245 Genus Pilodeudorix Druce

AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES. MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Updated 15 August 2021

Genus Pilodeudorix Druce, 1891 Blue Playboys

Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 7: 366 (364-367). Type-species: Pilodeudorix barbatus Druce, by original designation.

= Rubropelates d’Abrera, 2009. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region – Part III: 780. Hill House, Melbourne. Type-species: Lycaena aruma Hewitson, 1873, by original designation. Synonymized with Pilodeudorix by Collins et al., 2014.

= Hypokopelates Druce, 1891. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 7: 364 (364-367). Type-species: Hypolycaena mera Hewitson, by original designation. Synonymized with Pilodeudorix by Libert, 2004c. Re-instated by d’Abrera, 2009: 776. Synonymized with Pilodeudorix by Collins et al., 2014.

The genus Pilodeudorix belongs to the Family Lycaenidae Leach, 1815; Subfamily Theclinae Swainson, 1831; Tribe Deudorigini Doherty, 1886. The other genera in the Tribe Deudorigini in the Afrotropical Region are Deudorix, Hypomyrina, Paradeudorix and Capys.

Pilodeudorix (Blue Playboys) is an Afrotropical genus of 50 species in five subgenera (Pilodeudorix, Kopelates, Unikopelates, Strongylates and Diopetes). The genus was revised by Libert in 2004 and by d’Abrera in 2009. The taxonomy of the genus was updated by Collins et al. (2014). Safian et al. described seven new species in the genus in 2015, all from equatorial Africa.

Pilodeudorix Druce, 1891

Subgenus Pilodeudorix Druce, 1891

P. camerona species-group Pilodeudorix camerona camerona (Plötz, 1880) Pilodeudorix camerona katanga (Clench, 1965) Pilodeudorix ankoleensis (Stempffer, 1954) P. diyllus species-group Pilodeudorix diyllus diyllus (Hewitson, [1878]) Pilodeudorix diyllus occidentalis Libert, 2004 Pilodeudorix congoana congoana (Aurivillius, 1923) Pilodeudorix congoana orientalis (Stempffer, 1957) Pilodeudorix namukana Libert, 2004 Pilodeudorix kohli (Aurivillius, [1921]) Pilodeudorix caerulea (Druce, 1890) Pilodeudorix obscurata (Trimen, 1891). P. zela species-group P. zela sub-group Pilodeudorix zela (Hewitson, [1869]) Pilodeudorix zeloides (Butler, 1901)

P. catori sub-group Pilodeudorix catori (Bethune-Baker, 1903) Pilodeudorix anetia (Hulstaert, 1924) Pilodeudorix bemba (Neave, 1910) Pilodeudorix hamidou Libert, 2004 Pilodeudorix gagnoti Libert, 2004 P. jacksoni sub-group Pilodeudorix jacksoni (Talbot, 1935) P. zelomina species-group Pilodeudorix zelomina zelomina (Rebel, 1914) Pilodeudorix zelomina rodgersi Kielland, 1985 P. mera species-group Pilodeudorix mera mera (Hewitson, 1873) Pilodeudorix mera kinumbensis (Dufrane, 1945) Pilodeudorix azurea azurea (Stempffer, 1964) Pilodeudorix azurea collinsi Libert, 2004 P. aruma species-group Pilodeudorix aruma aruma (Hewitson, 1873) Pilodeudorix aruma nigeriana Libert, 2004 Pilodeudorix aruma pallidior Libert, 2004 Pilodeudorix aruma simplex (Schultze, 1917) Incertae sedis Pilodeudorix csomae Collins, Libert & Safian, 2015

Subgenus Unikopelates d’Abrera, 2009

P. angelita species-group Pilodeudorix angelita angelita (Suffert, 1904) Pilodeudorix angelita schultzei (Aurivillius, 1906)

Subgenus Stongylates d’Abrera, 2009

P. otraeda species-group Pilodeudorix otraeda otraeda (Hewitson, [1863]) Pilodeudorix otraeda genuba (Hewitson, 1875) Pilodeudorix leonina (Bethune-Baker, 1904) Pilodeudorix dimitris dimitris (d’Abrera, 1980) Pilodeudorix dimitris indentata Libert, 2004

Subgenus Kopelates Druce, 1891

P. virgata species-group Pilodeudorix virgata Druce, 1891 Pilodeudorix virgatoides Libert, Collins & Safian, 2015 P. ula species-group Pilodeudorix ula (Karsch, 1895) P. mimeta species-group Pilodeudorix mimeta mimeta (Karsch, 1895) Pilodeudorix mimeta angusta Libert, 2004 Pilodeudorix baginei (Collins & Larsen, 1991) Pilodeudorix nyungwe Collins, Libert & Safian, 2015 Pilodeudorix mano Safian, 2015

Subgenus Diopetes Karsch, 1895

P. deritas species-group P. deritas sub-group Pilodeudorix deritas (Hewitson, 1874) Pilodeudorix aucta (Karsch, 1895) Pilodeudorix hugoi Libert, 2004 Pilodeudorix badhami (Carcasson, 1961) Pilodeudorix nyanzae Libert, 2004 Pilodeudorix pseudoderitas (Stempffer, 1964) Pilodeudorix laticlavia (Clench, 1965) Pilodeudorix aurivilliusi (Stempffer, 1954) Pilodeudorix kiellandi (Congdon & Collins, 1998) Pilodeudorix corruscans corruscans (Aurivillius, 1898) Pilodeudorix corruscans kakumi (Larsen, 1994) P. catalla sub-group Pilodeudorix catalla (Karsch, 1895) Pilodeudorix bwamba (Stempffer, 1962) Pilodeudorix violetta (Aurivillius, 1897) Pilodeudorix ducarmei (Collins & Larsen, 1998) P. fumata sub-group Pilodeudorix fumata (Stempffer, 1954) Pilodeudorix putu Safian, 2015 Pilodeudorix minuta Safian & Collins, 2015 Pilodeudorix intermedia Safian, 2015

Subgenus Pilodeudorix Druce, 1891

Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 7: 366 (364-367). Type-species: Pilodeudorix barbatus Druce, by original designation.

An Afrotropical subgenus of 21 species.

P.camerona species-group

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) camerona (Plötz, 1880) Tufted Green-streaked Playboy

Sithon camerona Plötz, 1880. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung 40: 201 (189-206). Pilodeudorix camerona (Plötz, 1880). Kielland, 1990d. Pilodeudorix camerona Plötz, 1880. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) camerona (Plötz, 1880). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix camerona camerona. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Biakpa Mountain Paradise, Ghana. 24 November 2011. J. Dobson. Images M.C. Williams ex Dobson Collection.

Pilodeudorix camerona katanga. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. 93 km east of Mwinilunga, Zambia. 4 October 2000. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix camerona

Ssp. camerona (red) – Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Ssp. katanga (green) – Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia.

Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia. Recorded, in error, from Niger by Staudinger (1891). Habitat: Woodland and forest margins (Kielland, 1990d). In Tanzania subspecies katanga occurs at altitudes from 900 to 2 000 m (Kielland, 1990d). Habits: A rather scarce species, usually met with in ones or twos, perched on green leaves. Up to a dozen specimens were seen feeding from the flowers of Eupatorium on the edge of forest in Bia National Park, Ghana (Larsen, 2005a). Males select perches low down, from which they defend a territory (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages:

Jackson, 1947: 45 [Malabigambo Forest, Uganda]. “Larva found among ants under bark, looking for a place to pupate. Egg. Unknown. Larva. Onisciform and very broad, with segmental divisions sharply defined, and skin much roughened. Collar rounded and projecting; anal segments flattened, carrying a gland and two minute tubercles. The tubercles are tiny white globular organs, with apparently no terminal infloresence; they are extruded in the presence of ants, either together or separately. Colour of larva dark sepia. Length 15 mm, width 6 mm. Pupa. Brown, much contracted at extremities, otherwise of regular shape without ornamentation.”

Larval food: Pterocarpus santalinoides L.Hér. ex DC. (Fabaceae) [Farquharson, 1921; as Pterocarpus esculenta Schum. & Thonn. on flowers; Nigeria]. Associated ants: Oecophylla species [Farquharson, 1921; Nigeria].

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) camerona camerona (Plötz, 1880)

Sithon camerona Plötz, 1880. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 41: 201 (189-206). Pilodeudorix camerona (Plötz, 1880). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix camerona camerona Plötz, 1880. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) camerona camerona (Plötz, 1880). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix camerona camerona. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Biakpa Mountain Paradise, Ghana. 24 November 2011. J. Dobson. Images M.C. Williams ex Dobson Collection.

Type locality: Cameroon: “Camerons-Gebirge in ungefäher Höhe von 4000 Fuss”. Neotype designated by Libert (2004): Male; Mamfe, Cameroon; XII 1956; M.N.H.N., Paris. Neallotype designated by Libert (2004): Female; Obubra, Ogoja, Nigeria; M.N.H.N., Paris. Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria (south and Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (west). Recorded, in error, from Niger by Staudinger (1891). Specific localities: Guinea – Mamou (Larsen, 2005a); Labe (Larsen, 2005a); Ziama (Safian et al., 2020). Liberia – Wologizi (Safian et al., 2020). Ivory Coast – Mt Sangbe (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Bia National Park (Larsen, 2005a); Bobiri Butterfly Sanctuary (Larsen et al., 2007). Niger – Loko (Staudinger, 1891). Cameroon – Barombi Station (Staudinger, 1891); Ako (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010); Tchibanga (Vande weghe, 2010); Mondah (Vande weghe, 2010); Kinguele (Vande weghe, 2010); camp Nouna (Vande weghe, 2010); Waka (Vande weghe, 2010). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004); Mbaiki (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Eala (Libert, 2004); Kinshasa (Libert, 2004); Lusambo (Libert, 2004); Yangambi (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Mount Hoyo (Libert, 2004).

nobilis Staudinger, 1891 (as sp. of Hypolycaena). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Iris 4: 149 (61- 157). Sierra Leone. Types in Z.M.H.U., Berlin.

barbatus Druce, 1891 (as sp. of Pilodeudorix). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 7: 366 (364- 367). Sierra Leone. Types in N.H.M., London.

minor Dufrane, 1945 (as ab. of Deudorix camerona). Kivu, DRC. Specimen in Royal Institute for Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) camerona katanga (Clench, 1965)

Deudorix (Pilodeudorix) katanga Clench, 1965. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 73: 178 (178-181). Pilodeudorix camerona katanga (Clench, 1965). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix camerona katanga Clench, 1965. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) camerona katanga (Clench, 1965). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix camerona katanga. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. 93 km east of Mwinilunga, Zambia. 25 April 2001. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Pilodeudorix camerona katanga. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. 93 km east of Mwinilunga, Zambia. 4 October 2000. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Elisabethville, Katanga”. Holotype (male) in the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, U.S.A. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Ndola, Burning Plots, Zambia; A. Heath; A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (east and south), Uganda, Kenya (west), Tanzania (north- west), Malawi, Zambia (north). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Elisabethville, Katanga (TL); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Central Forest Block (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Malabigambo Forest (Jackson, 1937); Mongiro (Libert, 2004); Mt Elgon (Libert, 2004); Katera (Libert, 2004). Kenya – Kakamega (Libert, 2004); Kitale (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Mpanda (Kielland, 1990d); Kigoma (Kielland, 1990d). Malawi – Manchewe (Libert, 2004); Nkata Bay (Libert, 2004); Nyika N.P. (J. Timberlake, pers. comm., 2019). Zambia – Ikelenge (Heath et al., 2002); Ndola (Heath et al., 2002); Lisombo, Mwinilunga district (male illustrated above).

Note 1: Berger (1981) places all Democratic Republic of Congo representitives under subspecies katanga Clench. Note 2: The female of Virachola [= Deudorix] mpanda Kielland, 1990 is actually a female of Pilodeudorix camerona Katanga according to Libert, 2004.

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) ankoleensis (Stempffer, 1954)

Deudorix (Pilodeudorix) ankoleensis Stempffer, 1954. Annales du Musée Royal du Congo Belge (8) (Sciences zoologique) 27: 21 (7-48). Pilodeudorix ankoleensis (Stempffer, 1954). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix ankoleensis Stempffer, 1953. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. [date of authorship erroneous; should be 1954] Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) ankoleensis (Stempffer, 1954). Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: Uganda: “Kalizu Forest, W. Ankole”. Holotype (male) in the Hope Department, Oxford. Allotype (female) in the N.H.M., London.

7 Distribution of Pilodeudorix ankoleensis

Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (west). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Beni (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Kalinzu Forest, West Ankole (TL); Kayonza Forest (Libert, 2004); Mafuga Forest (Libert, 2004). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

ugandae Stempffer, 1946 (as ssp. of Pilodeudorix camerona). Revue Française d’Entomologie 13: 9 (8- 19). Uganda: “Ankole, Kalinzu Forest 4.700 à 5.000 pieds”. Invalid; junior secondary homonym of Hypokopelates eleala ugandae (Talbot, 1935) [Lycaenidae].

P. diyllus species-group

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) diyllus (Hewitson, [1878]) Green-streaked Playboy

Deudorix diyllus Hewitson, [1878]. In: Hewitson, [1862-78]. Illustrations of diurnal lepidoptera. Lycaenidae: 32 (1: 1-228; 2: 95 pp.; Supplement: 1-48.). London. Pilodeudorix diyllus (Hewitson, 1878). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix diyllus Hewitson, 1878. d’Abrera, 2009: 781. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) diyllus (Hewitson, 1878). Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: Sierra Leone. Holotype (male) in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Sierra Leone (Preuss); Z.M.H.U., Berlin.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix diyllus

Ssp. diyllus (red) – Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon.

Ssp. occidentalis (green) – Senegal, Gambia, Guinea.

Distribution: Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin,

8 Nigeria, Cameroon. Recorded, in error, from east of Cameroon by Kielland (1990d) and Davenport, 1996. Habitat: Nothing published. Habits: An uncommon butterfly, single specimens usually being encountered perching in sunny spots or along forest paths (Larsen, 2005a). Specimens were noted feeding from the flowers of Eupatorium odorata in Bia National Park, Ghana (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages:

Eltringham, 1921b: 484 [ex Farquharson, Nigeria]. “Plate XIII, figs 8, 14. Larva (fig. 14). The colour of the preserved example is fairly uniform and rather dark. The 1st segment is rounded and covers the head, the remainder, to the 9 th, present lateral blunt processes and a double row of dorsal projections. The last three segments are of somewhat peculiar shape, as shown in the drawing. The whole surface is covered with fine short spines. Length 14 mm. Pupa (fig. 8). Attached so that the vertical surface is in contact with the support. The cuticle is smooth and, except for the wing-cases, has a sparse coating of very minute hairs. The dried example is dark brown marbled all over with black. The general shape is shown by the figure. Length 11 mm.”

