Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Morocco: a Taxonomic Update and Standard Arabic Names

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Herpetology Notes, volume 14: 1-14 (2021) (published online on 08 January 2021)

Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Morocco: A taxonomic update and standard Arabic names

Abdellah Bouazza1,*, El Hassan El Mouden2, and Abdeslam Rihane3,4

Abstract. Morocco has one of the highest levels of biodiversity and endemism in the Western Palaearctic, which is mainly attributable to the country’s complex topographic and climatic patterns that favoured allopatric speciation. Taxonomic studies of Moroccan amphibians and reptiles have increased noticeably during the last few decades, including the recognition of new species and the revision of other taxa. In this study, we provide a taxonomically updated checklist and notes on nomenclatural changes based on studies published before April 2020. The updated checklist includes 130 extant species (i.e., 14 amphibians and 116 reptiles, including six sea turtles), increasing considerably the number of species compared to previous recent assessments. Arabic names of the species are also provided as a response to the demands of many Moroccan naturalists.

Keywords. North Africa, Morocco, Herpetofauna, Species list, Nomenclature

Introduction mya) led to a major faunal exchange (e.g., Blain et al., 2013; Mendes et al., 2017) and the climatic events that Morocco has one of the most varied herpetofauna occurred since Miocene and during Plio-Pleistocene in the Western Palearctic and the highest diversities (i.e., shift from tropical to arid environments) promoted of endemism and European relict species among allopatric speciation (e.g., Escoriza et al., 2006; Salvi North African reptiles (Bons and Geniez, 1996; et al., 2018). Pleguezuelos et al., 2010; del Mármol et al., 2019). The earliest studies on Moroccan herpetofauna were This is mainly because Morocco comprises several conducted during the first half of the 19th century (Busack, mountain chains (i.e., Rif and Atlas chains) that form 1976). At that time, the list of Moroccan amphibians distinct geographic barriers and divide the country into and reptiles included only about ten taxa (Gervais, many topographically and climatically complex regions 1836). Since the 1870’s, North Africa has witnessed a (Sobrino and Raissouni, 2000). Moreover, its contact growing interest in herpetology (e.g., Boettger, 1874, with Europe during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (~5.6 1883, 1885; Camerano, 1882; Boulenger, 1889, 1891). During the 20th century, various herpetological research projects have been developed in Morocco among which those with the aim of compiling species lists, providing illustrated keys and identification guides, and mapping 1 Biotechnology, Materials and Environment Laboratory, species distribution (e.g., Boulenger, 1919; Pellegrin, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, 1925; Guibé, 1950; Aellen, 1951; Saint-Girons, 1956; Agadir, Morocco. Pasteur and Bons, 1959, 1960; Bons and Girot, 1962; 2 Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climatic Changes, Mellado and Dakki, 1988; Bons and Geniez, 1996; Faculty of Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Semlalia, Schleich et al., 1996). From the outset of the current Marrakech, Morocco. century, and until today, systematic and phylogeographic 3 Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Centre Régional des Métiers de l’Education et la Formation oriented studies on Moroccan herpetofauna have (CRMEF) Casablanca-Settat, Casablanca, Morocco. experienced a noticeable increase (e.g., Carranza et 4 Laboratoire d’Ecologie et d’Environnement, Faculté des al., 2002; Vaconcelos et al., 2006; Crochet et al., 2008; Sciences Ben M’sik, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Barata et al., 2012; Vences et al., 2014; Lansari et al., Morocco. 2015; Nicolas et al., 2015; Martínez-Freiría et al., 2017). * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] This resulted in the description of several new taxa and © 2020 by Herpetology Notes. Open Access by CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. changes in the taxonomic status of many species, thus 2 Abdellah Bouazza et al. pointing to a need for regular updates of the Moroccan conclusions followed published decisions. herpetofaunal species list. Our taxonomic list was limited to the specific level During the last decade, Pleguezuelos et al. (2010) while recognising that the subspecies distinction is compiled a list of the Moroccan herpetofauna that maybe valid (e.g., Malpolon monspessulanus ssp.). included 114 species (i.e., 13 amphibians and 101 Authorship and year for family and species nomina, as reptiles including two regionally extinct species, and given in the checklist, have been cross-checked with excluding sea turtles) with the main aim of assessing numerous papers, books, and online resources (e.g., their national conservation status. Few years later, Frost, 2020; Uetz et al., 2020). Arabic names in the Beukema et al. (2013) reviewed the systematics, list are constructed and proposed based on scientific distribution, biogeography, and natural history of names, common names in English and French, and the Moroccan amphibians. Recently, del Mármol et al. encyclopaedia of Ghālib (1988); these names could be (2019) published a new book on Moroccan amphibians reviewed following constructive criticism from Arabic and reptiles, cataloguing 14 amphibians and 103 reptiles scholars. In some cases, Moroccan names (Arabic excluding sea turtles. Since then, a significant number dialect) used by local people are added to the list (e.g., of newly recognised species have been described (e.g., Snakes; Fahd and Pleguezuelos, 2001). Miralles et al., 2020). Herein, we present an updated checklist based on recent biogeographic and taxonomic Results data. Our goal is to provide an accessible and updated The present updated list of amphibians and reptiles reference list that serves as an important tool for of Morocco accounts for 130 extant species (Table 1). herpetologists and other researchers interested in the Amphibians are represented by 14 species belonging biodiversity of Morocco. to two orders (two urodeles and 12 anuran species), seven families, and 12 genera. The reptiles consist of Materials and methods 116 species belonging to two orders, 22 families, and We retained the same delimited geographical area as 54 genera; Chelonians include nine species, of which Bons and Geniez (1996) and del Mármol et al. (2019). six are sea Turtles, while Squamates comprise 107 To update our checklist of Moroccan herpetofauna, we species represented by Amphisbaenians (three species), based