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Home , Maple sugar

Name Drinks Made from Where manufactured Notes

• One of the most commonly used intense • It is made up of acetoacetic acid and potassium • Main countries of supply: Germany and China (BSDA, • 200 times sweeter than • sweeteners in UK soft drinks. (BSDA, which forms a highly stable and crystalline compound 2012c and UNESDA, n.d.). Not metabolised/no calories - excreted 2012c). (Buzzle, 2012). unchanged, therefore does not affect the normal • Quantities in soft drinks: about 70 to functions of the human body (BSDA, 2012c) 130mg.L-1 (Lino et al., 2008). • Remains Stable Under High Temperatures Acesulfame-K • In soft drinks, almost always combined • Excellent Shelf Life (Calorie Control Council, with another sweetener such as aspartame 2012) or sucralose (UNESDA, n.d.). • Good storage, temperature and pH stability. (UNESDA, n.d.).

Aspartame One of the most commonly used intense Combination of two amino acids, L-aspartic acid and L- By NutraSweet - USA. But does not export to Europe 200 times sweeter than sugar (34) • Safe for sweeteners in UK soft drinks. (1) phenylalanine (1) (43) people with diabetes • Very low calorie levels Properties in soft drinks: Sugar-like taste. By Ajinomoto (Japan) and its subsidiary Ajinomoto Enhances and intensifies citrus and other Raw materials for fermentation (producing the amino Europe (Gravelines, France), under the name one of the only sweeteners to have a good fruit flavours (40) acids), include juice or , and Aminosweet - (25) and Japan (Tokai plant in Yokkaichi enough taste profile to be used on its own to tapioca starch City) replace sugar in soft drinks. Ribena (11), Vimto (19), Low Sugar Fruit China - many producers (3 or 4 major, a handful of Can help to mask taste Shoot, Diet Coke smaller ones) (34 and 43) limitations of other sweeteners - used widely with acesulfame-K and/or saccharin.(40) Quantities in soft drinks: about 50 to 100mg.L-1 (35)

Saccharin (Sweet n' Low) Commonly used (Email Fiona Palmer Derived from coal tar and is created using ammonia, USA (by PMC Specialties Group); • 300 times sweeter than sugar • No calories BSDA) chlorine, anthranilic acid, sulfur dioxide and nitrous China (34) (23) acid (25) Properties in soft drinks: Highly stable with a good shelf life. Usually used in combination with other sweeteners because of taste limitations. (40) Properties in soft drinks : High quality of Made from by a multi-step patented McNeil Nutritionals - manufacture Splenda - UK. • 600 times sweeter than sugar • Very soluble . Good water solubility. manufacturing process that selectively replaces three and therefore useful in concentrated products Excellent stability and shelf life(40) hydroxyl (molecularly bonded hydrogen and oxygen Singapore (Tate & Lyle PLC for the UK market) (35) such as dispense • Very stable atoms) with chlorine atoms (5) therefore no loss of sweetness over the product Sucralose (Splenda) Dole and Del Monte use this sweetener China (34) shelf life (1) (14), Vimto (19), Diet Coke, Pepsi One of the most commonly used intense sweeteners in UK soft drinks. (1)

Non-calorific sweeteners

Used in drinks manufactured by CocaCola Herb in the Chrysanthemum family which grows wild in Paraguay, Brazil, Japan and China ● Safe for diabetics ● 300 times sweeter than (e.g. Vitamin Water), Pepsi and Kraft Paraguay and Brazil (7) Cargill (Truvia) sugar ● No calories (6) Foods (e.g. Tropicana and Liptons) (5), Merisant and PureCircle (PureVia, trademarl of the Britvic (Juicy Drench, SoBe V Water; 36); PureCircle in Paraguay, Kenya, China, Whole Earth Sweetener Company), Fruit drinks: Trop50, R.W. Knudsen Family Thailand & Laos; independent farmers (40) (USA and Malaysia; sold to Dohler under the name Stevia Light Juice, Hansen's Loe-Cal Juice, Old MultiSweet Stevia (39); 4,000MT/year of stevia Orchard Cranberry Naturals and Odwalla Leaf waste used as fertilizer and source of biofuel (40) extracted; largest extraction facility in the world, Light refining plant in Malaysia and plans for new plants in Kenya and Paraguay (41)

Maple , sugar, molasses, sorghum, , ,

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