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) diyllus diyllus (Hewitson, [1878])

Deudorix diyllus Hewitson, [1878]. In: Hewitson, [1862-78]. Illustrations of diurnal lepidoptera. Lycaenidae: 32 (1: 1-228; 2: 95 pp.; Supplement: 1-48.). London. Pilodeudorix diyllus (Hewitson, 1878). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix diyllus diyllus Hewitson, 1878. d’Abrera, 2009: 781. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) diyllus (Hewitson, 1878). Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: Sierra Leone. Holotype (male) in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Sierra Leone (Preuss); Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin (south, central), Nigeria (south and Cross River loop), Cameroon (west). Specific localities: Guinea – Seredou (Libert, 2004); Nimbas (Larsen, 2005a). Sierra Leone – Guma (Libert, 2004); Yonni (Libert, 2004). Liberia – Port Harbel (Libert, 2004). Ivory Coast – Adiopodoume (Libert, 2004); Abengourou (Libert, 2004); Banco (Libert, 2004); Bayota (Libert, 2004); Issia (Libert, 2004); Mt Peko (Libert, 2004); Mt Sangbe (Libert, 2004); Niangon (Libert, 2004); Tiassale (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Agona (Libert, 2004); Amedzofe (Libert, 2004); Anfoega (Libert, 2004); Awasa (Libert, 2004); Ho (Libert, 2004); Lipke (Libert, 2004); Papase (Libert, 2004); Sagamase (Libert, 2004); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2004); Todome (Libert, 2004); Bia National Park (Larsen, 2005a). Benin – see Coache et al. (2017). Togo – Kloto (Libert, 2004). Benin – Houeyogbe Forest (Coache & Rainon, 2016). Nigeria – Ibadan (Libert, 2004); Ikom (Libert, 2004); Lagos (Libert, 2004); Mamu-Awka (Libert, 2004); Olokomeji (Libert, 2004); Ubiaja (Libert, 2004); Umuhaia (Libert, 2004); Uwet (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Mamfe (Libert, 2004).

debilis Staudinger, 1891 (as sp. of Hypolycaena). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Iris 4: 150 (61- 157). Sierra Leone. Types in Z.M.H.U., Berlin.

9 Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) diyllus occidentalis Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix diyllus occidentalis Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium: 27. Pilodeudorix diyllus occidentalis Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 781. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) diyllus occidentalis Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: Senegal: Sengali. Holotype (female): 17 XII 1955; H. de Toulgoët; in M.N.H.N., Paris. Allotype (male): Gambia; N.H.M., London. Distribution: Senegal, Gambia, Guinea (east). Specific localities: Senegal – Sengali (TL); Tiaroye (Libert, 2004). Guinea – Popodara (Libert, 2004); Labe (Libert, 2004); Fouta Djalon (Larsen, 2005a).

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) congoana (Aurivillius, 1923) Eastern Green-streaked Playboy

Deudorix congoana Aurivillius, 1923. In: Schultze & Aurivillius, 1923. Ergebnisse der Zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika Expedition 1(17): 1218 (1113-1242). Deudorix diyllus congoana Aurivillius, 1923. Ackery et al., 1995: 611. Deudorix congoana Aurivillius, 1923. Congdon & Collins, 1998: 100. Pilodeudorix congoana (Aurivillius, 1923). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix congoana Schultze, 1923. d’Abrera, 2009: 781. [authorship misattributed; should be Aurivillius, 1923] Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) congoana (Aurivillius, 1923). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix congoana orientalis. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Zambezi Rapids, Ikelenge, Zambia. 28 April 2001. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Pilodeudorix congoana orientalis. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Lisombo, Mwinilunga District, Zambia. 30 April 2001. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

10 Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Kimuenza”. Holotype in the Swedish Natural History Museum (images available at www2.nrm.se/en/lep_nrm/c). Neotype (male) designated by Libert (2004): Kimuenza, Democratic Republic of Congo; 6 X 1910; Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Tchinanga, Gabon; G. Le Testu; M.N.H.N., Paris.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix congoana

Ssp. congoana (red) – Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi.

Ssp. orientalis (green) – Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia.

Distribution: Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia. Habitat: Forest. Habits: Males defend territories in small sunlit clearings (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) congoana congoana (Aurivillius, 1923)

Deudorix congoana Aurivillius, 1923. In: Schultze & Aurivillius, 1923. Ergebnisse der Zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika Expedition 1(17): 1218 (1113-1242). Deudorix diyllus congoana Aurivillius, 1923. Ackery et al., 1995: 611. Deudorix congoana Aurivillius, 1923. Congdon & Collins, 1998: 100. Pilodeudorix congoana (Aurivillius, 1923). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix congoana congoana Schultze, 1923. d’Abrera, 2009: 781. [authorship misattributed] Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) congoana congoana (Aurivillius, 1923). Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Kimuenza”. Holotype in the Swedish Natural History Museum (images available at www2.nrm.se/en/lep_nrm/c). Neotype (male) designated by Libert (2004): Kimuenza, Democratic Republic of Congo; 6 X 1910; Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Tchinanga, Gabon; G. Le Testu; M.N.H.N., Paris. Distribution: Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi. Specific localities: Nigeria – Kafanchan at the foot of the Jos Plateau (Larsen, 2005a). Cameroon – Berabe (Libert, 2004); Etuku (Libert, 2004); Yaounde (Libert, 2004); Akonolinga (Libert, 2004); Bambouti (Libert, 2004); Bitje (Libert, 2004); Metet (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Kangwe (Libert, 2004); Ogowe (Libert, 2004); Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010); Tchibanga (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004); Ketta (Libert, 2004); Sembe (Libert, 2004); Tchissanga (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004); Boukoko (Libert, 2004); Mbaiki (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo –Beni (Libert, 2004); Djugu (Libert, 2004); Lume (Libert, 2004); Kasungo (Libert, 2004); Kinshasa (Libert, 2004); Katako-Kombe (Libert, 2004); middle Lowa Valley (Libert, 2004); Lake Tumba (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Central Forest Block (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Blue (Ducarme, 2018). Burundi – Kigwena (Libert, 2004).

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) congoana orientalis (Stempffer, 1957)

Deudorix (Pilodeudorix) diyllus orientalis Stempffer, 1957. Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Afrique Noire (A) 19: 217 (209- 227). Pilodeudorix congoana orientalis (Stempffer, 1957). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix congoana orientalis Stempffer, 1957. d’Abrera, 2009: 781. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) congoana orientalis (Stempffer, 1957). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix congoana orientalis. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Zambezi Rapids, Ikelenge, Zambia. 28 April 2001. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Pilodeudorix congoana orientalis. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Lisombo, Mwinilunga District, Zambia. 30 April 2001. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Type locality: Uganda: “Entebbe”. Holotype (male): 1-11 IX 1911; S.A. Neave; N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female): Entebbe, Uganda; 12-20 I 1912; S.A. Neave; N.H.M., London. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (south), Uganda, Kenya (west), Tanzania (west), Zambia (north). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Lupweshi (Libert, 2004). Uganda – Entebbe (TL); Bwamba (Libert, 2004); Budongo (Libert, 2004); Itwara (Libert, 2004); Kalinzu (Libert, 2004); Kayonza Forest (Libert, 2004); Katera (Libert, 2004). Kenya – Kakamega (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Kere Hill, Minziro Forest (Congdon & Collins, 1998); Geita (Libert, 2004); Karagwe (Libert, 2004); Rumanyika (Libert, 2004); Kigoma (Libert, 2004); Sitebi (Libert, 2004). Zambia – Ikelenge (Heath et al., 2002; male illustrated above); Ndola (Heath et al., 2002); Mufulira (Heath et al., 2002); Chililabombwe (Libert, 2004); Luanshya (Libert, 2004); Zambezi Rapids (female illustrated above).

Note: D’Abrera (2009: 781) avers that Pilodeudorix congoana orientalis is a synonym of congoana but does not formally emend its status. However, he does include it in his book. 12

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) namukana Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix namukana Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Pilodeudorix namukana Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 781. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) namukana Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: Tanzania: Mkombola, Nguru Mountains. Holotype (male): II 2001; P.W. Namukana; A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Allotype (female): Mkombola, Nguru Mountains; II 2003; P.W. Namukana; A.B.R.I., Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix namukana

Tanzania (Nguru Mountains).

Distribution: Tanzania (Nguru Mountains). Specific localities: Tanzania – Mkombola, Nguru Mountains (TL). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Note: D’Abrera (2009: 781) suspects that namukana may be conspecific with congoana but makes no formal emendation.

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) kohli (Aurivillius, [1921])

Deudorix kohli Aurivillius, [1921]. In: Seitz, [1908-25]. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde, Stuttgart (2) 13 Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter: 370 (614 pp.). Pilodeudorix kohli (Aurivillius, 1921). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix kohli Aurivillius, 1921. d’Abrera, 2009: 781. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) kohli (Aurivillius, 1921). Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: “Congo district”. Holotype (male): Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm. Neallotype (female): Coquilhatville, Democratic Republic of Congo; IX 1961; T.H.E. Jackson; N.M.K., Nairobi. Diagnosis: Similar to Pilodeudorix congoana, but more violet than blue and iridescent scaling more extensive on hindwing upperside (Congdon & Collins, 1998).

13 Distribution of Pilodeudorix kohli

Cameroon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Tanzania.

Distribution: Cameroon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (Sankuru, Lualaba), Uganda, Tanzania (north-west). Specific localities: Cameroon – Yaounde (Libert, 2004); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004). Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Sembe (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Yakoli (Libert, 2004); Bangui (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Beni (Libert, 2004); Mbandaka (Libert, 2004); Kapanga (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Bugalla Island (Libert, 2004); Mbale (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Kere Hill, Minziro Forest (rare) (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) caerulea (Druce, 1890) Blue-heart Playboy

Deudorix caerulea Druce, 1890. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 5: 28 (24-31). Pilodeudorix caerulea (Druce, 1890). Kielland, 1990d. Deudorix (Pilodeudorix) caerulea H.H. Druce, 1890. Pringle et al., 1994: 165. Pilodeudorix caerulea Druce, 1890. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) caerulea (Druce, 1890). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix caerulea. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Mabira Forest, Uganda. 14 June 2009. J. Dobson. Images M.C. Williams ex Dobson Collection.

Pilodeudorix caerulea. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Mabira Forest, Uganda. 14 June 2009. J. Dobson. Images M.C. Williams ex Dobson Collection.

Type locality: Nigeria: “Lagos”. Holotype (male): Moloney; N.H.M., London. Allotype (female): Lagos, Nigeria; Moloney; N.H.M., London.

Dsitribution of Pilodeudorix caerulea

Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Angola, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Southern Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe.

Distribution: Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin (throughout), Nigeria (south and Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Angola (Libert, 2004), Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Sudan, Ethiopia (Kielland, 1990d), Uganda, Kenya (west of the Rift Valley), Tanzania (west), Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe. Specific localities: Senegal – Cholo (Libert, 2004); Kedougou (Libert, 2004); Mako (Libert, 2004). Gambia – Fajara, Darsilami, Tujering, Janjanbureh Island (Jon Baker, pers. comm, May 2020). Guinea – Bura (Libert, 2004); Labe (Libert, 2004). Burkina Faso – Loumbila (Libert, 2004); Poundou (Libert, 2004). Liberia – Grand Sess (Ehrmann, 1894); Fisherman’s Lake (Libert, 2004); Harbel (Libert, 2004). Ivory Coast – Agboville (Libert, 2004); Azagny (Libert, 2004); Banco (Libert, 2004); Bereby (Libert, 2004); Grand Bassam (Libert, 2004); San Pedro (Libert, 2004); Tiassale (Libert, 2004); Yapo (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Amedzofe (Libert, 2004); Cape Coast (Libert, 2004); Dzolu (Libert, 2004); Hohoe (Libert, 2004); Sagamase (Libert, 2004). Togo – Klouto (Safian et al., 2009). Benin – see Coache et al. (2017). Nigeria – Lagos (TL); Butatong (Libert, 2004); Gashaka N.P. (Libert, 2004); Itu (Libert, 2004); Jebba (Libert, 2004); Jos (Libert, 2004); Kaduna (Libert, 2004); Obudu (Libert, 2004); Hossere Vere (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Kounden (Libert, 2004); Mayo Louti (Libert, 2004); Ngaoundere (Libert, 2004); Tibati (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Lope N.P. (Vande weghe, 2010); Ekouyi (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Brazzaville (Libert, 2004). Angola – Lumeje (Libert, 2004); Texeira da Souza (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bimon (Libert, 2004); Yakoli (Libert, 2004); Bangui (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Kinshasa (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Paulis (Libert, 2004);

15 Lume (Libert, 2004); Dimbelenge (Libert, 2004); Lusambo (Libert, 2004); Kapanga (Libert, 2004); Kafakumba (Libert, 2004); Lupweshi (Libert, 2004); Lumbumbashi (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Blue (Ducarme, 2018). Burundi – Bujumbura (Libert, 2004); Kitega (Libert, 2004). Sudan – Meridi (Libert, 2004); Nuba Mtns (Libert, 2004); Mt Imatong (Libert, 2004). Ethiopia – Boure (Libert, 2004). Kenya – Nairobi (Libert, 2004); Mombasa (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Ambangulu (Libert, 2004); Chimala (Libert, 2004); Iringa (Libert, 2004); Kiboriani (Libert, 2004); Kongwe (Libert, 2004); Minziro (Libert, 2004); Mpanda (Libert, 2004); Ruaha (Libert, 2004); Ukerewe (Libert, 2004); Zanzibar (Libert, 2004). Malawi – Dedza (Libert, 2004); Karonga (Libert, 2004); Mlanje (Libert, 2004); Monkey Bay (Libert, 2004); Salima (Libert, 2004); Zomba (Libert, 2004). Zambia – Luangwa (Libert, 2004). Mozambique – Beira (Libert, 2004); Mt Chiperone (Libert, 2004); Garuso (Libert, 2004); Xiluvo (Libert, 2004). Zimbabwe – Mutare (Libert, 2004); Katiyo (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Savanna (Larsen, 2005a). In West Africa it is found in dry forest and dense Guinea savanna. It also colonizes clear-felled areas in the forest zone (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: A playboy that is not particularly common (Larsen, 2005a). Males fly high up in trees, settling on the leaves in sunny spots (Kielland, 1990d). Most often found while feeding from flowers, especially those of Tridax and Eupatorium odorata (Larsen, 2005a). Males occasionally mud-puddle during dry spells (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

hollandi Ehrmann, 1894 (as sp. of Argiolaus). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 2: 77 (77-78). Liberia: “Grand Sess”.

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) obscurata (Trimen, 1891) Obscure Blue-heart Playboy

Deudorix obscurata Trimen, 1891. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1891: 84 (59-107). Deudorix caerulea obscurata Trimen, 1891. Dickson & Kroon, 1978. Pilodeudorix caerulea obscurata (Trimen, 1891). Larsen, 1991c: 206. Deudorix (Pilodeudorix) caerulea obscurata Trimen, 1891. Pringle et al., 1994: 165. Synonym of Deudorix caerulea Druce. Ackery et al., 1995: 611. Pilodeudorix obscurata (Trimen, 1891). Libert, 2004c stat. rev., comb. nov. Pilodeudorix obscurata Trimen, 1891. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) obscurata (Trimen, 1891). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix obscurata. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Burma Valley, Vumba, Zimbabwe. 20 April 1998. Images M.C.Williams ex J. Greyling Collection.

Pilodeudorix obscurata. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Burma Valley, Vumba, Zimbabwe. 11 March 1994. Images M.C.Williams ex J. Greyling Collection.

Type locality: [Angola]: “Omrora”. The type locality is most probably in southern Angola, not Namibia. Neotype (male) designated by Libert (2004): Hillwood Farm, Mwinilunga, N.W. Zambia; IV/V 2000; A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Hillwood Farm, Mwinilunga, N.W. Zambia; IV/V 2000; A.B.R.I., Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix obscurata

Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe.

