Connecting Poverty and Ecosystem Services: a Series of Seven Country Scoping Studies
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The World Bank
Document of The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: ICR00002788 IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION AND RESULTS REPORT (IDA-38100, IDA-38101, IDA-3810A and IDA-49330) ON A Public Disclosure Authorized CREDIT IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR21.1 MILLION (US$32.15 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF MAURITANIA FOR A Public Disclosure Authorized SECOND MINING SECTOR CAPACITY BUILDING PROJECT June 13, 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized Sustainable Energy, Oil, Gas, and Mining Unit Sustainable Development Network AFCF1 Africa Region CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective May 15, 2014) Currency Unit = Mauritania Ouguiya (MRO) MRO 1.00 = US$ 0.0034 US$ 1.00 = MRO 298 FISCAL YEAR July 1 – June 30 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS Bpd Barrels per day CAS Country Assistance Strategy CNITIE Comité National de l’Initiative pour la Transparence dans les Industries Extractives CNRE Centre National des Ressources en Eau CPPR Country Portfolio Performance Review DMG Direction des Mines et de la Géologie EI Extractive Industries EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative GIRM Government of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania GIZ Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit ICR Implementation Completion Report IDA International Development Association IDB Islamic Development Bank LED Local Economic Development IMF International Monetary Fund M&E Monitoring and evaluation MMI Ministère des Mines et de l’Industrie MPEM Ministère du Pétrole, de l’Energie et des Mines NORAD Norwegian Agency for development Cooperation PAD Project Appraisal Document -
Weather Forecasting and to the Measuring Weather Data, Instruments, and Science That Make Forecasting Accurate
Delta Science Reader WWeathereather ForecastingForecasting Delta Science Readers are nonfiction student books that provide science background and support the experiences of hands-on activities. Every Delta Science Reader has three main sections: Think About . , People in Science, and Did You Know? Be sure to preview the reader Overview Chart on page 4, the reader itself, and the teaching suggestions on the following pages. This information will help you determine how to plan your schedule for reader selections and activity sessions. Reading for information is a key literacy skill. Use the following ideas as appropriate for your teaching style and the needs of your students. The After Reading section includes an assessment and writing links. VERVIEW Students will O understand the main factors that cause The Delta Science Reader Weather weather and produce weather changes Forecasting introduces students to the learn about the various instruments for world of weather forecasting and to the measuring weather data, instruments, and science that make forecasting accurate. Students will explore identify some of the elements of severe the six main weather factors—temperature, weather, and distinguish between weather air pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation, and climate and cloudiness—as well as discover the discuss the function of nonfiction text difference between weather and climate. elements such as the table of contents, The book also contains a biographical headings, tables, captions, and glossary sketch of tornado expert Tetsuya Theodore Fujita and information about two other kinds interpret photographs and graphics— of weather scientists: climatologists and diagrams, illustrations, weather maps— hurricane hunters. Students will find out to answer questions how a weather satellite works and how complete a KWL chart to track new different types of winds get their names. -
Evaluation and Assessment of Meteorological Drought by Different Methods in Trarza Region, Mauritania
