Profili Zajednica Na Kosovu

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Profili Zajednica Na Kosovu PROFILI ZAJEDNICA NA KOSOVU 2010 PROFILI ZAJEDNICA NA KOSOVU ope ganization for Security and Or Co-operation in Eur Mission in Kosovo Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Mission in Kosovo PROFILI ZAJEDNICA NA KOSOVU Predgovor Šefa Misije OEBS-a na Kosovu Predgovor Visokog komesara OEBS-a Uvod Sadržaj Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Mission in Kosovo Predgovor Šefa Misije OEBS-a na Kosovu Dragi čitaoče, Dobrodošli u drugo izdanje Profila zajednica na KosovuO rganizacije za evropsku bezbednost i saradnju, Misija na Kosovu (OEBS). Zaštita i unapređenje prava zajednica, kao i praćenje poštovanja prava zajednice od strane kosovskih institucija i dalje je jedna od ključnih aktivnosti Misije OEBS-a. Jedan od izazova u izgradnji trajnog mira na Kosovu i dalje je nedostatak prepoznavanja i razumevanja različitih karakteristika nevećinskih zajednica i njihovih potreba i bojazni od strane šireg društva, lokalnih institucija i međunarodnih aktera. Želeći da doprinese širenju saznanja između svojih partnera, Misija OEBS-a je 009. godine objavila prve Profile zajednica, koji su sadržali najvažnije demografske, društveno-ekonomske, političke i kulturne podatke o kosovskim Srbima, kosovskim Turcima, kosovskim Bošnjacima, kosovskim Hrvatima, kosovskim Crnogorcima, Gorancima, Romima, Aškalijama, Egipćanima i kosovskim Albancima (u opštinama u kojima oni čine manjinu). Uspeh izdanja iz 009. godine, koje su partneri Misije OEBS-a unutar i van Kosova prihvatili veoma pozitivno, bio je glavni motiv za drugo izdanje. Profili zajednica 00, koji se zasnivaju na šire prikupljenim podacima, nude sveobuhvatniju i detaljniju sliku o izazovima koji utiču na uživanje prava nevećinskih zajednica na Kosovu. Uključena je jača rodna perspektiva, iako nedostatak podataka kategorisanih po polu, kojima raspolažu različite institucije, i dalje predstavlja prepreku da se precizno prenesu različita iskustva i interesi žena i devojaka koje pripadaju nevećinskim zajednicama. Ovog puta, Profili zajednica su prevedeni na albanski i srpski jezik da bi postali referentni dokumenat lokalnim partnerima Misije OEBS-a na Kosovu, istovremeno pružajući priliku lokalnom građanskom društvu da koristi ovaj alat kao platformu za javno zastupanje prava zajednica. Osim toga, oni će biti dostupni i u elektronskom formatu kako bi se obezbedila njihova šira diseminacija i, samim tim, bolje razumevanje prava zajednica na Kosovu od strane mnogo šireg auditorijuma. Svrha Profila zajednica 00. nije da etiketira ili definiše zajednice, što je posebno težak poduhvat imajući u vidu fluidnost identiteta, već da ilustruje njihovu ulogu i sadašnji položaj u kosovskom društvu. Profili deset zajednica u ovom izdanju su zasnovani na samoodređenju i taj pristup je primenjivan tokom obimnog rada na terenu koji obavlja terensko osoblje Misije OEBS-a, kao i tokom izrade i uređivanja ovog izdanja u sedištu Misije OEBS-a. Profili zajednica 00, imaju za cilj da nastave da promovišu i štite prava svih zajednica na Kosovu. Oni prenose glas zajednica, njihovih predstavnika i drugih relevantnih sagovornika na terenu, kako bi stvorili sliku stvarnog stanja na terenu. Ovom publikacijom, Misija OEBS-a nudi bolje razumevanje i priznanje pozitivnog doprinosa kosovskih zajednica društvu, kao i o izazovima koji utiču na uživanje njihovih prava. Nadamo se da će ovi Profili ostati relevantan resurs našim lokalnim i međunarodnim partnerima. Ambasador Werner Almhofer, Šef Misije Predgovor Visokog komesara OEBS-a za nacionalne manjine (VKNM) Profilima zajednica Misije OEBS-a na Kosovu Poštovanje prava etničkih zajednica predstavlja važan način za održavanje mira i stabilnosti. Ta prava obuhvataju delotvorno učešće u javnom životu, posebno u onim pitanjima koja direktno utiču na njih. To zahteva duboko razumevanje potreba različitih etničkih zajednica i političku volju da se uključe u procese odlučivanja. U skladu sa mandatom za sprečavanje sukoba Visokog komesara za nacionalne manjine (VKNM), moja kancelarija je 999. izradila „Preporuke iz Lunda za delotvorno učešće nacionalnih manjina u javnom životu“, sa ciljem da se razjasni sadržaj manjinskih prava u ovoj oblasti i konačno, da smanji tenzije između etničkih zajednica. Zajedno sa drugim pravima lica koja pripadaju etničkim zajednicama, kao što su: pravo na obrazovanje na maternjem jeziku, kao i određena jezička prava, pravo na delotvorno učešće u kulturnom, društvenom i ekonomskom životu i javnim poslovima predstavlja osnovu za zaštitu, održavanje i unapređenje njihovog identiteta. U isto vreme, efikasno učestvovanje podrazumeva da etničke zajednice traže odgovore na svoje probleme kroz integrativni pristup. Integracija etničkih zajednica - nenasilna asimilacija, koja je zabranjena po