SIMILARITY AND DISSIMILARITIES DECONSTRUCTION OF SNOW WHITE AND SEVEN DWARFS AND SNOW WHITE AND THE HUNTSMAN
THESIS
Submitted to the Broad of Examiner in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementfor Literature Degree at English Literature Department
by
EVA PUTRI KHASANAH NIM AI.151495
ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT ADAB AND HUMANITIES FACULTY THE STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SULTHAN THAHA SAIFUDDIN JAMBI 2019
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Jambi, September 2, 2019
Supervisor I : Minsakutra, M. Hum. Supervisor II : Firdiansyah, M.A. Address : Adab and Humanities Faculty The State Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi
To The Dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty the State Islamic University in - Jambi
APPROVAL Assalamu’alaikumwarahmatullahi wabarakatuh
After reading and revising everything extended necessary, so we agree that the thesis with the title “Similarity and Dissimilarities Deconstruction ofSnow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman” can be submitted to Munaqasyah exam in partial fulfillment to the requirement for the Degree of Humanities Scholar. So we submit it in order be received well. Thus, we hope it can be useful for all.
Wassalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh
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LETTER OF RATIFICATION This thesis had been examined by the session of Adab and Humanities Faculty The State Institute for Islamic Studies Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi on September 10th 2019 and accepted as a part requirement have to be fulfilled for obtaining Undergraduate Degree (SI) in English Literature Department.
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ORIGINAL THESIS STATEMENT
I who signed this letter:
Name : Eva Putri Khasanah NIM : AI.151495 Supervisor I : Minsakutra, M. Hum. Supervisor II : Firdiansyah, M.A. Department : English Literature Faculty : Adab and Humanities
By signing this letter, I state that the thesis entitles: “Similarity and Dissimilarities Deconstruction of Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman” is my original work. If this thesis is not original or cheating from other researcher, I will be ready to be responsible and get punishment based on the role of Adab and Humanities Faculty of The State Institute for Islamic Studies Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. Therefore, I make this statement in good health and mind.
4 iv MOTTO
Meaning: ―For his sake there are angels following one another, before him and behind him, who guard him by Allah‘s commandment; surely Allah does not change the condition of a people until they change their own condition; and when Allah intends evil to a people, there is no averting it, and besides Him they have no protector.‖ (Q.S. Ar-Rad [13]: 11)1 Artinya: ―Bagi manusia ada malaikat-malaikat yang selalu mengikutinya bergiliran, di muka dan di belakangnya, mereka menjaganya atas perintah Allah. Sesungguhnya Allah tidak mengubah keadaan suatu kaum sehingga mereka mereka mereka mengubah keadaan yang ada pada diri mereka sendiri. Dan apabila Allah menghendaki keburukan terhadap sesuatu kaum, maka tak ada yang dapat menolaknya; dan sekali-kali tak ada pelindung bagi mereka selain Dia.‖ (Q.S. Ar-Rad [13]: 11)2
1 Meeftha, Al Qur’an Terjemah Bahasa Inggris Lengkap, http://alquran.co/q1a/2446- 2343/ Ar-Rad-_13_50_5_2222221231_al-quran.html, (accessed July, 08 2019. 12:22 pm) 2 Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahnya (Jakarta: Maghfirah Pustaka, 2016), p.
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First of all I would say the grateful to Allah subhanahuwata’ala always gives me health to finish this thesis. Greet and salutation always be given to our Prophet Muhammad sholallahu’alaihi wasallam I would like to dedicate this thesis to: My beloved Father, Imam Bukhori and My beloved Mother, Sutirah for all your love, supporting and praying. I never have could be reward you by anything.
And My younger brother,Adam Dwi Yulian and my little sister Zahwa Nur Rohmah also for your supporting and praying. All of you are my diamonds who Allah has given to me. My beloved friends of ELITE 2015 B, although I just a new comer when we are in the second semesters but all of you very welcome to me. Thanks for the advice, love, help, support, ideas and great experiences that we have made together. At last, for all people who have helped me in this thesis. Thank you so much for everything that you have given to me Therefore I can finish this thesis Wish Allah gives the best for all the parties concerned in making this thesis.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamiin...
All praises to Allah subhanahuwata’ala the lord of all the creatures, for his blessing from starting point of my study until now in accomplishing this thesis entitled “Similarity and Dissimilarities Deconstruction of Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman”as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for undergraduate degree (S1) in English Literature Departement the State Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. Secondly, sholawat and salam be upon to our prophet Muhammmad sholallahu’alaihi wasallam, hopefully we will get his syafa‘at later on the last day. Then, I would like to thank those who have assisted me to accomplish this thesis. My sincere gratitude goes to: 1. Prof. Dr. H. Su‘aidi Asy‘ari, MA, Ph. D. as the Rector of the State Islamic University Of Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi 2. Prof. Dr. Maisah, M. Pd.I. as the Dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty. 3. Dr. Alfian, S.Pd, M.Ed. as the First Deputy Dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty, Dr. H. Muhammad Fadhil, M.Ag. as the Second Deputy Dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty, Dr. Raudhoh, S.Ag., S.S., M.Si. as the Third Deputy Dean of Adab Humanities Faculty, then contribution and assistant during studying in the State Islamic University of Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. 4. My great supervisors Minsakutra, M. Hum. And Firdiansyah, M.A. who have continuously guided me throughout the process of accomplishing this thesis.
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5. All of the lectures and Staffs of Adab Humanities Faculty for their contributions and assistance during studying until undergraduate in the State Islamic University of Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. 6. The last but not least, to my beloved parent, brother and sister who gave fully supporting to the writer. This thesis is still far away from perfection, the writer needs some critics and suggestions, so that the writer can be better in the future. Finally, the writer hopes this thesis will give positive contributions for readers, especially for the students of English Literature Department of Adab and Humanities Faculty.
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ABSTRACT
Eva Putri Khasanah, 2019 : Similarity and Dissimilarities Deconstruction of Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman. English Literature Department Adab and Humanities Faculty, the State Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. Supervisor I : Minsakutra, M.Hum. Supervisor II : Firdiansyah, M.A.
This thesis discusses about the deconstruction carried out by the main character named Snow White that reflected between Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman films. Revealed the other side of Snow White that not such as the stereotype about women as a weak and dependent beings. The purpose of this study is (1) To find out similarity and dissimilarities of the characterization of Snow White reflected in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman, (2) To describe how does the films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman deconstruct Snow White‘s characterization, (3) To find out the types of deconstruction reflected by the main character in Snow White And The Huntsman. In writing this thesis, the writer used Derrida‘stheoryabout deconstruction and psychological approach to support the theory. The writer used descriptive qualitative method to analyze the problems in there. This research data is scenes and dialogues in films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman. The findings of this research shows that; (1) Similar characterization of Snow White in both films is she haskind heart. The main character showed some dissimilaties characterization. In the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs Snow White as a dependent, beautiful and lovely princess. In the opposition Snow White in film Snow White And The Huntsman portrayed as an independent, strong and brave woman, (2)In the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs, Snow White has characterization as a weak and dependent princess who can not do self-defense then she always wishing and waiting for a prince. It was in opposition binary if compared to Snow White‘s characterization in film Snow White And The Huntsman. Here the main character has characterization as a strong, brave and independent woman, (3) There are two types of deconstruction that reflected by Snow White in the film Snow White and The Huntsman. There are Reciprocal Deconstruction and Self-Deconstruction.
Keywords : Deconstruction, Character, Characterization,
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ABSTRAK
Eva Putri Khasanah, 2019 : Similarity and Dissimilarities Deconstruction of Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman. English Literature Department Adab and Humanities Faculty, the State Islamic University Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. Supervisor I : Minsakutra, M.Hum. Supervisor II : Firdiansyah, M.A.
Skripsi ini membahas tentang dekonstruksi yang dilakukan oleh tokoh utama bernama Snow White sebagaimana terlihat diantara film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman. Mengungkapkan sisi lain dari Snow White yang tidak seperti stereotipe tentang wanita sebagai makhluk lemah dan bergantung. Tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah (1) Untuk menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan penokohan Snow White, terlihat dalam film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs dan Snow White And The Huntsman,(2) Untuk menggambarkan bagaimana film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs dan Snow White And The Huntsman mendekonstruksi penokohan Snow White, (3) Untuk menemukan tipe-tipe dekonstruksi terlihat oleh tokoh utama dalam Snow White And The Huntsman. Dalam penulisan skripsi ini, penulis menggunakan teori Derrida tentang dekonstruksi dan pendekatan psikologi untuk mendukung teori. Penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis masalah-masalah didalamnya. Data penelitian ini berupa skrip dialog dalam film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman. Temuan riset ini menunjukkan bahwa; (1) kesamaan penokohan Snow White pada kedua film adalah dia memiliki kebaikan hati. Tokoh utama menunjukkan beberapa ketidaksamaan penokohan. Pada film animasi Snow White And Seven Dwarfs Snow White sebagai seorang yang bergantung, cantik dan penyayang. Sebaliknya dalam filmSnow White And The Huntsman digambarkan sebagai seorang wanita yang tidak bergantung, kuat dan berani, (2) Pada film animasi Snow White And Seven Dwarfs, Snow White mempunyai penokohan sebagai putri lemah dan bergantung yang tidak bisa melakukan bela diri kemudian dia selalu berharap dan menunggu seorang pangeran. Sebaliknya jika dibandingkan dengan penokohan Snow White pada film Snow White And The Huntsman. Disini tokoh utaa memiliki penokohan sebagai wanita kuat, berani dan tidak bergantung , (3) Ada dua tipe dekonstruksi yang diperlihatkan oleh tokoh utama bernama Snow White dalam film Snow White and The Huntsman. Yaitu Dekonstruksi Resiprokal dan Dekonstruksi oleh Diri Sendiri.
