North American Maple Syrup Producers Manual
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Find Moths with Moth Traps
3.5 Sugaring Moth traps will attract the greatest variety of moths, but not all moths are equally attracted to light. Some can be observed using sugary bait instead. Moths come to “sugar” because they feed on nectar, sap and honeydew, all of which are unrefined sources of sugar (however, some moths do not feed as adults, and therefore will never be seen at sugar sources). The success of the technique is variable - warm humid nights with a light wind are best for sugaring (as they are for most forms of mothing), but the technique will also work on far from ideal nights, and not work on nights that seem good for no apparent reason. Ingredients 454g Tin of Black Treacle 1Kg Brown Sugar (the darker the better) 500ml Brown Ale or Bitter (fizzy drink like cola will do as an alternative) Paint brush. Slowly heat the ale (or cola) in a large pan and simmer for five minutes. Stir in and dissolve the sugar, followed by the treacle and then simmer for two more minutes. Allow to cool before decanting into a container. A drop of rum stirred in just before use is recommended but not essential. Paint the mixture about eye level onto 10- 20 tree trunks or fence posts just before dusk and check for moths by torch-light for the first two hours of darkness. A variation of this technique is “ wine roping ”. This works on a similar principle to the above. Ingredients Bottle of cheap red wine 1kg sugar 1m lengths of thick cord or light rope made from absorbent material. -
The Algebra of Open and Interconnected Systems
The Algebra of Open and Interconnected Systems Brendan Fong Hertford College University of Oxford arXiv:1609.05382v1 [math.CT] 17 Sep 2016 A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science Trinity 2016 For all those who have prepared food so I could eat and created homes so I could live over the past four years. You too have laboured to produce this; I hope I have done your labours justice. Abstract Herein we develop category-theoretic tools for understanding network- style diagrammatic languages. The archetypal network-style diagram- matic language is that of electric circuits; other examples include signal flow graphs, Markov processes, automata, Petri nets, chemical reaction networks, and so on. The key feature is that the language is comprised of a number of components with multiple (input/output) terminals, each possibly labelled with some type, that may then be connected together along these terminals to form a larger network. The components form hyperedges between labelled vertices, and so a diagram in this language forms a hypergraph. We formalise the compositional structure by intro- ducing the notion of a hypergraph category. Network-style diagrammatic languages and their semantics thus form hypergraph categories, and se- mantic interpretation gives a hypergraph functor. The first part of this thesis develops the theory of hypergraph categories. In particular, we introduce the tools of decorated cospans and corela- tions. Decorated cospans allow straightforward construction of hyper- graph categories from diagrammatic languages: the inputs, outputs, and their composition are modelled by the cospans, while the `decorations' specify the components themselves. -
Degrés° Collection
bDegrés°orn of fire Collection and frost a line of products derived from tradition and innovation. celebrated sweets, born of the freeze and thaw cycles characteristics of the quebec climate. when the last cool nights of winter and first sunny afternoons of spring come together and to create treats as good as gold. 1 brien maple sweets have joined forces with quebec’s unique temperatures to bring you the degrés° product line. a wide range of all-natural, high-quality products that are the culmination of time-honoured recipes, skilled craftsmanship and state-of-the-art equipment. treat your taste buds! DEGRÉS° 2 Collection a popular homegrown product, brien maple syrup is made using rigorous, time-honoured methods. the maple sap flows up from the roots and beneath the bark so that our meticulous maple producers can, at a temperature of 66˚brix, turn it into the golden elixir that has earned its reputation. discover this natural staple of quebec cuisine, available in an array of formats and sizes! 3 LEONE MAPLE SYRUP 100% PURE AND ALL-NATURAL description From the sap that runs through our maple trees comes Brien maple syrup, a product of the finest quality. a healthier choice The health benefits of maple syrup are no longer a secret. As part of a healthy diet, it has greater nutritional value than other sweeteners, is high in manganese, riboflavin, minerals and Quebecol, and is an excellent source of antioxidants. a good alternative to traditional sugar Use maple syrup instead of sugar in all your recipes for a tastier, healthier dish! uses Try it in stews, pies, marinades and so on, drizzle it over pastries, or even use it to add flavour to some yogurt, coffee, tea or hot milk. -
