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Three New Species of Acidiostigma Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae) and an Updated Key to Species from the Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental Regions

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Three New Species of Acidiostigma Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae) and an Updated Key to Species from the Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental Regions Zootaxa 4092 (3): 401–413 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4092.3.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2B6BCA53-CFE9-4FF6-9AED-F6F4474DCF4A Three new species of Acidiostigma Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae) and an updated key to species from the eastern Palaearctic and Oriental Regions XIAOLIN CHEN1,4, LIJIE ZHANG2 & MINGSHUI ZHAO3 1Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2Beijing Inspection and Quarantine Testing Center, Beijing 100026, China. E-mail: [email protected] 3Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve, Zhejiang 310000, China. E-mail: [email protected] 4Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Three new species of Acidiostigma Hendel from China are described and illustrated. The new species are A. nigrofasciola Chen and Zhang, sp. nov., A. subpostsignatum Chen and Zhao, sp. nov. and A. tongmaiense Chen, sp. nov. An updated key to the known species of the genus is provided. The male of A. bimaculatum Wang and female of A. postsignatum (Chen) are newly recorded, described and illustrated. The biology and behaviour of A. bimaculatum Wang and A. postsig- natum (Chen) are observed in the field and recorded for the first time. Key words: Tephritidae, Acidiostigma Hendel, new species, Biology and behaviour, China Introduction Recent field trips and sorting of donated material of Acidiostigma Hendel in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS) has yielded three new species, together with new information on previously known taxa. These new findings enable an updating of the present knowledge of this genus. The additional 3 new species are A. nigrofasciola Chen and Zhang, sp. nov., A. subpostsignatum Chen and Zhao, sp. nov. and A. tongmaiense Chen, sp. nov. An updated key to all known species of Acidiostigma Hendel is provided based on two revisions (Wang, 1996; Han and Wang, 1997), one new combination (Singh et al., 2013), primary species descriptions (Shiraki, 1933; Seguy, 1934; Munro, 1935), specimen comparison and recent new findings. Additionally, the biology and behaviour of A. bimaculatum Wang and A. postsignatum (Chen) are observed in the field on Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province of China. The male of A. bimaculatum Wang and female of A. postsignatum (Chen) are recorded and described for the first time. Terminology and abbreviation The general morphological terminology follows White et al. (1999) and McAlpine (1981). Lengths of body and wing were measured in millimeters. The following acronym is used for the specimen depository: IZCAS (Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China). Acidiostigma Hendel, 1927 Acidiostigma Hendel 1927: 101. Type-species: Myiolia (Acidiostigma) longipennis Hendel, by monotype, proposed as a subgenus of Myiolia (=Myoleja). Parahypenidium Shiraki 1933: 203. Type-species: Hypenidium polyfasciatum Miyake, by original designation. Euleia (Acidiostigma); Munro 1935: 22. Accepted by D. Bickel: 2 Feb. 2016; published: 17 Mar. 2016 401 Acidiella (Acidiostigma); Chen 1948: 76. Shiracidia Ito 1984: 111. Type-species: Trypeta s-nigrum Matsumura, by original designation. Diagnosis. Acidiostigma Hendel (sensu Han and Wang, 1997) is readily differentiated from all other known Trypetini genera by cell sc conspicuously prolonged, equal (or almost so) to cell c and sometimes enlarged in males; wing pattern Hemilea-like or banded; typically with 3 pairs of frontal setae and 2 pairs of orbital setae; dorsocentral setae situated behind the line of postsutural supra-alars; oviscape flattened; aculeus broad, apically tapered to a point and generally serrated on sides. The larvae of A. polyfasciatum (Matsumura) have been reported from Japan to mine the leaves of Clerodendron trichomum, a member of the Verbenaceae (Ito, 1984). With the addition of 3 new species described below, 24 species of this genus are recorded from the eastern Palaearctic and Oriental Regions of the World, 17 of which occur in China. The species pairs A. lucens (Munro) / A. harmandi (Seguy) and A. sonani (Shiraki) / A. yoshinoi (Shiraki) are suspected of being conspecific based on Han and Wang (1997). However, the types are difficult to check at the present stage, so they are accepted as different species in this paper provisionally. Their clarification is left for the future. An updated key to the known species of Acidiostigma Hendel 1. Wing pattern Hemilea-like: anterior 1/2–2/3 mostly or entirely brown to dark brown, posterior portion hyaline. 