Kata Kunci : Dekonstruksi, Tokoh, Penokohan
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TABLE OF CONTENT
PAGE OF TITLE ...... i APPROVAL ...... ii LETTER OF RATIFICATION ...... iii ORIGINAL THESIS STATEMENT ...... iv MOTTO ...... v DEDICATION ...... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...... vii ABSTRACT ...... ix ABSTRAK ...... x TABLE OF CONTENT ...... xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Problem...... 1 B. Formulation of the Problem ...... 4 C. Limitation of the Problem ...... 4 D. Purpose of the Research ...... 5 E. Significance of the Research ...... 5 CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK A. Psychology Approach ...... 6 B. Characters and Characterizations in Film ...... 8 C. DeconstructionTheory ...... 12 D. Steps of Deconstruction ...... 13 E. Types of Deconstruction ...... 15 F. Review of Related Research ...... 16 CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH A. Design of Research...... 17 B. Source of Data ...... 20 C. Technique of Data Collection ...... 20 D. Technique of Data Analysis ...... 21
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CHAPTER IV FINDING AND ANALYSIS A. Finding ...... 23 B. Analysis ...... 24 1. Character and Characterization ...... 24 2. Deconstruction of Snow White‘s Characterization ...... 29 3. Types of Deconstruction ...... 32 a. Reciprocal Deconstruction ...... 32 b. Self-Deconstruction ...... 39 CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusions ...... 41 B. Suggestions...... 42
REFERENCES APPENDIX I APPENDIX II APPENDIX III
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Problem Deconstruction introduced by a phenomenal philosopher from French named Jacques Derrida. A postmodern philosopher who was born on July 15, 1930 in El-Biar (a suburb of Algiers), Algeria, into a Sephardic Jewish family. His works that had made Derrida well known are among others: Writing and Difference, Speech and Phenomena, and Of Grammatology. In Of Grammatology Derrida has openly refused ―logos‖ centralization philosophy and resulted in thought known asdeconstruction. Deconstruction is read a text that used different way by Derrida based on his thought that text did not have single meaning. Derrida opposition with structuralist Saussurean who not only make a different but also hierarchy quality. Because structuralist believed there is an absolute meaning (the Logos).However, this theory can free us from the constrains of our prejudiced beliefs.3 Commonly, this theory is used to analyze the literary work. 4 The contribution of deconstruction to literature theory development can be found in various in efforts to integrate deconstruction techniques by other approach, such as: feminism approach, psychoanalysis, Marxism, and post-colonial ideology critics. The post-colonial critics applied deconstruction by identifying logocentrism with ideology that make hierarchical binary dichotomy between west/east; logic/emotion, modern/primitive, etc. are made colonialism and imperialism. Deconstructive is theory that can be used to analyze deeply the literary work. In this case, deconstructive becomes theory which is used to analyze Snow White‘s characterization between in the films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and
3Bressler, C. (1998). Literary Criticism. USA: Houghton college. p. 130 4 Balkin, J. M. (1996). Deconstruction. Copyright 1995-1996 by Jack.M. Balkin. All Rights Reserved. Accessed February 28, 2019, from http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/jbalkin/articles/deconessay.pdf. p. 1
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Snow White And The Huntsman. The writer want to analyze the films entitle Snow White and Seven Dwarfs and Snow White and The Huntsman in this research for some reasons: Both of films are based on the same fairy tale from German. Tells about a beautiful princess named Snow White who has white skin as snow, red lips as blood and black hair as ebony wood. She has a step mother who was an evil queen. Snow White escapes from her jealous step-mother and lives in the forest with seven dwarfs. The step-mother, a witch, tries again and again to kill Snow White with her black magic to be the beautiest woman in the world. In the animation which produced by Walt Disney that was released in the month of December 1937. The main character, Snow White has princess‘ characterization as usual. She is beautiful, feminine, a domestian woman, and lovely princess who has kind heart. When her jealous step-mother‘s servant get command to kill Snow White, she can not do anything except screaming until the servant told her to go to the forest and never come back again. It can be seen in the picture below: Picture 1 Snow White And Seven Dwarfs5
Snow White : (SCREAMING)
The picture above is the scene when Snow White trying to kill by her step- mother‘s servant, Snow White did not do any self-defense to save herself. She did not kill because of the servant compassionate with her, and let her go. From the
5 Duration : 00:08:50,905 00:08:52,239
14 2 scene, there is Snow White‘s characterization looks weak and dependent, can not save and protect herself seen by her external action, screaming. The main character in film entitle Snow White and The Huntsman directed by Rupert Sanders that released in the month of June 2012. The film has different part in the story. Snow White as the main character has strong and brave characterization. Snow White can save herself from someone who wants to kill her and take her beating heart to give to her evil step mother. It can be seen in the picture below: Picture 2 Snow White And The Huntsman6
Finn : (GROANS)
The picture above is a scene when queen Ravenna‘s brother named Finn tried to kill Snow White by take her beating heart and give it to the queen. But it was failed. Snow White hurts him to protect herself and run off from the cell. From the scene, Snow White looks have bravery, strong and independent characterization, not a weak woman who can save her self if there is someone who threatened her life. Differences between the films, Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman focuses on characterization of the main character because actually the films are based on German fairy tale of Grimm Brothers but there is binary opposition of characterization reflected by the main character named Snow White. Although the story almost same, characterization in film Snow White And The Huntsman was different. Snow White‘s characterization in this film is different with Snow White‘s characterization in animated film Snow
6Duration : 00:25:33,198 00:25:35,541
15 3 White And Seven Dwarfs, who dominantly portrayed as a weak and a dependent woman. In other side, Snow White in Snow White And The Huntsman film described as a strong woman. She can protect herself from her evil step mother named Queen Ravenna. She is also independent woman. Based on the dissimilarities of characterization reflected by the main character of those films even those films are based on same story adapted from German fairy tale by Grimm Brother makes the writer interest to analyze it. Finally, based on the reasons above, the writer will analyze this thesis entitled “Similarity and Dissimilarities Deconstruction of Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman”.
B. Formulation of the Problem Based on explanation in the background above, there are some questions, as in following: 1. What are the similarity and dissimilarities characterization of Snow White, reflected in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman? 2. How does the films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman deconstruct Snow White‘s characterization? 3. What are types of deconstruction reflected by the main character in Snow White And The Huntsman ?
C. Limitation of the Problem In this research, the writer focuses on deconstruction of the main character‘s characterization between in the films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman. The main character in those films named Snow White. The writer takes Snow White because she has white skin as snow, red lips as blood and black hair as ebony wood, she is beautiful like other Disney princess‘ characteristics. In both films she has different characterization and gives different ending of the stories. How does the films deconstruct Snow White‘s characterization and broke up stereotypes about women commonly.
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D. Purpose of the Research The purpose of the research: 1. To find out similarity and dissimilarities of the characterization of Snow White, reflected in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman. 2. To describe the deconstruction of Snow White‘s characterization in films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman deconstruct. 3. To find out the types of deconstruction reflected by the main character in Snow White And The Huntsman.
E. Significance of the Research The significances of this research as follow: 1. Theoretically, this writer hopes this title to be able to add the vocabulary of literary study which is related to film. It is also expected that this thesis will be a reference for the readers to wide their knowledge about film and deconstruction theory especially. 2. Practically, this thesis may make the readers realize that every literary work has their own messages that want to deliver by the author. From literary work the author can tell the opposition one that different with what most people believe and make them change their way of thinking.
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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Psychology Approach Psychology study about human being deals with the real life situation. Psycholoy is the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. Literature contains several phenomena related to the human soul. The author reflects the phenomenon through characters in literary works. It makes literature can be analyzed using psychological theories that also find the human soul in real life. Literary psychology is defined as a discipline that views literary works that contain some events of human life played by imaginary characters or even factual characters. Wellek and Warren in Theory of Literature, explain that there are several definitions of literary psychology based on the subject of research,7 they are: 1. Psychology of literature that studies the psychology of the author as an individual. It means that a writer is a human being who cannot be separated from the nature that has the desire and emotion. Based on his passion and emotional background he can create a literary works. 2. Psychology of literature psychology that studies the creative process. It means that this study looks at how the process of a work can be made into a whole literary work. 3. Psychology of literature that studies the types and principles of psychology applied to literary works. It means that this study looks at how topics and cases in psychology are applied in the character of literary works. 4. Psychology of literature that studies the influence of literary works on the reader. It means that this study sees the influence of literary work on the reader, whether it affects the way of thinking and the way of life of the reader or not.
7 Wellek, Rene & Austin Warren. (1977) Theory of Literature. New York: Harcourt, Brace Javanovich Publishers. p.81
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The writer used the third one of psychology approach because the writer analysis about the deconstruction reflected by the main character in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs animated film by Walt Disney and Snow White And The Huntsman film by Rupert Sanders. Sigmund Freud‘s work and theories helps shape our views of childhood, personality, memory, sexuality, and therapy. Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. 8 Freud provided convincing evidence, through his many careful record case studies, that most of our actions are by psychological force solver which we have very limit control. Generally psychology by Freud by has three kinds or parts of psychology. There are id, ego and superego.9 “Teori kepribadian menurut Freud pada umumnya dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu: id atau Id, ego atau Ich and superego atau Umber Ich. Id adalah dorongan-dorongan primitive yang harus dipuaskan, salah satunya adalah libido.Id dengan demikian adalah subjektif primer, dunia batin sebelum individu mempunyai pengalaman tentang dunia luar. Ego bertugas untuk mengontrol Id. Sedangkan superego berisi kata hati.”10
It can be concluded that definition about id, ego and superego. Id is dominated by the pleasure principle and the ego by the reality principle and the superego is dominated by the morality principle. We might say that the id can make devils, that the superego will have us behave as angels and that it remains for the ego to keep us healthy human beings by maintaining a balance between these two opposing force. In the simple, three components that Freud provide is all to know about id the source of libido or negative characteristic or full of the devil and ego is moral concerning base on environment, and ego is the positive value that have in human mind.