Distribution: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia (Lusaka, northwards), Mozambique, Zimbabwe. Recorded, in error, from Namibia by many authors, including Libert (2004) and from Ethiopia and Kenya (in error for caerulea). Specific localities: Angola – Omrora (TL). Democratic Republic of Congo – Dukulwe (Libert, 2004); Kundelungu Plateau (Libert, 2004); Musonoie (Libert, 2004); Tshituru (Libert, 2004); Upemba (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Usambara Mountains (Kielland, 1990d); Uluguru Mountains (Kielland, 1990d); Mwanihana Forest (Kielland, 1990d); Nyumbenitu Mountain in the Uzungwa Range (Kielland, 1990d); Pugu Hills (Kielland, 1990d); Masagati Forest (Kielland, 1990d); Moshi (Cordeiro, 1995); Bugiri (Libert, 2004); Handari (Libert, 2004); Kongwa (Libert, 2004); Mamboya (Libert, 2004); Itigi (Libert, 2004); Kiboriani (Libert, 2004); Kongwe (Libert, 2004); Minziro (Libert, 2004); Mpanda (Libert, 2004); Mt Rungwe (Libert, 2004). Malawi – Chintilla (Libert, 2004); Mt Mulanje (Libert, 2004); Mt Zomba (Libert, 2004); Mzimba (Libert, 2004); Nyika N.P. (J. Timberlake, pers. comm., 2019). Zambia – Ikelenge (Heath et al., 2002); Choma (Heath et al., 2002); Lusaka (Heath et al., 2002); Chalimbana (Heath et al., 2002); Miengwe (Heath et al., 2002); Ndola (Heath et al., 2002); Mufulira (Heath et al., 2002); Mbala (Heath et al., 2002); Makutu Mountains (Heath et al., 2002); Mafinga Mountains (Heath et al., 2002); Nyika (Heath et al., 2002); Chambezi (Libert, 2004); Kape George (Libert, 2004); Luangwa Valley (Libert, 2004); Luwingu (Libert, 2004); Mutinondo-S (Libert, 2004); Mpika (Libert, 2004). Mozambique – Dondo (Pringle et al., 1994); Xiluvo (Pringle et al., 1994); Amatongas (Pringle et al., 1994); Garuso (Pringle et al., 1994); Njesi Plateau (Congdon et al., 2010); Mt Inago (Congdon

17 et al., 2010); Mt Namuli (Congdon et al., 2010); Mt Mabu (Congdon et al., 2010); Mt Mecula [-12.0772 37.6297] (Congdon & Bayliss, 2013; erroneously as caerulea); Mt Yao [-12.4432 36.5114] (Congdon & Bayliss, 2013; erroneously as caerulea). Zimbabwe – Rutenga (Pringle et al., 1994); Bikita (Pringle et al., 1994); Hot Springs (Pringle et al., 1994); Mutare (Pringle et al., 1994); Vumba (Pringle et al., 1994); Butler North (Pringle et al., 1994); Trelawney (Pringle et al., 1994); the Umwukwes (Pringle et al., 1994); Nyanga (Pringle et al., 1994); Bromley (Pringle et al., 1994); Chimaninmani Mountains (Pringle et al., 1994); Harare (Libert, 2004); Katiyo (Libert, 2004); Marandella (Libert, 2004); Mazoe (Libert, 2004) (Libert, 2004); Mumbwe (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Savanna. Habits: Males hilltop and both sexes come to flowers. The flight of the male is very fast but females fly more slowly (Larsen, 1991c). When hilltopping, males select perches on leaves quite low down (Pringle et al., 1994). Flight period: August-September and November to May; it is commoner during the second period (Pringle et al., 1994). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

P. zela species-group

P. zela sub-group

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zela (Hewitson, [1869]) Blue-edged Playboy

Hypolycaena zela Hewitson, [1869]. In: Hewitson, [1862-78]. Illustrations of diurnal lepidoptera. Lycaenidae: 14 (Suppl.) (1: 1-228; 2: 95 pp.; Supplement: 1-48.). London. Pilodeudorix zela (Hewitson, 1869). Stempffer, 1967. Pilodeudorix zela (Hewitson, 1869). Kielland, 1990d. Pilodeudorix zela Hewitson, 1869. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zela (Hewitson, 1869). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix zela. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Zambezi Rapids, Ikelenge, Zambia. 14 September 2003. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Type locality: Sierra Leone: “Sherborough Island”. Lectotype (male) designated by Libert (2004): Sherborough Island, Sierra Leone; N.H.M., London. Paralectotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Sherborough Island, Sierra Leone; N.H.M., London.

18 Distribution of Pilodeudorix zela

Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia.

Distribution: Senegal (Basse Casamance), Guinea-Bissau (Libert, 2004), Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast (Warren-Gash, pers. comm., 2002), Ghana, Benin (south), Nigeria (south and Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (Kinshasa, Lualaba, Tanganika), Uganda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia (north) (Libert, 2004). Not recorded from Zambia by Heath et al., 2002. Specific localities: Senegal – Kabrousse, Casamance (Libert, 2004). Guinea-Bissau – Buba (Libert, 2004). Guinea – Conakry (Libert, 2004); Dubreka (Libert, 2004); Mamou (Libert, 2004); Labe (Libert, 2004); Mount Nimba (Libert, 2004); Ziama (Safian et al., 2020). Sierra Leone – Sherborough Island (TL). Liberia – Harbel (Libert, 2004). Ivory Coast – Banco (Libert, 2004); Mount Peko (Libert, 2004); Niangon (Libert, 2004); Tai (Libert, 2004); Touba (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Amedzofe (Libert, 2004); Bia (Libert, 2004); Ho (Libert, 2004); Kibi (Libert, 2004); Kumasi (Libert, 2004); Likpe (Libert, 2004). Benin – see Coache et al. (2017). Nigeria – Ibadan (Libert, 2004); Ikom (Libert, 2004); Mamu Awka (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Efulen (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Samal (Libert, 2004); Sangmelima (Libert, 2004); Yafounou (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Ogowe (Libert, 2004); Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Dimonika (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Kinshasa (Libert, 2004); Irumu (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Nyakalonge (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Tero Forest (Libert, 2004); Katera (Libert, 2004); Kibale (Libert, 2004). Burundi – Bujumbura (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Mpanda (Kielland, 1990d); Kigoma (Kielland, 1990d); Mwanihana Mountain in the Uzungwa Range (Kielland, 1990d); Bukoba (Libert, 2004); Kitengulu (Libert, 2004); Mkombola-Nguru (Libert, 2004); Mufindi (Libert, 2004); Ntungamo (Libert, 2004); Sitebi (Libert, 2004); Udzungwar-Sanje (Libert, 2004). Zambia – Mutinondo-Mpika (Libert, 2004); Ikelenge district (Gardiner, 2010b). Habitat: Forest, including dry forest (Larsen, 2005a). In Tanzania in open montane habitats with stunted trees and bushes and forest margins, from 1 200 to 2000 m (Kielland, 1990d). Riparian vegetation (Gardiner, 2010b). Habits: A generally scarce playboy that seems to be commomest in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Uganda and Tanzania (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

simplex Staudinger, 1891 (as sp. of Hypolycaena). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Iris 4: 61-157. “Sierra Leone”.

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zeloides (Butler, 1901) 19 Midnight-blue Playboy

Virachola zeloides Butler, 1901. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 7: 289 (288-291). Deudorix zeloides (Butler, 1901). Dickson & Kroon, 1978. Pilodeudorix zeloides (Butler, 1901). Kielland, 1990d. Deudorix (Pilodeudorix) zeloides (Butler, 1901). Pringle et al., 1994: 165. Pilodeudorix zeloides Butler, 1901. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zeloides (Butler, 1901). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix zeloides. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Cross Kopje, Mutare, Zimbabwe. 9 April 1994. Images M.C.Williams ex J. Greyling Collection.

Pilodeudorix zeloides. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Kangushwa Hill, Zambia. 15 December 1981. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Type locality: [Malawi]: Kasungu Mountain, Nyika, 5345 feet; 29 February, 1896; R. Crawshay; in the N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female): Mlanje, Malawi; 20 January, 1914; S.A. Neave; in the N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix zeloides

Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Angola, Mozambique, Zimbabwe.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania (west), 20 Malawi, Zambia, Angola (Libert, 2004), Mozambique, Zimbabwe (eastern border). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Kabongo (Libert, 2004); Kafakumba (Libert, 2004); Lumbumbashi (Libert, 2004); Lupweshi (Libert, 2004); Panda (Libert, 2004); Tshinkolobwe (Libert, 2004). Uganda – Buddo (Libert, 2004); Katera (Libert, 2004); Mpigi (Libert, 2004). Rwanda – Rusumu (Libert, 2004). Burundi – Kiabizi (Libert, 2004). Kenya – Uriri (Libert, 2004); Kuja Valley (Libert, 2004); Migori Valley (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Tukuyu (Kielland, 1990d); Ngara District (Kielland, 1990d); Nguru Mountains (Kielland, 1990d); Image Mountain (Kielland, 1990d); Mwanihana Forest (Kielland, 1990d); Mufindi (Kielland, 1990d); Bukoba (Libert, 2004); Kigoma (Libert, 2004); Kampiza (Libert, 2004); Mpanda (Libert, 2004); Iringa (Libert, 2004); Langenburg (Libert, 2004); Mbosi (Libert, 2004); Misofwe (Libert, 2004); Mufindi (Libert, 2004); Rondo (Libert, 2004); Songea (Libert, 2004); Udzungwae-Sanje (Libert, 2004); Tukuyu (Libert, 2004); Ufipa (Libert, 2004). Malawi – Kasungu Mountain, Nyika (TL); Misuku Hill (Libert, 2004); Mulanje (Libert, 2004); Mzuzu (Libert, 2004); Nkata Bay (Libert, 2004). Zambia – Ikelenge (Heath et al., 2002); Chalimbana (Heath et al., 2002); Chisamba (Heath et al., 2002); Ndola (Heath et al., 2002); Mufulira (Heath et al., 2002); Nyika (Heath et al., 2002); Luangwa Valley (Libert, 2004); Lusaka (Libert, 2004); Serenge (Libert, 2004); Shiwa Ngandu (Libert, 2004). Mozambique – Dondo (Pringle et al., 1994); Amatongas (Pringle et al., 1994); Savanne (Libert, 2004). Angola – Bailundo (Libert, 2004); Chianga (Libert, 2004). Mozambique – Dondo (Pringle et al., 1994); Amatongas (Pringle et al., 1994); Savanne (Libert, 2004). Zimbabwe – Arcturus, east of Harare (Pringle et al., 1994); Christon Bank (Pringle et al., 1994); Mazowe Hills (Pringle et al., 1994); Mutare (Pringle et al., 1994; male illustrated above); Rutenga (Pringle et al., 1994); Pungwe (Pringle et al., 1994); Farm Sambenyara, Vumba (Barnes). Habitat: Open habitats with stunted trees and bushes, at altitudes from 800 to 2 000 m in Tanzania (Kielland, 1990d). Habits: Males hilltop, coming to the tops of hills early (10h00) and leaving early. Males tend to settle low down, often in semi-shade and are very wary. Females are most often met on the slopes, frequently while feeding from flowers (Pringle et al., 1994). Flight period: August to May (Pringle et al., 1994). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. (Chrysobalanaceae) [Heath et al., 2002: 102].

P. catori sub-group

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) catori (Bethune-Baker, 1903) Cator’s Fairy Playboy

Deudorix catori Bethune-Baker, 1903. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 12: 331 (324-334). Pilodeudorix catori (Bethune-Baker, 1903). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix catori Bethune-Baker, 1903. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) catori (Bethune-Baker, 1903). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix catori. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Monogaga, near San Pedro, Ivory Coast. 24 July 1996. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Type locality: Sierra Leone. Holotype (male) in the N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female): Moyamba, Sierra Leone; 19 March 1903; in the N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix catori

Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Benin, Nigeria.

Distribution: Senegal (Basse Casamance), Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Benin (central), Nigeria (south and Cross River loop), ?Cameroon (west). Specific localities: Guinea – Dubreka (Libert, 2004). Sierra Leone – Guma (Libert, 2004); Kholifa (Libert, 2004); Moyamba (Libert, 2004); Yonni (Libert, 2004). Ivory Coast – Bereby (Libert, 2004); Maraoue (Libert, 2004); Monogaga (Libert, 2004); Mount Peko (Libert, 2004); Mount Sangbe (Libert, 2004); Tai (Libert, 2004); Vavouva (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Amedzofe (Libert, 2004); Ho (Libert, 2004); Kyabobo (Libert, 2004); Mate (Libert, 2004); Takoradi (Libert, 2004); near Cape Coast (Larsen, 2005a). Benin – see Coache et al. (2017). Nigeria – Olokemeji (Talbot, 1935); Lagos (Libert, 2004); Faschola (Libert, 2004); Mamu Awka (Libert, 2004); Omo (Libert, 2004); Oyo (Libert, 2004); Uwet (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Dry forest and forest mosaics (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: A scarce species (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

anetta Talbot, 1935 (as ssp. of Deudorix anetia). Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 71: 76 (69-78, 115- 127, 147-153). Nigeria: “Lagos: Olokemeji, 90 miles north of Lagos, 277 ft.”. Synonymized with Pilodeudorix catori by Libert (2004c) and Larsen (2005a).

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) anetia (Hulstaert, 1924) Hulstaert’s Fairy Playboy

Deudorix anetia Hulstaert, 1924. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaine 12: 120 (112-122, 173-194). Pilodeudorix anetia (Hulstaert, 1924). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Pilodeudorix anetia Hulstaert, 1924. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) anetia (Hulstaert, 1924). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix anetia. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 26mm. Dola Hill, Ndola, Zambia. 15:VI:75. A. Heath. (African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi).

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Coquilhatville; Uele” [correctly Mbandakai; see Berger, 1981]; 31 May 1912; Dr. Christy; in the M.R.A.C., Tervuren. Neallotype (female): Paulis, Democratic Republic of Congo; 9 August, 1958; Dr. Fontaine; in the M.R.A.C., Tervuren.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix anetia

Nigeria, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia.

Distribution: Nigeria (east), Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Tanzania (north-west), Zambia. Specific localities: Nigeria – Ikom (Libert, 2004; single male). Cameroon – Bonepoupa (Libert, 2004); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Koukoue (Libert, 2004); Mbidou (Libert, 2004). Congo – Kuilu (Libert, 2004); Sembe (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Mbandakai, Uele (TL); Beni (Libert, 2004); Mount Hoyo (Libert, 2004); Bombo Lumene (Libert, 2004); Coquilhatville (Libert, 2004); Epulu (Libert, 2004); Kiri (Libert, 2004); Kisnagani (Libert, 2004); Paulis (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Budongo (Libert, 2004); Bwamba (Libert, 2004); Toro (Libert, 2004); Katera (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Kere Hill, Minziro Forest (common) (Congdon & Collins, 1998); Kikuru Forest (Congdon & Collins, 1998); Munene Forest (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Zambia – Dola Hill, Ndola (single male) (Heath) (Heath et al., 2002; specimen illustrated above). Habitat: Primary forest. Habits: A relatively common species, when compared to its close relative Pilodeudorix catori (Larsen, 2005a). Flies on forest margins and in the forest canopy (Congdon & Collins, 1998). 23 Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) bemba (Neave, 1910)

Deudorix bemba Neave, 1910. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1910: 44 (2-86). Pilodeudorix bemba (Neave, 1910). Kielland, 1990d. Pilodeudorix bemba Neave, 1910. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) bemba (Neave, 1910). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix bemba male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Tanzania. Images courtesy Colin Congdon.

