEXICO 100% turkey 10% canada 2% GRECIA 2% AUSTRALIA 79% ITALY 6% FRANCE turkey Durum wheat cultivation was analysed ITALY considering the specific durum wheat origin; eleven different regions were analysed (North, Middle and South Italy; France; North and South-West U.S.A.; Canada; Turkey; Greece). Country specific data were used for fertilizers amount, crop yields and water use; secondary data (mainly from Ecoinvent database, www.ecoinvent.ch) were used for fertilizers production and diesel production and use. Yields are referred to 2013 year. 21% North u.s.a 100% greece

usa 20% South u.s.a greece

59% canada

5 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 The efforts for a sustainable farming

BARILLA SUSTAINABLE FARMING Since 2010, a team of Barilla professionals has been carrying out a study designed to identify the main areas for growing durum wheat in Italy and the cultivation Barilla Sustainable Farming (BSF) promotes more efficient systems deemed to be the most sustainable. The main results of the project have cropping systems in order to have safe and high quality been the publication of the Handbook for sustainable cultivation of durum wheat and agricultural products in a way that protects and improves the the development of Granoduro.net in collaboration with Horta srl, a spin-off of the natural environment and the social and economic conditions of Università Cattolica di Piacenza. Barilla’s commitment to the future is to disseminate farmers. these practices to the make the durum wheat supply chain even more sustainable.

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013-2014

THE LCA OF PASTA THE SUSTAINABLE THE HANDBOOK FOR GRANODURO.NET CONTRACT WITH The EPD shows that the AGRICULTURE SUSTAINABLE The web decision support FARMERS FOR 60% of the Global Warming PROJECT BEGINNING CULTIVATION OF system (DSS) granoduro.net SUSTAINABLE Potential of pasta is A multidisciplinary team, DURUM WHEAT is developed by Horta and DURUM WHEAT due to the cultivation of composed of agronomists As a result of the project a given to farmers. Bonus are given to farmers durum wheat. and LCA experts, handbook with sustainable It supports farmers with who cultivate durum starts a study on the agricultural practices was information about the wheat with sustainable agricultural systems to published and given to optimal seeding rate, the agricultural practices. individuate how to increase farmers. nitrogen requirement, the sustainability in durum risk of diseases and about wheat cultivation. the weather forecast .

With the project Sustainable Agriculture, Barilla is the winner of the 1st European CSR Award Scheme which is an initiative promoted by the Euro- pean Commission with the aim to give visibility to the best practices of Corporate Social Responsibility in Europe. The project, in collaboration with HORTA Srl and Life Cycle Engineering, has allowed the definition of the guidelines for the sustainable production of durum wheat. 6 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 5. Milling

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24% Altamura 18% Castelplanio 100% turkey

turkey ITALY MIlling process environmental 15% Ferrara perfonrmances were calculated considering energy and water consumption for each Barilla property mill: 4 in Italy (Pedrignano, 43% Pedrignano Altamura, Calstelplanio, Ferrara); 1 in the U.S.A. (Ames); 1 in Turkey (Bolu); 1 in Greece (Volos). Primary data (2014 year) are used for water and energy consumption and waste production, secondary data mainly from Ecoinvent database are used for water and energy supply.

usa 100% greece

greece 100% usa

7 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 6. Packaging production

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packaging production PRIMARY PACKAGING

Packaging environmental performances are calculated Since 2004, Barilla using the 500g format and designs new packaging are reported per packaging with the”LCA packaging design tool”. It allows the assessment of the used for 1 kg of product. environmental impacts of the packaging solutions The primary packaging consists in a paperboard already during the design phase. box.

Primary data (from packaging unit) are used for packaging amount and packaging materials production; data about packaging production process come from Barilla LCA database.

packaging FOR traNsportATION

Packaging for trasportation consists in cardboard boxes (american box) used for the distribution of the product. They are made mainly by recycled cardboard carton. The data used have been collected by public database (mainly Ecoinvent).

8 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 7. Pasta production

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The environmental performances related to the production process are evaluated considering 2014 input and output of 7 plants: 3 in Italy (Pedrignano, Marcianise, Foggia), 2 in U.S.A. (Ames, Avon), 1 in Greece and 1 in Turkey. For Italy and U.S.A., performances are calculated weighting each plant on the pasta production basis.