our analysis on the list of del Mármol et al. (2019) Ophidians (27 species), and Saurians that is the most as a starting point, with comments on the taxonomic speciose taxa with 80 species. status of particular species. For sea Turtles, which More than one-fourth (i.e., 26%) of the listed were not treated previously by several authors (e.g., herpetofaunal species are considered to be endemic to Pleguezuelos et al., 2010; del Mármol et al., 2019), Morocco, with amphibians and reptiles including two we based our analysis on the book of Bons and Geniez and 31 endemics respectively. The rate of endemism (1996). is highest in the family of Scincidae (nine endemic Our work focused on species and genus level species), followed by Sphaerodactylidae (eight species), changes, as well as some cases of particular interest Lacertidae (seven species), and Blanidae (two species); to the herpetological community. For species-level the remaining endemic species represent one family systematics, we followed the conception of Speybroeck each. et al. (2010) and Hillis (2019). In the main, we adhere to the “Biological Species Concept” and we prefer, Discussion for recognising a species, to put more emphasis on the Amphibians degree of extrinsic or intrinsic reproductive isolation, Endemic species rather than treating all evolutionary units as species. To do so, we considered molecular, morphological, Pelobates varaldii Pasteur and Bons, 1959 is an and ecological information, when available, as possible endemic species to Morocco, whereas Barbarophryne indicators to interpret the degree of isolation. In the brongersmai (Hoogmoed, 1972) and Alytes maurus absence of any information, we assumed that divergent Pasteur and Bons, 1962 are sub-endemics with some taxa, within the same genus and/or family, are better highly localised populations reported in Algeria by treated as valid species. Phylogenetic data were Mateo et al. (2013): B. brongersmai has been recently also considered for the classification of genus-level discovered in the Saharan Atlas of Algeria, while the systematics (Dubois, 2009), however, in most cases, our Hafir forest area in Algeria revealed A. maurus adults and Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Morocco 3 larvae (Jesús Peña and José A. Mateo, unpublished). The Agama boulengeri same authors indicated the presence of a relict population Boulenger’s Agama is genetically very distinct from of Discoglossus scovazzi Camerano, 1878 in the Saoura all other Agama species (Gonçalves et al., 2018). It Valley (Algeria), but this tentative identification was is an abundant species in rocky areas of Adrar Atar based entirely on the connectivity of the Saoura Valley of Mauritania and few kilometres from the extreme to “intermittent rivers originating in the Moroccan Atlas southeastern border of Moroccan Atlantic Sahara Mountains, where D. scovazzi is common”. However, a (Geniez et al., 2004). Because of its high abundance recent study by Vences et al. (2014) demonstrated that the areas of south-eastern Morocco that are connected in its habitat, it is highly probable that A. boulengeri to the Saoura valley (as the rest of the Moulouya basin) Lataste, 1886 occurs in Morocco (del Mármol et al., are inhabited by D. pictus Otth, 1837. The presence 2019). of D. scovazzi in Algeria is thus unlikely (or at least unproven) and the species should be treated as endemic Trapelus boehmei to Morocco for the time being. Wagner et al. (2011)�� investigated both molecular phylogeny and morphology of the North African Genus Sclerophrys Trapelus mutabilis complex and described a new species, Ohler and Dubois (2016) showed that the only Trapelus boehmei Wagner et al., 2011, which occurs in specimen of Sclerophrys capensis Tschudi, 1838, on Mauritania, Morocco, and Algeria. We provisionally which the original description was made, actually accept T. boehmei as valid because of highly divergent corresponds to Amietophrynus rangeri Hewitt, 1935. molecular and morphological traits of T. boehmei from Therefore, the genus name Sclerophrys (feminine) has other Trapelus species. priority over Amietophrynus. In the particular case of the Moorish toad and the Subsaharan toad, the correct Genus Uromastyx binomials are consequently Sclerophrys mauritanica All spiny-tailed lizards inhabiting Morocco have (Schlegel, 1841) and S. xeros (Tandy et al., 1976). long been considered as subspecies of Uromastyx Bufo spinosus. acanthinura Bell, 1825 due to their morphological North African populations of Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, similarity (Bons and Geniez, 1996). Later, Mateo et al. 1758) were previously attributed to B. b. spinosus Daudin, (1998) elevated U. a. flavifasciata to species rank and 1803 (Bons, 1972). Afterwards, a phylogeographic described a new species for Sahara: U. occidentalis. analysis of the B. bufo complex supported this Few years later, Wilms and Böhme (2000) recognised attribution (Garcia-Porta et al., 2012; Recuero et al., several species in the genus Uromastyx including three 2012) and Arntzen et al. (2013a) presented evidence of morphological and molecular divergence between B. from Morocco: U. flavifasciata, U. acanthinura, and bufo and B. spinosus. Arntzen et al. (2013b) proposed U. occidentalis. In their latest revision, Wilms et al. elevation of this toad to species level, moreover, they (2009) elevated U. nigriventris Rothschild and Hartert, showed that B. spinosus presents high genetic diversity 1912 to species rank and treated U. flavifasciata as in North Africa. Based on these studies, which underline a subspecies of U. dispar Heyden, 1827 based on the specific status of B. spinosus, we consider it as a molecular and morphological data. Moreover, they did valid species. not recognise any subspecies in U. acanthinura and assigned Moroccan and western Algerian populations Reptiles to U. nigriventris, which is distinguished from U. acanthinura (eastern Algeria - Tunisia) by being much Agama boueti more colourful, with vividly red, green, and citreous Agama boueti Chabanaud, 1917 is known as Sahelian coloured specimens. The southern distribution limits species (Trape et al., 2012a). Recently, several specimens of U. nigriventris in Morocco are the regions of Bas found in Adrar Settouf (Atlantic Sahara) were assigned Draa and Djebel Ouarkziz and is replaced by U. dispar to A. boueti based on morphological characters (Mediani in the Atlantic Sahara region. This treatment has been and Chevalier, 2016). This was confirmed genetically recently supported by the phylogenetic results of Tamar by Gonçalves et al. (2018) who included a sample from et al. (2018). Therefore, we retain U. nigriventris and U. Adrar Settouf region in their study. dispar as valid species. 4 Abdellah Bouazza et al.