Cabot Creamery Cooperative Receives U.S. Dairy Sustainability
June 24, 2016 • Vol. 80, Num ber 6 Published monthly by the Vermont Agency of Agriculture • www.vermontagriculture.com Cabot Creamery Cooperative Receives U.S. Dairy Sustainability Award for Real Farm Power™ Program Effort to Reduce Food Waste and Energy Use Has Cows Providing Cream and Electricity for Cabot Butter By Laura Hardie, New England Dairy U .S . Dairy®, established under Promotion Board the leadership of dairy farmers, announced its fifth annual U .S . abot Creamery Cooperative Dairy Sustainability Awards during has been recognized with a a ceremony May 11 in Chicago . C2016 U .S . Dairy Sustainability The program recognizes dairy farms, Award for Outstanding Dairy businesses and partnerships whose Processing & Manufacturing sustainable practices positively Sustainability . The cooperative impact the health and well-being of was selected for its Real Farm consumers, communities, animals Power™ program which is the and the environment . latest in a series of sustainability Real Farm Power™ reduces projects pioneered by the 1,200 greenhouse gas emissions by 5,680 dairy-farm families of Agri-Mark tons annually while generating 2,200 dairy cooperative, owner of Cabot megawatt hours (MWh) of clean, Members of Cabot Creamery Cooperative accept the 2016 U.S. Dairy Creamery Cooperative . The program renewable energy per year to offset Sustainability Award for Outstanding Dairy Processing & Manufacturing takes a closed-loop approach, the power needed to make Cabot™ Sustainability in Chicago, Illinois on May 11, 2016. From Left to right: Amanda recycling cow manure, food scraps butter . The $2 .8 million project is Freund of Freund’s Farm Market and Bakery, Ann Hoogenboom of Cabot and food processing by-products expected to have a six-year payback, Creamery Cooperative, Steven Barstow II of Barstow’s Longview Farm, Phil to produce renewable energy on a and it offers a blueprint for scaling Lempert journalist and the Supermarket Guru, Caroline Barstow of Barstow’s Massachusetts dairy farm . -
Hawaii's Sugar Plantations Reading Folder
Hawaii's Sugar Plantations Reading Folder Pictures from: http://www.kauaiplantationrailway.com/agplantations.htm Women’s Work Clothing fuller skirts that seemed to be more suitable for field work. The Hawaiian women had learned to sew their gathered skirts from the The issei women, like the issei men, at first took whatever they had missionary women. It was easier and faster to use thirty-six-inch brought with them from their homeland and put together makeshift American cotton fabric, which cost ten cents a yard. The women work outfits. Later they also adopted some of the types of clothing favored prints, usually in black and white, often the tiny floral or worn by other ethnic groups. As the women from different ethnic geometric designs. groups and cultures came into contact, a gradual exchange of ideas began. Hats The issei women retained some of their traditional ideas and threw The boater hat was a stiff hat of braided straw. Underneath the away others; they adopted useful ideas from other ethnic groups; boater hat, or in some cases, over it, the women wore a triangular- often they blended the old and the new. Through this assimilation shaped kerchief made of muslin or bleached rice bag. The kerchief of new ideas into their traditional costume, the issei women created covered the hair, the ears, and most of the face. a unique fashion: the kasuri jacket, the dirndl skirt, the black cummerbund-like sash and the straw hat. Men’s Work Clothing In the early years of the Japanese immigration to Hawaii, the men Jackets started to work in the sugarcane fields wearing their cotton kimono, The first kind of clothing worn by issei women for field work was the momohiki (fitted pants), and shirts with long, narrow sleeves. -
Candy Making Made Easy (Because It Is)