9 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 7. Pasta production

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GENERAL INFORMATION PASTA PRODUCTION The environmental performances related to the production process are evaluated considering primary data for energy and water consumption and the waste production. Secondary data (mainly Ecoinvent) are used for the environmental aspects related to the production of energy and water. ELECTRICITY

WATER Total plant electricity has been divided using mass allocation (the plant produces other products beyond dry semolina pasta). Electricity production is referred The water consumption is evaluated using primary to specific plant energy mix; data are referred to 2014. data. The overall value is attributed to the product using the mass allocation procedure. Data are referred to year 2014.

WASTES NATURAL GAS

The primary data are collected by the plant registrations. The natural gas consumption is evaluated using The overall value is attributed to the product using the primary data. The overall value is attributed to the mass allocation procedure. product using the mass allocation procedure. Data are referred to year 2014. Data are referred to year 2014.

10 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 8. Distribution

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Distribution environmental performances are calculated using specific hypotheses for each area. Primary data were used for kilometers covered by truck, train and ship; secondary data (ecoinvent database) for transport means. The impacts related to the disposal of the packaging for transport have been calculated considering the average French scenario for paper/ board (reference: Eurostat).

11 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 9. Cooking

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Durum wheat Milling Packaging Pasta Distribution cooking Primary packaging cultivation production production end of life

COOKING 1 kg of pasta The cooking phase is is strictly correlated to consumer behaviour and the related impacts could be estimated taking into account the ”cooking indications” that are usually provided by the company on packaging. The impacts related to the cooking phase kWh could be estimated considering the cooking 0,18 of 1 kg of pasta and the hypothesis reported per litre of water on the PCR: • Boiling phase: 0.18 kWh per kg of water; (boiling phase) • Cooking phase: 0.05 kWh per minute of cooking.

10 litres of water 0,05 kWh per minute of cooking

Cooking environmental performances are provided only for local consumption; for export and worldwide average are not provided due to the high number of involved countries.

12 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 9. Cooking

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The amount of water we use to cook pasta has a significant relevance. Using less water for cooking pasta has not only influence on the direct use of this natural resource, which is becom- ing more and more a scarce over the last years, but has an influence as well on the carbon footprint due to the GHG emissions generated by energy used for heating. The easy-to-remember suggestion provided on Barilla Blue Box long & short cut is: 1l water x 100g of pasta x 7g of salt. A reduction in the amount of water used can lead to a surprising reduction of the environmental impacts without affecting the product quality.

WATER FOR CARBON FOOTPRINT DUE CARBON FOOTPRINT COOKING per 100 g TO COOKING* per 100 g OF PASTA

76g 61g -30% -9% CO eq. CO eq. 1 l -30% 0,7 l 2 2 100 g Water Water of water of CO eq. emission 1 l 2 suggested reduction 0,7 l

This reduction does not affect the organoleptic properties of the product but it requires more attention during the cooking phase: but pay attention to have pasta completely dived into water and to take the habit to mix regularly during cooking.

*The cooking of 500 g of pasta at once with a gas stove was considered for the elaboration.

13 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 10. Primary packaging end of life

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ITALY Reference: COMIECO report 2014 Reference: EPA report 2012 USA

80% recycle Avoiding the production of virgin paper. Avoiding the production of virgin paper. recycle 65%

ENERGY ENERGY Recovering paper energy content 9% RECOVERY Recovering paper energy content RECOVERY 6%

The environmental burden of land- The environmental burden of landfill 11% Dump fill is due mainly to its manage- Dump 29% ment. is due mainly to its management.

Avoiding the production of virgin recycle Avoiding the production of virgin paper. recycle 84% paper. 35%

The environmental burden of landfill is The environmental burden of landfill is 16% Dump due mainly to its management. due mainly to its management. Dump 65%

GREECE Reference: EUROSTAT database 2013 Reference: Turkish Court of Accounts 2007 TURKEY

Primary packaging end of life environmental performances are provided only for local consumption; for export and worldwide average are not provided due to the high number of involved countries.