Tarentola hoggarensis Saurodactylus brosseti complex Among the four known subspecies of Tarentola First described as the subspecies S. mauritanicus ephippiata O’shaughnessy, 1875, only T. e. hoggarensis brosseti and later raised to full species based on occurs in Atlantic Sahara. It was recorded in some morphological and molecular analysis (Rato and mountains and rocky areas in desert environments Harris, 2008). Recently, phylogenetic studies showed where it seems to be confined to Acacia trees (Bons and that S. brosseti complex presents four highly divergent Geniez, 1996; Geniez et al., 2000). This subspecies has and allopatric mitochondrial lineages (Rosado et al. been elevated to species rank as T. hoggarensis Werner, 2017). Later, Javanmardi et al. (2019) names these four 1937, based on molecular and morphological data lineages as full species mainly based on genetic data (Trape et al., 2012a). from Rosado et al. (2017) and provide data for new species from SE Morocco: S. brosseti (North clade), S. Tarentola parvicarinata elmoudenii (Anti-Atlas clade), S. harrisii (South clade), S. slimanii (East clade) and S. splendidus (Southeast Tarentola parvicarinata Joger, 1980 is distributed clade). These species share pholidotic and meristic across the westernmost areas of West Africa, from the characters and colour patterns, except S. splendidus Adrar of Mauritania to Mali and northern Guinea, and that seems to have a unique colour pattern. The only has been reported in the region around Gueltat Zemmour known contact zone between all clades is the coastal (Trape et al., 2012a). Given its abundance around Adrar area around Agadir, where S. brosseti and S. harrisii Atar in Mauritania, close to Moroccan borders, Geniez overlap. However, there is very little haplotype sharing et al. (2004) assumed that its distribution, in isolated between these lineages (Rosado et al., 2017). The new populations, could be extended to the region of Adrar specific arrangement of the Moroccan lizard-fingered Souttouf. However, actual presence of this species in geckos can be accepted, because of its highly molecular these areas requires confirmation. divergence and monophyly. However, further studies are needed to clarify the extent of gene flow in potential Genus Stenodactylus contact zones, the morphological differentiation, the Gekkonid lizards of the genus Stenodactylus contains, distribution limits and additional specimens of isolated at least, 13 recognised species (Baha El Din, 2006; populations. Metallinou et al., 2012). Stenodactylus sthenodactylus (Lichtenstein, 1823) and S. petrii Anderson, 1896 occur Acanthodactylus erythrurus complex from the Middle East across North Africa to Morocco. In Acanthodactylus erythrurus (Schinz, 1833) species Morocco, S. petrii is considered the most psammophilous complex is widespread across the Mediterranean and Saharan gecko and it is found in the large dune areas semiarid habitats of the Iberian Peninsula and the and small sandy wadis in the Atlantic Sahra, while S. Maghreb. Historically, this species has been represented sthenodactylus is widespread over the whole area, in Morocco by three subspecies based on morphological including the coasts, mainly in less sandy places (Bons characters (Pasteur and Bons, 1960; Bons and and Geniez, 1996). The latter species contained two Girot, 1962): A. e. belli Gray 1845, A. e. atlanticus subspecies (S. s. mauritanicus and S. s. sthenodactylus) Boulenger, 1918 and A. e. lineomaculatus Duméril both occurring in Morocco, however, Metallinou et al. and Bibron, 1839. Bons and Geniez (1995) treated A. (2012) found S. mauritanicus Guichenot, 1850 and S. lineomaculatus as a valid species and recognised two sthenodactylus to be reciprocally monophyletic and subspecies in erythrurus group from Morocco (A. e. highly divergent. Moreover, the two sister species seem belli and A. e. atlanticus). However, recent molecular morphologically, ecologically (Baha El Din, 2006), studies do not support this taxonomic treatment (Harris and genetically distinct (Metallinou et al., 2012). S. et al., 2004; Fonseca et al., 2009) and recovered that mauritanicus is restricted to fairly mesic coastal semi- erythrurus group is paraphyletic with A. blanci and A. deserts under the influence of the Mediterranean, while lineomaculatus (Tamar et al., 2016). Recently, Miralles S. sthenodactylus inhabits areas of the Sahara that are et al. (2020) described two new endemic species to the far more arid. Moroccan Atlas in this species complex: A. lacrymae (Isli and Tislit) and A. montanus (Jbel Siroua and Tizi n’Tichka). According to this study, A. erythrurus, A. Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Morocco 5 lacrymae and A. montanus are three well-supported and A. taghitensis are reciprocally monophylyletic. The evolutionary units in the Spiny-footed lizard complex populations from Fderik and Bir Moghreïn (Mauritania) from Morocco. Analyses of morphological and genetic were attributed to A. taghitensis (Tamar et al., 2016). variation in the contact zone demonstrated complete Most recently, del Mármol et al. (2019) reported the reproductive isolation and hence speciation between species at 5 km far from the Moroccan borders with the nominate species and the two new endemic species Mauritania and suggested the presence of Taghit Fringe- from the Moroccan Atlas. However, further data will be Fingered lizard in Moroccan Atlantic Sahara. needed to fully resolve the gene flow and the distribution limits in this species complex. Myriopholis algeriensis Myriopholis algeriensis (Jacquet, 1896) has Acanthodactylus pardalis group been previously synonymised with Leptotyphlops The Acanthodactylus pardalis species-group is macrorhynchus (Jan, 1862) (e.g., Boulenger, 1919; currently divided into seven species (Tamar et al., 2016). Bons and Geniez, 1996), and listed in Pleguezuelos et al. In Morocco, this species complex has been separated (2010) as L. algeriensis (Jacquet, 1896). Adalsteinsson into two lineages, based on morphological characters et al. (2009) conducted a global phylogenetic analysis of (Bons and Geniez, 1996; Schleich et al., 1996): A. leptotyphlopids and established the genus Myriopholis maculatus (Gray, 1838) from northeastern and central that includes the North African worm snakes. Bouazza Morocco, and A. busacki Salvador, 1982 from southern et al. (2018) reviewed the distribution of the species in Morocco, especially along the Atlantic coast between North Africa and mentioned several new records from Tamri and Cape Boujdour (Bons and Geniez, 1996; Morocco. Tamar et al., 2017). Recently, the phylogenetics of the pardalis species-group (Tamar et al., 2016) confirmed Boaedon fuliginosus that A. maculatus complex is represented by two The African house snakes were formerly placed in paraphyletic species (A. bedriagai Lataste, 1881 and the genus Lamprophis (e.g., Bons and Geniez, 1996; A. maculatus) and revealed a deep genetic divergence Schleich et al., 1996). Kelly et al. (2011) examined the within the nominal species A. busacki from Morocco. phylogeny of the family Lamprophiidae and recovered Therefore, the nomen A. busacki was assigned to the the genus as polyphyletic. The same authors resurrected southern lineage, known from the northern Saharan the genus Boaedon, which currently includes 18 species Atlantic coastal desert, from Guelmim to Dakhla according to Uetz et al. (2020). Moreover, Kelly et al. (Tamar et al., 2017). The newly described species, A. (2011) demonstrated extensive genetic variation in the margaritae Tamar et al., 2017 is assigned to the northern widespread species Boaedon fuliginosus (Boie, 1827), lineage from Tiznit to Tamri. Given the highly genetic suggesting the presence of several cryptic species. Based and morphological divergence, we support the authors’ on the available data, relict populations from