8 Steven Pinker (2001) Introduction of Psychology. Fall, Major Approach to Psychology, Journal. p. 1 9 Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature, p. 156-157 10 Nyoman Kutha Ratna, Teori, Metode dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra, p. 62-63
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B. Characters and Characterization A character is showed at perpetrator of presented story or the player of the story. The character of narrative film is studied in cause of effect as a part of film analysis. The character is the agent of cause be and effect. By creating and reacting to event, characters play roles within the film‘s formal system. Thus event when characters are based on historical person ages, they are not identical real people, in a narrative, characters are constructed being. Joseph M. Boggs and Denis W. Petrie in their book that title The Art of Watching Film, characters devided in some parts. They are:
1. Stock Characters and Stereotypes Stock characters are minor characters whose actions are completely predictable or typical of their job or profession. They are in the film simply because the situation demands their presence. They serve as a natural part of the setting, much as stage properties like a lamp or a chair might function in a play. Stereotypes, however, are characters of somewhat greater importance to the film. They fit into preconceived patterns of behavior common to or representative of a large number of people, at least a large number of fictional people.
2. Static and Developing Characters Developing characters are deeply affected by the action of the plot and undergo some important change in personality, attitude, or outlook on life as a result of the action of the story. Static characters remain essentially the same throughout the film. The action does not have an important effect on their lives (as might generally be the case with the hero of an action/adventure film). Or they are insensitive to the meaning of the action and thus are not capable of growth or change.
3. Flat and Round Characters Flat characters are two-dimensional, predictable characters who lack the complexity and unique qualities associated with psychological depth. They often tend to be representative character types rather than flesh-and-
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blood human beings. Unique, individualistic characters who have some degree of complexity and ambiguity and who cannot easily be categorized are called round characters or three-dimensional characters.11 A character usually refers to human, animal or thing that has function to play its rule in a story. And every character has variety values to make a story seems real, understandable, and worth caring about; the value could be moral, emotional, intellectual, or appearance values. 12 To give impressive values toward character is called characterization. The process of describing character is called characterization. Characterization means how the writer tells the reader about the physical and non- physical characteristic of the person told in the story but characterization in film is different with characterization in literary works because film is a visual story telling so that the characterization of a character in film more complicated and detailed than in literary works. Characterization of a character in film can be given in some ways; such as characterization through appearance, dialogue, through external and internal action, and through reaction of other characters. And even setting has contribution as the characterization of a character in a film; it can be determiner of character and reflection of character.13 Characterization in film has some values that could be showed, like characterization appearance. A character is showed physical, dress, facial feature, mannerisms and the way they move. And other characterization in film is dialogue; characters in film could reflect themselves and give point from viewers only with their style when their say and talk with other characters. And there are some ways like characterization through internal and external action, and through reaction of other characters become important thing in film and also influence viewers in interpreting the
11 Boggs, J. M.& Dennis W. Petrie (2000) The Art of Watching Films. London: Mayfield Publishing Company, 5th edition. p. 57-60. 12 Rosenhaim, J. R. & Edward W. (1960) What Happen in Literature. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p. 79. 13 Boggs, J. M. & Dennis W. Petrie, Op.cit., p. 50.
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characterization of certain character. Characters are clearly different with characterization. If the characters are all individuals or figures in the story, the characterization is the way how the author shows the figures. The author displays those characters through several images such as dialogue, behavior, movement, and soon. 1. Characterization Through Appearance Because most film actors project certain qualities of character the minute they appear on the screen, characterization in film has a great deal to do with casting. A major aspect of film characterization is revealed visually and instantaneously. Although some actors may be versatile enough to project completely different qualities in different roles, most actors are not. The minute we see most actors on the screen, we make certain assumptions about them because of their facial features, dress, physical build, and mannerisms and the way they move. Our first visual impression may be proven erroneous as the story progresses, but it is certainly an important means of establishing character. 2. Characterization Through Dialogue Characters in a fictional film naturally reveal a great deal about themselves by what they say. But a great deal is also revealed by how they say it. Their true thoughts, attitudes, and emotions can be revealed in subtle ways through word choice and through the stress, pitch, and pause patterns of their speech. Actors‘ use of grammar, sentence structure, vocabulary, and particular dialects (if any) reveals a great deal about their characters‘ social and economic level, educational background, and mental processes. 3. Characterization Through External Action Although appearance is an important measure of a character‘s personality, appearances are often misleading. Perhaps the best reflections of character are a person‘s actions. It must be assumed, of course, that real characters are more than mere instruments of the plot, that they do what they do for a purpose, out of motives that are consistent with their overall personality. Thus, there should be a clear relationship between a character and his or her actions; the actions should grow naturally out of the
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character‘s personality. 4. Characterization Through Internal Action There is an inner world of action that normally remains unseen and unheard by even the most careful observer/listener. Yet the dimension of human nature that this world embraces is often essential to a real understanding of a character. Inner action occurs within characters‘ minds and emotions and consists of secret, unspoken thoughts, daydreams, aspirations, memories, fears, and fantasies. People‘s hopes, dreams, and aspirations can be as important to an understanding of their character as any real achievement, and their fears and insecurities can be more terrible to them than any real catastrophic failure.
5. Characterization Through Reactions of Other Characters The way other characters view a person often serves as an excellent means of characterization. Sometimes, a great deal of information about a character is already provided through such means before the character first appears on the screen.14
6. Characterization Through Contrast: Dramatic Foils One of the most effective techniques of characterization is the use of foils– contrasting characters whose behavior, attitudes, opinions, lifestyle, physical appearance, and so on are the opposite of those of the main characters. 7. Characterization Through Caricature and Leitmotif In order to etc. a character quickly and deeply in our minds and memories, actors often exaggerate or distort one or more dominant features or personality traits. This device is called caricature (from the technique used in cartooning). A similar means of characterization, leitmotif, is the repetition of a single phrase or idea by a character until it becomes almost a trademark or theme song for that character. Because it essentially exaggerates and emphasizes (through repetition), such a device acts very much like caricature.
14Loc.cit.
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8. Characterization Through Choice of Name One important method of characterization is the use of names possessing appropriate qualities of sound, meaning, or connotation. This technique is known as name typing. Because a great deal of thought goes into the choice of names, they should not be taken for granted but should be carefully examined for the connotations they communicate. The connotations of some names, such as Dick Tracy, are rather obvious and clear: Dick is slang for detective; Tracy derives from the fact that detectives trace criminals.15
C. Deconstruction Theory The term deconstruction was coined in the late 1960‘s by the French philosopher Jacques Derrida,16 then influence America around the 1970s until the 1980s. Basically, the task of deconstruction, reveal the problematic nature of discourse centered, on the part of others to dismantle metaphysics by altering the boundaries conceptually. Deconstruction who described by Jacques Derrida is aim to show in appropriate of logic or rhetoric between explicitly was mentioned and implicitly hidden by text. Ferdinand de Saussure had explicitly made verbal language priority to written one. Deconstruction is an approach, which rigorously pursues the meaning of a text to the point of exposing the supposed contradictions and internal oppositions upon which it is founded - showing that those foundations are irreducibly complex, unstable, or impossible. Derrida shows that a text can be read as saying quite different from what it appears to be saying, and that it may be reads as carrying of significance or as saying many different things which are fundamental at variance with, contradictory to and subversive of what may be seen by criticism as a single, stable ‗meaning‘. Thus, a text may
15Ibid, p. 54-57. 16 Enwald, M. (2004 )Displacements of Deconstruction (The Deconstruction Of Metaphysics Of Presense, Meaning, Subject And Method).Finland: Bookshop Taju. University of Tempere. p. 50.
2412 betray itself. Texts create only a semblance of stable meaning. Where a text may appear to offer the reader options (either/or), in fact, it offers not such choice (both/and), and remains ultimately uncommitted, leaving the reader with no sense of closure.17 The kind of options which text offers will often be in the form of apparent binary oppositions which the text seems to distinguish. Norris defines deconstruction as a series of moves, which include the dismantling of conceptual oppositions and hierarchical systems of thought, and an unmasking of ‗aporias‘ and moments of self-contradiction in philosophy.18 While M.A.R. Habib writes that deconstruction is ―a way of reading, a mode of writing, and, above all, a way of challenging interpretations of texts based upon conventional notions of the stability of the human self, the external world, and of language and meaning‖.19 It might be said that deconstruction is a way of reading texts philosophical texts with the intention of making these texts question themselves, forcing them to take account of their own contradictions, and exposing the antagonisms they have ignored or repressed. Furthermore, we can assume that deconstruction sees the language does not have stable meaning. As a result the concept of ‗chair‘ will change depends on the context. The characterization of Snow White in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman films can be seen in different point of view by comparing it.
D. Steps of Deconstruction Derrida in his book Position stated that there were two steps in deconstructing the text. 20 First was locating an opposition. The first step of deconstruction analysis was locating the opposition.