2 - Wing pattern not as above . 14 2. Thorax entirely yellowish brown or orange-yellow, without any dark markings. 3 - Thorax with prominent dark markings . 5 3. Wing without hyaline spot in cell rl; cells bc and c entirely brown; cell br with a hyaline mark; cell sc much longer thatn cell c, abdomen largely yellow to yellowish brown, tergites 4–5 in male or tergites 5–6 in female entirely dark brown. Distribute in China (Yunnan) . A. brunneum (Wang) - Wing with a hyaline spot or a narrow hyaline band in cell r1 just beyond the end of vein R1; cells bc and c mostly hyaline; cell br entirely dark brown and cell sc subequal in length to cell c . 4 4. Wing with a hyaline spot in cell r1 just beyond the end of vein R1; without any brown marks covering vein Cul and DM-Cu; hyaline mark in cell r4+5 far from apex of wing. Distribute in China (Xizang) . A. bomiense Wang - Wing with a narrow hyaline band in cell r1 just beyond the end of vein R1; with narrow brown marks covering vein Cul and DM-Cu; hyaline mark in cell r4+5 close to apex of wing. Distribute in India (Simla) . A. discale (Brunetti) 5. Head with four pairs of frontal setae; fore femur with 4–5 spine-like, black posteroventral setae; scutum with 4 broad longitu- dinal black vittae; abdomen entirely black. Distribute in China (Yunnan) . A. nigritum (Wang) - Head with one to three pairs of frontal setae; fore femur with slender and long posteroventral setae . 6 6. Scutum, scutellum and abdomen entirely purplish brown to shining black; cell bcu completely dark brown. Distribute in China (Sichuan) . .A. voilaceum Wang - No such combination of characters . 7 7. Wing with 2 hyaline spots in cell r1 beyond the end of vein R1 . 8 - Wing lacking or with only 1 hyaline spot in cell r1 beyond the end of vein R1 . 9 8. Wing with cell c largely dark brown, having no short narrow dark brown band in cell r 4+5 (Fig 3). Distribute in China (Sichuan, Zhejiang) . A. bimaculatum Wang - Wing with cell c largely hyaline and having a short narrow dark brown band in cell r4+5. Distribute in India (Darjeeling) . A. lucens (Munro) 9. Wing with 1 hyaline spot in cell r1 beyond the end of vein R1 . 10 - Wing without any hyaline spots in cell r1 beyond the end of vein R1 . 12 10. Wing with cell bc hyaline, having 2 large hyaline spots in cell r4+5 which extend to vein R4+5. Distribute in India (Darjeeling) . A. harmandi (Seguy) - Wing with cell bc brown, having 2 small hyaline spots in cell r4+5 which do not extend to vein R4+5 . 11 11. Scutum with presutural dorsocentral and postsutural dorsocentral stripes about 2 times as wide as submesal stripes. Distribute in Korea (Chollabuk-do); Japan (Honshu) . .A. polyfasciatum (Miyake) - Scutum with submesal, presutural dorsocentral and postsutural dorsocentral stripes almost of same width. Distribute in Myan- mar (Kambaiti) . A. brevigaster Han and Wang 12. Wing without a narrow black band over crossvein DM-Cu, and without a narrow black band across the middle of cell dm. Dis- tribute in China (Sichuan) . A. cheni Han and Wang - Wing with a narrow black band over crossvein DM-Cu. 13 13. Wing without a narrow black band across the middle of cell dm. Distribute in China (Sichuan) . A. omeium Han and Wang - Wing with a narrow black band across the middle of cell dm (Fig 18). Distribute in China (Yunnan) . 402 · Zootaxa 4092 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. A. nigrofasciola Chen and Zhang, sp. nov. 14. Head with 4–7 pairs of frontal setae; cell sc usually slightly shorter than cell c; crossvein R-M situated slightly beyond the mid- dle of cell dm. 15 - Head with 3 pairs of frontal setae; cell sc usually at least as long as cell c; crossvein R-M situated well beyond the middle of cell dm . 17 15. Wing with one isolated S-shaped anterior apical and subapical band. Distribute in Korea (Chollabuk-do), Japan (Honshu), Rus- sia (Sakhalin). ..A. s-nigrum (Matsumura) - Wing with no isolated S-shaped anterior apical and subapical band . .16 16. Scutum entirely yellow to yellow-brown, without any stripes; anepisternal setae 3; abdominal tergite 5 with 2 large black spots on sides. Distribute in China (Taiwan).. .A. yoshinoi (Shiraki) - Scutum yellow to yellow-brown in ground colour and with 4 grey stripes; anepisternal setae 2; abdominal tergite 5 without black spots on sides. Distribute in China (Taiwan). A. sonani (Shiraki) 17. Mediotergite with 2 lateral black marks . 18 - Mediotergite entirely yellow to yellowish brown . 19 18. Wing having an apical hyaline spot in cell r4+5. Distribute in China (Yunnan) . A. spimaculatum (Wang) - Wing lacking an apical hyaline spot in cell r4+5. Distribute in China (Zhejiang, Fujian) . .A. postsignatum Chen 19. Wing having a yellowish brown to brown mark in middle portion of cell r4+5; abdomen entirely yellow. Distribute in China (Sichuan, Hubei, Gansu, Shannxi, Guizhou) . A. montanum Wang - Wing with cell r4+5 lacking any dark marks; abdominal with some dark-brown to black spots or bands .
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