Morocco choice for the existence of two separate lineages within can be classified as B. fuliginosus, nevertheless, A. busacki. additional genetic and morphological analyses are needed to clarify the taxonomic status of this group. Acanthodactylus scutellatus group Tamar et al. (2016) investigated the phylogeography Malpolon monspessulanus and M. insignitus of A. scutellatus group, which is currently represented Carranza et al. (2006) split the Montpellier snake into by seven species. Moroccan species A. aureus Günther, an eastern and a western species based on molecular 1903, A. longipes Boulenger, 1918 and A. taghitensis and morphological data. The western species retains the Geniez and Foucart, 1995 are monophyletic. The name Malpolon monspessulanus (Hermann, 1804) and nominate species A. scutellatus (Audouin, 1827) is occurs in the major part of Morocco, and the eastern divided into two reciprocally monophyletic lineages species becomes M. insignitus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, corresponding to two subspecies, A. s. scutellatus 1827). However, the limit between the two species in (Egypt and Sinai Peninsula) and A. s. audouini (North- Morocco is not very clear (Carranza et al., 2006), and west Africa). Genetic analyses confirmed the presence Mediani et al. (2015) expected the Moulouya valley to of the subspecies A. s. audouini in Morocco from south act as a barrier between these two species. Analyses of of Zagora (Tamar et al., 2016). Additionally, A. aureus morphological and genetic variation in contact zones 6 Abdellah Bouazza et al. are needed to improve the understanding of the genus morphological and molecular level, we consider two Malpolon in Morocco. species of Macroprotodon occurring in Morocco: M. brevis for the populations distributed throughout most Malpolon moilensis of the country and Atlantic Sahara, and M. abubakeri in the extreme northeast (see also Wade, 2001; Carranza Some authors have criticised the inclusion of the et al., 2004). Moila Snake in the genus Malpolon, and Böhme and De Pury (2011) presented morphological evidence Telescopus tripolitanus for its allocation in the genus Rhagerhis. However, Figueroa et al. (2016) transferred the species back to Earlier Telescopus records from Morocco have been the genus Malpolon, owing to the fact that the species called T. dhara (Forskal, 1775) or T. guidimakaensis forms a monophyletic clade with Malpolon. Note that (Chabanaud, 1916) (e.g., Geniez et al. 2004; Pleguezuelos two previous studies (Vidal et al., 2008; Böhme and et al., 2010) while T. tripolitanus (Werner, 1909) was De Pury, 2011), “inaccurately” cite Kelly et al. (2008) treated as a “nomen dubium” (fide Crochet et al., 2008). as providing evidence for their separation. We follow However, Crochet et al. (2008) demonstrated that this Figueroa et al. (2016) for the position of the Moila is the valid name applicable to western members of Snake within Malpolon, even though few recent authors the T. dhara complex. A recent phylogeny of the genus (e.g., Bauer et al., 2017; Carranza et al., 2018) seem to Telescopus based on a multilocus dataset confirmed the follow that arrangement. specific status of T. tripolitanus and determined more precisely its distribution (Šmíd et al., 2019). Dasypeltis sahelensis Natrix astreptophora Before the description of Dasypeltis sahelensis Trape and Mané, 2006, relict populations from Morocco Natrix natrix (sensu lato) was considered as the were known as D. scabra (Linnaeus, 1758). Recently, most widely distributed snake in the Palearctic with Crochet et al. (2015) reported that four specimens found several recognised subspecies. One of them, N. natrix between Tiznit and Sidi Ifni exhibited the morphological astreptophora (Seoane, 1884) occur in the Iberian characters of D. sahelensis. Two of these specimens Peninsula and North Africa. Recently, Pokrant et were subsequently sequenced by Trape et al. (2012b), al. (2016) found that N. n. astreptophora is highly confirming the morphological attribution. divergent from N. n. helvetica in molecular markers and morphology and proposed its elevation to specific Genus Macroprotodon rank as N. astreptophora (Seoane, 1884). Kindler et al. (2018) further investigated the phylogeography The genus Macroprotodon was previously considered of the Red-eyed grass snake (N. astreptophora) in as monospecific, with the single species Macroprotodon southwestern Europe and North Africa, using mtDNA cucullatus (Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 1827) and four and microsatellite loci. Their results demonstrate that subspecies among which three occur in Morocco (Bons N. astreptophora shows pronounced phylogeographic and Geniez, 1996). Wade (2001) restricted M. cucullatus structuring, with one genetic lineage in the Iberian to the populations of Saharan environments from Peninsula and adjacent France and another one in southern Tunisia to the Sinai Peninsula with isolated Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. Moreover, the North populations in Atlantic Sahara, and elevated to species African populations might be genetically more diverse rank M. brevis (Günther, 1862) for most of Morocco and and comprise two deeply divergent and well-supported the Iberian Peninsula, and M. mauritanicus Guichenot, clades, one corresponding to Moroccan snakes and the 1850 for the north of Algeria and Tunisia. He also other to snakes from Algeria and Tunisia. described a new species M. abubakeri Wade, 2001 from northeastern Morocco and western Algeria. Carranza Echis pyramidum et al. (2004) suggested six species (M. abubakeri, brevis, cucullatus, ibericus, mauritanicus, and textilis), Despite clear differences in colour patterns (Hughes, however, only the distinct identity of M. abubakeri, M. 1976), low genetic divergence was found between brevis, and M. mauritanicus were confirmed. Therefore, Echis leucogaster Roman, 1972 and E. pyramidum Macroprotodon taxonomy remains problematic. (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1827) (Pook et al., 2009). Nevertheless, based on available data, both on the As a consequence, E. leucogaster has been treated as Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Morocco 7 a subspecies of E. pyramidum by some authors (e.g., monticola by Beerli et al. (1986). This taxonomic status Sindaco et al. 2013 ; Geniez, 2015) but not others (e.g., of the High Atlas populations is supported by Brito et al. Pleguezuelos et al., 2010; Trape and Mané, 2015). (2006, 2008). However, recent molecular analysis does Following Sindaco et al. (2013) and Geniez (2015), not support this taxonomic classification, suggesting we treat Atlantic Sahara populations of White-Bellied that the dwarf Atlas vipers are an ecotype of V. latastei Carpet viper, including those from Morocco, as E. adapted to high altitudes (Velo-Antón et al., 2012). pyramidum leucogaster. Other phylogeographical and ecological studies suggest a revaluation of the specific status of V. monticola Vipera latastei-monticola complex (Freitas et al., 2018). Consequently, the taxonomy of the complex Vipera latastei-monticola requires a revision The Western Mediterranean Vipera latastei Boscá, and populations from Iberia and North Africa must be 1878 is distributed across the Iberian Peninsula and recognised as distinct (Freitas et al., 2020). For now we Northern Maghreb (Mateo et al., 2009). Based on consider V. monticola as valid species until evaluation morphological traits, populations from the High extent of gene flow within North African clades. Atlas Mountains of Morocco were first described as Species with an actual presence within considered a different subspecies, V. latastei monticola (Saint- area requiring confirmation. In the present list, Girons, 1953) and later elevated to species rank, V. some species are considered as part of the Moroccan