17Carter, D. (2006)Literary Theory. Great Britain: Pocket Essentials. p. 111. 18Norris, C.(1987)The of Faculties: Philosophy and Theory after Deconstruction. New York & London: Metheun. p.19 19Habib, MAR. (2005)Modern Literary Criticism And Theory (A History). Blackwell Publishing.p.649 20 Derrida, Jacques. (1981). Position. Chicago: The University Of Chicago Press. Translated by Alan Bass. p.42
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1. Locating the opposition Derrida gives an analogy about the neglected parts of the texts and how to deconstruct them. He compares the text to architectonic structures and writes that in some texts there are ―neglected‖ or ―defective‖ corner stones which need to be levered in order to be deconstructed. In other words, if someone wants to deconstruct a text, he should find some important or important parts that are neglected or ignored and question these parts from different perspectives to create alternative meanings. 2. Determine which term is privileged After locating the opposition existing in the text, the next step is to determine which side is privilege. Determining the privileged term by revealing how the repressed, marginalized meaning can as well be central. For this phase of reversal is needed in order to subvert the original hierarchy of the first term over the second. But eventually, one must realize that this hierarchy is equally unstable, and surrender to the complete free play of the binary opposites in a nonhierarchical way. This will be just like a system of triangles in which there is a series of configurations of triangles one after the other. But each so called present configuration, each group of triangles which seem to be momentarily present, has emerged out of a prior configuration and is already dissolving into a future configuration, and this play goes on endlessly. There is no central configuration that attempts to freeze the play of the system, no marginal one, no privileged one, no repressed one. Derrida one needs to overturn or reverse them so they can be neutral, which gives both sides of the opposition right to represent themselves. 21 Reversing the oppositions and giving superiority to the suppressed concept do not mean to deconstruct it because the suppressed concept would have the upper hand and thus it would mean to stay ―within the closed field of these oppositions‖
21Ibid, p.77
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Thus, Derrida firstly focuses on the binary oppositions within a text like man/woman, major/minor. Secondly, it shows how these opposites are related, how one is central, natural and privileged, the other ignored, repressed and marginalized. Thirdly, it temporarily undoes or subverts the hierarchy to make the text mean the opposite of what it originally appeared to mean. Then in the last step, both terms of the opposition are seen dancing in the free play of nonhierarchical, non-stable meanings. Based on the explanation above, the researcher concludes that there are two steps in the deconstruction theory from Derrida‘s perspective as follows: locating an opposition, determining which is privileged.
E. Types of Deconstruction
Ratna Asmarani in her journal classifies deconstruction in two types. They are Reciprocal Deconstruction and Deconstruction by oneself. Those are two types of deconstruction will be explained as follows:
“Yang dimaksud dengan dekonstruksi resiprokal adalah suatu dekonstruksi yang dilakukan oleh pihak-pihak yang bertentangan tetapi berakibat saling mendekonstruksi tiap-tiap pihak. Dekonstruksi oleh diri sendiri adalah dekonstruksi yang dilakukan dan dikenakan pada diri sendiri. Pelaku dan penerima dekonstruksi adalah orang yang sama.”22
1. Reciprocal Deconstruction Reciprocal Deconstruction is a deconstruction that did by despute parties but caused parties deconstructed each other.
2. Self-Deconstruction Deconstruction by itself is a deconstruction that did and caused to itself. Agent and receiver of deconstruction is the same person.
22 Asmarani, R. (2008) Pendekatan Feminis-Dekonstruktif-Kultural. Jurnal: Fakultas Sastra Universitas Diponegoro, vol.32. No.1. p.27.
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F. Review of Related Research There are some previous studies conducted by other researchers as follows: First, from State Islamic of Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta 2011, she is Lia Fadhillah focused on Deconstruction Analysis on Major Female Character in Film Destiny of Her Own.23 The researcher focuses on the analysis of the character using Jacques Derrida`s Deconstruction Theory. The study concerns on the deconstructed feminist characteristic of the major female character in A Destiny of Her Own Movie. The researcher used qualitative descriptive analysis to analyze the relationship between the main character, deconstruction, and feminism. The researcher found that Veronica is a determined woman. In another view, using deconstruction theory the study identifies some differences about Veronica characteristic which is deconstructed are decisive and independent. Second from State Islamic University of Alauddin, Makassar 2017, she is Fitrah Ardini focused on Deconstruction Of Characters In Moana Movie.24 The researcher focuses on the analysis of the character using Jacques Derrida`s Deconstruction Theory. The study concerns on the deconstructed between the main character and minor character in Moana movie. The researcher used qualitative descriptive analysis in revealing the data. The researcher found that every character was equal because the character could not be categorized into the main and minor character because every character had the same roles in building the story in the movie and found different character from Moana who was portrayed as a brave woman, never give up to gain her mission, a woman like a man and independent woman. Third from State Islamic University of Sultan Thaha Saifuddin, Jambi 2017, she is Irawati Dewi focused on Deconstruction Of Woman Image As Seen In The Main Character Of Brave Film By Mark Andrews And Brenda
23 Fadhillah, L. (2011) Deconstruction Analysis on Major Female Character in Film Destiny of Her Own. Thesis : English Literature Department Adab and Humanities Faculty State Islamic of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. p. 16 24Ardini, F. (2017) Deconstruction Of Characters In Moana Movie. Thesis: English and Literature Department Adab and Humanities Faculty State Islamic University of Alauddin Makassar. p.14
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Chapman. 25 The researcher focuses on the analysis of the character using Jacques Derrida`s Deconstruction Theory. The study concerns on the deconstructed feminist characteristic of the major female character in Brave film. The researcher used qualitative descriptive analysis to analyze the relationship between the main character, deconstruction, and feminism. The researcher found that Merida has some characteristics such as stubborn, brave and smart. The film deconstruct women image such as timid to be brave, obey to be disobedient and calm to be attractive. From the preview related research above, most of them analyze about deconstructionin the film, the same points of their research with the writer are in the theory and the method of analyzing the data is descriptive analysis. The different of this research with them is the purposed of the research, where the writer focuses on comparing the main character‘s characterization to find out deconstruction which reflected by the main characterin Snow White And Seven Dwarfs by Walt Disney and Snow White And The Huntsman by Rupert Sanders .
25 Dewi, I.(2017)Deconstruction Of Woman Image As Seen In The Main Character Of Brave Film By Mark Andrews And Brenda Chapman.Thesis: English and Literature Department Adab and Humanities Faculty State Islamic University of Sultan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. p. 15.
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CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
A. Design of Research In writing this thesis, the writer used qualitative descriptive research that is suitable with the aim of this research. Qualitative research may be in descriptive form. The data collected in the form of words as a descriptive explanation than a number. The result of the research contains quotation from the data to illustrate and substantive the presentation. Descriptive research is a research which aims to describe a phenomenon accurately based on the characteristic of research, where the data are analyzed through interpreting, not statistical analysis. According to Denzin and Lincoln define: ―Qualitative research is multi method in focus, involving an interpretive, naturalistic approach to its subject matter. This means that qualitative researchers study thing in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of or interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them. Qualitative research involves the studied use and collection of a variety of empirical materials-case study, personal experience, introspective, life story, interview, observational, historical, interactional, and visual texts-that describe routine and problematic moments and meaning in individuals‘ lives.‖26
From the quotation above qualitative research is a method in focus, naturalistic approach to it is subject matter. It means that qualitative researchers study thing in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of or interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them. In collecting data, the writer uses the library research. The writer watched the films and read the books, articles, journals, and cyber data,that relates to the topic. It is clear that those data collected by the writer in form of words or quotation that taken from the films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs by Walt Disney and Snow White And The Huntsman by Rupert Sanders and other sources. Descriptive is: ―Data yang dikumpulkan berupa kata-kata, gambar dan bukan
26Denzin and Lincoln in John W. Creswell, (1997) Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design, (California:United States of America, p. 15.
3018 angka-angka, hal itu disebabkan oleh penerapan metode kualitatif.” 27 Umar stated that ―Di dalam penelitian kualitatif yang mana tidak didasarkan pada sampel statistik, namun pencarian fakta dengan interpretasi yang tepat dalam meneliti status sekelompok manusia, suatu objek, suatu set kondisi, suatu sistem pemikiran ataupun suatu kelas peristiwa pada masa sakarang”.28 In this theory, qualitative research in research procedures which produce descriptive data as spoken words of the person or behavior being researched. Moh. Nazir stated that “Metode deskriptif adalah ini bertujuan untuk membuat deskripsi, gaambaran atau lukisan secara sistematis, faktual dan akurat mengenai fakta-fakta, sifat-sifat serta hubungan antar fenomena yang diselidiki”29. It makes easy the research to get the right data. It means that qualitative method is analyzing about descriptive data that are used documentation in this research, by using this qualitative method, the writer felt easy to analyze the film. It means that, qualitative method used to get the deep meaning from the data. It will make easy the research to get the right data. Sugiyono stated that:
―Metode penelitian kualitatif adalah metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi objek yang alamiah, (sebagai lawanya adalah eksperimen) dimana peneliti adalah sebagai instrument kunci, teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara triangulasi (gabungan), analisis data bersifat induktif/kualitatif, dan hasil penelitian kualitatif lebih menekankan makna dari pada generalisasi”.30 It means that qualitative method is analyzing about descriptive data such as written or spoken, at the person who is observed in this research, where qualitative method also analyzing about the data from outside which the data still not right. By using this qualitative method, the writer felt easy to analyze the film. Based on those statements, it can be concluded that qualitative research is analyzing about descriptive data that is collected in the form of the situation of the natural object. Where descriptive data such as written or spoken, by using qualitative research the
27 Sugiyono, (2009)Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta, p. 19. 28 Umar, (2011)Metode Penelitian Untuk Sekripsi dan Tesis Bisnis. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, p. 22. 29 Nazir,Moh. (2011) Motode Penelitian. Bogor: Penerbit Ghalia Indonesia, p. 54. 30Sugiyono, Op.Cit,p. 9
3119 researcher will get answer about the question in compare the deconstruction of main character‘s characterization reflected in films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman.