14 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 11. Environmental results - Italy (for local consumption)

UPSTREAM core DOWNstream NON-renewable resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Milling Packaging Production Distribution Primary packaging production production end of life Minerals & Rocks <0.01 <0.01 34.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 34.05 Limestone (CaCO3) 2.00 0.10 7.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 9.19 MATERIAL RESOURCE Phosphorous 5.24 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5.25 5.25 data in grams Oil <0,01 <0.01 1.14 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1.14 Natural Gas <0.01 <0.01 2.07 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2.07 Other 2.52 0.01 0.66 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3.19 Coal 13.26 4.25 11.47 0.98 0.28 0.02 30.26 Oil 69.77 5.91 7.54 0.68 10.73 0.01 94.64 ENERGY RESOURCE data in grams Natural Gas 28.30 7.45 13.61 65.99 0.61 0.01 115.97 Other <0.01 <0.01 0.61 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.61 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream renewable resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life MATERIAL RESOURCE Biomass* 0.41 0.45 49.29 0.07 0.01 <0.01 50.23 data in grams Hydropower 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.13 ENERGY RESOURCE Wind <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 data in MJ Solar <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream secondary resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life MATERIAL RESOURCE Recycled paper <0.01 <0.01 45.83 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 45.83 data in grams pre % post consumer Results are presented for pasta produced in Italy and transported only in Italy. *The biomasses transformed into the product are not considered. Totals may not agree because of rounding

15 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WATER CONSUMPTION Total data in litres for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life Total amount of water 6.68 0.18 7.33 1.57 0.04 <0.01 15.80

Direct amount of water used by the core process 1.50 1.50 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream IMPACT INDICATORS Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life

Global Warming Potential - fossil contribution g CO2 eq. 528.26 47.75 115.02 191.93 37.02 0.11 920.09

Global Warming Potential - biogenic contribution g CO2 eq. - 0.15 -131.65 3.30 17.36 17.69 -93.15

Photochemical Ozone Creating Potential g C2H4 eq. 8.56 0.22 0.40 0.19 0.27 <0.01 9.73

Acidification Potential g SO2 equivalent 6.23 0.03 0.11 0.02 0.05 0.01 6.45

--- Eutrofication Potential g PO4 equivalent -0.09 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.02 <0.01 0.15 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WASTES Total data in grams for 1 kg of product* Raw material Packaging Primary packaging Rawproduction materials productionMilling production Production Distribution end of life

To recycling <0.01 0.14 0.02 25.96 46.93 47.84 120.89

PACKAGING Feedstock ENERGY 1.78 data in MJ Co-prodUCTS to animal feed 17.56 data in grams

The biogenic contribution to Global Warming Potential refers only to biogenic CO2 emissions/ sequestration and biogenic methane coming from paper packaging, biomass consumption as energy resources and paperboard-corrugated board packaging end of life (both primary packaging and packaging for transport).

About food and feed production, biogenic contribution is not considered since the absorbed CO2 in biomass is equal to emitted CO2 after product consumption.

Secondary energy resources and recovered energy flows do not show detectable contributors. *Only the primary data related to the production process are reported. Totals may not agree because of rounding

16 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 PRODUCT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCES

Dry Semolina pasta - Italy for local consumption Raw material Milling Packging Pasta Distribution Primary pack- from field to Cooking phase production production production ging end of life distribution

7.0

ECOLOGICAL 8.6 4.0 FOOTPRINT 1.9 0.1 0.9 global m²/kg 0.5 0.1 <0.1

1 405 CARBON 528 870 gCO eq/kg 738 FOOTPRINT 195 2 48 54 18 -17 1 352

VIRTUAL 7 WATER 165 1 455 CONTENT liters/kg 1 180 91 17 11 <0 2 2 <1

Carbon Footprint is the sum of fossil and biogenic contributions to Global Warming Potential, excluding emissions and removals due to the product and its recipe.

17 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 12. Environmental results - Italy (for export destination)

UPSTREAM core DOWNstream NON RENEWABLE RESOURCES Total data per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution

Minerals & Rocks <0.01 <0.01 34.05 <0.01 <0.01 34.05

Limestone (CaCO3) 2.00 0.10 7.04 0.02 0.02 9.18 material resources Phosphorous 5.24 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5.25 data in grams Oil <0.01 <0.01 1.14 <0.01 <0.01 1.14 Gas <0.01 <0.01 2.07 <0.01 <0.01 2.07 Others 2.52 0.01 0.66 <0.01 <0.01 3.19 Coal 13.26 4.25 11.47 0.98 1.00 30.96

energy resources Oil 69.77 5.91 7.54 0.68 41.53 125.43 data in grams Natural Gas 28.30 7.45 15.61 65.99 2.31 117.66 Others <0.01 <0.01 0.61 <0.01 <0.01 0.61 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream RENEWABLE RESOURCES Total data per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution

MATERIAL RESOURCES Biomass* 0.41 0.45 49.29 0.07 0.03 50.25 data in grams Hydroelectric 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.02 <0.01 0.13 energt resources data in MJ Wind <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 Solar <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream secondary resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution

MATERIAL RESOURCE Recycled paper <0.01 <0.01 45.83 <0.01 <0.01 45.83 data in grams pre % post consumer Results are presented for pasta produced in Italy and transported to export destinations. Cooking and primary packaging end of life performances are not provided due to the high number of involved countries. *The biomasses transformed into the product are not considered. Totals may not agree because of rounding

18 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WATER CONSUMPTION Total data in litres per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution Water consumption 6.68 0.18 7.33 1.57 0.13 15.89

Direct amount of water used by the core process 1.50 1.50

UPSTREAM core DOWNstream IMPACT INDICATORS Total data per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution

Global Warming Potential - fossil contribution g CO2 eq. 528.26 47.75 115.02 191.93 142.78 1 025.74

Global Warming Potential - biogenic contribution g CO2 eq. - 0.15 -131.65 3.30 0.01 -128.19

POCP g C2H4 equivalent 8.65 0.22 0.40 0.19 1.13 10.59

Acidification g SO2 equivalent 6.23 0.03 0.11 0.02 0.19 6.58

--- Eutrophication g PO4 equivalent 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.19 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream wastes Total data in grams per 1 kg of product* RawRaw Material materials Production production MillingPackaging productionPackaging productionSauces productionPasta Production DistributionDistribution To recovery processes <0.01 0.14 0.02 25.96 <0.01 26.12 PACKAGING feedstock energy 1.78 packaging feedstock energy - data in MJ Co-prodUCTS to animal feed 17.56 data in grams

About food and feed production, biogenic contribution is not considered since the absorbed CO2 in biomass is equal to emitted CO2 after product consumption.

19 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 PRODUCT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCES

Dry Semolina pasta - Italy for export destination Raw material Mill Packging Pasta Distribution from field to production production production distribution

7.0 ECOLOGICAL 8.9 FOOTPRINT global m²/kg 0.1 0.9 0.5 0.4

528

CARBON 195 898

FOOTPRINT gCO2eq/kg 48 143 -17

1 352

VIRTUAL 7 WATER 165 1 445 CONTENT liters/kg 1 180 91 <1 2 <1

Carbon Footprint is the sum of fossil and biogenic contributions to Global Warming Potential, excluding emissions and removals due to the product and its recipe. Cooking and primary packaging end of life performances are not provided due to the high number of involved countries.

20 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 13. Environmental results - USA

UPSTREAM core DOWNstream NON-renewable resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Milling Packaging Production Distribution Primary packaging production production end of life Potassium chloride 7.73 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 7.73 Silicates <0.01 <0.01 5.51 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5.51 Phosphorous 4.89 <0.01 0.01 <0,01 <0.01 <0.01 4.90 MATERIAL RESOURCE

data in grams Limestone (CaCO3) 2.30 0.24 0.80 1.16 0.14 0.01 4.65 Gravel & sand 0.39 0.01 1.09 0.02 0.01 <0.01 1.52 Oil <0,01 <0.01 3.40 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 3.40 Natural Gas <0.01 <0.01 12.70 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 12.70 Other 2.23 0.03 0.50 0.05 0.02 0.01 2.84 Coal 36.33 18.05 20.39 55.72 7.76 0.03 138.28 Oil 71.78 40.16 3.34 10.89 28.44 0.03 154.64 ENERGY RESOURCE data in grams Natural Gas 27.05 11.72 12.45 56.05 2.48 0.01 109.76 Other <0.01 <0.01 0.38 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.38 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream renewable resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life MATERIAL RESOURCE Biomass* 1.11 0.59 20.53 0.23 0.24 <0.01 22.70 data in grams Hydropower 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.09 0.01 <0.01 0.20 ENERGY RESOURCE Wind 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.08 <0.01 <0.01 0.12 data in MJ Solar <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream secondary resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life MATERIAL RESOURCE Recycled paper <0.01 <0.01 110.65 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 110.65 data in grams pre % post consumer Results are presented for pasta produced and consumed in the United States; transportation refers also to export destinations. *The biomasses transformed into the product are not considered. Totals may not agree because of rounding