Type locality: [Zambia]: “Luwingu, north of Lake Bangweolo”. Described from a single female (the holotype); in the Hope Department, Oxford. Neallotype (male): Chililabombwe, Zambia; June, 1969; I. Loe; in the Hope Department, Oxford. Diagnosis: Male upperside deep blue, narrowly black at forewing apex (Congdon & Bampton, unpublished 2003).

Distribution of Pilodeudorix bemba

Zambia.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (Shaba) [no confirmed records according to Congdon & Bampton, unpublished 2003], Tanzania (south-west) [no confirmed records according to Congdon & Bampton, unpublished 2003], Zambia. Specific localities: Zambia – Luwingu, north of Lake Bangweolo (TL); Shiwa Ngandu (Heath, 1974); Chililabombwe (Heath, 1974); Ndola (Heath, 1974); Mutinondo Wilderness Area, Mpika (Congdon & Bampton, unpublished 2003). Habitat: Miombo Woodland (Gardiner, 2010b). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

24 Note: Berger (1981) suggested that this taxon is based on a misidentification of a female of Deudorix kafuensis Neave, 1910. Re-iterated by Heath et al. (2002: 102) but not formally synonymized by them. Shown to be a valid species by Congdon & Collins (unpublished) and Libert (2004c).

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) hamidou Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix hamidou Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 43 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Pilodeudorix hamidou Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) hamidou Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: Cameroon: Bitje, Ja River; Bates; in the M.N.H.N., Paris.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix hamidou

Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Gabon.

Distribution: Ivory Coast, Cameroon (west and south), Gabon. Specific localities: Ivory Coast – Banco Forest, near Abidjan (H. Warren-Gash, vide Larsen, 2005a; single male). Cameroon – Bitje (TL); Mt Ngoekele (Libert, 2004); Efulen (Libert, 2004); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Lolodorf (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Camp Nouna (Vande weghe, 2010). Habitat: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) gagnoti Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix gagnoti Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 43 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Pilodeudorix gagnoti Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) gagnoti Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: Central African Republic: Yakoli; February, 1987; holotype (male) in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Allotype female: Yakoli, Central African Republic; July 1998; in A.B.R.I., Nairobi.

25 Distribution of Pilodeudorix gagnoti

Congo, Central African Republic.

Distribution: Congo, Central African Republic. Specific localities: Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Yakoli (TL); Bimon (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

P.jacksoni sub-group

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) jacksoni (Talbot, 1935) Jackson’s Playboy

Deudorix (Virachola) jacksoni Talbot, 1935. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 71: 206 (202-209). Pilodeudorix jacksoni Talbot, 1935. Libert, 2004c. Pilodeudorix jacksoni Talbot, 1935. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) jacksoni (Talbot, 1935). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix jacksoni. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Zambezi Rapids, Ikelenge, Zambia. 19 April 2004. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Pilodeudorix jacksoni. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 33mm. Mufulira, Zambia. 4100 ft. Ex pupa, 29-IX-1982. M.A. Newport. (Newport Collection).

Type locality: Uganda: “Entebbe, 1905 (E.A. Minchin)”. Holotype (male) in the N.H.M., London. Allotype (female) in the Hope Department, Oxford.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix jacksoni

Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (south-west), Kenya (west), Tanzania, Zambia (north-west), Mozambique (Congdon et al., 2010). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Beni (Libert, 2004); Musonoie, southern DRC (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Entebbe (TL); Kayonza (Libert, 2004); Kamengo (Libert, 2004); Kigezi (Libert, 2004); Mt Elgon (Libert, 2004); Mpigi (Libert, 2004); Toro (Libert, 2004). Kenya – Trans Nzoia (Jackson, 1937); Mt Elgon (Larsen, 1991c); Soy (Larsen, 1991c); Rongai (Larsen, 1991c); Chepalungu (Libert, 2004); Endebess (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Usambara Mountains (Kielland, 1990d); Tukuyu (Congdon, vide Kielland, 1990d; two males); Amani (Libert, 2004); Ambangulu (Libert, 2004); Mbizi-Ufipa (Libert, 2004); Karagwe-Kitengulu (Libert, 2004). Zambia – Mufulira (male and female illustrated above); 40 km east of Mwinilunga (A. Gardiner, vide Heath et al., 2002); Lupisha (Libert, 2004). Mozambique – Mt Mabu (Congdon et al., 2010). Habitat: The ecotone between forest and savanna, especially riverine vegetation (Larsen, 1991c). Habits: This is an uncommon butterfly with a fast flight (Larsen, 1991c). Early stages:

Jackson, 1937: 211. [Trans Nzoia, Kenya]. “The larva feeds on the young leaves of Loranthus usuiensis Oliv. (Loranthaceae). Larva. Dark rich brown, with a patch on the dorsal region of segments 2 and 3 much lighter brown, surrounded by a square of black. It is covered with short black spiny hair. The segments are strongly incised, and along the sides are rows of deep, pit-like depressions. The shape is slug-like, tapering from the centre to both extremities, the dorsal region being broad but not markedly ridged. Collar heavy, and spiracles plainly visible and black. Thin, short

27 tubercles are present on the anal segments, half-way between the centre and the edges; they are exserted vertically, and above them is a gland with an oval deep-seated orifice. Length 20 mm; breadth 6 mm. Pupa. Broad and foreshortened, brown with a black dorsal line and heavy black lateral markings. Head-case broad and rounded, thorax also broad and evenly curved, with a slight depression between it and the abdominal segments. It is placed flat on a leaf, the surface of which has been previously cleaned and smoothed, and another leaf drawn down over the top by silk threads. Length 10 mm; breadth 6 mm. Parasites. Tetrastichus sculpturatus Waterst. (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) was bred.”

Larval food: Albizia gummifera (J.F.Gmel.) C.A.Sm. (Fabaceae) [Collins, vide Larsen, 1991c]. Erianthemum dregei (Eckl. & Zeyr.) Tiegh. (Loranthaceae) [Heath et al., 2002: 104]. Phragmanthera usuiensis (Oliv.) M.G.Gilbert (Loranthaceae) [Jackson, 1937: 211; as Loranthus usuiensis Oliv.; Kenya].

P. zelomina species-group

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zelomina (Rebel, 1914)

Deudorix zelomina Rebel, 1914. Annalen des (K.K.) Naturhistorischen Museums. Wien 28: 265 (219-294). Pilodeudorix zelomima (Rebel, 1914). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. [misspelling of species name?] Pilodeudorix zelomina Rebel, 1914. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zelomina (Rebel, 1914). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix zelomina zelomina. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 25mm. Mafinga, N.E. Zambia. 20.IX.81. (African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi).

Pilodeudorix zelomina zelomina. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 25mm. Mafinga Mtn, N.E. Zambia, 6300 ft. 9/81. I. Bampton. (African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi).

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Rangebirgen am Nordwestufer des Tanganyika- Sees”. Holotype (male) in the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. Neallotype (female), designated by Libert (2004), in N.M.K., Nairobi, Kenya.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix zelomima

Ssp. zelomina (red) – Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia.

Ssp. rodgersi (green) – Tanzania.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (south-west), Rwanda (Kielland, 1990d), Burundi (Kielland, 1990d), Tanzania, Zambia. Habitat: Montane forest and margins (Kielland, 1990d). In Tanzania the nominate subspecies occurs at an altitude of about 1 900 m and subspecies rodgersi at altitudes from 1 200 to 2 140 m (Kielland, 1990d). Habits: Females fly along the margins of forest, settling on leaves and bracken fern (Kielland, 1990d). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zelomina zelomina (Rebel, 1914)

Deudorix zelomina Rebel, 1914. Annalen des (K.K.) Naturhistorischen Museums. Wien 28: 265 (219-294). Pilodeudorix zelomima (Rebel, 1914). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. [misspelling of species name?] Pilodeudorix zelomina zelomina Rebel, 1914. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zelomina zelomina (Rebel, 1914). Collins et al., 2014.

Pilodeudorix zelomina zelomina. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 25mm. Mafinga, N.E. Zambia. 20.IX.81. (African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi).

Pilodeudorix zelomina zelomina. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 25mm. Mafinga Mtn, N.E. Zambia, 6300 ft. 9/81. I. Bampton. (African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi).

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Rangebirgen am Nordwestufer des Tanganyika- Sees”. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (east – Kivu, mountains north-west of Lake Tanganyika), Uganda (south-west), Rwanda (Kielland, 1990d), Burundi (Kielland, 1990d), Tanzania (west), Zambia. Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Butuhe near Beni (Libert, 2004); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Kalinzu Forest (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Mount Sitebi at 1 900 m (Kielland, 1990d); ? Mt Bundali south of Mbeya (Libert, 2004). Zambia – Makutu Mountains (Heath et al., 2002); Mafinga Mountains (Heath and Fisher) (Heath et al., 2002; male and female illustrated above).

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zelomina rodgersi (Kielland, 1985)

Deudorix (Pilodeudorix) rodgersi Kielland, 1985. Lambillionea 84: 71 (67-92). Pilodeudorix zelomima rodgersi (Kielland, 1985). Libert, 2004c. [misspelling of species name?] Pilodeudorix zelomina rodgersi Kielland, 1985. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) zelomina rodgersi Kielland, 1985. Collins et al., 2014.

Type locality: Tanzania: “Uluguru, Bondwa Mt., (2140 m.)”. Holotype (male) in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Allotype (female) in N.H.M., London. Distribution: Tanzania (north-east). Specific localities: Tanzania – Bondwa Mountain, Uluguru Mountains (Kielland, 1990d); West Usambara Mountains (Kielland, 1990d); Mafwemiro Forest in the Rubehos (Kielland, 1990d); Bunduki, Uluguru Mountains (Libert, 2004); Udzungwa Mountains (Libert, 2004).

P. mera species-group

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) mera (Hewitson, 1873) Streaked Fairy Playboy

Male Streaked Fairy Playboy. Mpanga Forest, Uganda. Image courtesy Muhwezi Rogers.

Hypolycaena mera Hewitson, 1873. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 10: 124 (122-125). Pilodeudorix mera (Hewitson, 1873). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Hypokopelates mera Hewitson, 1873. d’Abrera, 2009: 776. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) mera (Hewitson, 1873). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Pilodeudorix mera mera. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Lisombo, Mwinilunga District, Zambia. 30 April 2001. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Pilodeudorix mera mera. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 26mm. Lisombo, Mwinilunga dist., Zambia. 30/iv/2001. (Gardiner Collection).

Type locality: Angola: “West Africa (Angola)”. Holotype (male) in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female): Etoumbi, Congo, III 1959 (T.H.E. Jackson); designated by Libert (2004); in M.N.H.N., Paris.

31 Distribution of Pilodeudorix mera

Ssp. mera (red) – Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Angola, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Zambia.

Ssp. kinumbensis (green) – Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania.

Distribution: Liberia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Angola, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia. Habitat: Primary forest. Habits: Very scarce in West Africa; commoner in the eastern parts of its distributional range (Larsen, 2005a). Males treetop, perching in the forest canopy (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) mera mera (Hewitson, 1873)

Hypolycaena mera Hewitson, 1873. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 10: 124 (122-125). Pilodeudorix mera (Hewitson, 1873). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Hypokopelates mera mera Hewitson, 1873. d’Abrera, 2009: 776. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) mera mera (Hewitson, 1873). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Pilodeudorix mera mera. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Lisombo, Mwinilunga District, Zambia. 30 April 2001. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Pilodeudorix mera mera. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 26mm. Lisombo, Mwinilunga dist., Zambia. 30/iv/2001. (Gardiner Collection).

Type locality: Angola: “West Africa (Angola)”. Holotype (male) in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female): Etoumbi, Congo, III 1959 (T.H.E. Jackson); designated by Libert (2004); in M.N.H.N., Paris. Distribution: Liberia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria (east and Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Angola (north), Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (Uele, Tshopo, Equateur, Kinshasa, Sankuru, Lualaba), Uganda (west), Zambia (north-west). Specific localities: Liberia – Wologizi (Safian et al., 2020). Ivory Coast – Mount Peko (H. Warren-Gash, vide Libert, 2004). Nigeria – near Butatong, Okwangwo (Larsen, 2005a); Ikom (Larsen, 2005a); Oban Hills (Libert, 2004); Umuhaia (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Mamfe (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010); Waka (Vande weghe, 2010); Lope N.P. (Vande weghe, 2010); camp Nouna (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Brazzaville (Libert, 2004); Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004); Kuilu (Libert, 2004); Odzala (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Yakoli (Libert, 2004); Bimon (Libert, 2004); Mokelo (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Kinshasha (Libert, 2004); Eala (Libert, 2004); Boende (Libert, 2004); Lukolela (Libert, 2004); Paulis (Libert, 2004); Kisangani (Libert, 2004); Mambasa (Libert, 2004); Omotumba (Libert, 2004); Kapanga (Libert, 2004); Kinda (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Central Forest Block (Ducarme, 2018). Zambia – Ikelenge (Heath and Fisher) (Heath et al., 2002); Zambezi Rapids (male illustrated above); Lisombo (female illustrated above).

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) mera kinumbensis (Dufrane, 1945)

Deudorix (Hypokopelates) mera f. kinumbensis Dufrane, 1945. Bulletin et Annales de la Société Royale Entomologique de Belgique 81: 120 (90-143). Pilodeudorix mera kinumbensis (Dufrane, 1945). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Hypokopelates mera kinumbensis Dufrane, 1945. d’Abrera, 2009: 776. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) mera kinumbensis (Dufrane, 1945). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Kinumbe”. Neallotype (female): Beni, Democratic Republic of Congo, II 1990, R. Ducarme; designated by Libert, 2004. Holtype (male) and Neallotype in Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (east), Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania (north-west). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Kinumbe, Kivu (TL); Beni (Libert, 2004); Mt Hoyo (Libert, 2004); Parc National Albert (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Blue (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Toro (Libert, 2004); Bwamba (Libert, 2004); Itwara (Libert, 2004); Kalinzu (Libert, 2004); Kamengo (Libert, 2004); Budongo (Libert, 2004); Katera (Libert, 2004)Kayonza (Libert, 2004); Kigezi (Libert, 2004); Entebbe (Libert, 2004). Rwanda – Rugege, Lake Kivu (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Kere Hill, Minziro Forest (Congdon & Collins, 1998); Kikuru Forest (Congdon & Collins, 1998); Munene Forest (single female) (Congdon & Collins, 1998).

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) azurea (Stempffer, 1964)

33 Deudorix (Hypokopelates) azurea Stempffer, 1964. Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Afrique Noire (A) 26: 1280 (1226-1287). Pilodeudorix azurea (Stempffer, 1964). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Hypokopelates azurea Stempffer, 1964. d’Abrera, 2009: 776. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) azurea (Stempffer, 1964). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix azurea

Ssp. azurea (red) – Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda.

Ssp. collinsi (green) – Kenya, Zambia.