B. Sources of Data The source of the data in this research the writer took data from the Snow White And Seven Dwarfs an animation by Walt Disney and Snow White And The Huntsman film directed by Rupert Sanders. Snow White And Seven Dwarfs was well-received critically and earned more than 416 million worldwide at the box office, it won the 11th Academy Award for Best Musical Score, Hollywood Walk of Fame Award as the first animation film and the longest which was made by Disney. And Snow White And The Huntsman success to get 396,6 million dollars in box office, it won two Academy Award nominations for Best Visual Effects and Best Costume Design at the 85th Academy Award. The writer downloaded the film from Movie.com and the writer took the script from Subscene.com. The writer used the dialogues in script and the pictures from the films to find out the deconstruction of the main character reflected in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman.
C. Technique of Data Collection In other get the information in this research, writer used library research. The writer used documentation technique to get the data because the data was written, as Sugiyono stated ―Dokumen merupakan catatan peristiwa yang sudah berlalu. Dokumen bisa berbentuk tulisan, gambar atau karya-karya monumental dari seseorang”.31The documentation was technique of collecting the data based on documentation such as book, journals and article. There were some steps of the technique of the data collection that had done by the writer in this research, these are: 1. Collections all data from the films that has been taken from scripts and
other sources which are closely related to the aim of the research and also
31 Ibid, p. 240
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watching repeatedly and comprehensively for some scenes, dialogues, and
symbols that exist in the animation film snow White And Seven Dwarfs by
Walt Disney and Snow White And The Huntsman film by Rupert Sanders
and articles in the cyber data as many as possible which show a form of
problem.
2. Reading the data repeatedly, after getting all important sources, the writer
read it to make sure that the data are correlating with the research.
3. Identifying and classifying the data, after finding all the data completely,
the writer processed the data to analyze them. Finally, the writer made a
good arrangement for the thesis itself as the last in finalizing research.
D. Technique of Data Analysis In qualitative research, technique analysis data used to answer the formulation of the problem. According to Suwardi Endraswara stated that; ―Analisis konten adalah strategi untuk menangkap pesan karya sastra”.32The writer has several techniques from the data analysis, in order to make this research more specific. According to Susan Stainback, ―There are no guidelines in qualitative research for determining how much data and data analysis are necessary to support and assertion, conclusion or theory.‖33 It means, that content analysis was a way to make conclusion that can identify what message wants to convey in the object that want to analyze.
1. Identifying The writer identified the data which correlate with characterization, deconstruction and the types of deconstruction in the films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman.
32Suwardi Endraswara (2013) Metodologi Penelitian Sastra, First Edition. Yogyakarta: Center of Academic Publishin Service. p. 161 33Sugiyono, Op.cit., p.243
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2. Classifying The writer classified the data into relevant categorizes. Where the categorized of characterization correlation with the reflection of deconstruction of the main character and types of deconstruction in the films. With the categorizes will help the writer to find idea in each data and know how concept to complicated the research, 3. Analyzing, describing, explaining The writer analyzing, describing and explaining the data based on the questions used the deconstruction theory and psychology approach and also other theory that supported to complete the answers. 4. Making the Conclusion After all the data had been analyzing, describing and explaining in the research, the writer made the conclusion of the research based on the theory.
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CHAPTER IV FINDING AND ANALYSIS
A. Finding In films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs by Walt Disney and Snow White And The Huntsman by Rupert Sanders that used as the sources of the data, there were similarity and dissimilarities in Snow White‘s characterization, although those films are same based on the German fairy tale. The writer found 6 (six) data that can prove Snow White character and characterization. In animated film by Walt Disney, Snow White And Seven Dwarfs, Snow White as a flat and stereotype character. Snow White has kind heart as the simmilar one and dependent characterization seen by the dialogues, her external action and reaction of other character as the dissimilar characterization. Then as the dissimilarity too, Snow White visualized as a beautiful and lovely princess seen by her appearance in the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs. . Characterization of Snow White as the main character in film Snow White And The Huntsman was different, she as a developing and round character. When she was in her childhood, she as a kind and lovely princess, the similar characterization. After Snow White grew up in the prison then in her escaped from the evil queen and the black army, she changed into an independent, strong and brave woman who can protect herself as the dissimilar characterization, even she can take back her father‘s kingdom. There was a deconstruction of the main character‘s characterization between those films according to Derrida‘s theory about deconstruction. There were4 (four) data as the opposition binary of the main character‘s characterization. In the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs the main character has characterization as a weak princess who can not do self-defense and as a dependent woman who always wishing and waiting for a prince to save her life. It was in opposition binary and being the privileged one if compared with Snow White‘s characterization in film Snow White And The Huntsman, here the main character has characterization as a strong woman who can protect herself when
2335 she threatened by someone, she can do self-defense and she is an independent woman who led Duke‘s castle people to against the evil queen and killed her by using a little sword at the end of the film. As the types of deconstructions based on Ratna Asmarani‘s journal, the writer found 2 (two) types that was reflected by the main character in Snow White And The Huntsman film. They were Reciprocal Deconstruction 6 (four) data and Self-Deconstruction 1 (one) data while the data showed the main characters reflected many Reciprocal Deconstruction when the main character interact with other characters in the film.
B. Analysis
1. Character and Characterization The main character in films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman named Snow White. In this part the writer focuses on the development of Snow White‘s characterization between in those films by using character and characterization theory by Joseph M. Boggs and Denis W. Petrie. Here the writer will put the pictures together as the comparison so the simmilarity and dissimilarities between Snow White‘s characterization in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman can be seen clearly. Picture 1 Picture 2 Snow White And Seven Dwarfs34 Snow White And The Huntsman35
34 Duration : 00:08:09,072 00:08:32,928 35 Duration : 00:02:30,150 00:02:52,260
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Snow White : Hello there. What's Snow White : We found it in the the matter? Where's your mama and woods. It's injured, Mother. papa? Why? I believe you're lost. Queen : It must have broken Oh, please don't cry. its wing. Don't worry, it will heal in Little bird : (chirping) time. I'll look after it. You possess Snow White : Come on, perk up. a rare beauty, my love. In here. Won't you smile for me? Never lose it. It will serve you well Little bird : (chirping) when you become queen. Snow White : (laughing) That's better. Your mama and papa can't be far.
The picture and dialogue 1 showed a scene in the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs, when Snow White in the park to pick some flowers. She found a little bird who looks sad because the little bird lost his parent. Snow White did an external action by entertained the little bird and helped to find the little bird‘s parent. It was described if Snow White was a lovely princess who has kind heart even to animals. The picture and dialogue2 showed a scene in the beginning of film Snow White And The Huntsman, when Snow White was in her childhood, she lived happily with her parent, the king and the queen her real mother. Snow White showed an external action by brought a hurt bird that she found in a forest then she gave it to her mother. Snow White gets a reaction from her mother as seen in the dialogue that can tell Snow White has a rare beauty, she has kind heart. Both of the pictures and dialogues above showed simmilarity of Snow White‘s characterization in the films as a woman with kind heart.
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Picture 3 Picture 4 Snow White And Seven Dwarfs36 Snow White and the Huntsman 37
Snow White : I'm wishing. For Snow White : Frost to fire and fire the one I love. To find me. Today. to frost. Iron will meet. But it will I'm hoping. And I'm dreaming of. writhe inside of itself. All these The nice things. He'll say. years all I‘ve known is darkness.
But I have never seen brighter light
than when my eyes just opened.
And I know that light burns in all
of you! Those embers must turn to
flame. Iron into sword!...
The picture and dialogue 3 showed a scene in the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs when Snow White did a house keeper job in the castle. She sung a song and echoing by the well. The lyrics of the song is about her wish to find out by someone who she loved. Snow White often to say about her dream like this in some scenes. It was describes if Snow White was a dependent woman seen by her dialogue a song about her dream to be saved by someone else. The picture and dialogue 4 showed a scene in the film Snow White and the Huntsman when Snow White woke up from the death. She argued with Duke
36 Duration : 00:04:32,564 00:04:58,547 37 Duration: 01:42:01,115 01:43:23,034
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Hammond then she speech in front of Duke‘s castle people to invite them doing rebellion toward the evil queen Ravenna and her dark army. It was described if Snow White was brave, confident and independent woman by her dialogue speaks in front of Duke‘s castle people. Snow White burns their spirit to get back the kingdom and against the evil queen Ravenna. From the pictures and dialogues between of both films above it showed that Snow White has dissimilar characterization. Snow White in the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs described as dependent woman seen by her dialogue, sung a song about her dream to be found and helped by a prince. It was opposition in Snow White And The Huntsman, Snow White described as independent woman seen by her dialogue speech in front of Duke‘s castle people and asked them to follow her rebellion to the evil Queen Ravenna. In this film, Snow White‘s appearance was visualized as aprincess who has white skin as snow, red lips as blood, and black hair as ebony wood. It can be seen in the explanation below: Picture 5 Picture 6 Snow White And Seven Dwarfs38 Snow White and the Huntsman39
Snow White : Go on. Go on, Snow White : (Grunts) have a bite.