Table 1. Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Morocco. Changes compared to del Mármol et al. (2019) are underlined. * = Table 1. Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Morocco (Western Sahara included). Changes compared to del Mármol et al. (2019) are underlined. * = Endemics; ** = sub-endemics; *** = Endemics;actual presence ** of = the sub-endemics; species within the considered *** = areaactual requiring presence confirmation. of the species within the considered area requiring confirmation.

Species English name / French name / Arabic name (Moroccan name) Amphibians Order: Urodela Family: Salamandridae Goldfuss, 1820 ل واPleurodeles waltl Michahelles, 1830 Sharp-ribbed Salamander / Pleurodèles de Waltl /  ل  ّرSalamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 North African Fire Salamander / Salamandre tachetée /  Order: Anura Family: Alytidae Fitzinger, 1843 اام Alytes maurus Pasteur and Bons, 1962 ** Moroccan Midwife Toad / Crapaud accoucheur marocain /  ع ن Discoglossus scovazzi Camerano, 1878 * Moroccan Painted Frog / Discoglosse Peint du Maroc /  ع ن Discoglossus pictus Otth, 1837 Painted Frog / Discoglosse peint /  Family: Bufonidae Gray, 1825 م و Barbarophryne brongersmai (Hoogmoed, 1972) ** Brongersma's Toad / Crapaud de Brongersma / ْ ْ م Bufo spinosus Daudin, 1803 Spiny Toad / Crapaud épineux /  م أ رBufotes boulengeri (Lataste, 1879) African Green Toad / Crapaud vert d’Afrique du Nord /  م رSclerophrys mauritanica (Schlegel, 1841) Moorish Toad / Crapaud de Maurétanie /  م اSclerophrys xeros (Tandy et al., 1976) *** Savannah Toad / Crapaud de savane /  Family: Dicroglossidae Anderson, 1871 ع أدرار / Hoplobatrachus occipitalis (Günther, 1858) *** Crowned Bullfrog / Grenouille de l'Adrar Family: Hylidae Rafinesque, 1815 ع ا اHyla meridionalis Boettger, 1874 Mediterranean Tree Frog / Rainette méridionale /  Family: Pelobatidae Bonaparte, 1850 م م ا اPelobates varaldii Pasteur and Bons, 1959 * Moroccan Spadefoot Toad / Pélobate marocain /  Family: Ranidae Batsch, 1796 ع أ رPelophylax saharicus (Boulenger in Hartert, 1913) Sahara Green Frog / Grenouille verte d'Afrique du Nord /  Reptiles Order: Chelonii Family : Testudinidae Batsch, 1788 ة Testudo graeca Linnaeus, 1758 Mediterranean Spur-Thighed Tortoise / Tortue grecque /  Family : Emydidae Rafinesque, 1815 ة اه ا اوروEmys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) European Pond Turtle / Cistude d'Europe /  Family : Geoemydidae Theobald, 1868 ة اه ا اMauremys leprosa (Schweigger, 1812) Mediterranean Turtle / Emyde lépreuse /  Family : Cheloniidae Oppel, 1811 ة ا  اأس / Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) Loggerhead Sea Turtle / Tortue Caouanne

8 Abdellah Bouazza et al.

Table 1. Continued.