Distribution: Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Zambia. Habitat: Primary forest. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) azurea azurea (Stempffer, 1964)

Deudorix (Hypokopelates) azurea Stempffer, 1964. Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Afrique Noire (A) 26: 1280 (1226-1287). Pilodeudorix azurea (Stempffer, 1964). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Hypokopelates azurea azurea Stempffer, 1964. d’Abrera, 2009: 776. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) azurea azurea (Stempffer, 1964). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Uganda: “S W Uganda, Kigezi, Kayonza Forest”. Holotype (male) in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female): Muleke, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo 15 VIII 2002 (R. Ducarme); designated by Libert, 2004; in M.R.A.C., Tervuren, Belgium. Distribution: Congo (a single specimen from Etoumbi), Democratic Republic of Congo (north-east), Uganda (south-west). Specific localities: Congo – Etoumbi. Democratic Republic of Congo – Djugu (Libert, 2004); Kineiki (Libert, 2004); Kabasha (Libert, 2004); Lume (Libert, 2004); Mihunga (Libert, 2004); Muleke (Libert, 2004); Rwahwa (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Blue (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Kayonza Forest, Kigezi (TL); Budongo (Libert, 2004); Kalinzu (Libert, 2004).

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) azurea collinsi Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix azurea collinsi Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 52 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Hypokopelates azurea collinsi Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 776. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) azurea collinsi Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Kenya: “Kakamega, W. Kenya”. Holotype (male): Kakamega, VI 1996 (S. Collins); in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Allotype (female): Kapsemoite, 6500 ft, N. Nandi, Kenya, XI 1979 (S. Collins); in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. 34 Distribution: Kenya (west), Zambia (north-west). Specific localities: Kenya – Kakamega (TL); Kapsemoite (Libert, 2019). Zambia – Isombo (Libert, 2019); Ikelenge (Libert, 2019).

P. aruma species-group

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma (Hewitson, 1873) Small Red Playboy

Hypolycaena aruma Hewitson, 1873. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 10: 124 (122-125). Pilodeudorix aruma (Hewitson, 1873). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Rubropelates aruma Hewitson, 1873. d’Abrera, 2009: 780 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma (Hewitson, 1873). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Gabon: “West Africa (Gaboon)”. Holotype (male): in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Etoumbi, Congo, XI 1958 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix aruma

Ssp. aruma (red) – Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic.

Ssp. simplex (green) – Democratic Republic of Congo.

Ssp. nigeriana (blue) – Nigeria.

Ssp. pallidior (yellow) – Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda.

Distribution: Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda. Habitat: Primary forest. Habits: Subspecies nigeriana, from eastern Nigeria, is rare, whereas the nominate, in the Cross River loop is much commoner (Larsen, 2005a). Males defend territories in sunny spots from perches a metre or two above the ground (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma aruma (Hewitson, 1873)

Hypolycaena aruma Hewitson, 1873. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 10: 124 (122-125). Pilodeudorix aruma (Hewitson, 1873). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Rubropelates aruma aruma Hewitson, 1873. d’Abrera, 2009: 780 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma aruma (Hewitson, 1873). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Gabon: “West Africa (Gaboon)”. Holotype (male): in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Etoumbi, Congo, XI 1958 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.H.M., London. Distribution: Nigeria (Cross River loop), Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic. Specific localities: Nigeria – Akpabuyo (Libert, 2004); Calabar (Libert, 2004); Ikom (Libert, 2004); Kwahimi (Libert, 2004); Mamu-Awka (Libert, 2004); Oban (Libert, 2004); Uwet (Libert, 2004).

35 Cameroon – Barombi (Libert, 2004); Kitta (Libert, 2004); Mamfe (Libert, 2004); Yaounde (Libert, 2004); Abong Mbang (Libert, 2004); Sangmelima (Libert, 2004); Lolodorf (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Mamelles (Libert, 2004); Deng Deng (Libert, 2004); Yokadouma (Libert, 2004). Equatorial Guinea – Benito (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Kangwe, Ogove River (Holland, 1892); Mimongo (Libert, 2004); Tchibanga (Libert, 2004); Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010); Lake Evaro (Vande weghe, 2010); Keri (Vande weghe, 2010); Lope N.P. (zone SEGC and Mikongo) (Vande weghe, 2010); Waka (Vande weghe, 2010); Langoue (Vande weghe, 2010); camp Nouna (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004); Kiulu (Libert, 2004); M’vouti (Libert, 2004); Odzala (Libert, 2004); Sembe (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004).

rava Holland, 1892 (as sp. of Hypolycaena). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 10: 286 (284- 294). [Gabon]: “Kangwe, Ogové River, W. Africa”.

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma simplex (Schultze, 1917)

Deudorix aruma var. simplex Schultze, 1917. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 82 (A.3.): 39 (34-39). Pilodeudorix aruma reducta Libert, 2004c. Unecessary replacement name (Larsen, 2005a). Pilodeudorix aruma simplex (Schultze, 1917). Larsen, 2005a. Rubropelates aruma reducta Hewitson, 1873. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. [ignores Larsen, 2005a] Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma simplex (Hewitson, 1873). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Kimuenza (Stanley Pool)”. Holotype (male): 5 IX 1910; in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Allotype (female): Kimuenza, Democratic Republic of Congo; 4 IX 1910; in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Kimuenza (TL); Katako-Kombe (Libert, 2004); Lualabourg (Libert, 2004); Mwene Ditu (Libert, 2004); Kapanga (Libert, 2004); Maluku (Libert, 2004); Kinshasa (Libert, 2004).

reducta Libert, 2004 (as ssp. of Pilodeudorix aruma). Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 68 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. [Unecessary replacement name for simplex according to Larsen, 2005a].

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma nigeriana Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix aruma nigeriana Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 69 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma nigeriana Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Nigeria: Mamu Forest, Awka (Onitsha). Holotype (female): III 1959; in M.N.H.N., Paris. Allotype (male): Mamu Forest, Awka (Onitsha); IV 1960; in M.N.H.N., Paris. Distribution: Nigeria (east). Specific localities: Nigeria – Mamu Forest (TL); Umuhaia (Libert, 2004).

Note: According to Larsen (2005a) one of the females from Mamu (subspecies nigeriana of aruma Hewitson 1873) is included with the nominate subspecies by Libert (2004c). D’Abrera (2009: 780) avers that nigeriana may be a synonym of aruma but does not emend its status. He does, however, omit it from his book.

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma pallidior Libert, 2004 36

Pilodeudorix aruma pallidior Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 68 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Rubropelates aruma pallidior Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 780. Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) aruma pallidior Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Democratic Republic of Congo: Paulis, Uele. Holotype (female): 3 II 1957 (Dr. M. Fontaine); in M.R.A.C., Tervuren, Belgium. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (west). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Paulis (TL); Ikela (Libert, 2004); Kisangani (Libert, 2004); Epulu (Libert, 2004); Mt Hoyo (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Lowa Valley (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Budongo (Libert, 2004).

Note: Libert (2004c) records both subspecies aruma and subspecies pallidior from Bangui, Central African Republic (Larsen, 2005a). Judging by the geographic distribution of the subspecies the Bangui specimens belong to the nominate subspecies (MCW).

Incertae sedis

*Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) csomae Collins, Libert & Safian, 2015

Pilodeudorix (Pilodeudorix) csomae Collins, Libert & Sáfián, 2015. Metamorphosis 26: 77 (62-78).

Type locality: Cameroon: Cameroon, Maan. vi. 2014. ABRI leg. Gen. prep.: SAFI00049. Coordinates: 2°22'25.79"N, 10°38'2.77"E, 530 m. Holotype (male) in the ABRI collection, Nairobi. Distribution: Cameroon.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix csomae

Cameroon.

Specific localities: Cameroon – Maan (TL). Habitat: Lowland forest (Safian et al., 2015). Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

P. angelita species-group

Subgenus Unikopelates d’Abrera, 2009

Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region – Part III: 777. Hill House, Melbourne. Type-species: Deudorix angelita Suffert, 1904, by original designation. Erected as a genus by d’Abrera (2009) but downgraded to a subgenus of Pilodeudorix by Collins et al., 2014.

A monobasic Afrotropical subgenus.

*Pilodeudorix (Unikopelates) angelita (Suffert, 1904) Angelita’s Playboy

Deudorix angelita Suffert, 1904. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Iris 17: 54 (12-107). Pilodeudorix angelita (Suffert, 1904). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Unikopelates angelita Suffert, 1904. d’Abrera, 2009: 777 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Unikopelates) angelita (Suffert, 1904). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Cameroon: “Yaunde [Yaounde], Süd-Camerun”. Holotype (female): VI-VIII 1897 (G. Zenker); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Neallotype (male) designated by Libert (2004); Ebogo, Cameroon, IV 1984 (M. Libert); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix angelita

Ssp. angelita (red) – Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Ssp. schultzei (green) – Nigeria, Cameroon.

Distribution: Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo. Misattrubuted to the fauna of Ivory Coast and Ghana by Carcasson (1981) (Larsen, 2005a). Habitat: Primary forest (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: Rare in the west (subspecies schultzei) but commoner further east (nominate subspecies) (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Unikopelates) angelita angelita (Suffert, 1904)

Deudorix angelita Suffert, 1904. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Iris 17: 54 (12-107). Pilodeudorix angelita (Suffert, 1904). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Unikopelates angelita angelita Suffert, 1904. d’Abrera, 2009: 777 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Unikopelates) angelita angelita (Suffert, 1904). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Cameroon: “Yaunde [Yaounde], Süd-Camerun”. Distribution: Cameroon (except west of mountains), Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (west and east). Specific localities: Cameroon – Yaounde (TL); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Badjang (Libert, 2004), Bitje (Libert, 2004); Dja (Libert, 2004); Lolodorf (Libert, 2004); Mbatschongo (Libert, 2004); Mouloundou (Libert, 38 2004). Equatorial Guinea – Benito (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Franceville (Libert, 2004); Oyem (Libert, 2004); Bitam (Vande weghe, 2010); Waka (Vande weghe, 2010); camp Nouna (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Dimonika (Libert, 2004); Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004); Mambili (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004); Moloukou (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Makala (Bethune-Baker, 1908); Katako-Kombe (Libert, 2004); Bongandanga (Libert, 2004); Epulu (Libert, 2004); Paulis (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Mt Hoyo (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Central Forest Block (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018).

makala Bethune-Baker, 1908 (as sp. of Deudoryx [sic]). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1908: 111 (110-126). [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Makala, Congo Free State”. Regarded to be a synonym of the nominate subspecies by Libert (2004) and Larsen (2005a: 220).

Pilodeudorix (Unikopelates) angelita schultzei (Aurivillius, 1906)

Deudorix schultzei Aurivillius, 1906. Archiv för Zoologi 3 (19): 2 (7 pp.). Pilodeudorix angelita schultzei (Aurivillius. 1907). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. [Date of authorship incorrect; should be 1906] Unikopelates angelita schultzei Aurivillius, 1907. d’Abrera, 2009: 777. [Date of authorship incorrect; should be 1906] Pilodeudorix (Unikopelates) angelita schultzei (Aurivillius, 1906). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Cameroon: “Kamerun: Manyeme”. Lectotype (female): Manyemen, N.W. Cameroon, 23 VIII 1905 (A. Schultze); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Paralectotype (male): Manyemen, N.W. Cameroon, 30 V 1905 (A. Schultze); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Distribution: Nigeria (Cross River loop), Cameroon (west of the mountains). Specific localities: Nigeria – Ikom (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Manyemen (TL; Libert, 2004).

Note: Larsen (2005a: 220) has reservations in regard to the validity of this subspecies.

P. otraeda species-group

Subgenus Strongylates d’Abrera, 2009

Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region – Part III: 777. Hill House, Melbourne. Type-species: Myrina otreada Hewitson, 1863, by original designation. (Etymology: Gr. strongilos = round in shape). Erected as a genus by d’Abrera (2009) but downgraded to a subgenus of Pilodeudorix by Collins et al., 2014.

An Afrotropical subgenus of three species.

*Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) otraeda (Hewitson, [1863]) Original Round-spot

39 Pilodeudorix otraeda (Hewitson, 1863). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Strongylates otraeda Hewitson, 1863. d’Abrera, 2009: 777. Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) otraeda (Hewitson, 1863). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Pilodeudorix otraeda genuba. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Ivindo, Gabon. 19 November 2017. J. Dobson. Images M.C. Williams ex Dobson Collection.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix otraeda

Ssp. otraeda (red) – Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana.

Ssp. genuba (green) – Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Angola, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia.

Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Angola (Mendes et al., 2018), Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia. Habitat: Primary forest. In Tanzania subspecies genuba occurs at altitudes between 800 and 1 500 m (Kielland, 1990d). Habits: A not uncommon species in Tanzania (Kielland, 1990d). Usually single specimens are found perched on a green leaf at the edges of forest or along forest paths (Larsen, 2005a). Males have been seen ‘treetopping’ in Ghana, in the crown of a tree about five metres high (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) otraeda otraeda (Hewitson, [1863])

Myrina otraeda Hewitson, [1863]. In: Hewitson, [1862-78]. Illustrations of diurnal lepidoptera. Lycaenidae: 29 (1: 1-228; 2: 95 pp.; Supplement: 1-48.). London. Hypokopelates otraeda (Hewitson, 1863). Kielland, 1990d. Pilodeudorix otraeda (Hewitson, 1863). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Strongylates otraeda otraeda Hewitson, 1863. d’Abrera, 2009: 777. Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) otraeda otraeda (Hewitson, 1863). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Sierra Leone: “Sierra Leone”. Holotype (male) in the Hope Department, Oxford. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Njala, Sierra Leone, 21 XII 1932 (E. Hargreaves); in N.H.M., London. Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana. Specific localities: Guinea – Konakry (Libert, 2004); Nakoulima (Libert, 2004); Ratoma (Libert, 2004); Ziama (Safian et al., 2020). Sierra Leone – Banta (Libert, 2004); Batakamu (Libert, 2004); Njala (Libert, 2004); Rotifunk (Libert, 2004); Tiani (Libert, 2004). Ivory Coast – Alepe (Libert, 2004); Bayota (Libert, 2004); Issia (Libert, 2004); Tai (Libert, 2004); Yapo (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Amedzofe (Libert, 2004); Hohoe (Libert, 2004); Kpandu (Libert, 2004); Kumasi (Libert, 2004); Sagamase (Libert, 2004); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2004).

Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) otraeda genuba (Hewitson, 1875)

Myrina genuba Hewitson, 1875. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 11: 206? (226-227). Pilodeudorix otraeda genuba (Hewitson, 1875). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Strongylates otraeda genuba Hewitson, 1875. d’Abrera, 2009: 777. Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) otraeda genuba (Hewitson, 1875). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Pilodeudorix otraeda genuba. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Ivindo, Gabon. 19 November 2017. J. Dobson. Images M.C. Williams ex Dobson Collection.

Pilodeudorix otraeda genuba. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 25mm. Isombo, Ikelenge, Zambia. 9.V.83. D. Heath. (African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi). 41

Type locality: Cameroon: “Cameroons, West Africa”. Holotype (male) in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Bonepoupa, S. Cameroon, VI 1987 (M. Libert); in N.H.M., London. Distribution: Nigeria (south), Cameroon, Gabon, Angola (Mendes et al., 2018), Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (west), Tanzania (west), Zambia (north- west). Specific localities: Nigeria – Ikom (D’Abrera, 1980); Okomu (Libert, 2004); Oshodi (Libert, 2004); Uwet (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Mamfe (Libert, 2004); Deng Deng (Libert, 2004); Yaounde (Libert, 2004)/ Gabon – Ogowe (Libert, 2004); Ipassa (Libert, 2004); Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010); Waka (Vande weghe, 2010); Lope N.P. (Vande weghe, 2010); Langoue (Vande weghe, 2010); camp Nouna (Vande weghe, 2010); Ekouyi (Vande weghe, 2010); camp PPG (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Brazzaville (Libert, 2004); Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004); Kuilu (Libert, 2004); Odzala (Libert, 2004); Ouesso (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004); Moloukou (Libert, 2004); Mbata (Libert, 2004); Lobaye (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Kinshasa (Libert, 2004); Kasai (Libert, 2004); Kafakumba (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Central Forest Block (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Bwamba (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Kigoma (Kielland, 1990d); Mpanda (Kielland, 1990d). Zambia – Lisombo River (Heath et al., 2002); Ikelenge (Heath and Mitchell) (Heath et al., 2002); Isombo, Ikelenge (male and female illustrated above).