21 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WATER CONSUMPTION Total data in litres for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life Total amount of water 156.29 0.28 1.69 1.46 0,19 <0,01 159.91

Direct amount of water used by the core process 0.85 0.85 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream IMPACT INDICATORS Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life

Global Warming Potential - fossil contribution g CO2 eq. 536.56 196.33 130.38 294.55 109.20 0.17 1 267.19

Global Warming Potential - biogenic contribution g CO2 eq. - 0.05 -78.40 0.79 34.71 35.36 -7.49

Photochemical Ozone Creating Potential g C2H4 eq. 8.09 1.33 0.55 1.48 0.80 <0.01 12.25

Acidification Potential g SO2 equivalent 5.80 0.19 0.08 0.09 0.15 0.01 6.32

--- Eutrofication Potential g PO4 equivalent 0.05 0.08 0.07 0.09 0.05 0.01 0.35 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WASTES Total data in grams for 1 kg of product* Raw material Packaging Primary packaging Rawproduction materials productionMilling production Production Distribution end of life

To recycling <0.01 <0.01 0.54 50.09 36.37 37.08 124.08

PACKAGING Feedstock ENERGY 1.82 data in MJ Co-prodUCTS Co-prodUCTS to animal feed 43.77 data in grams

About food and feed production, biogenic contribution is not considered since the absorbed CO2 in biomass is equal to emitted CO2 after product consumption.

22 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 PRODUCT FOOTPRINTS

Dry Semolina pasta - USA Raw material Milling Packging Pasta Distribution Primary pack- from field to Cooking phase production production production ging end of life distribution

7.8 ECOLOGICAL 9.9 1.9 5.5 FOOTPRINT global m²/kg 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.3 <0.1

2 086 CARBON 537 1 260 gCO eq/kg 730 FOOTPRINT 295 2 196 144 36 52

1 380 VIRTUAL 156 174 1 394 WATER liters/kg CONTENT 1 049 16 11 <1 13 1 <1 <1

Carbon Footprint is the sum of fossil and biogenic contributions to Global Warming Potential, excluding emissions and removals due to the product and its recipe.

23 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 PRODUCT FOOTPRINTS

Dry Semolina pasta - USA Raw material Milling Packging Pasta Distribution Primary pack- from field to Cooking phase production production production ging end of life distribution

38 ECOLOGICAL 48 9 27 FOOTPRINT global ft²/lb 2 2 4 1 <1

33 CARBON 9 20 oz CO eq/lb 12 FOOTPRINT 5 2 3 2 1 1

626 VIRTUAL 71 79 632 WATER liters/lb CONTENT 476 7 5 <1 6 <1 <1 <1

Carbon Footprint is the sum of fossil and biogenic contributions to Global Warming Potential, excluding emissions and removals due to the product and its recipe.

24 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 14. Environmental results - Greece

MATERIAL RESOURCE Limestone (CaCO3) 4.47 0.28 7.04 1.19 0.03 <0.01 13.01 data in grams Oil <0,01 <0.01 1.14 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1.14 Natural Gas <0.01 <0.01 2.07 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2.07 Other 2.05 0.01 1.22 0.01 0.02 <0.01 3.31 Coal 17.10 69.55 11.47 106.63 1.61 0.01 206.37 Oil 103.75 9.48 7.54 12.76 65.66 0.01 199.20 ENERGY RESOURCE data in grams Natural Gas 36.74 4.17 13.61 54.54 3.51 <0.01 112.57 Other <0.01 <0.01 0.61 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.61 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream renewable resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life MATERIAL RESOURCE Biomass* 0.54 0.02 49.29 0.08 0.05 <0.01 49.98 data in grams Hydropower 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.27 <0.01 <0.01 0.37 ENERGY RESOURCE Wind <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 data in MJ Solar <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream secondary resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life MATERIAL RESOURCE Recycled paper <0.01 <0.01 45.83 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 45.83 data in grams pre % post consumer

Results are presented for pasta produced and consumed in Greece; transportation refers also to export destinations. *The biomasses transformed into the product are not considered. Totals may not agree because of rounding

25 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WATER CONSUMPTION Total data in litres for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life Total amount of water 3.26 0.45 7.33 1.47 0,20 <0,01 12.71