Species English name / French name / Arabic name (Moroccan name) ة ا اا ء / Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) Green Sea Turtle / Tortue verte ة ا  ا ر / Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766) Hawksbill Sea Turtle / Tortue imbriquée ة ا اLepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829) Olive Ridley Sea Turtle / Tortue olivâtre /  ة  اLepidochelys kempii Garman, 1880 Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle / Tortue de Kemp /  Family: Dermochelyidae Fitzinger, 1843 ة   اDermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761) Leatherback Sea Turtle / Tortue luth /  Order: Squamata Suborder: Lacertilia Family : Agamidae Spix, 1825 ءة Agama impalearis Boettger, 1874 Bibron's Agama / Agame de Bibron /  ءة Agama boueti Chabanaud, 1917 Bouet’s Agama / Agame de Bouet /  ءة Agama boulengeri Lataste, 1886 *** Boulenger’s Agama / Agame de Boulenger/  ءة ھTrapelus boehmei Wagner et al., 2011 Böhme's Agama / Agame de Böhme /   داUromastyx dispar Heyden, 1827 Sudan Spiny-tailed Lizard / Fouette-queue à bandes jaunes /  Uromastyx nigriventris Rothschild and Hartert, 1912 Moroccan Spiny-tailed Lizard / Fouette-queue marocain /   Uromastyx occidentalis Mateo et al., 1998 */*** Western Giant Spiny-tailed Lizard / Fouette-queue occidental géant /    Family: Chamaeleonidae Rafinesque, 1815 ﺣء Chamaeleo chamaeleon (Linnaeus, 1758) Common Chameleon / Caméléon commun /  Family: Phyllodactylidae Gamble et al., 2008 ص أودري / Ptyodactylus oudrii Lataste, 1880 Oudri's Fan-footed Gecko / Gecko d'Oudri ص ھTarentola boehmei Joger, 1984 * Böhme's Gecko / Tarente de Böhme /  ص ﺣTarentola annularis (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1827) Ringed Wall Gecko / Tarente annelée /  ص ّ ذ / Tarentola chazaliae (Mocquard, 1895) Helmeted Gecko / Gecko casqué ص ااء / Tarentola deserti Boulenger, 1891 Desert Wall Gecko / Tarente du désert ص ار / Tarentola hoggarensis Werner, 1937 Hoggar Wall Gecko / Tarente du Hoggar رص / Tarentola mauritanica (Linnaeus, 1758) Moorish Wall Gecko / Tarente de Maurétanie ص Tarentola parvicarinata Joger, 1980 *** White-spotted Wall Gecko / Tarente mouchetée / ّ Family: Gekkonidae Gray, 1825 ص اHemidactylus angulatus Hallowell, 1854 *** Brook’s House-Gecko / Gecko africain commun /   ص Hemidactylus turcicus (Linnaeus, 1758) Turkish Gecko / Gecko turc /  ص ر رStenodactylus mauritanicus Guichenot, 1850 Northern Elegant Gecko / Sténodactyle de Mauritanie /  ص ر أStenodactylus sthenodactylus (Lichtenstein, 1823) Elegant Gecko / Sténodactyle commun /  ص ي اStenodactylus petrii Anderson, 1896 Petrie's Gecko / Sténodactyle de Petrie /  ص اي / Tropiocolotes algericus Loveridge, 1947 Algerian Sand Gecko / Gecko d'Algérie ص طاTropiocolotes tripolitanus Peters, 1880 Tripoli dwarf Gecko / Gecko de Tripolitaine /  Family: Sphaerodactylidae Underwood, 1954 ص  ان / Quedenfeldtia moerens (Chabanaud, 1916) * Moroccan Day Gecko / Gecko à paupières épineuses ص اط اري / Quedenfeldtia trachyblepharus (Boettger, 1874) * Atlas Day Gecko / Gecko diurne de l'Atlas مص  راSaurodactylus mauritanicus (Duméril and Bibron, 1836) Mauritanian Lizard-fingered Gecko / Saurodactyle de Mauritanie /  ص أد ام / Saurodactylus brosseti Bons and Pasteur, 1957 * Moroccan Lizard-fingered Gecko / Saurodactyle de Brosset ص ھر ام / Saurodactylus harrisii Javanmardi et al., 2019 * Harris’s Lizard-fingered Gecko / Saurodactyle de Harris ص  ام / Saurodactylus slimanii Javanmardi et al., 2019 * Slimani’s Lizard-fingered Gecko / Saurodactyle de Slimani ص دن ام / Saurodactylus elmoudenii Javanmardi et al., 2019 * Elmouden’s Lizard-fingered Gecko / Saurodactyle d’Elmouden مص ھSaurodactylus splendidus Javanmardi et al., 2019 * Spendens’s Lizard-fingered Gecko / Saurodactyle Splendide /  ص م ّ ق / Saurodactylus fasciatus Werner, 1931 * Banded Lizard-fingered Gecko / Saurodactyle à bandes Family: Varanidae Hardwicke and Gray, 1827 ورل ااء / Varanus griseus (Daudin, 1803) Desert Monitor / Varan du désert Family: Anguidae Gray, 1825 ُ ُف Hyalosaurus koellikeri (Günther, 1873) Moroccan Glass Lizard / Orvet du Maroc /  Family: Lacertidae Batsch, 1788  ذھ ھ اAcanthodactylus aureus Günther, 1903 Golden Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle doré /    ھ اAcanthodactylus boskianus (Daudin, 1802) Bosk's Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle rugueux /   دو ھ اAcanthodactylus dumerilii (Milne-Edwards, 1829) Duméril's Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle de Duméril /  ھ  اAcanthodactylus erythrurus (Schinz, 1833) Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle commun /     ھ اAcanthodactylus lacrymae Miralles et al., 2020 * Tislit Spiny-footed Lizard/ Acanthodactyle de Tislit/   ھ وا اAcanthodactylus montanus Miralles et al., 2020 * Jebel Siroua Spiny-footed lizard/ Acanthodactyle de Siroua/   ط ھ اAcanthodactylus longipes Boulenger, 1918 Long Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle à longs pieds /   ر ھ اAcanthodactylus margaritae Tamar et al., 2017 * Margarita's Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle de Margarita /  زاك ھ اAcanthodactylus busacki Salvador, 1982 ** Busack’s Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle de Busack /    ھ اAcanthodactylus maculatus (Gray, 1838) Spotted Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle tacheté /   أودوان ھ اAcanthodactylus scutellatus (Audouin, 1827) *** Audouin’s Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle d’Audouin /    ھ اAcanthodactylus taghitensis Geniez and Foucart, 1995 *** Taghit Fringe-fingered Lizard / Acanthodactyle de Taghit /