05_597345 ch01.qxd 7/29/05 7:08 PM Page 9 Chapter 1 Candy Making Made Easy (Because It Is) Recipes in In This Chapter This Chapter ᮣ Gearing up to make candy ᮣ Dream Dates ᮣ Identifying some great confections ᮣ Checking out special uses for your candy-making skills ne point I stress throughout this book is that candy making is pretty Oeasy. After you learn a few basics and prepare yourself and your envi- ronment according to my simple guidelines, all you have to do is follow a few procedures. I hate to say this, but if I can make candy, you can make candy. When I train new staff members in my candy shop, I observe that, at first, they’re hesitant and overly careful about handling the product, as if it were very fragile. I assure them that they will not hurt the candy by being aggres- sive. I don’t want them to be afraid of the candy, and you shouldn’t be afraid, either. Most products you make are quite tolerant, and you can stir them hard, slap them, or just generally be rough with them. Don’t be afraid to get your hands a little messy, and don’t worry about making a bit of a mess. Have fun, because you’re in charge. To make a point, when someone observes that I have a spot of chocolate on my face, I dab even more on and ask, “Where, here?” Then I touch another spot withCOPYRIGHTED a big dab and ask, “Or was it here?” MATERIAL Before I finish, I have chocolate all over my face, but the new person is relaxed, confident that I am crazy and not worried about making a mess. -
Candy Making Secrets
C a n dy M a ki n g S e cr e t s by MARTIN A . PEASE In which y ou ar e taught to d uplicate AT H OME n ca the fi est ndies m ad e b y any one . C ontaining r ecipes never published r in this fo m b efore. Published by PEASE AND DENISON N ILLI O I ELGl , N S EM RY Of CO NGH QS S Um Games:ti ecesvaci MAY 23 1 908 Gawa i n ; u m : 2 3 f ee 3 CO PY RIGH T , 1908 . PEASE AND DENISON Th e News - Ad vocate n I in i Elgi , ll o s To My WIFE AND BABIES whose fondness of candy led m e to m ake such a success of Hom e Ca ndy M ak n th b k is i g , is oo RESPE CTFULL Y DEDI CA TED By the A uthor INTRODUCTION I I ns N G V N G you the recipes and i tructions contained herein , I have done wh at ~ n o other candym aker ever did to my w a kno ledge , as they always refuse to teach nyone to make candy at home . e m e Aft r teaching a few ladies , the incessant demands on for lessons led me to the writing of this book . It is diff erent from mo st oth er books on H ome Candy M — aking , as I teach you the same method as used by the finest s confectioners , with use of a thermometer , which enable you to always make your candy the same . -
Maple Sugar Blondies
S H E L B U R N E F A R M S Maple Sugar Blondies Adapted from Cooking with Shelburne Farms by Melissa Pasanen with Rick Gencarelli INGREDIENTS For the dough 2¼ cups all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon baking soda ½ teaspoon salt ¾ cup canola oil ¼ cup Vermont maple syrup (use Grade A: Dark Color with Robust Taste or Grade A: Very Dark Color with Strong Taste for a stronger maple flavor) ¾ cup granulated maple sugar (or packed light brown sugar) 1 large egg beaten For the frosting ¼ cup Vermont maple syrup (see note above) ½ cup granulated maple sugar ½ cup confectioner’s sugar 6 tablespoons cold, unsalted butter cut into small pieces ½ teaspoon pure vanilla extract PREPARATION 1. Preheat the oven to 350°F. Lightly grease a 9x13-inch baking pan. In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, and salt. 2. In a separate bowl, beat together the canola oil, maple syrup, maple sugar, and white sugar until well blended. (If you have one, use a stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment on medium speed.) Add the egg in a slow stream. Mix in the flour mixture in thirds, blending after each addition. (Use low speed in stand mixer.) 3. Press dough evenly into prepared pan. Bake 20-25 minutes until the blondies are golden brown and starting to crack on the top like brownies. Remove the pan to a cooling rack and cool for about 30 minutes before frosting. It should be warm to the touch, not hot. 4. The frosting: While the blondies are baking, bring the maple syrup to a simmer in a medium, heavy-bottomed saucepan over medium-high heat. -
State of New York City's Plants 2018
STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species. -
Forestry Materials Forest Types and Treatments
-- - Forestry Materials Forest Types and Treatments mericans are looking to their forests today for more benefits than r ·~~.'~;:_~B~:;. A ever before-recreation, watershed protection, wildlife, timber, "'--;':r: .";'C: wilderness. Foresters are often able to enhance production of these bene- fits. This book features forestry techniques that are helping to achieve .,;~~.~...t& the American dream for the forest. , ~- ,.- The story is for landolVners, which means it is for everyone. Millions . .