Direct amount of water used by the core process 0.67 0.67 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream IMPACT INDICATORS Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life

Global Warming Potential - fossil contribution g CO2 eq. 707.24 88.51 115.02 278.37 224.57 0.07 1 413.78

Global Warming Potential - biogenic contribution g CO2 eq. - 0.46 -131.65 1.51 17.62 17.95 -94.11

Photochemical Ozone Creating Potential g C2H4 eq. 10.98 0.53 0.40 1.09 2.23 <0.01 15.23

Acidification Potential g SO2 equivalent 8.30 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.32 0.01 8.96

--- Eutrofication Potential g PO4 equivalent 0.08 0.03 0.04 0.09 0.12 <0.01 0.36 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WASTES Total data in grams for 1 kg of product* Raw material Packaging Primary packaging Rawproduction materials productionMilling production Production Distribution end of life

To recycling <0.01 0.10 0.02 20.60 49.28 50.23 120.23

PACKAGING Feedstock ENERGY 1.78 data in MJ Co-prodUCTS Co-prodUCTS to animal feed 13.13 data in grams

About food and feed production, biogenic contribution is not considered since the absorbed CO2 in biomass is equal to emitted CO2 after product consumption.

26 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 PRODUCT FOOTPRINTS

Dry Semolina pasta - Greece Raw material Milling Packging Pasta Distribution Primary pack- from field to Cooking phase production production production ging end of life distribution

10.9

ECOLOGICAL 13.3 7.2 FOOTPRINT 2.1 0.2 0.9 global m²/kg 0.7 0.6 <0.1

2 659 CARBON 707 1 320 gCO eq/kg 871 FOOTPRINT 280 2 89 242 18 -17 1 503 VIRTUAL 3 125 1 595 WATER liters/kg CONTENT 1 374 91 26 11 <1 1 <1 <1

Carbon Footprint is the sum of fossil and biogenic contributions to Global Warming Potential, excluding emissions and removals due to the product and its recipe.

27 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 15. Environmental results - Turkey

Limestone (CaCO3) 3.36 <0.01 7.04 0.01 0.01 <0.01 10.42 MATERIAL RESOURCE Phosphorous 9.90 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 9.91 data in grams Oil <0,01 <0.01 1.14 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1.14 Natural Gas <0.01 <0.01 2.07 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2.07 Other 1.71 <0.01 1.22 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2.93 Coal 13.08 0.02 11.47 0.57 0.45 0.04 25.63 Oil 80.21 0.01 7.54 1.17 17.25 0.05 106.23 ENERGY RESOURCE data in grams Natural Gas 27.81 5.50 13.61 44.48 0.97 0.01 92.38 Other <0.01 <0.01 0.61 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.61 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream renewable resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life MATERIAL RESOURCE Biomass* 0.42 <0.01 49.29 0.03 0.02 <0.01 49.76 data in grams Hydropower 0.03 0.13 0.04 0.31 <0.01 <0.01 0.51 ENERGY RESOURCE Wind <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 data in MJ Solar <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream secondary resource Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life MATERIAL RESOURCE Recycled paper <0.01 <0.01 45.83 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 45.83 data in grams pre % post consumer Results are presented for pasta produced and consumed in Turkey; transportation refers also to export destinations. *The biomasses transformed into the product are not considered. Totals may not agree because of rounding

28 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WATER CONSUMPTION Total data in litres for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life Total amount of water 2.46 0.13 7.33 1.15 0.06 <0.01 11.13

Direct amount of water used by the core process 1.01 1.01 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream IMPACT INDICATORS Total data for 1 kg of product Raw material Packaging Primary packaging production Milling production Production Distribution end of life

Global Warming Potential - fossil contribution g CO2 eq. 539.20 15.45 115.02 128.03 59.55 0.29 857.54

Global Warming Potential - biogenic contribution g CO2 eq. - 0.28 -131.65 1.34 71.56 72.94 14.47

Photochemical Ozone Creating Potential g C2H4 eq. 8.30 0.02 0.40 0.13 0.44 0.01 9.30

Acidification Potential g SO2 equivalent 6.24 <0.01 0.11 0.02 0.11 0.03 6.51

--- Eutrofication Potential g PO4 equivalent 0.07 <0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.18 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WASTES Total data in grams for 1 kg of product* Raw material Packaging Primary packaging Rawproduction materials productionMilling production Production Distribution end of life

To recycling <0.01 <0.01 0.02 351.01 20.53 20.93 392.49

PACKAGING Feedstock ENERGY 1.78 data in MJ Co-prodUCTS Co-prodUCTS to animal feed 349.13 data in grams

About food and feed production, biogenic contribution is not considered since the absorbed CO2 in biomass is equal to emitted CO2 after product consumption.