Water Resour Manage (2017) 31:825–845 DOI 10.1007/s11269-016-1510-8 Evaluation and Assessment of Meteorological Drought by Different Methods in Trarza Region, Mauritania Ely Yacoub1 & Gokmen Tayfur1 Received: 6 June 2016 /Accepted: 20 September 2016 / Published online: 10 October 2016 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016 Abstract Drought Indexes (DIs) are commonly used for assessing the effect of drought such as the duration and severity. In this study, long term precipitation records (monthly recorded for 44 years) in three stations (Boutilimit (station 1), Nouakchott (station 2), and Rosso (station 3)) are employed to investigate the drought characteristics in Trarza region in Mauritania. Six DI methods, namely normal Standardized Precipitation Index (normal-SPI), log normal Standardized Precipitation Index (log-SPI), Standardized Precipitation Index using Gamma distribution (Gamma-SPI), Percent of Normal (PN), the China-Z index (CZI), and Deciles are used for this purpose. The DI methods are based on 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12 month time periods. The results showed that DIs produce almost the same results for the Trarza region. The droughts are detected in the seventies and eighties more than the 1990s. Twelve drought years might be experienced in station 2 and six in stations 1 and 3 in every 44 years, according to reoccurrence probability of the gamma-SPI and log-SPI results. Stations 1 and 3 might experience fewer drought years than station 2, which is located right on the coast. In station 1, which is located inland, when the annual rainfall is less than 123 mm, it is likely that severe drought would occur. -
Chapter 5 Formulation of Action Plan and Model for Gorgol Region
The Development Study for the Project on Revitalization of Irrigated Agriculture in the Irrigated Zone of Foum Gleita in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania Main Report CHAPTER 5 FORMULATION OF ACTION PLAN AND MODEL FOR GORGOL REGION 5.1 Issues of the Foum Gleita Project Area 5.1.1 Analysis of the History of the Foum Gleita Project The important events in Foum Gleita are reviewed to define the background of problems. However, the operation for the entire area has started about 20 years ago in 1990, and hence SONADER no longer possessed the documents of this period, and neither did the farmers. The information was fragmentary, and often the time of the events was not well defined and the description given by the farmers was different from each other. These issues were complicated, and it was difficult to ascertain the veracity of the facts. Based on these conditions, the Fig. 5.1.1 was prepared, and the chronological table on the left shows important events related to Foum Gleita and the figure on the right shows an image between necessary inputs for irrigated agriculture and cropping areas as its results. Actually, the problems of Foum Gleita were attributed to the fact that the scope of management and maintenance for mid and long term was not sufficient, and the farmers and the government did not play their roles. Then the problems were accumulated, while both of them do nothing. The figure 5.1.1 shows the real situation of Foum Gleita (left in red) and the idealistic responsibility and results (right in blue). -
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ALERT LEVEL: MAURITANIA NO ALERT Monthly Food Security Update WATCH WARNING December 2006 EMERGENCY Conditions are normal, with pockets of food insecurity CONTENT Summary and implications Summary and implications ....1 As the last late-planted rain fed sorghum crops are harvested, cereal yield estimates indicate a Current hazards summary.....1 decrease from last year due to this year’s shorter than usual rainy season and damages from grain- Status of crops ......................1 eating birds during the heading stage of their growing cycle. Rice harvests are still in progress and Conditions in stock-raising most flood-recession crops have been planted. However, farmers did not plant flood recession crops areas .....................................2 in many areas of Gorgol region, due to fear of infestations of pink stalk borers, straying animals and Locust situation .....................2 pressure from grain-eating birds. While the locust situation remains calm, heavy pressure on off- season crops from grain-eating birds continue, despite large-scale control programs. Food security.........................2 Recommendations ................2 Conditions in the pastoral areas of central Mauritania (northern Brakna, northern Gorgol, central Trarza and Assaba) are beginning to deteriorate as a result of overgrazing and wind erosion. The pace of seasonal migration has picked up as herders and their animals search for better grazing lands and move closer to buyers in anticipation of the approaching Tabaski holiday (the Muslim Feast of Sacrifice). Supplies of sorghum and millet on grain markets remain limited, due largely to the shortfall in local production and the small volume of grain trade with Senegal. Transfers of Malian grain (from the 2004 and 2005 harvests) are picking up in border areas in the Southeast and in Nouakchott, keeping sorghum prices relatively stable, though prices on rural markets are trending upwards. -