Note: Larsen (2005a) avers that genuba may be a species distinct from otraeda.

sevastopulo d’Abrera, 1980 (as sp. of Hypokopelates). Butterflies of the Afrotropical region: 520 (593 pp.). Melbourne. Nigeria: “Ikom, Nigera [sic]”. Considered to be a junior synonym of Pilodeudorix otraeda genuba by Libert (2004) and Larsen (2005a: 221).

*Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) leonina (Bethune-Baker, 1904) Dark Round-spot

Deudorix leonina Bethune-Baker, 1904. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 14: 231 (222-233). Pilodeudorix leonina (Bethune-Baker, 1904). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Strongylates leonina Bethune-Baker, 1904. d’Abrera, 2009: 778. Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) leonina (Bethune-Baker, 1904). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Sierra Leone: “in the near hinterland of Sierra Leone”. Holotype (male): Moyamba, Sierra Leone, 5 I 1907 (D. Cator); in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Moyamba, Sierra Leone, 1 II 1902 (D. Cator); in N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix leonina

Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana.

Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana. 42 Specific localities: Guinea – Mt Nimba (Libert, 2004). Sierra Leone – Moyamba (Libert, 2004). Liberia – Wologizi (Safian et al., 2020). Ivory Coast – Adiopodoume (Libert, 2004); Agboville (Libert, 2004); Alepe (Libert, 2004); Assinie (Libert, 2004); Banco (Libert, 2004); Tai (Libert, 2004); Yapo (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Agona (Libert, 2004); Amedzofe (Libert, 2004); Anfoega (Libert, 2004); Ankasa (Libert, 2004); Bia (Libert, 2004); Cape 3 Points (Libert, 2004); Dzolu (Libert, 2004); Kibi (Libert, 2004); Nyakron (Libert, 2004); Sagamase (Libert, 2004); Takoradi (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Primary forest, and, to a lesser extent, secondary forest with a closed canopy (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: Not a very common species and usually found as singles in and around forests (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) dimitris (d’Abrera, 1980)

Hypokopelates dimitris d’Abrera, 1980. Butterflies of the Afrotropical region: 520 (593 pp.). Melbourne. Pilodeudorix leonina dimitris (D’Abrera, 1980). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Strongylates dimitris d’Abrera, 1980. d’Abrera, 2009: 778 stat. rev. Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) dimitris (d’Abrera, 1980). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix dimitris

Ssp. dimitris (red) – Nigeria, Cameroon.

Ssp. indentata (green) – Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda.

Distribution: Nigeria (south and Cross River loop), Cameroon (west, south-east), Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (west). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) dimitris dimitris (d’Abrera, 1980)

Hypokopelates dimitris d’Abrera, 1980. Butterflies of the Afrotropical region: 520 (593 pp.). Melbourne. Pilodeudorix leonina dimitris (D’Abrera, 1980). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Strongylates dimitris d’Abrera, 1980. d’Abrera, 2009: 778 stat. rev. Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) dimitris dimtris (d’Abrera, 1980). Collins et al., 2014: 113 comb. nov.

Type locality: Nigeria: “Ikom, Nigera [sic]”. Holotype (male): Ikom, Ogoja Prov., Nigeria, III 1952 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female): Mamfe, Cameroon, VII 1956 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.H.M., London. Distribution: Nigeria (south and Cross River loop), Cameroon (west, south-east). Specific localities: Nigeria – Ikom (TL); Afi (Libert, 2004); Agege (Libert, 2004); Eket (Libert, 2004); Ikom (Libert, 43 2004); Mamu-Awka (Libert, 2004); Oban (Libert, 2004); Okomu (Libert, 2004); Oni (Libert, 2004); Oshodi (Libert, 2004); Umuhaia (Libert, 2004); Uwet (Libert, 2004); Warri (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Etuku (Libert, 2004); Funge (Libert, 2004); Mamfe (Libert, 2004); Tawo (Libert, 2004); Yabassi (Libert, 2004).

Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) dimitris indentata Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix leonina indentata Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 1980. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium: 63. Synonym of Strongylates dimitris (d’Abrera, 1980). d’Abrera, 2009: 778. Pilodeudorix (Strongylates) dimitris indentata Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014: 113. stat. nov.

Type locality: Central African Republic: Bimon (Bangui). Holotype (female): IV 1989 (S. Collins); in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Allotype (male): Yakoli (Bangui), CAR, IX 1997 (S. Collins); in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Distribution: Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda. Specific localities: Cameroon – Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Meyo Messi (Libert, 2004); Mt Febe (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Nyonie (Vande weghe, 2010); Ipassa (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Ketta (Libert, 2004); Koubotchi (Libert, 2004); Mah (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004); Moloukou (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Beni (Libert, 2004); Kinshasa (Libert, 2004); Epulu (Libert, 2004); Kapanga (Libert, 2004); Katako-Kombe (Libert, 2004); Lowa Valley (Libert, 2004); Lake Tumba (Libert, 2004); Paulis (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Bwamba (Libert, 2004).

P. virgata species-group

Subgenus Kopelates Druce, 1891

Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 7: 364 (364-367). Type-species: Kopelates virgata Druce, by original designation. Synonymized with Pilodeudorix by Libert, 2004c. Re-instated as a genus by d’Abrera, 2009: 776. Downgraded to a subgenus of Pilodeudorix by Collins et al., 2014.

= Actis Karsch, 1895. Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin 21: 315 (289-322). Type-species: Actis mimeta Karsch, by subsequent designation (Hemming, 1960. Annotationes lepidopterologicae (Part 1): 8 (7-11).). Synonymized by Libert, 2004c.

An Afrotropical subgenus of seven species.

*Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) virgata (Druce, 1891) Small Green-streaked Playboy

Kopelates virgata Druce, 1891. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6) 7: 365 (364-367). Pilodeudorix virgata (Druce, 1891). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Kopelates virgata Karsch, 1895. d’Abrera, 2009: 776. 44 Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) virgata (Druce, 1891). Collins et al., 2014: 112 comb. nov.

Type locality: Sierra Leone: “Sierra Leone”. Holotype (male): (Stevens); in N.H.M., London. Allotype (female): Sierra Leone (Stevens); in N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix virgata

Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, ?Uganda.

Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria (south, east and Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (northern half), ?Uganda. Misattributed, in all probability, to the Togo butterfly fauna (Larsen, 2005a). Specific localities: Guinea – Ziama (Safian et al., 2020). Sierra Leone – Bandajuma (Libert, 2004); Freetown (Libert, 2004); Tani (Libert, 2004). Liberia – Ganta (Libert, 2004); Wologizi (Safian et al., 2020). Ivory Coast – Abengourou (Libert, 2004); Alepe (Libert, 2004); Azagny (Libert, 2004); Banco (Libert, 2004); Bayota (Libert, 2004); Danane (Libert, 2004); Monogaga (Libert, 2004); Tai (Libert, 2004); Mt Tonkoui (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Ankasa (Libert, 2004); Cape 3 Points (Libert, 2004); Sagamase (Libert, 2004); Takoradi (Libert, 2004). Nigeria – Ikom (Libert, 2004); Oban (Libert, 2004); Ubiaja (Libert, 2004); Uwet (Libert, 2004); Umuhaia (Libert, 2004); Sapoba (Larsen, 2005a). Cameroon – Mamfe (Libert, 2004); Kribi (Libert, 2004); Bombe (Libert, 2004); Edea (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Mbidou (Libert, 2004); Mt Kala (Libert, 2004); Yokadouma (Libert, 2004); Korup (Larsen, 2005a). Gabon – Ogowe (Libert, 2004); Pongara (Vande weghe, 2010); Mondah (Vande weghe, 2010); Kinguele (Vande weghe, 2010); Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010); Waka (Vande weghe, 2010); Okondja (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004); Kuilu (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Dzanga (Noss, 1998); Bangui (Libert, 2004); Moloukou (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Flandria (Libert, 2004); Kimuenza (Libert, 2004); Lukolela (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Forest in good condition (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: A generally uncommon species, usually found perched singly on a green leaf (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

gracilis Staudinger, 1891 (as sp. of Hypolycaena). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Iris 4: 152 (61- 157). Sierra Leone.

*Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) virgatoides Libert, Collins & Sáfián, 2015

Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) virgatoides Libert, Collins & Sáfián, 2015. Metamorphosis 26: 63 (62-78).

Type locality: Democratic Republic of Congo: Lukolela, Equateur, DRC, v–vi.2013, ABRI leg., Coordinates: 01°38'52"S 17°11'26"E Elevation 320 m. Gen. prep: SAFI00051. Holotype (male) in 45 ABRI collection, Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix virgatoides

Democratic Republic of Congo.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Lukolela, Equateur (TL); Kasuo, North Kivu (Safian et al., 2015), Mamove, Kivu (Safian et al., 2015), Kithokolo, North Kivu (Safian et al., 2015); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Habitat: Lowland forest (Safian et al., 2015). Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

P. ula species-group

*Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) ula (Karsch, 1895) Cobalt Playboy

Actis ula Karsch, 1895. Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin 21: 316 (289-322). Pilodeudorix ula (Karsch, 1895). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Kopelates ula Karsch, 1895. d’Abrera, 2009: 776 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) ula (Karsch, 1895). Collins et al., 2014: 112 comb. nov.

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Mukenge”. Holotype (male): (P. Pogge); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix ula

Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda.

Distribution: Nigeria (west and Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (west). Misattributed to the Ivory Coast fauna by Carcasson (1981) (Larsen, 2005a). Specific localities: Nigeria – near Benin City (Larsen, 1991c: 205); Ikom (Libert, 2004); Omo Forest (Larsen, 2005a).

46 Cameroon – Yukaduma [=Yokadouma] (Aurivillius, 1923); Assobam Forest (Aurivillius, 1923); N’gola (Aurivillius, 1923); Bascho (Libert, 2004); Bitje (Libert, 2004); Mamfe (Libert, 2004); Kumba (Libert, 2004); Edea (Libert, 2004); Bule country (Libert, 2004); Mambioko (Libert, 2004); Mt Kala (Libert, 2004); Sardi (Libert, 2004); Yende (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Ogowe (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004); Kuilu (Libert, 2004); Sembe (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004); Moloukou (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Mukenge (TL); Lukolela (Libert, 2004); Mbandaka (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Budongo (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Primary forest (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: A rare species, but less so in Cameroon and Congo (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

nigrostriata Aurivillius, 1923. In: Schultze & Aurivillius, 1923 (as ab. of Deudorix ula). Ergebnisse der Zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika Expedition 1(17): 1215 (1113-1242). Cameroon: “Süd-Kamerun: Yukaduma und Yukaduma-Urwald; Assobam-Urwald; N’gola”.

P. mimeta species-group

*Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mimeta (Karsch, 1895) Green-and-orange Playboy

Actis mimeta Karsch, 1895. Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin 21: 315 (289-322). Pilodeudorix mimeta (Karsch, 1895). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Kopelates mimeta Karsch, 1895. d’Abrera, 2009: 776 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mimeta (Karsch, 1895). Collins et al., 2014: 112 comb. nov.

Pilodeudorix mimeta mimeta. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 26mm. Female. Zambezi rapids, Copper Belt, Zambia. 91.12.24. H.G. Butler. (Henning collection – H391).

47 Distribution of Pilodeudorix mimeta

Ssp. mimeta (red) – Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Zambia.

Ssp. oreas (green) – Nigeria, Cameroon.

Ssp. angusta (blue) – Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania.

Distribution: Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (Kielland, 1990d), Tanzania, Zambia. Habitat: Primary forest. Subspecies oreas is in submontane forest (1 500 to 2 000 m) (Larsen, 2005a). In Tanzania subspecies angusta occurs at altitudes between 1 400 and 1 700 m (Kielland, 1990d). Habits: An uncommon butterfly that is sometimes locally numerous. The flight is weak and low down (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mimeta mimeta (Karsch, 1895)

Actis mimeta Karsch, 1895. Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin 21: 315 (289-322). Pilodeudorix mimeta (Karsch, 1895). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Kopelates mimeta mimeta Karsch, 1895. d’Abrera, 2009: 776 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mimeta mimeta (Karsch, 1895). Collins et al., 2014: 112 comb. nov.

Pilodeudorix mimeta mimeta. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Wingspan: 26mm. Zambezi rapids, Copper Belt, Zambia. 91.12.24. H.G. Butler. (Henning collection – H391).

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Centralafrika, im Urwalde (6E s. Br., 20-26E ö. L. v. Gr.)”. Holotype (male): 28 X 1881 (P. Pogge); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): 6° S, 22-26°E (Democratic Republic of Congo), (P. Pogge); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Distribution: Nigeria (Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (Kielland, 1990d), Zambia. Specific localities: Nigeria – Ikom (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Dengdeng (Gaede, 1915); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Bitje (Libert, 2004); Dja (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Moloundou (Libert, 2004); Yokadouma (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Douano (Libert, 2004).

48 Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004); Odzala (Libert, 2004); Ouesso (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004); Moloukou (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Kinshasa (Libert, 2004); Lake Tumba (Libert, 2004); Eala (Libert, 2004); Basankusu (Libert, 2004); Boende (Libert, 2004); Paulis (Libert, 2004); Katako-Kombe (Libert, 2004); Kasai (Libert, 2004); Kapanga (Libert, 2004); Kafakumba (Libert, 2004); Sandoa (Libert, 2004); Lupweshi (Libert, 2004). Zambia – A single female recorded from Zambezi Rapids, Mwinilunga district (Heath et al., 2002; illustrated, above).

perigrapha Karsch, 1895 (as sp. of Hypomyrina). Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin 21: 313 (289- 322). Ackery et al. (1995) note that, of the two Karsch names available for this species, Hemming (1960), as first reviser, selected Actis mimeta. According to them Berger (1981) and Collins & Larsen (1991) were therefore in error in applying the name Actis perigrapha.

unda Gaede, 1915 (as sp. of Deudorix). Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift 9: 72 (38-40, 71-74). Cameroon: “Dengdeng, Neu-Kamerun”.

Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mimeta oreas Libert, 2004)

Pilodeudorix mimeta oreas Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 72 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Kopelates mimeta oreas Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 776 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mimeta oreas Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014: 112 comb. nov.

Type locality: Nigeria: Obudu Ranch. Holotype (female): 1-8 III 1964 (H.L. Lewis); in N.H.M., London. Distribution: Nigeria (east), Cameroon. Specific localities: Nigeria – Obudu Ranch (Libert, 2004); Ngel Nyaki (Libert, 2004); Mambilla Plateau (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Mt Cameroon (at 2000 m) (Libert, 2004).

Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mimeta angusta Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix mimeta angusta Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 72 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Kopelates mimeta angusta Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 776 comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mimeta angusta Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014: 112 comb. nov.