38 Duration: 01:10:44,824 01:10:47,993 39Duration : 01:53:44,776 01:53:46,777
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The picture and dialogue 5 showed a scene in the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs, when Snow White helped the old woman from the birds who disturbed her. The birds tried to protect Snow White and makes the old woman go away from Snow White then failed to give Snow White the poisoned apple. It was described if Snow White was a beautiful and lovely princess seen by her appearance, dialogue and external action. Snow White wore a dress and phisically she is beautiful with white skin, red lips and black hair. And Snow White has inner beauty too. She help the old woman to chase away the birds althought the old woman was the evil queen who in disguises. And the old woman has a bad planning, she wants to kill Snow White using the poisoned apple. The picture and dialogue 6 showed a scene in the film Snow White and The Huntsman, when Snow White arrived at the kingdom to against the evil queen, Ravenna. She wore armor, bring the sword and a shield of combat to face and protect herself from Ravenna‘s attack. It was described if Snow White was a brave and strong woman seen by her appearance. From the pictures and dialogues from both of the films it showed that Snow White has dissimilar characterization. If in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs Snow White described as a beautiful and lovely woman seen by her appearance was visualized in beautiful and colorful dress. It was opposition with Snow White‘s appearance in visualized by Snow White And The Huntsman film. She was described as a brave and strong woman seen by the armor she wore, sword and shield of combat she brought. From some data that the writer found it can conclude between Snow White in the animation film has characterization kind heart, the simmilar characterization with what reflected in the film Snow White And The Huntsman. And Snow White in the animation film has characterization as a dependent, beautiful and lovely woman, dissimilarrities characterization with what reflected in the film Snow White And The Huntsman who has independent, strong and brave characterization.
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Snow White character between in the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman film was different. In the animation film Snow White was a flat and stereotype character. Snow White in Snow White And The Huntsman film as a developing and round character.
2. Deconstruction of Snow White’s Characterization between in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman
Snow White‘s characterization between in films Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman were stand in opposition side. The changeof Snow White‘s characterization between in those films will be analyzed by using deconstruction theory by Jaques Derida. Here the writer will put the pictures and dialogues together to find out the opposition between Snow White‘s characterization in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman and then determine which term is privileged. The writer found opposition of Snow White‘s characterization in the film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs was described as a princess who can not protect herself. Whilein Snow White And The Huntsman Snow White‘s characterization was described as a woman who can do self-defense. It can be seen from the pictures and dialogues below: Picture 7 Picture 8 Snow White And Seven Dwarfs40 Snow White And The Huntsman41
40 Duration : 00:08:50,905 00:09:25,022 41 Duration : 00:25:33,198 00:25:35,541
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Snow White : (Screaming) Finn : (Groans) Servant : I can't, I can't do it. Forgive me. I beg of Your Highness, forgive me. Now, quick, child, run. Run away, hide! In the woods! Anywhere! Never
come back! Now, go. Go! Go!
Run! Run! Hide!
The picture and dialogue 7 showed a scene in the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs,w hen Snow White trying to kill by the evil queen‘s servant. Snow White did not do any resistance to protect herself except screaming. She did not kill because of the servant compassionate with her, then just let her go away.It was described if there is Snow White‘s characterization is a weak woman, can not protect herself by doing any self-defence. In the opposition side, the picture and dialogue 8 showed a scene Snow White And The Huntsman film when the evil queen‘s servant want to kill Snow White, shedid a self-defense and hurt the servant named Finn by using a nail. Snow White can protect herself from someone who wants to kill her and take her beating heart to give to her evil step mother. In this scene, Snow White looks has bravery, strong characterization, not a weak woman to save herself if there is someone who threatened her life. Picture 9 Picture 10 Snow White And Seven Dwarfs42 Snow White And The Huntsman43
42 Duration: 00:56:56,455 00:58:46,939 43 Duration: 01:45:18,562 01:45:21,444
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Snow White : Well, once there Duke Hammond : Is there no was a princess. ... Some day other way in? my prince will come. Some Snow White : There is day we'll meet again. And another way. away to his castle we'll go. To be happy forever. ... And wedding bells will ring. Some day when my dreams come true.
The picture and dialogue 9 showed a scene in the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs, when Snow White in the dwarf‘s house, she told a love story like what they asked. Actually Snow White told about her dreaming to find out by a prince who she loved. It was described if Snow White is a dependent woman because she was often to say about her dream to find out by a prince who she loved and saved until they get married, then life happy forever. The picture and dialogue 10 showed a scene that Snow White‘s characterization in film Snow White And The Huntsman was in the opposition side. She did not wait a prince to help her, and even she led people to against her evil step mother and get back her father‘s kingdom then she killed the evil step-mother by herself. It showed Snow White looks has an independent characterization when Snow White succeed to bring Duke‘s castle people and followed her to against the evil queen and her black army. In deconstruction analysis find out the neglected term and the marginalized term that ignored by the audience. Then bring it to the surface so the audience not has stereotype if woman was a weak and dependent being. So deconstruction erased the stigma or stereotype such woman always as weak and dependent character and then deconstruction found different meaning from the text. So here the writer found and determines if woman not as a weak and dependent being such
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stereotype about woman or like what reflected by Snow White‘s characterization in the animation Snow White And Seven Dwarfs. In the opposite, woman is a strong and independent being like what reflected in the film Snow White And The Huntsman.
3. Types of Deconstruction in Snow White And The Huntsman In this research, the writer used theory of deconstruction types by Ratna Asmarani, which devided into two types of deconstruction. The Writer only found types of deconstruction in the film Snow White And The Huntsman because deconstruction found in the film as the opposition one.
a. Reciprocal Deconstuction Reciprocal Deconstruction is a deconstruction treated by parties who are conflicting but which result in a connection deconstructing each party. It was happened in film Snow White And The Huntsman. It can be seen in the picture and dialogue below: Picture 11 Snow White and the Huntsman44
Snow White : I'm afraid of her. Finn : And not of me? Snow White : No. Finn : Fear not, Princess. You will never again be locked in this cell.
44 Duration : 00:25:01,625 00:25:35,541
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Snow White : What does she want from me? Finn : Your beating heart.
The picture and dialogue above was when Snow White still in the prison kingdom. Finn came in and want to kill Snow White by taking her beating heart because the evil Queen Ravenna wants it. Snow White said to Finn if she did not afraid with Finn. But then Snow White hurts Finn using a nail when Finn said if the evil queen Ravenna wants her beating heart. It was described deconstruction between Snow White and Finn who were in opposition side. Snow White deconstructed if she did not afraid with Finn and will be unlocked in the cell again. And Finn deconstructed when Snow White was a weak woman who can not protect herself and get out from the cell by herself. But then, Finn was hurt by Snow White. Snow White using a nail that she gets from the prison then hurts Finn and run away.
Picture 12 Snow White and the Huntsman 45
Huntsman : Here, I want to show you something. Which is your lead foot? If someone comes at you, you raise this arm up. And you block, and use their strength against them. You're small, so wait until they're close. And you drive it through their heart to the hilt. You
45 Duration: 00:49:30,009 00:50:16,647
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understand? Do not hesitate. You look in their eyes. And do not pull it out until you see their soul. Snow White : I couldn't do that. Huntsman : Well, you might not have a choice.
The picture and dialogue above was when Snow White and the Huntsman in black woods, Snow White taught a self-defence using a little sword by the Huntsman. It described deconstruction between Snow White and the Huntsman who in opposition side, the Huntsman deconstructed when he believes Snow White is a woman who can not protect herself. Then Snow White said if she can not do that, to kill someone. The Huntsman convinces her if she have not a choice. Then Snow White had a bravery and self-defense skill. Because in the other scene, she led Duke‘s castle people to fight her evil step mother and kill her. This scene showed if Snow White did a reciprocal deconstruction with the Huntsman. Between the Huntsman who believes Snow White as a weak woman, can not protect herself so he and Snow White who do not believe if she can protect herself even then she can kill her evil step mother. Picture 13 Snow White and the Huntsman46
A Dwarf : We used to have pride. And now we just pilfer and drink. and dream about when we didn't. Every man here would die for the chance of becoming that man again. So,
46Duration : 01:23:34,009 01:24:01,041
4634
we follow you, Princess, in life and in death. And we shall have our pride again. On Gus's soul, this I swear.
The picture and dialogue above was when a dwarf died because of an evil queen‘s servant. But this incident did not make any changes of dwarfs‘ choice, they precisely believe to follow Snow White even if they should be died. And a dwarf gave a sword to Snow White. It was described deconstruction between Snow White and a dwarf. They were deconstructed each other because Snow White at that time feels so sad after another dwarf was died because of he tried to protect Snow White from the evil queen‘s servant. Then the dwarf tried to convince Snow White if they will follow her to fight for better condition in their land by giving her a sword.
Picture 14 Snow White and the Huntsman 47
Snow White : The world seems beautiful again. William : It will be, when you are queen. The people of this kingdom hate Ravenna with every fiber. Snow White : I used to hate her. But now I feel only sorrow. William : Once people find out you're alive, they will rise up in your name. Snow White :It takes more than a name.
47 Duration : 01:29:16,476 01:30:26,176
3547
William :You are your father's daughter. The rightful heir. If I had a choice, I'd take you far away. Keep you safe by my side. But I have a duty. And so do you. Snow White : How do I inspire? How will I lead men? William : The way you led me when we were children. I followed you everywhere. I ran when you called. I would have done anything for you.
The picture and dialogues above was when Snow White and William, actually it was Ravenna the evil queen who was in disguises. At that time they are walk under the snow fall. William and Snow White was in argue about the land of the kingdom. William tried to convince Snow White if the kingdom will looks beautiful again if she being the queen of the kingdom. But Snow White did not know how to lead the people to against the evil queen Ravenna. It described that between Snow White and William, who actually was Ravenna the evil queen which in disguises. They were deconstructed each other because William or Ravenna was tried to convince Snow White if she can inspire and lead men to against the evil queen and be the next queen to make the kingdom in the condition like before when Snow White‘s father as the king. And Snow White still doubt about her ability to inspire and lead men because she know in the past when her and William were children, she always in argue with him, not led him. Like what Ravenna said.