Imagine2014 8B3 02 Gehrke
Loss Adjustment via Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) – Experiences and Challenges for Crop Insurance Thomas Gehrke, Regional Director Berlin, Resp. for International Affairs Loss Adjustment via UAS - Experiences and 20.10.2014 1 Challenges for Crop Insurance Structure 1. Introduction – Demo 2. Vereinigte Hagel – Market leader in Europe 3. Precision Agriculture – UAS 4. Crop insurance – Loss adjustment via UAS 5. Challenges and Conclusion Loss Adjustment via UAS - Experiences and Challenges for Crop Insurance 20.10.2014 2 Introduction – Demo Short film (not in pdf-file) Loss Adjustment via UAS - Experiences and Challenges for Crop Insurance 20.10.2014 3 Structure 1. Introduction – Demo 2. Vereinigte Hagel – Market leader in Europe 3. Precision Agriculture – UAS 4. Crop insurance – Loss adjustment via UAS 5. Challenges and Conclusion Loss Adjustment via UAS - Experiences and Challenges for Crop Insurance 20.10.2014 4 190 years of experience Secufarm® 1 Hail * Loss Adjustment via UAS - Experiences and Challenges for Crop Insurance 20.10.2014 5 2013-05-09, Hail – winter barley Loss Adjustment via UAS - Experiences and Challenges for Crop Insurance 20.10.2014 6 … and 4 weeks later Loss Adjustment via UAS - Experiences and Challenges for Crop Insurance 20.10.2014 7 Our Line of MPCI* Products PROFESSIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT is crucial part of modern agriculture. With Secufarm® products, farmers can decide individually which agricultural Secufarm® 6 crops they would like to insure against ® Fire & Drought which risks. Secufarm 4 Frost Secufarm® 3 Storm & Intense Rain Secufarm® 1 certain crop types are eligible Hail only for Secufarm 1 * MPCI: Multi Peril Crop Insurance Loss Adjustment via UAS - Experiences and Challenges for Crop Insurance 20.10.2014 8 Insurable Damages and their Causes Hail Storm Frost WEATHER RISKS are increasing further. -
Looters Vs. Traitors: the Muqawama (“Resistance”) Narrative, and Its Detractors, in Contemporary Mauritania Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba and Francisco Freire
Looters vs. Traitors: The Muqawama (“Resistance”) Narrative, and its Detractors, in Contemporary Mauritania Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba and Francisco Freire Abstract: Since 2012, when broadcasting licenses were granted to various private television and radio stations in Mauritania, the controversy around the Battle of Um Tounsi (and Mauritania’s colonial past more generally) has grown substantially. One of the results of this unprecedented level of media freedom has been the prop- agation of views defending the Mauritanian resistance (muqawama in Arabic) to French colonization. On the one hand, verbal and written accounts have emerged which paint certain groups and actors as French colonial power sympathizers. At the same time, various online publications have responded by seriously questioning the very existence of a structured resistance to colonization. This article, drawing pre- dominantly on local sources, highlights the importance of this controversy in study- ing the western Saharan region social model and its contemporary uses. African Studies Review, Volume 63, Number 2 (June 2020), pp. 258– 280 Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba is Professor of History and Sociolinguistics at the University of Nouakchott, Mauritania (Ph.D. University of Provence (Aix- Marseille I); Fulbright Scholar resident at Northwestern University 2012–2013), and a Senior Research Consultant at the CAPSAHARA project (ERC-2016- StG-716467). E-mail: [email protected] Francisco Freire is an Anthropologist (Ph.D. Universidade Nova de Lisboa 2009) at CRIA–NOVA FCSH (Lisbon, Portugal). He is the Principal Investigator of the European Research Council funded project CAPSAHARA: Critical Approaches to Politics, Social Activism and Islamic Militancy in the Western Saharan Region (ERC-2016-StG-716467). -
Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel
Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel Towards Peaceful Coexistence UNOWAS STUDY 1 2 Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel Towards Peaceful Coexistence UNOWAS STUDY August 2018 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations p.8 Chapter 3: THE REPUBLIC OF MALI p.39-48 Acknowledgements p.9 Introduction Foreword p.10 a. Pastoralism and transhumance UNOWAS Mandate p.11 Pastoral Transhumance Methodology and Unit of Analysis of the b. Challenges facing pastoralists Study p.11 A weak state with institutional constraints Executive Summary p.12 Reduced access to pasture and water Introductionp.19 c. Security challenges and the causes and Pastoralism and Transhumance p.21 drivers of conflict Rebellion, terrorism, and the Malian state Chapter 1: BURKINA FASO p.23-30 Communal violence and farmer-herder Introduction conflicts a. Pastoralism, transhumance and d. Conflict prevention and resolution migration Recommendations b. Challenges facing pastoralists Loss of pasture land and blockage of Chapter 4: THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF transhumance routes MAURITANIA p.49-57 Political (under-)representation and Introduction passivity a. Pastoralism and transhumance in Climate change and adaptation Mauritania Veterinary services b. Challenges facing pastoralists Education Water scarcity c. Security challenges and the causes and Shortages of pasture and animal feed in the drivers of conflict dry season Farmer-herder relations Challenges relating to cross-border Cattle rustling transhumance: The spread of terrorism to Burkina Faso Mauritania-Mali d. Conflict prevention and resolution Pastoralists and forest guards in Mali Recommendations Mauritania-Senegal c. Security challenges and the causes and Chapter 2: THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA p.31- drivers of conflict 38 The terrorist threat Introduction Armed robbery a. -
Sirocco 30 / Chinook 30 / Ashford 30
Sirocco 30 / Chinook 30 / Ashford 30 BLAZE KING 30 Series Free Standing Wood Stoves www.blazeking.com Sirocco 30 with Pedestal, Ash Drawer, painted Cast Iron Door and Standard Blower Exhaust. Pedestal Ash Drawer Optional Cast Iron Door with Satin Trim and Satin Door Handle SIROCCO 30 Classic Lines and Versatility The Sirocco series embodies the timeless styling of the North American wood stove. Customize You can customize your Sirocco 30 to match the decor of your home by choosing either the Pedestal or Cast Leg version. You can complete your styling preferences by choosing the available Satin Trim accents. Correct Firebox Size It is important to pick the correct stove size to heat your home. At 2.9 cu. ft. the Sirocco, Chinook and Ashford 30 have larger sized fireboxes. All Blaze King catalytic stoves are thermostatically controlled which allows you to regulate the heat output, making them usable in a wide variety of home sizes. Specifications: Optimum Real World Tested Sirocco 30.2 Performance (LHV) Performance (HHV) Maximum heat input*˚ 464,100 BTU’s 464,100 BTU’s Efficiency 82% 76% Constant Heat output 38,195 BTU’s/hour for 35,364 BTU’s/hour for on High**˚ 10 hours 10 hours Constant Heat output 12,731 BTU’s/hour for 11,788BTU’s/hour for on Low***˚ up to 30 hours up to 30 hours Sirocco 30 with Square Feet Heatedo 1,100 – 2,400 Cast Iron Legs Maximum Log Size 18" (recommended 16") and Door, Burn Timeo Up to 30 hours on low standard Blower Emissions (grams/hour) 0.80 g Exhaust, and Firebox Size 2.9 cu. -
Power Africa-AFRICA-POWER-VISION
AFRICA POWER VISION CONCEPT NOTE & IMPLEMENTATION PLAN from Vision to Action January 2015 The Africa Power Vision (APV) Package was prepared to facilitate the implementation of the initiative driving it from vision to action. In September 2014, representatives of Power Africa and the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) Agency signed a memorandum of understanding under which Power Africa would support the NEPAD Agency in presenting the selection of the Africa Power Vision priority projects at the NEPAD Heads of State and Governments Orientation Committee (NEPAD HSGOC) meeting in January 2015. This package was prepared in response to that understanding. Drawing on the