Type locality: Democratic Republic of Congo: Butuhe. Holotype (female): V 1991 (R. Ducarme); in M.R.A.C., Tervuren, Belgium. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo ( north-east), Tanzania (west). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Butuhe (TL); Beni (Libert, 2004); Nyakalonge, Kivu (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Tanzania – Mpanda (Kielland, 1990d); Kigoma (Kielland, 1990d); Sitebi Mountain (Kielland, 1990d); Ntakatta Forest (Kielland, 1990d); Lukandamira (Kielland, 1990d); Kampiza (Libert, 2004); Ngondo (Libert, 2004).

*Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) baginei (Collins & Larsen, 1991) Bagine’s Playboy

Deudorix (Actis) perigrapha baginei Collins & Larsen, 1991. In: Larsen, 1991c. The butterflies of Kenya and their natural history: 205, 439 (490 pp.). Oxford. Actis perigrapha baginei (Collins & Larsen, 1991). Larsen, 1991c: 205.

49 Pilodeudorix baginei (Collins & Larsen, 1991). Libert, 2004c stat. rev., comb. nov. Kopelates baginei Collins & Larsen, 1991. d’Abrera, 2009: 776. comb. nov. Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) baginei (Collins & Larsen, 1991). Collins et al., 2014: 112 comb. nov.

Pilodeudorix baginei male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Mabira Forest, Uganda. 14 June 2009. J. Dobson. Images M.C. Williams ex Dobson Collection.

Type locality: Kenya: “Kakamega”. Holotype (female): Kakamega, XII 1937 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.M.K., Nairobi. Allotype (male): Kalinzu Forest, W. Ankole, Uganda, 1 1936 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.M.K., Nairobi. Description: “Both the described female forms [of P. mimeta] are from the Cameroun/Congo area and both are characterized by a broad, orange discal band. In the populations inhabiting most of Uganda and western Kenya this band is cream coloured. In addition, the metallic-green scaling on the dark parts of the wings of the male is more extensive than in the nominate subspecies [i.e. than in mimeta].” Etymology: Named for Dr. Richard Bagine of the National Museum, Kenya.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix baginei

Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania.

Distribution: Uganda (east), Kenya (west), Tanzania (north-west). Specific localities: Uganda – Kalinzu (Larsen, 1991c: 440); Entebbe (Larsen, 1991c: 440); Bugoma (Libert, 2004); Budongo (Libert, 2004); Kayonza (Libert, 2004); Kibale (Libert, 2004); Tero (Libert, 2004); Katera (Libert, 2004); Malabigambo (Libert, 2004); Malange (Libert, 2004). Kenya – Kakamega Forest (TL). Tanzania – Kere Hill, Minziro Forest (common) (Congdon & Collins, 1998); Bulembe, Minziro Forest (Congdon & Collins, 1998); Kikuru Forest (Congdon & Collins, 1998); Livandare (Libert, 2004); Mabira (male illustrated above). Habitat: Forest (Larsen, 1991c). Habits: A generally rare species (Larsen, 1991c). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) nyungwe Collins, Libert & Safian, 2015

Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) nyungwe Collins, Libert & Sáfián, 2015. Metamorphosis 26: 66 (62-78).

Type locality: Rwanda: Nyungwe Forest. Leg.: ABRI, viii.2008. Coordinates: 2°28'41.11"S, 29°12'5.47"E, 2100 m. Gen. prep.: SAFI00044. Holotyp (male) in ABRI collection, Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix nyungwe

Rwanda.

Distribution: Rwanda. Specific localities: Rwanda – Nyungwe Forest (TL). Habitat: Montane forest (Safian et al., 2015). Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mano Safian, 2015

Pilodeudorix (Kopelates) mano Sáfián, 2015. Metamorphosis 26: 68 (62-78).

Type locality: Liberia: Radio East Nimba Masts, Nature Reserve, Nimba County. 06.i.2014. Leg.: Dobson, C. Gen. prep.: SAFI00047. Coordinates: 7°32'28.15"N, 8°31'23.66"W, 1060 m. Holotype (male) in ABRI collection, Nairobi. Female first described by Safian, 2020: 226.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix mano

Liberia.

Distribution: Guinea, Liberia. Specific localities: Guinea – Ziama Forest (Safian, 2020). Liberia – Nimba County (TL); Wologizi Mtns (Safian et al., 2020). Habitat: Sub-montane forest (Safian et al., 2015). Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

P. deritas species-group

P. deritas sub-group

Subgenus Diopetes Karsch, 1895

Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin 21: 317 (289-322). Type-species: Deudorix deritas Hewitson, by original designation. Synonymized with Pilodeudorix by Libert, 2004c. Re-instated as a genus by d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Downgraded to a subgenus of Pilodeudorix by Collins et al., 2014.

An Afrotropical subgenus of 15 species.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) deritas (Hewitson, 1874) Small Diopetes

Deudorix deritas Hewitson, 1874. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1874: 352 (343-355). Pilodeudorix deritas (Hewitson, 1874). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Diopetes deritas Hewitson, 1874. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) deritas (Hewitson, 1874). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Pilodeudorix deritas. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Biakpa Mountain Paradise, Ghana. 24 November 2011. J. Dobson. Images M.C. Williams ex Dobson Collection.

Type locality: Angola. Holotype (male): (Rogers); in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Ebogo, Nyong River, Cameroon, XI 1997 (S. Collins); in A.B.R.I., Nairobi.

52 Distribution of Pilodeudorix deritas

Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Angola, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Distribution: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria (south and Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Angola, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (Uele, Equateur, Kwango). Misattributed to the Sierra Leone fauna (Larsen, 2005a). Specific localities: Ivory Coast – Yapo (Warren -Gash, vide Larsen, 2005a). Ghana – Agona (Libert, 2004); Amedzofe (Libert, 2004); Bia (Libert, 2004); Sagamase (Libert, 2004); Sanko (Libert, 2004); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2004). Nigeria – Ibadan (Libert, 2004); Ikom (Libert, 2004); Lagos (Libert, 2004); Ubiaja (Libert, 2004); Umuhaia (Libert, 2004); Oni (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Mamfe (Libert, 2004); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Ebodje (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Mt Kala (Libert, 2004); Sangmelima (Libert, 2004); Korup (Larsen, 2005a). Gabon – Ogowe (Libert, 2004); Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010); Kinguele (Vande weghe, 2010); camp Nouna (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Etoumbi (Libert, 2004); Kelle (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004); Boukoko (Libert, 2004); Mbaiki (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Kimuenza (Libert, 2004); Kinshasa (Libert, 2004); Kisangani (Libert, 2004); Lualabourg (Libert, 2004); Lukolela (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Forest (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: Occasional specimens are met with perched on a green leaf in forest clearings (Larsen, 2005a). Both sexes sometimes come to flowers (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) aucta (Karsch, 1895) Karsch’s Diopetes

Deudorix aucta Karsch, 1895. Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin 21: 318 (289-322). Pilodeudorix aucta (Karsch, 1895). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Diopetes aucta Karsch, 1895. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) aucta (Karsch, 1895). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Togo: “Bismarckburg im Hinterlande von Togo”. Holotype (male): X 1891 (R. Büttner); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert(2004): Tiassale, Ivory Coast, 5 XI 1965 (T.H.E. Jackson); in M.N.H.N., Paris.

53 Distribution of Pilodeudorix aucta

Guinea, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon.

Distribution: Guinea (Nimbas), Ivory Coast (Nimbas), Ghana (Volta region), Togo, Nigeria (east and Cross River loop), Cameroon (west). Specific localities: Guinea – Seredou in the Nimbas (Libert, 2004). Ivory Coast – Agboville (Libert, 2004); Bayota (Libert, 2004); Danane (Libert, 2004); Tiassale (Libert, 2004); Mt Peko (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Lipke (Libert, 2004); Pampawie (Libert, 2004). Togo – Bismarckburg (TL). Nigeria – Ubiaja (Libert, 2004); Mamu Awka (Libert, 2004); Ikom (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Mamfe (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Nothing published. Habits: A scarce species (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) hugoi Libert, 2004 Hugo’s Diopetes

Pilodeudorix hugoi Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 77 (201 pp.; 16 plates). A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Diopetes hugoi Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) hugoi Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Cameroon: Ebogo, C. Cameroon. Holotype (male): VIII-IX 2000; in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Allotype (female): Maan S. Cameroon, XI 2000; in A.B.R.I., Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix hugoi

Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Tanzania.

Distribution: Nigeria (Cross River loop), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (west), Tanzania (north-west). Specific localities: Nigeria – Oban Hills (Larsen, 2005a; single male). Cameroon – Ebogo (TL); Bitje (Libert, 2004); Ebodje (Libert, 2004); Efulen (Libert, 2004); Kribi (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Mbankomo (Libert, 2004); Nyazanga (Libert, 2004);

54 Yaounde (Libert, 2004). Equatorial Guinea – Benito (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Lastourville (Libert, 2004); Ogowe (Libert, 2004); Talaguga (Libert, 2004); Rabi (Vande weghe, 2010); Ndjole (Vande weghe, 2010); Lambarene (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Kelle (Libert, 2004); Mambili (Libert, 2004); Ouesso (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Avakubi (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Mbandaka (Libert, 2004); Kasai (Libert, 2004); Kisnagani (Libert, 2004); Maiko Valley (Libert, 2004); Tshibaba (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Central Forest Block (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Katera (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Kakindu (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Forest. Habits: Very rare in Nigeria, but much commoner in Cameroon (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) badhami (Carcasson, 1961)

Deudorix badhami Carcasson, 1961. Occasional Papers. Coryndon Memorial Museum, Nairobi 7: 19 (1-23). Pilodeudorix badhami (Carcasson, 1961). Libert, 2004c. Diopetes badhami Carcasson, 1961. d’Abrera, 2009: 784. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) badhami (Carcasson, 1961). Collins et al., 2014: 114.

Pilodeudorix badhami. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Hillwood, Ikelenge, Zambia. 25 March 1977. S. Fisher. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Pilodeudorix badhami. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Chekonke, Ikelenge, Zambia. 17 September 2003. A. Gardiner. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection.

Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Kinda, Katanga”. Holotype (female): IV 1959 (R. H. Carcasson); in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (male) designated by Libert (2004): Zambezi Bridge, Ikelenge, Zambia, 10 III 1977 (A. Heath); in N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix badhami

Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Angola.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (south-east – Lualaba), Zambia, Angola (Libert, 2004). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Kinda, Katanga (TL). Zambia – Ikelenge (Heath and Fisher) (Heath et al., 2002; male illustrated above); Hillwood, Zambezi Bridge (female specimen illustrated above). Angola – Rio Cuva (Libert, 2004). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) nyanzae Libert, 2004

Pilodeudorix nyanzae Libert, 2004. Revision des Deudorix africains (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae): 79 (201 pp.; 16 plates).. A.B.R.I., Nairobi, Kenya and Lambillionea, Tervuren, Belgium. Diopetes nyanzae Libert, 2004. d’Abrera, 2009: 784. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) nyanzae Libert, 2004. Collins et al., 2014: 114.

Type locality: Tanzania: Kefu Forest, Kigoma. Holotype (female): III 1972 (J. Kielland); in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Allotype (male): Kefu Forest, 900 m, Kigoma, Tanzania, 19 IV 1971 (J. Kielland); in A.B.R.I., Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix nyanzae

Tanzania.

Distribution: Tanzania (west). Specific localities: Tanzania – Kefu Forest (TL); Helembe (Libert, 2004); Lelebe (Libert, 2004); Mugondozi (Libert, 2004); Tubira (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Nothing published. Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published.

56 Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) pseudoderitas (Stempffer, 1964) Sombre Diopetes

Deudorix (Diopetes) pseudoderitas Stempffer, 1964. Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Afrique Noire (A) 26: 1283 (1226- 1287). Pilodeudorix pseudoderitas (Stempffer, 1964). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Diopetes pseudoderitas Stempffer, 1964. d’Abrera, 2009: 784. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) pseudoderitas (Stempffer, 1964). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Congo: “District de Souanké, Sembé”. Holotype (male): II 1960 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female): Bitje, Cameroon, early May & June; in N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix pseudoderitas

Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Congo, Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda.

Distribution: Ghana, Nigeria (east), Cameroon, Congo, Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda (west). Specific localities: Ghana – Agona Junction (Libert, 2004); Dzolu (Libert, 2004); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2004); Likpe Mate (Libert, 2004); Wli Falls (Libert, 2004). Nigeria – Mamu Awka (Libert, 2004). Cameroon – Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Nlong (Libert, 2004); Bitje (Libert, 2004); Nyazanga (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Kumba (Libert, 2004). Congo – Sembe, Souanke District (TL). Angola – Dalla Tando (Libert, 2004) Democratic Republic of Congo – Biakatu (Libert, 2004); Kilo (Libert, 2004); Kisangani (Libert, 2004); Mambasa (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Central Forest Block (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Kayonza (Libert, 2004); Kalinzu (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Forest. Habits: Rare in West Africa, but commoner in Cameroon (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) laticlavia (Clench, 1965) Clench’s Diopetes

Deudorix (Diopetes) laticlavia Clench, 1965. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 73: 180 (178-181). Pilodeudorix laticlavia (Clench, 1965). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Diopetes laticlavia Clench, 1965. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) laticlavia (Clench, 1965). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Cameroon: “Efulen”. Holotype (male): (A.C. Good); in C.M.N.H., Pittsburgh. Neallotype (female): Cameroon, 26 II 1937 (coll. Fournier); in M.N.H.N., Paris.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix laticlavia

Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon.

Distribution: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon. Specific localities: Ivory Coast – Tiassale (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Kibi (Libert, 2004); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2004); Takoradi (Libert, 2004); Likpe (Libert, 2004); Wli Falls (Libert, 2004); Atewa Range (Larsen, 2005a). Cameroon – Efulen (TL). Habitat: Forest. Habits: This appears to be a rare species (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) aurivilliusi (Stempffer, 1954) Aurivillius’ Diopetes

Deudorix (Diopetes) aurivilliusi Stempffer, 1954. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 59: 106 (104-112). Pilodeudorix aurivilliusi (Stempffer, 1954). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Diopetes aurivilliusi Stempffer, 1954. d’Abrera, 2009: 784. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) aurivilliusi (Stmepffer, 1954). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Sierra Leone. Holotype (male): (Clements); in N.H.M., London. Allotype (female): Sierra Leone; in N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix aurivilliusi

Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo.

Distribution: Guinea-Bissau (Libert, 2004), Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo. Specific localities: Guinea-Bissau – Bafatu (Libert, 2004); Maduna (Libert, 2004). Sierra Leone – Freetown (Libert, 2004); Serabu (Libert, 2004). Liberia – Wologizi (Safian et al., 2020). Ivory Coast – Abengourou (Libert, 2004); Azagny (Libert, 2004); Bayota (Libert, 2004); Blolequin (Libert, 2004); Danane (Libert, 2004); Issia (Libert, 2004); Mt Peko (Libert, 2004); Mt Tonkoui (Libert, 2004); Tiassale (Libert, 2004); Yapo (Warren -Gash, vide Larsen, 2005a). Ghana – Aburi (Libert, 2004); Sagamase (Libert, 2004); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2004).