~: of Americans own individual tracts of woodland, many have shares in companies that manage forests, and all OWII the public lands managed by government agencies. The forestry profession exists to help all these landowners obtain the benefits they want from forests; but forests have limits. Like all living things, trees are restricted in what they can do and where they can exist. A tree that needs well-drained soil cannot thrive in a marsh. If seeds re- quire bare soil for germination, no amount of urging will get a seedling established on a pile of leaves. The fOllOwing pages describe th.: ways in which stands of trees can be grown under commonly Occllrring forest conditions ill the United States. Originating, growing, and tending stands of trees is called silvicllllllr~ \ I, 'R"7'" -, l'l;l.f\ .. (silva is the Latin word for forest). Without exaggeration, silviculture is the heartbeat of forestry. It is essential when humans wish to manage the forests-to accelerate the production or wildlife, timber, forage, or to in- / crease recreation and watershed values. Of course, some benerits- t • wilderness, a prime example-require that trees be left alone to pursue their' OWII destiny. -
What to Eat on the Autoimmune Protocol
WHAT TO EAT ON THE AUTOIMMUNE PROTOCOL All the foods listed here are great to include in your It’s time to create an epidemic of - health. And it starts with learning ents that will help regulate your immune system and how to eat more nutrient-dense food. your hormones and provide the building blocks that your body needs to heal. You don’t need to eat all of these foods (it’s okay if snails, frog legs, and crickets aren’t your thing, and it’s okay if you just can’t get kangaroo meat or mizuna), but the idea is both to give Poultry innovative ways to increase variety and nutrient density • chicken • grouse • pigeon by exploring new foods. • dove • guinea hen • quail • duck • ostrich • turkey • emu • partridge (essentially, Red Meat • goose • pheasant any bird) • antelope • deer • mutton • bear • elk • pork • beaver • goat • rabbit • beef • hare • sea lion • • horse • seal • boar • kangaroo • whale • camel • lamb (essentially, • caribou • moose any mammal) Amphibians and Reptiles • crocodile • frog • snake • turtle 1 22 Fish* Shellfish • anchovy • gar • • abalone • limpet • scallop • Arctic char • haddock • salmon • clam • lobster • shrimp • Atlantic • hake • sardine • cockle • mussel • snail croaker • halibut • shad • conch • octopus • squid • barcheek • herring • shark • crab • oyster • whelk goby • John Dory • sheepshead • • periwinkle • bass • king • silverside • • prawn • bonito mackerel • smelt • bream • lamprey • snakehead • brill • ling • snapper • brisling • loach • sole • carp • mackerel • • • mahi mahi • tarpon • cod • marlin • tilapia • common dab • • • conger • minnow • trout • crappie • • tub gurnard • croaker • mullet • tuna • drum • pandora • turbot Other Seafood • eel • perch • walleye • anemone • sea squirt • fera • plaice • whiting • caviar/roe • sea urchin • • pollock • • *See page 387 for Selenium Health Benet Values. -
RECIPE CERTIFICATION PROGRAM GUIDE MAY 2019 WELCOME! Congratulations on Choosing to Connect Your Company and Brand with Consumers’ Interest in Heart Health
HEART-CHECK RECIPE CERTIFICATION PROGRAM GUIDE MAY 2019 WELCOME! Congratulations on choosing to connect your company and brand with consumers’ interest in heart health. Together, we can help consumers make heart-smart food and recipe choices. The following information serves as your step-by-step “how- to” program guide and provides all the information you need to navigate the certification process and then begin to leverage the certification of your recipes(s) by using the Heart-Check mark on your website, social media platforms, and in other promotional materials. The iconic Heart-Check mark has been on food packages and in the grocery store since 1995 helping consumers identify foods that can be building blocks of a heart- healthy diet. Now, recipes that meet requirements based on the sound science of the American Heart Association® can also be certified. This offers consumers a bridge from heart-healthy foods to an overall heart-healthy dietary pattern using heart- healthy recipes. Heart-Check certification provides added credibility for your brand, boosts your visibility, and helps your company connect with health-conscious consumers. Seeing the Heart-Check mark on a recipe assures consumers they are making a smart choice. As a program participant, you enjoy these benefits: • INDEPENDENT EVALUATION BY A NUTRITIONAL LEADER. The American Heart Association is one of the nation’s most recognized brands. Consumers seek our guidance on nutrition and heart-healthy living. Certification from the American Heart Association is especially meaningful to consumers because it signifies the independent voice of a trusted health organization. • BOOST YOUR BRAND’S VISIBILITY.