Africa Power Vision concept note and factors for project consideration (currently NEPAD APV Project Prioritisation Considerations Tool/PPCT), three considerations were added and an implementation plan is proposed. An initial priority list with thirteen (13) projects is currently being considered for further prioritisation. Each APV project under consideration was assessed against the NEPAD PPCT to ensure the political support of the APV process at its highest level. As such, the NEPAD Agency is submitting the APV Package to the NEPAD HSGOC chaired by H.E. President Macky Sall for endorsement in January 2015. FROM VISION TO ACTION SUPPORTED BY DISCLAIMER This publication was made possible through support provided by the US Agency for International Development, under the terms of Contract No. AID-623-C-14-00003. The opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Agency for International Development and/or the US Government. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, the information in this package was adopted from content provided directly by the NEPAD Agency or a source referred to by the NEPAD Agency. -
Senegal River Basin Health Master Plan Study
SENEGAL RIVER BASIN HEALTH MAETER PLAN STUDY WASH Field Report No. 453 December 1994 SANITATION fbr --- ~.rea+r.rr~fi PROJECT -- Sponsored by the U.S. Agency for International Development Operated by CDM and Associates WASH Field Report No. 453 Senegal River Basin Health Master Plan Study Prepared for the USAlD Mission to Senegal U. S. Agency for International Development under WASH Task No. 5 12 Mbarack Diop William R. Jobin with Nicolas G. Adrien Fereydoun Arfaa Judith Auk1 Sax& Bertoli-Minor Ralph W~~PP Jan Rozendaal December 1994 Water and Slnimtion for Hdth Project C-t No. DPJi-5973-Z4WO81-00, Project No. 936-5973 is sponsod by Me Bumu for Glow Programs, Field Suppoh and Resurch Offh of Hdth rad Nuaitibn U.S. Agency for IntennW Development Wdingmn, DC 20523 Senegal River Basin Health Master Plan Shady ERRATA P. xix, paragraph 6, line 1 : "The Senegal River rises in Guinea.." P. 21, paragraph 4, lines 4-5: "Giventhe decrease in midalls in the Lawer€.,c~..." P. 35, Current Findings/Epiderniological Survey, paragraph 2, line 1: "Inthe Delta, three schools on the Mauritanian bank of the river (Finuresand 14)..." - P. 57, Figure 20: Green line = St. Louis, red line = Dagana P. 68, fourth full paragraph, line 3: "...toallow fanners to harvest a normal crop and Figure 25)." !~ENEGALRIVHIBASMHEALTHMASLPZPLANST~Y CONTENTS ... Acknowledgements ............................................... xu1 Acronyms ...................................................... xv Preface ........................................................ xix ExecutiveSummary -
Distribution, Host Preference and Infection Rates of Malaria Vectors in Mauritania
Parasites & Vectors BioMed Central Short report Open Access Distribution, host preference and infection rates of malaria vectors in Mauritania Ibrahima Dia*1, Hampate Ba2, Sid Ahmed Ould Mohamed2, Diawo Diallo1, Baidy Lo2 and Mawlouth Diallo1 Address: 1Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, BP 220, Dakar, Senegal and 2Institut National de Recherches en Santé Publique, Nouakchott, Mauritania Email: Ibrahima Dia* - [email protected]; Hampate Ba - [email protected]; Sid Ahmed Ould Mohamed - [email protected]; Diawo Diallo - [email protected]; Baidy Lo - [email protected]; Mawlouth Diallo - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 4 December 2009 Received: 7 October 2009 Accepted: 4 December 2009 Parasites & Vectors 2009, 2:61 doi:10.1186/1756-3305-2-61 This article is available from: http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/2/1/61 © 2009 Dia et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract This study reports for the first time on the distribution, host preference and infection rates of malaria vectors in Mauritania. It was conducted during an outbreak of Rift valley fever. Three anopheline species were reported. An. arabiensis was the predominant species observed in all regions whereas An. pharoensis and An. funestus were observed along the south border in the Senegal River valley where extensive irrigation schemes are present. The distribution limits of anopheline species were observed from the Senegal River basin in the Trarza region up to the south limit of the Saharan desert in Tidjikja city.