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Picture 15 Snow White and the Huntsman48
Duke Hammond : Death has favored you. Snow White : Death favors no man. We must ride like thundering waves under the tattered battle flag of my father. Duke Hammond : You must rest. Snow White : We have rested long enough.
The picture and dialogue above was when Snow White just woke up from her death. Snow White makes people of Duke‘s castle shock and admired. Then Snow White talks to Duke Hammond to face the evil queen Ravenna and the black army. But Duke Hammond precisely ordered Snow White to take a rest. Then Snow White convinced Duke Hammond and people in the castle to against Ravenna and take back the kingdom. Until Duke‘s castle people invaded Ravenna and the black army in a throng lead by Duke Hammond and Snow White too. It described deconstruction between Snow White and Duke Hammond. They were deconstructed each other because Snow White realized if they need to move, to against the evil queen and get beck the kingdom, when Duke Hammond tried to make Snow White calm down after her awareness from death. But Snow White decided to burn spirit of Duke‘s castle people and fight the evil queen‘s black army.
48 Duration : 01:41:38,467 01:41:52,114
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Picture 16 Snow White and the Huntsman 49
Ravenna : Come and avenge your father who was too weak to raise his sword. Go on. Watch them die. How does it feel, knowing you were the one who led them to their deaths? You see? We're not that different, are we? Snow White : I'm everything you're not. Ravenna : You cannot defeat me! I've lived too many lives. Ravaged entire kingdoms. I have been given powers that you could not even fathom! I will never stop. Never. I will give this wretched world the queen it deserves. By fairest blood, it is done! Snow White : And only by fairest blood is it undone. You can't have my heart.
The picture and dialogue above was when Snow White argued with the evil queen Ravenna. Snow White with her bravery wants to kill Ravenna. But Ravenna was too strong with her black magic. Until Snow White makes Ravenna in a position then Snow White can kill the evil queen using a little sword that did not expect by Ravenna before. As a princess who was in cell for a long time, Ravenna the evil queen believes Snow White is a weak woman. But from Snow White‘s escaped until
49 Duration : 01:55:27,212 01:58:48,539
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she came back to the kingdom, Snow White learnt many things until she can protect herself and kill Ravenna. It described deconstruction between Snow White and the evil queen, Ravenna were deconstructed each other. Ravenna tried to make Snow White affraid with her black magic and make Snow White regret because had bring Duke‘s castle people to against her. Snow White with her sword and bravery she against Ravenna nearly, using technique that taught by the huntsman she killed Ravenna. b. Self-Deconstruction Self-Deconstruction is customary deconstruction that was done and imposed on oneself. Agent and recipient of deconstruction were the same person. It happened to Snow White. It can be seen in the explanation below: Picture 17 Snow White and the Huntsman 50
Snow White : (Panting) The picture above was a scene when Snow White still in cell before Finn come in and want to kill her and take her beating heart then give it to the evil queen, Ravenna. Snow White take the nail near of the cell and save it. And then Finn came to the cell said if Ravenna wants her beating heart, it was made Snow White felt treated Snow White suddenly used the nail to protect herself and hurts Finn. As a woman who was in cell since childhood, Snow White did not have many experience and a skill to protect herself from someone who threaten her
50 Duration : 00:23:52,973 00:23:54,350
51 39 life. Snow White from this scene was saved a nail then used it to hurt Finn and protect herself. It described if there was a self-deconstruction did by Snow White character if she will need the nail then she saved it to use when she was threaten. In the film Snow White And The Huntsman, there are some types of deconstruction that reflected by the main character named Snow White. There is Reciprocal Deconstruction which reflected between Snow White as the main character and some characters in the film such as Finn, the Huntsman, the Dwarfs, Prince William, Duke Hammond and Ravenna the evil queen. And Self-Deconstruction which reflected by Snow White as the main character to herself.
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CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusions In this research, the writer analyzes the main character in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs by Walt Disney and Snow White And The Huntsman by Rupert Sanders. Tells the story of the life of Snow White being a pricess who life with a jealous evil queen. Based on the chapter IV, the writer can conclude the result of comparison study of deconstruction reflected in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs by Walt Disney and Snow White And The Huntsman by Rupert Sanders from each formulation of the problems. 1.This film displays various kinds of characterization of Snow White in Snow White And Seven Dwarfsand Snow White And The Huntsman. Snow White in animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs is a flat and stereotype character. But Snow White in film Snow White And The Huntsman is a developing and round character. The similar characterization of Snow White in those film is she haskind heart. The main character showed some dissimilaties characterization. In the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs Snow White as a dependent, beautiful and lovely princess. In the opposition Snow White in film Snow White And The Huntsman portrayed as an independent, strong and brave woman. 2.There was a deconstruction of the main character‘s characterization between Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman. In the animation film Snow White And Seven Dwarfs, Snow White has characterization as a weak and dependent princess who can not do self- defence then she always wishing and waiting for a prince. It was in opposition binary if compared to Snow White‘s characterization in film Snow White And The Huntsman. Here the main character has characterization as a strong, brave and independent woman. Snow White‘s
41 53
character in Snow White And The Huntsman film is a privileged one and broke up the stigma if woman is a weak and dependent being. 3.There are two types of deconstruction that was reflected by the main character in Snow White And The Huntsman film. They were Reciprocal Deconstruction and Self-Deconstruction when the main character interact with other character in the film or did by herself.
B. Suggestions In analyzing film, it is always interesting for the writer to explore the film, all aspect of film; sounds, characters, dialogues, visual form, etc. because there are thousands of ideas and messages that share through the films. The researcher should use the appropriate theory or approach in order to have comprehension of the film it self. In this thesis, the writer uses theory deconstruction viewed from Jacques Derrida concept to reveal the main character‘s deconstruct in Snow White And Seven Dwarfs and Snow White And The Huntsman films by using another approach or theory in analyzing it, and they can focus on the some aspects in those films that the writer does not analyze yet to get broader comprehension of the films.
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REFERENCES Al-Qur‘an dan Terjemahnya (2016) Jakarta: Maghfirah Pustaka
Ardini, F. (2017) Deconstruction Of Characters In Moana Movie. Thesis: English and Literature Department Adab and Humanities Faculty State Islamic University of Alauddin Makassar. Asmarani, R. (2008) Pendekatan Feminis-Dekonstruktif-Kultural. Journal: Fakultas Sastra Universitas Diponegoro, Vol.32. No.1. Balkin, J. M. (1996). Deconstruction. Copyright 1995-1996 by Jack.M. Balkin. All Rights Reserved. Accessed on February 28, 2019, from http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/jbalkin/articles/deconessay.pdf.
Boggs, J. M. & Dennis W. Petrie. (2000) The Art of Watching Films. London: Mayfield Publishing Company, 5th edition. Bressler, C. (1998). Literary Criticism. USA: Houghton College.
Carter, D. (2006) Literary Theory. Great Britain: Pocket Essentials. Denzin and Lincoln in John W. Creswell, (1997) Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design. California:United States of America.
Derrida, Jacques. (1981). Position. Chicago: The University Of Chicago Press. Translated by Alan Bass. Dewi, I. (2017) Deconstruction Of Woman Image As Seen In The Main Character Of Brave Film By Mark Andrews And Brenda Chapman.Thesis: English and Literature Department Adab and Humanities Faculty State Islamic University of Sultan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. Elguerin, Wilfrend et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature. Endraswara, S. (2013) Metodologi Penelitian Sastra, First Edition. Yogyakarta: Center of Academic Publishin Service. Enwald, M. (2004) Displacements of Deconstruction (The Deconstruction Of Metaphysics Of Presense, Meaning, Subject And Method).Finland: Bookshop Taju.University of Tempere. Fadhillah, L. (2011) Deconstruction Analysis on Major Female Character in Film Destiny of Her Own. Thesis : English Literature Department Adab and Humanities Faculty State Islamic of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Habib, MAR. (2005)Modern Literary Criticism And Theory (A History). Blackwell Publishing.
55 43 Meeftha, Al Qur‘an Terjemah Bahasa Inggris Lengkap. Accessed July, 08 2019. 12:22 pm from http://ayatalquran.net/2015/09/ al-quran- terjemah-bahasa- inggris Nazir, Moh. (2011) Motode Penelitian. Bogor: Penerbit Ghalia Indonesia. Norris, C.(1987)The of Faculties: Philosophy and Theory after Deconstruction. New York & London: Metheun. Steven Pinker (2001) Introduction of Psychology. Fall, Major Approach to Psychology, Journal. Ratna, Nyoman Kutha. (2008)Teori, Metode dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Rosenhaim, J. R. & Edward W. (1960) What Happen in Literature. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Sugiyono. (2009) Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta. Umar, (2011) Metode Penelitian Untuk Sekripsi dan Tesis Bisnis. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Wellek, Rene & Austin Warren. (1977) Theory of Literature. New York: Harcourt, Brace Javanovich Publishers.