međunarodnim standardima - je preduslov mirnog, demokratskog i prosperitetnog društva. U tom kontekstu, integracija uz poštovanje različitosti je postao neformalni moto mog rada. Drugo izdanje ove publikacije, identifikacijom i isticanjem uslova koji utiču na različite etničke zajednice na Kosovu, uključujući i zajednicu kosovskih Albanaca, gde ona na opštinskom nivou čini nevećinu, nam pomaže da bolje razumemo uslove u kojima žive. Ovo nije samo preduslov za povećano učešće svih grupa u kosovskom društvu, nego i za izgradnju međusobnog poverenja. Uveren sam da ovi Profili zajednica mogu da pomognu političarima i drugim akterima da identifikuju neophodne mere koje treba preduzeti u cilju poboljšanja trenutne situacije. Njihov prevod na albanski i srpski jezik sigurno će doprineti tom cilju. Ovi Profili su takođe korisni za one koji traže pregled etničkih zajednica na Kosovu ili detaljnije informacije, uključujući regionalne i lokalne perspektive. Oni će takođe, bez sumnje, biti od vrednosti međunarodnim akterima, kao što su članovi Misije OEBS-a, osoblju međunarodnih organizacija i predstavnicima zemalja i delegacija koje posećuju Kosovo. Konačno, Profili zajednica predstavljaju značajan doprinos Misije OEBS-a na Kosovu u promovisanju i zaštiti prava zajednica na Kosovu i potvrđuje ključnu ulogu Misije u ovom poduhvatu. Knut Vollebaek, Visoki komesar OEBS-a za nacionalne manjine Organizacija za evropsku bezbednost i saradnju, Misija na Kosovu Profili (OEBS) je u proleće 007, odlučila da pripremi i proširi opštinske profile i započela je mapiranje svih kosovskih zajednica. U septembru zajednica 009, kada je objavljeno prvo izdanje Profila zajednica, po prvi put je dat uvid u položaj nevećinskih zajednica na Kosovu konsolidovan u na Kosovu samo jednu, sveobuhvatnu publikaciju. Uspeh Profila zajednica 009, zajedno sa vrednim povratnim informacijama brojnih sagovornika Misije OEBS-a kojima je uručen primerak, navela je Misiju OEBS-a da uradi sveobuhvatno izmenjeno i dopunjeno izdanje za 00. Ovo Uvod izdanje Profila čitaocu nudi i kontinuitet i novine - može se razumeti kao samostalno izdanje ili kao dopuna izdanju iz 009. Pošto je zadržana ista struktura kao u prvom izdanju, čitalac može da prati napredak ili nazadovanje u ključnim tematskim pitanjima identifikovanim u 009. (na primer, pristup opštinskim uslugama, bezbednost i sloboda kretanja, povratak i reintegracija, itd.) U isto vreme, posebna pažnja je posvećena najnovijem razvoju situacije. Takođe, zadržan je isti pristup u odnosu na opisnu i činjeničnu procenu. Dakle, nisu uključene nikakve analize ni preporuke za rešavanje identifikovanih nedostataka u zaštiti prava zajednica. Na primer, odeljak o bezbednosti i slobodi kretanja sadrži sve prijavljene incidente koji utiču na nevećinske zajednice, bez spekulacija o etničkoj pripadnosti počinilaca ili motivaciji izvršenja dela. Umesto toga, izveštavanje je usmereno na uticaj bezbednosnih incidenata na uživanje prava ugroženih zajednica i odnosa među zajednicama, kao i reakcijom nadležnih organa. Ovaj činjenični i nepristrasni pristup obezbeđuje da Profili zajednica i dalje budu koristan resurs za sve relevantne zainteresovane strane, uzimajući u obzir njihove različite poglede. Posebna pažnja je posvećena prezentaciji činjenica, uz upotrebu jezika poštovanja za opisivanje potencijalno spornih pitanja i inkluzivnu terminologiju. Na ovaj način, Profili zajednica mogu da postanu platforma za sve relevantne aktere na Kosovu da zajedno ispitaju sve bojazni nevećinskih zajednica i razgovaraju o mogućim rešenjima. Mnogi od izazova koji su uticali na istraživanje za izdanje iz 009. godine, postoje i danas. Na primer, prikupljanje pouzdanih demografskih podataka o kosovskim zajednicama i dalje se zasniva na dobijenim procenama institucija, predstavnika zajednica i drugih zainteresovanih strana, a problem i dalje predstavljaju poteškoće u dobijanju tačnih podataka raščlanjenih po pojedinim zajednicama i/ili rodu. U slučajevima kada su takvi podaci raspoloživi, oni su i navedeni. U slučajevima kada nisu, zamenjuje ih, koliko god je to moguće, kvalitativna procena u narativnom delu Profila zajednica. Osnovni principi zamisli i izrade Profila ostali su isti, uključujući i participativnu i inkluzivnu metodologiju procene na terenu, kao i osnovno pravo pripadnika zajednica na samoodređenje. Profili zajednica ne definišu zajednice, nego ih priznaju, oslanjajući se isključivo na samoodređenje lica koja pripadaju nevećinskim zajednicama na osnovu jezičke, etničke ili verske pripadnosti. Sa ciljem identifikovanja zajednica i njihovih specifičnih potreba i preokupacija, Profili zajednica ponekad pojednostavljuju složene probleme višeslojnih identiteta i nenamerno pojačavaju linije razgraničenja između zajednica koje su u stvarnosti i dalje fluidne. Na primer,
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