Species English name / French name / Arabic name (Moroccan name)  ن اMesalina simoni (Boettger, 1881) * Simon's Desert Racer / Erémias de Simon /   رMesalina guttulata (Lichtenstein, 1823) Small-spotted Lizard / Erémias à gouttelettes /    أو اMesalina olivieri (Audouin, 1829) Olivier's Sand Lizard / Erémias d'Olivier /   ر اMesalina pasteuri (Bons, 1960) Pasteur's Lizard / Erémias de Pasteur /   ر اء اMesalina rubropunctata (Lichtenstein, 1823) Red-spotted Lizard / Erémias à points rouges /  ﻧ أرﻧAtlantolacerta andreanskyi (Werner, 1929) * Andreansky's Lizard / Lézard d'Andreansky /   اﻧPodarcis vaucheri (Boulenger, 1905) Andalusian Wall Lizard / Lézard hispanique d'Afrique du Nord /   ذات ﻧرات / Scelarcis perspicillata (Duméril and Bibron, 1839) Menorca Wall Lizard / Lézard à lunettes   اناOphisops occidentalis (Boulenger, 1887) Western Snake-eyed Lizard / Ophisops occidental /   Timon tangitanus (Boulenger, 1889) * Moroccan Ocellated Lizard / Lézard ocellé du Maroc /    واة اPsammodromus algirus (Linnaeus, 1758) Large Psammodromus / Psammodrome algire /  واة ﻧPsammodromus blanci (Lataste, 1880) Blank's Psammodromus / Psammodrome de Blanc /  واة اء / Psammodromus microdactylus (Boettger, 1881) * Green Psammodromus / Psammodrome vert Family: Scincidae Oppel, 1811  ي / Chalcides boulengeri Anderson, 1896 Boulenger's Feylinia / Sphénops de Boulenger  دوChalcides delislei (Lataste and Tremeau de Rochebrune, 1876) Delisle's Wedge-snouted Skink / Seps de Delisle /  ﻧ رChalcides mauritanicus (Duméril and Bibron, 1839) Two-fingered Skink / Seps de Mauritanie /  Chalcides pseudostriatus Caputo, 1993 * Moroccan Three-toed Skink / Seps strié du Maroc /    ﻧ نChalcides mionecton (Boettger, 1874) * Mionecton Skink / Seps mionecton /  Chalcides sphenopsiformis (Duméril, 1856) Duméril's Wedge-snouted Skink / Seps occidental /     اChalcides minutus Caputo, 1993 * Small Three-toed Skink / Petit Seps tridactyle /  ر Chalcides ocellatus (Forsskal, 1775) Ocellated Skink / Eumécès ocellé /  ر ازي اط / Chalcides parallelus Doumergue, 1901 Chafarinas' Skink / Seps à lignes parallèles ر اChalcides colosii Lanza, 1957 * Colosi's Cylindrical Skink / Seps du Rif /  ر إChalcides ebneri Werner, 1931 * / *** Ebner's Skink / Seps d'Ebner /  ر اط اChalcides lanzai Pasteur, 1967 * Lanza's skink / Seps du Moyen Atlas /  ر Chalcides manueli Hediger, 1935 * Manuel's Skink / Seps de Manuel /  ر اط اChalcides montanus Werner, 1931 * Mountain Skink / Seps du Haut Atlas /  ر  ااChalcides polylepis Boulenger, 1890 * Many-scaled Cylindrical Skink / Seps à écailles nombreuses /  ر اي / Eumeces algeriensis Peters, 1864 Algerian Skink / Eumécès d'Algérie (Cherchmana) قر Scincopus fasciatus (Peters, 1864) *** Banded Skink / Seps fascié / ّ ( (Cherchmanaر أ اطScincus albifasciatus Boulenger, 1890 Sandfish / Seps à bandes blanches /   ون ااTrogonophis wiegmanni Kaup, 1830 Checkerboard Worm Lizard / Trogonophis de Wiegmann /  Family: Blanidae Kearney, 2003 ( (Al-Hayya Al-âamya دا طBlanus tingitanus Busack, 1988 * Tangier Worm Lizard / Amphisbène de Tanger /  ( (Al-Hayya Al-âamya داBlanus mettetali Bons, 1963 * Moroccan Worm Lizard / Amphisbène de Mettetal /   Suborder: Serpentes Family: Leptotyphlopidae Stejneger, 1892 ( (Hanch doudaن  اي / Myriopholis algeriensis (Jacquet, 1895) Beaked Thread-snake / Leptotyphlops d'Algérie Family: Boidae Gray, 1825 ( (Al-Hayya Addaffanaا ال اEryx jaculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Javelin Sand Boa / Boa javelot /  Family: Lamprophiidae Fitzinger, 1843 ( (Hanch Boumliss إBoaedon fuliginosus (Boie, 1827) African House Snake / Couleuvre commune d'Afrique /   Malpolon insignitus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1827) Eastern Montpellier Snake / Couleuvre de Montpellier orientale /    (Hanch Bouneffakh) Malpolon monspessulanus (Hermann, 1804) Montpellier Snake / Couleuvre de Montpellier /    (Hanch Bouneffakh) ( (Boussekka Trabi اى اذMalpolon moilensis (Reuss, 1834) Moila Snake / Couleuvre de Moïla /  ( (Hanch Bouzerrig or Az-Zerrig ا اراPsammophis schokari (Forskal, 1775) Schokari Sand Racer / Couleuvre de Schokar /   Family: Colubridae Oppel, 1811  أCoronella girondica (Daudin, 1803) Southern Smooth Snake / Couleuvre girondine /   آ اDasypeltis sahelensis Trape and Mané, 2006 Sahel Egg Eater / Couleuvre mangeuse d'œufs du Sahel /   (  (Bo-laflouss or Bo-lamrayateوة ان ااي / Hemorrhois algirus (Jan, 1863) Algerian Whip Snake / Couleuvre algire (  (Bo-laflouss or Bo-lamrayateوة ان اHemorrhois hippocrepis (Linnaeus, 1758) Horseshoe Whip Snake / Couleuvre fer-à-cheval /  ّ ر ّج / Lytorhynchus diadema (Duméril et al., 1854) Awl-headed Snake / Couleuvre fouisseuse à diadème  أMacroprotodon abubakeri Wade, 2001 Abubaker's False Smooth Snake / Couleuvre à capuchons d'Abubaker /   ذو Macroprotodon brevis (Günther, 1862) Western False Smooth Snake / Couleuvre à capuchons occidentale /    رد اّ ج / Spalerosophis diadema (Schlegel, 1837) Diadem Snake / Couleuvre à diadème de Clifford (ّ   (Mo irfaneج رSpalerosophis dolichospilus (Werner, 1923) Werner’s Diadem Snake / Couleuvre à diadème du Maghreb /    ا رTelescopus tripolitanus (Werner, 1909) North African Catsnake / Couleuvre-chat à tête noire /  ( (Hench lma اء / Natrix maura (Linnaeus, 1758) Viperine Water Snake / Couleuvre vipérine (Hench lma) اء أ ان / Natrix astreptophora (Seoane, 1884) Red-eyed grass snake / Couleuvre astreptophore