29 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 PRODUCT FOOTPRINTS

Dry Semolina pasta - Turkey Raw material Milling Packging Pasta Distribution Primary pack- from field to Cooking phase production production production ging end of life distribution

8.2 ECOLOGICAL 9.6 1.9 4.9 FOOTPRINT global m²/kg 0.9 <0.1 0.3 0.2 <0.1

1 922 CARBON 539 907 gCO eq/kg 730 FOOTPRINT 129 131 2 16 73 -17 2 102 VIRTUAL 2 181 2 204 WATER liters/kg CONTENT 1 919 91 17 11 <1 1 <1 <1

Carbon Footprint is the sum of fossil and biogenic contributions to Global Warming Potential, excluding emissions and removals due to the product and its recipe.

30 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 16. Environmental results - world

UPSTREAM core DOWNstream NON RENEWABLE RESOURCES Total data per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution

Minerals & Rocks <0.01 <0.01 25.54 <0.01 <0.01 25.54

Limestone (CaCO3) 2.16 0.13 5.48 0.35 0.05 8.17 Phosphorous 5.41 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5.42 material resources data in grams Potassium Chloride 2.78 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2.79 Oil <0.01 <0.01 2.01 <0.01 <0.01 2.01 Gas <0.01 <0.01 4.42 <0.01 <0.01 4.42 Others 2.36 0.02 2.41 0.02 0.02 4.83 Coal 19.46 8.97 13.70 18.38 2.44 62.95 Oil 71.78 14.49 6.19 3.70 27.63 123.79 energy resources data in grams Natural Gas 28.43 8.43 13.63 62.85 1.76 115.10 Others <0.01 <0.01 0.56 <0.01 <0.01 0.56 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream RENEWABLE RESOURCES Total data per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution

MATERIAL RESOURCES Biomass* 0.60 0.47 42.10 0.12 0.07 43.36 data in grams Hydroelectric 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.05 <0.01 0.15 energt resources data in MJ Wind 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.05 Solar <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream SECONDARY RESOURCES Total data per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution

material resources Waste paper <0.01 <0.01 62.03 <0.01 <0.01 62.03 data in grams from pre and post consumer Results represent the global weighted average of durum wheat semolina pasta production and distribution. Cooking and primary packaging end of life performances are not provided due to the high number of involved countries. *The biomasses transformed into the product are not considered. Totals may not agree because of rounding

31 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream WATER CONSUMPTION Total data in litres per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution Water consumption 45.54 0.21 5.92 1.53 0.11 53.31

Direct amount of water used by the core process 1.32 1.32

UPSTREAM core DOWNstream IMPACT INDICATORS Total data per 1 kg of product Raw Material Production Milling Packaging production Pasta Production Distribution

Global Warming Potential - fossil contribution g CO2 eq. 539.39 85.39 118.86 220.57 97.88 1 062.09

Global Warming Potential - biogenic contribution g CO2 eq. - 0.13 -118.34 2.57 15.87 -99.77

POCP g C2H4 equivalent 8.64 0.51 0.44 0.55 0.76 10.90

Acidification g SO2 equivalent 6.22 0.07 0.10 0.04 0.13 6.56

--- Eutrophication g PO4 equivalent 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.23 UPSTREAM core DOWNstream wastes Total data in grams per 1 kg of product* RawRaw Material materials Production production MillingPackaging productionPackaging productionSauces productionPasta Production DistributionDistribution To recovery processes <0.01 0.10 0.15 35.33 26.84 62.42 PACKAGING feedstock energy 1.79 packaging feedstock energy - data in MJ Co-prodUCTS to animal feed 27.66 data in grams

About food and feed production, biogenic contribution is not considered since the absorbed CO2 in biomass is equal to emitted CO2 after product consumption.