56 44 APPENDIX I
The Synopsis of Snow White And Seven Dwarfs Film by Walt Disney
Snow White is a lonely princess living with her stepmother, a vain Queen. The Queen worries that Snow White will look better than she, so she forces Snow White to work as a scullery maid and asks her Magic Mirror daily "who is the fairest one of all". For years the mirror always answers that the Queen is, pleasing her. One day, the Magic Mirror informs the Queen that Snow White is now "the fairest" in the land. The jealous Queen orders her Huntsman to take Snow White into the forest and kill her. She further demands that the huntsman return with Snow White's heart in a jeweled box as proof of the deed. However, the Huntsman cannot bring himself to kill Snow White. He tearfully begs for her forgiveness, revealing the Queen wants her dead and urges her to flee into the woods and never look back. Lost and frightened, the princess is befriended by woodland creatures who lead her to a cottage deep in the woods. Finding seven small chairs in the cottage's dining room, Snow White assumes the cottage is the untidy home of seven orphaned children. In reality, the cottage belongs to seven adult dwarfs—named Doc, Grumpy, Happy, Sleepy, Bashful, Sneezy, and Dopey—who work in a nearby mine. Returning home, they are alarmed to find their cottage clean and suspect that an intruder has invaded their home. The dwarfs find Snow White upstairs, asleep across three of their beds. Snow White awakes to find the dwarfs at her bedside and introduces herself, and all of the dwarfs eventually welcome her into their home after she offers to clean and cook for them. Snow White keeps house for the dwarfs while they mine for jewels during the day, and at night they all sing, play music and dance. Meanwhile, the Queen discovers that Snow White is still alive when the mirror again answers that Snow White is the fairest in the land and reveals that the heart in the jeweled box is actually that of a pig. Using a potion to disguise herself as an old hag, the Queen creates a poisoned apple that will put whoever eats it into
57 the "Sleeping Death", a curse she learns can only be broken by "love's first kiss", but is certain Snow White will be buried alive. While the Queen goes to the cottage while the dwarfs are away, the animals are wary of her and rush off to find the dwarfs. Faking a potential heart attack, the Queen tricks Snow White into bringing her into the cottage to rest. The Queen fools Snow White into biting into the poisoned apple under the pretense that it is a magic apple that grants wishes. As Snow White falls asleep, the Queen proclaims that she is now the fairest of the land. The dwarfs return with the animals as the Queen leaves the cottage and give chase, trapping her on a cliff. She tries to roll a boulder over them, but before she can do so, lightning strikes the cliff, causing her to fall to her death. The dwarfs return to their cottage and find Snow White seemingly dead, being kept in a deathlike slumber by the poison. Unwilling to bury her out of sight in the ground, they instead place her in a glass coffin trimmed with gold in a clearing in the forest. Together with the woodland creatures, they keep watch over her. A year later, a prince who had previously met and fallen in love with Snow White learns of her eternal sleep and visits her coffin. Saddened by her apparent death, he kisses her, which breaks the spell and awakens her. The dwarfs and animals all rejoice as the Prince takes Snow White to his castle.
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APPENDIX II
The Synopsis of Snow White And The Huntsman Film by Rupert Sanders
While admiring a rose blooming in the winter, Queen Eleanor of the kingdom of Tabor pricks her finger on one of its thorns. Three drops of blood fall onto the snow-covered ground, and she wishes for a daughter as white as the snow, with lips as red as the blood, hair as black as a raven's wings and a heart as strong and defiant as the rose. Queen Eleanor gives birth to her daughter, Snow White, but falls ill and dies several years later. After her death, Snow White's father, King Magnus, and his army battle an invading dark army of demonic glass soldiers. Upon rescuing their prisoner Ravenna, the King becomes enchanted with her beauty and marries her. Ravenna is in fact a powerful sorceress and the Dark Army's master. On their wedding night, Ravenna confesses there was a king much like Magnus that hurt her. She declares she cannot be a weak queen and kills Magnus before unleashing her invading army upon the kingdom. Snow White's childhood friend William and his father, Duke Hammond, escape the castle but are unable to rescue her, and she is captured by Ravenna's brother Finn and locked away in the north tower of the castle for many years. Tabor is ruined under Queen Ravenna's rule as she periodically drains the youth from the kingdom's young women in order to maintain a spell, cast over her as a child by her mother, which allows her to keep her youthful beauty. When Snow White comes of age, Ravenna learns from her Magic Mirror that her stepdaughter Snow White is destined to destroy her unless the Queen consumes the young girl's heart, which will make her truly immortal. Queen Ravenna orders Finn to bring her Snow White's heart, but Snow White escapes into the Dark Forest, where Ravenna has no power. Ravenna makes a bargain with Eric the Huntsman, a widower and drunkard, to capture Snow White, promising to bring his wife back to life in exchange. The Huntsman tracks down Snow White, but when Finn reveals that Queen Ravenna does not actually have the power to revive the dead, the Huntsman helps Snow White escape. Meanwhile, Finn gathers another band of men to find her, and the Duke and his son William learn that she is alive. William leaves the castle on his own to find her, joining Finn's band as a bowman. The Huntsman and Snow White leave the Dark Forest, where she saves his life by charming a huge troll that attacks them. They make their way to a fishing village populated by women who have disfigured themselves to make themselves useless to the Queen. While there, the Huntsman learns Snow White's true identity, and initially leaves her in the care of the women. He soon returns when he sees the village being burned down by Finn's men. Snow White and the Huntsman evade them and eventually meet a band of eight dwarves. The blind dwarf Muir perceives that Snow White is the daughter of the former king, and the only person who can defeat Ravenna and end her reign. As they travel through a fairy sanctuary, Snow White encounters a White Hart, but as Snow White approaches the deer, the group is attacked by Finn
59 and his men. A battle ensues during which one of the dwarfs, Gus, and Finn and his men are killed, while William reveals himself. William joins the group which continues the journey to Hammond's castle. Halfway to Duke Hammond's castle, Queen Ravenna disguises herself as William and tempts Snow White into eating a poisoned apple, but is forced to flee when the Huntsman and William discover her. William kisses Snow White, whose body is taken to Hammond's castle. As she lies in repose, the Huntsman professes his regret for not saving Snow White, who reminds him of his late wife, Sara; and he kisses her. The spell broken, Snow White awakens and walks into the courtyard; rallying the Duke's army to mount a siege against Queen Ravenna. The dwarves infiltrate the castle through the sewers and open the gates, allowing the Duke's army inside. Snow White confronts Queen Ravenna, but is overpowered. Queen Ravenna is about to kill Snow White and consume her heart. Eventually, Snow White uses a move the Huntsman taught her and mortally wounds Queen Ravenna, and Duke Hammond's army is victorious. With Queen Ravenna defeated, the kingdom once again enjoys peace and harmony as Snow White is crowned queen.
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APPENDIX III
Character and Characterization
Snow White And Seven Dwarfs Snow White And The Huntsman 1. Kind heart 1. Kind heart
Picture 1 Picture 2 2. Dependent 2. Independent
Picture 3 Picture 4 3. Beautiful and lovely 3. Strong and brave
Picture 5 Picture 6
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Deconstruction of Snow White’s Characterization
Snow White And Seven Dwarfs Snow White And The Huntsman 1. Weak woman 1. Strong woman
Picture 7 Picture 8
2. Dependent 2. Independent
Picture 9 Picture 10
Types of Deconstruction in Snow White And The Huntsman
Picture Dialogue Duration
1. Reciprocal Deconstruction Snow White : I'm afraid of her. 00:25:01,62500:25:35,541 Finn : And not of me? Snow White : No. Finn : Fear not, Princess. You will never again be locked in this cell. Snow White : What does she Picture 11 want from me?
Finn : Your beating heart.
Huntsman: Here, I want to show 00:49:30,00900:50:16,647 you something. Which is your
lead foot? If someone comes at
you, you raise this arm up. And
you block, and use their strength
against them. You're small, so
Picture 12 wait until they're close. And you
62
drive it through their heart to the hilt. You understand? Do not hesitate. You look in their eyes. And do not pull it out until you see their soul. Snow White : I couldn't do that. Huntsman: Well, you might not have a choice.
A Dwarf : We used to have pride. 01:23:34,00901:24:01,041 And now we just pilfer and drink. and dream about when we didn't. Every man here would die for the chance of becoming that man Picture 13 again. So, we follow you, Princess, in life and in death. And we shall have our pride again. On Gus's soul, this I swear.
Snow White: The world seems 01:29:16,47601:30:26,176 beautiful again. William: It will be, when you are queen. The people of this kingdom hate Ravenna with every fiber. Snow White: I used to hate her. Picture 14 But now I feel only sorrow. William: Once people find out you're alive, they will rise up in your name. Snow White:It takes more than a name. William:You are your father's daughter. The rightful heir. If I had a choice, I'd take you far away. Keep you safe by my side. But I have a duty. And so do you. Snow White : How do I inspire? How will I lead men? William : The way you led me when we were children. I followed you everywhere. I ran when you called. I would have done anything for you.
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Duke Hammond : Death has 01:41:38,467 01:41:52,114 favored you. Snow White : Death favors no man. We must ride like thundering waves under the Picture 15 tattered battle flag of my father. Duke Hammond : You must rest. Snow White : We have rested long enough.
Ravenna : Come and avenge your 01:55:27,212 01:58:48,539 father who was too weak to raise his sword. Go on. Watch them die. How does it feel, knowing you were the one who led them to their deaths? You see? We're not Picture 16 that different, are we?
Snow White : I'm everything
you're not.
Ravenna : You cannot defeat
me! I've lived too many lives.
Ravaged entire kingdoms. I have
been given powers that you could
not even fathom! I will never stop.
Never. I will give this wretched
world the queen it deserves. By
fairest blood, it is done!
Snow White : And only by fairest
blood is it undone. You can't have
my heart.
2. Self Deconstruction
Snow White : (Panting) 00:23:52,973 00:23:54,350
Picture 17
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