58 Habits: A rare species (Larsen, 2005a). H. Warren-Gash (vide Larsen, 2005a) took specimens on the flowers of Cleistopholis patens (Annonaceae) at Yapo, Ivory Coast, together with specimens of Pilodeudorix deritas and Pilodeudorix violetta. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) kiellandi (Congdon & Collins, 1998) Kielland’s Diopetes

Diopetes kiellandi Congdon & Collins, 1998. In: Congdon & Collins, 1998. Supplement to Kielland’s butterflies of Tanzania: 100 (143 pp.). ABRI and Lambillionea. Pilodeudorix kiellandi (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Diopetes kiellandi Congdon & Collins, 1998. d’Abrera, 2009: 784. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) kiellandi (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Collins et al., 2014: 114.

Type locality: Tanzania: “Bukoba, Kikuru Forest, 20.xi.94, J. Kielland.” Holotype (male): in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Allotype (female): Bulembe, Tanzania, 10 II 1993 (J. Kielland); in A.B.R.I., Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix kiellandi

Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania.

Distribution: Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo (north-east), Tanzania (north-west). Specific localities: Sierra Leone – Daru (Libert, 2004). Liberia – Wonegizi (Safian et al., 2020). Ivory Coast – Bayota (Libert, 2004); Yapo (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Kibi (Libert, 2004); Sagamase (Libert, 2004); Likpe (Libert, 2004); Kpandu (Libert, 2004); Atewa Range (Larsen, 2005a). Cameroon – Bertoua (Libert, 2004); Nyazanga (Libert, 2004); Londji (Libert, 2004); Lolodorf (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Mamelles massif (Libert, 2004); Edea (Libert, 2004); 30 km north of Kribi (Collins). Congo – Mambili (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Biakatu (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Mt Hoyo (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Tanzania – Kikuru Forest, Bukoba (TL); Bulembe, Minziro Forest (Kielland, vide Congdon & Collins, 1998). Habitat: Forest. Habits: A rare species throughout its range (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) corruscans (Aurivillius, 1898) Kakum Diopetes

Deudorix corruscans Aurivillius, 1898. Entomologisk Tidskrift 18: 216 (213-222). 59 Diopetes corruscans (Aurivillius, 1898). Kielland, 1990d. Pilodeudorix corruscans (Aurivillius, 1897). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. [date of authorship erroneous; should be 1898] Diopetes corruscans Aurivillius, 1897. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. [date of authorship erroneous; should be 1898] Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) corruscans (Aurivillius, 1898). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix corruscans

Ssp. corruscans (red) – Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Ssp. kakumi (green) – Ivory Coast, Ghana.

Distribution: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (north-east – Ituri, Lualaba). Recorded, in error, from Tanzania by Kielland (1990) according to Libert (2004). Habitat: Forest. Habits: An apparently rare canopy-dwelling species that occasionally comes down to rest on leaves in sunny spots along forest paths (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) corruscans corruscans (Aurivillius, 1898)

Deudorix corruscans Aurivillius, 1898. Entomologisk Tidskrift 18: 216 (213-222). Diopetes corruscans (Aurivillius, 1898). Kielland, 1990d. Pilodeudorix corruscans (Aurivillius, 1897). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. [date of authorship erroneous; should be 1898] Diopetes corruscans Aurivillius, 1897. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. [date of authorship erroneous; should be 1898] Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) corruscans (Aurivillius, 1898). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Gabon: “Ogowe”. Lectotype (male): 1892 (Moquerys); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Neallotype (female): Lambarene, Ogowe, Gabon, 1892 (Moquerys); in Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm (images available at www2.nrm.se/en/lep_nrm/c). Distribution: Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (north-east – Ituri, Lualaba). Specific localities: Cameroon – Mt Febe (Libert, 2004); Messa (Libert, 2004); Nkolkomou (Libert, 2004); Yaounde (Libert, 2004); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Bertoua (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Ogowe (TL). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Beni (Libert, 2004); Mapimbi (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018).

Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) corruscans kakumi (Larsen, 1994)

Diopetes kakumi Larsen, 1994. Tropical Lepidoptera 5 (2): 83 (83-84). Synonym of Pilodeudorix corruscans (Aurivillius, 1898). Libert, 2004c. syn. nov. Pilodeudorix corruscans kakumi (Larsen, 1994). Larsen, 2005a. 60 Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) corruscans kakumi (Larsen, 1994). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Ghana: “Kakum National Park”. Distribution: Ivory Coast, Ghana. Specific localities: Ivory Coast – Danane (Libert, 2004c); Bayota (Libert, 2004c). Ghana – Kakum National Park (TL); Obwasi (Libert, 2004); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2004).

Note: D’Abrera (2009: 782) omits kakumi.

P. catalla sub-group

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) catalla (Karsch, 1895)

Deudorix (Diopetes) catalla Karsch, 1895. Entomologische Nachrichten. Berlin 21: 318 (289-322). Pilodeudorix catalla (Karsch, 1895). Libert, 2004c. comb. nov. Diopetes catalla Karsch, 1895. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) catalla (Karsch, 1895). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Cameroon: “Yaúnde-Station im Hinterlande von Kamerun”. Holotype (male): (Zenker); in Z.M.H.U., Berlin. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Bitje, Ja River, Cameroon ( G.L. Bates); in N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix catalla

Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon.

Distribution: Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon. Recorded, in error, from Ghana, Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda according to Libert, 2004. Specific localities: Cameroon – Yaounde (TL); Bitje, Ja River (Druce, 1910); Efulen (Clench, 1965); Mt Rumpi (Libert, 2004); Fontem (Libert, 2004); Nyassoso (Libert, 2004); Kribi (Libert, 2004); Bipindi (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Akom (Libert, 2004); Lolodorf (Libert, 2004); Sangmelima (Libert, 2004); Lomie (Libert, 2004); Bertoua (Libert, 2004); Yokadouma (Libert, 2004). Equatorial Guinea – Benito (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Kangwe (Libert, 2004); Ogowe (Libert, 2004). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

kedassa Druce, 1910 (as sp. of Deudorix). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1910: 369 (356-378). Type locality: Cameroon: “Bitje, Ja River, Cameroons, 2000 ft.”. Synonymized with catalla (Karsch, 1895) by Libert, 2004c.

pasteon Druce, 1910 (as sp. of Deudorix). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1910: 370 (356-378). Type locality: Cameroon: “Bitje Ja River, 2000 ft.”. Synonymized with catalla (Karsch, 1895) by Libert, 2004c.

nirmo Clench, 1965 (as sp. of Deudorix (Diopetes)). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 73: 179 (178-181). Type locality: Cameroon: “Efulen”. Synonymized with catalla (Karsch, 1895) by Libert, 2004c.

sadeska Clench, 1965 (as sp. of Deudorix (Diopetes)). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 73: 179 (178-181). Type locality: Cameroon: “Efulen”. Synonymized with catalla (Karsch, 1895) by Libert, 2004c.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) bwamba (Stempffer, 1962) Bwamba Diopetes

Deudorix (Diopetes) bwamba Stempffer, 1962. Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Afrique Noire (A) 24: 1161 (1135-1181). Pilodeudorix bwamba (Stempffer, 1962). Libert, 2004: 88. comb. nov. Diopetes bwamba Stempffer, 1962. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) bwamba (Stempffer, 1962). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Uganda: “Bwamba”. Holotype (male): XI 1942 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.H.M., London. Allotype (female): Bwamba, Uganda, IV 1942 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.H.M., London.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix bwamba

Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (north-east), Uganda (west). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Bambesa (Libert, 2004); Lindi valley (Libert, 2004); Bangupa (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Dingila (Libert, 2004); Epulu (Libert, 2004); Mawambi (Libert, 2004); Moera (Libert, 2004); Mt Hoyo (Libert, 2004); Paulis (Libert, 2004); Parc Albert (Libert, 2004); Semliki (Libert, 2004); Ukaika (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Bwamba (TL); Bambesa (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Nothing published. Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) violetta (Aurivillius, 1897) Violet Diopetes

Deudorix violetta Aurivillius, 1897. Entomologisk Tidskrift 18: 216 (213-222). Pilodeudorix violetta (Aurivillius, 1897). Libert, 2004c. comb. nov. Diopetes violetta Aurivillius, 1897. d’Abrera, 2009: 782. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) violetta (Aurivillius, 1897). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

Type locality: Gabon: Gabon. Holotype (male): in Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm (images available at www2.nrm.se/en/lep_nrm/v). Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Bugoma Forest, Uganda, XII 1939 (T.H.E. Jackson); in N.H.M., London. 62

Distribution of Pilodeudorix violetta

Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Tanzania.

Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria (south), Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (Uele), Uganda, Tanzania (north- west). Specific localities: Guinea – Fouta Djalon (Larsen, 2005a); Ziama (Safian et al., 2020). Sierra Leone – Moyamba (Libert, 2004); Loma Mountains (Larsen, 2005a). Liberia – Kpain (Libert, 2004). Liberia – Wonegizi (Safian et al., 2020). Ivory Coast – Abengourou (Libert, 2004); Bayota (Libert, 2004); Dimbroko (Libert, 2004); Lamto (Libert, 2004); Man (Libert, 2004); Tiassale (Libert, 2004); Yapo (Libert, 2004); Yeale (Libert, 2004). Ghana – Kumasi (Libert, 2004); Tano Ofin (Libert, 2004); many localities in the Volta region (Libert, 2004). Nigeria – Agbara (Libert, 2004); Ado-Ekiti (Libert, 2004); Mamu Awka (Libert, 2004); near Lagos (Larsen, 2005a). Cameroon – Bafut Ngemba (Libert, 2004); Esseko (Libert, 2004); Victoria (Libert, 2004); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Mt Febe (Libert, 2004); Mt Ngoekele (Libert, 2004); Yaounde (Libert, 2004); Ebodje (Libert, 2004); Edea (Libert, 2004); Maan (Libert, 2004); Dja (Libert, 2004); Ebogo (Libert, 2004); Lolodorf (Libert, 2004). Gabon – Ogowe (Libert, 2004); Langoue (Vande weghe, 2010). Congo – Kelle (Libert, 2004); Kuilu (Libert, 2004). Central African Republic – Bangui (Libert, 2004). Democratic Republic of Congo – Popokabaka (Libert, 2004); Paulis (Libert, 2004); Beni (Libert, 2004); Mutwanga-Ruwenzori (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Semuliki Valley (Ducarme, 2018); Central Forest Block (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Buddo (Libert, 2004); Budongo (Libert, 2004); Bugoma (Libert, 2004); Bwamba (Libert, 2004); Kagera (Libert, 2004); Katera (Libert, 2004). Tanzania – Bulembe, Minziro Forest (single female) (Congdon & Collins, 1998); MII in Minziro Forest (single female) (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Habitat: Forest. Habits: A scarce butterfly, somewhat commoner than most of its congeners (Larsen, 2005a). Specimens have been seen feeding from the flowers of Eupatorium on the edges of forest (Larsen, 2005a). Females have been found perched on bushes, in the sun (Congdon & Collins, 1998). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) ducarmei (Collins & Larsen, 1998)

Diopetes ducarmei Collins & Larsen, 1998. Metamorphosis 9 (2): 83 (66-85). Pilodeudorix ducarmei (Collins & Larsen, 1998). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Diopetes ducarmei Collins & Larsen, 1998. d’Abrera, 2009: 784. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) ducarmei (Collins & Larsen, 1998). Collins et al., 2014: 113.

63 Type locality: [Democratic Republic of Congo]: “Eastern Zaïre, Mt. Atonza, 1.xi.1991 (African Butterfly Research Institute, ex coll. Ducarme).” Described from three males from the type locality. Holotype (male): in A.B.R.I., Nairobi. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Biakatu, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, IV 2000 (R. Ducarme); in M.R.A.C., Tervuren, Belgium.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix ducarmei

Democratic Republic of Congo.

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (east). Specific localities: Democratic Republic of Congo – Mount Atonza, eastern DRC (TL); Beni (Libert, 2004); Biakatu (Libert, 2004); near Kasingho at 2000 m (Libert, 2004); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018); Mt Mitumba (Ducarme, 2018). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

P. fumata sub-group

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) fumata (Stempffer, 1954) Smoky Diopetes

Deudorix (Diopetes) fumata Stempffer, 1954. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 59: 107 (104-112). Pilodeudorix fumata (Stempffer, 1954). Libert, 2004c comb. nov. Diopetes fumata Stempffer, 1954. d’Abrera, 2009: 784. Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) fumata (Stempffer, 1954). Collins et al., 2014: 114.

Type locality: Ghana: “Kumasi”. Holotype (male): IX 1913 (J.D.G. Sauders); in N.H.M., London. Neallotype (female) designated by Libert (2004): Mambasa, 900 m, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, V 2000 (R. Ducarme); in M.R.A.C., Tervuren, Belgium.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix fumata

Ghana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda.

Distribution: Ghana, Democratic Republic of Congo (north-east), Uganda (south). Misattributed to Cameroon and Gabon by Clench (1965) (Larsen, 2005a). Specific localities:

64 Ghana – Kumasi (TL; single male). Democratic Republic of Congo – Biakatu (Libert, 2004); Mantumbi (Libert, 2004); Mambasa (Libert, 2004); Beni (Larsen, 2005a; a long series); Ituri Forest (Ducarme, 2018). Uganda – Katera (Libert, 2004). Habitat: Nothing published. Habits: A very rare species in West Africa (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) putu Safian, 2015

Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) putu Sáfián, 2015. Metamorphosis 26: 72 (62-78).

Type locality: Liberia: Mount Jideh Ridge, Putu Range, Grand Gedeh County. 18-31.xii.2010. Leg.: Sáfián, Sz. & Zakar, M. Gen. prep.: SAFI00009. Coordinates: 5°38'33.19"N, 8°11'2.61"W, 700 m. Holotype (male) in ABRI collection, Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix putu

Liberia.

Distribution: Liberia. Specific localities: Liberia – Mt Jideh Ridge, Putu Range (TL); Mt Bele (Blei) Community Forest, Nimba Mountains (Safian et al., 2015). Habitat: Upland forest (Safian et al., 2015). Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) minuta Safian & Collins, 2015

Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) minuta Sáfián & Collins, 2015. Metamorphosis 26: 74 (62-78).

Type locality: Cameroon: Maan, viii.2001. Leg.: ABRI. Gen. prep.: SAFI00011. Coordinates: 2°22'25.79"N, 10°38'2.77"E, 530 m. Holotype (male) in ABRI collection, Nairobi.

65 Distribution of Pilodeudorix minuta

Cameroon.

Distribution: Cameroon. Specific localities: Cameroon – Maan (TL); Ebogo, Nyong River (Safian et al., 2015). Habitat: Congolian lowland forest (Safian et al., 2015). Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.

*Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) intermedia Safian, 2015

Male Pilodeudorix intermedia. Liberia. Image courtesy Safian Szabolcs.

Pilodeudorix (Diopetes) intermedia Sáfián, 2015. Metamorphosis 26: 75 (62-78).

Type locality: Liberia: Mount Bele, Blei Community Forest, Nimba County, Nimba Mountains. 9– 11.i.2014. Leg.: André Coetzer. Gen. prep.: SAFI00064. Coordinates: 07°23'57.3"N 08°36'10.2"W, 890 m. Holotype (male) in ABRI collection, Nairobi.

Distribution of Pilodeudorix intermedia

Liberia.

Distribution: Liberia. Specific localities:

66 Liberia – Mt Bele (TL), Mt Gangra, Nimba Mountains (Safian et al., 2015); Mt Jideh, Putu Range (Safian et al., 2015). Habitat: Upland forest (Safian et al., 2015). Habits: Nothing published. Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published.