32 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 PRODUCT FOOTPRINTS

Dry Semolina pasta - World Raw material Mill Packging Pasta Distribution from field to consumption production production production distribution

7.3 ECOLOGICAL 9.2 FOOTPRINT global m²/kg 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.3

539 CARBON 962 223 FOOTPRINT gCO2eq/kg 86 114 1

1 383 VIRTUAL 46 168 1 456 WATER liters/kg CONTENT 1 196 71 <1 2 <1 Carbon Footprint is the sum of fossil and biogenic contributions to Global Warming Potential, excluding emissions and removals due to the product and its recipe. Cooking and primary packaging end of life performances are not provided due to the high number of involved countries.

33 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 17. Difference versus previous versions of the EPD

The differences versus previous EPD versions are due manly to the use of version, states that the packaging end of life shall be integrated in the envi- updated yields for durum wheat cultivation, the emission factors for the ronmental impact, resulting in the consideration of biogenic contribution energy mixes and the market distribution. In addition, new characterisa- in the Global Warming Potential. tion factor indicators have been published and the GPI update to the 2.5 18. Additional information

Environmental declarations published within the same product category, This declaration and further information in regards are available at though originating from different programs, may not be comparable. www.environdec.com references

– International EPD Consortium, General Programme Instructions (EPD), ver. 2.01 of 18/09/2013; – CONAI Report, relazione sulla gestione e Bilancio, April 2014; – WWF, Global Footprint Network, Zoological Society of London, Living Planet Report 2008, – Eurostat waste database. WWF (2008); - EPA Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling and Disposal in the United States: Facts – Arjen Y. Hoekstra, Ashok K. Chapagain, Maite M. Aldaya, Mesfin M. Mekonnen; and Figures for 2012. Water Footprint The Water Footprint Manual 2011, Waterfootprint Network; - Turkish ccourt of Account Report, Waste Management in Turkey - National Regulations and – PCR 2010:01; CPC 2371 - PCR for uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared; ver. 2.1 Evaluation of Implementation Results Performance Audit Report. January 2007 of 27/01/2015; technical support and EPD PROCESS CERTIFICATION contacts graphic design

pcr review conducted by: Verifier: Third party verifier: For additional information relative to the Life Cycle Engineering (Italy) Technical Committee of the Ugo Pretato Bureau Veritas activities of the Barilla Group or in regards to www.studiolce.it International EPD® system (accreditation number for EPD: this environmental declaration, please contact: 1236) laura Marchelli – [email protected]

34 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015 19. Glossary

ecological carbon VIRTUAL WATER Acidification Eutrophication Photochemical footprint footprint CONTENT (AP ) (EP ) ozone creation (POCP)

The ecological fo- A product carbon The virtual water It is a phenomenon for It is an abnormal pro- Chemical reaction otprint measures the footprint is the total content is the water which precipitation liferation of vegetation brought about by the area of biologically pro- amount of greenhouse both direct and indirect is unusually acidic, in the aquatic ecosy- light energy of the sun. ductive land and water gases produced along required to manufactu- meaning that it has stems caused by the The reaction of nitrogen required to provide the the entire life cycle. It re a product along its substandard levels of addition of nutrients oxides with hydrocar- resources used and ab- is expressed in equi- entire life cycle. Water pH. It can have harmful into rivers, lakes or bons in the presence of sorb the carbon dioxide valent mass of carbon footprint is defined as effects on plants, aqua- ocean, which determi- sunlight forms the ozone green water (evapo- in the troposphere. The waste generated along dioxide (CO2-eq). tic animals and infra- nates a lack of oxygen. the enire life cycle. It is In agriculture a signi- transpiration of water structure. Acid rain is The eutrophication indicator is mainly in- measured in standard ficant contribution is from plants), as blue caused by emissions of potential is mainly fluenced by VOCs (Vola- water (directly used tile organic compounds) units called global given by the emission SO2, NOx and NH3. The influenced by emission hectares (gha). of nitrous oxide (N2O) fresh surface and acidification potential into water of phospha- and NOx emissions and due to the fertilizers groundwater) and as is measured in mass of tes and nitrates. It is is usually expressed in use. grey water (the volume sulfur dioxide equiva- expressed in mass of mass of ethylene equiva- of water that is requi- -- lent (C H -eq). lent (SO2-eq). PO4- equivalent. 2 4 red to dilute pollutants so that the quality of the water remains above agreed quality standards). www.globalfootprint.org www.ipcc.ch www.waterfootprint.org

35 EPD Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta – rev 6,29/12/2015