Species English name / French name / Arabic name (Moroccan name) Family: Viperidae Oppel, 1811 (Lafâa Mo-nareb) أBitis arietans (Merrem, 1820) Puff Adder / Vipère heurtante /   (Lafâa Mo-lagroune) أ ء / Cerastes cerastes (Linnaeus, 1758) Desert Horned Viper / Vipère à cornes (Lafâa Er-remla or Lfartassa) أَ َ ء / Cerastes vipera (Linnaeus, 1758) Sahara Sand Viper / Vipère de l'erg (Lafâa mauritania) أ رDaboia mauritanica (Gray, 1849) Moorish Viper / Vipère de Maurétanie /  (Lafâa Assa) أ اھام / Echis pyramidum (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1827) White-Bellied Carpet Viper / Echide à ventre blanc (Lafâa Mo-niff) طأVipera latastei Boscá, 1878 Lataste's Viper / Vipère de Lataste /   (Lafâa Mo-niff) أ اطVipera monticola Saint Girons, 1953 * Atlas Dwarf Viper / Vipère de l'Atlas /  Family: Elapidae Boie, 1827 ( (Boussekka or Cobraا Naja haje (Linnaeus, 1758) Egyptian Cobra / Cobra d'Afrique du Nord / 

.  Abdellah Bouazza et alرد اّ ج / Spalerosophis diadema (Schlegel, 1837) Diadem Snake / Couleuvre à diadème de Clifford 10 (ّ   (Mo irfaneج رSpalerosophis dolichospilus (Werner, 1923) Werner’s Diadem Snake / Couleuvre à diadème du Maghreb /    ا رTelescopus tripolitanus (Werner, 1909) North African Catsnake / Couleuvre-chat à tête noire /  Table 1. Continued. ( (Hench lma اء / Natrix maura (Linnaeus, 1758) Viperine Water Snake / Couleuvre vipérine (Hench lma) اء أ ان / Natrix astreptophora (Seoane, 1884) Red-eyed grass snake / Couleuvre astreptophore

herpetofauna even though no recent observations have References confirmed their existence; two of these species are only Adalsteinsson, S.A., Branch, W.R., Trape, S., Vitt, L.J., Hedges, S.B. known from Morocco: Uromastyx occidentalis and (2009): Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography Chalcides ebneri Werner, 1931. An assessment of their of snakes of the Family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata). current status is therefore of paramount importance to Zootaxa 2244(1): 1–50. conservation. Scincopus fasciatus (Peters, 1864) is a Aellen, V. (1951): Contribution à l’herpétologie du Maroc. Bulletin widespread Sahelian species with some populations de la Société des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc 31: 153–199. Arntzen, J.W., McAtear, J., Recuero, E., Ziermann, J.M., Ohler, in the Sahara (e.g., Mauritania; Vicent-Castelló et al., A., van Alphen, J., Martínez-Solano, I. (2013a): Morphological 2018). It has been cited once in the Merzouga region and genetic differentiation of Bufo toads: two cryptic species in in 1970 (Bons and Geniez, 1996), but there is no Western Europe (Anura, Bufonidae). Contributions to Zoology supporting evidence, and its status in Morocco should 82(4): 147–169. be carefully revised. The absence of these three reptile Arntzen, J.W., Recuero, E., Canestrelli, D., Martínez-Solano, species from recent herpetological surveys could be I. (2013b): How complex is the Bufo bufo species group? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 69(3): 1203–1208. explained by their extreme rarity (Bons and Geniez, Baha El Din, S. (2006): A Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of 1996), and their highly localised occurrence. Finally, Egypt. Cairo, Egypt, The American University in Cairo Press. two species of amphibians (i.e., Sclerophrys xeros and Barata, M., Perera, A., Martínez-Freiría, F., Harris, D.J. (2012): Hoplobatrachus occipitalis) and several reptiles species Cryptic diversity within the Moroccan endemic day geckos (see *** in Table 1), were retained in this list because Quedenfeldtia (Squamata: Gekkonidae): a multidisciplinary they have been reported from the extreme south of approach using genetic, morphological and ecological data. Morocco, close to the borders with Mauritania (see del Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 106(4): 828–850. Bauer, A.M., DeBoer, J.C., Taylor, D.J. (2017): Atlas of the reptiles Mármol et al., 2019), however, their presence needs of Libya. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences to be confirmed by future investigations (Brito et al., 64(8): 155–318. 2016), especially for amphibians because the area where Beerli, P., Billing, H., Schätti, B. (1986): Taxonomischer status they were reported lacks suitable habitats. von Vipera latasti monticola Saint Girons 1953 (Serpentes, Viperidae). Salamandra 22(2-3): 101–104. Acknowledgements. The authors are grateful to Richard Brown Beukema, W., de Pous, P., Donaire-Barroso, D., Bogaerts, S., from the Liverpool University and Marco Sassoè-Pognetto from Garcia-Porta, J., Escoriza, D., et al. (2013): Review of the Torino University for correcting the English of the manuscript. system atics, distribution, biogeography and natural history of Thanks to the comments of the editor and three anonymous Moroccan amphibians. Zootaxa 3661(1): 1–60. referees. Blain, H.-A., Agustí, J., López-García, J.M., Haddoumi, H., Aouraghe, H., El Hammouti, K., et al. (2013): Amphibians and squamate reptiles from the late Miocene (Vallesian) of eastern Morocco (Guefaït-1, Jerada Province). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33(4): 804–816. Boettger, O. (1874): Reptilien von Marocco und von den Canarischen Inseln - I. Uebersicht der von Herren Dr C. von Fritsch und Dr J.J. Rein im jahre 1872 in Marocco Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Morocco 11

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Accepted by Idriss Bouam