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Kunnskapsdepartementets Historie
1814–2014 Kunnskapsdepartementets historie KIM GUNNAR HELSVIG 1811 Det Kgl. Frederiks Universitet etableres i Christiania 1814 1. departement opprettes. 1818 1. departement skifter navn til Kirke- og undervisningsdepartementet. 1821 Stortinget etablerer Oplysningsvæsenets Fond. 1826 Første lærerseminar opprettes. 1827 Lov om allmueskolen på landet. 1845 Skoleavdelingen i Kirke- og undervisningsdepartementet får konsulentstilling. 1848 Lov om allmueskolen i byene. 1851 Hartvig Nissen etablerer Selskabet til Folkeoplysningens Fremme. 1860 Lov om allmueskolen på landet. 1865 Hartvig Nissen utnevnes til den første ekspedisjonssjefen i Kirke- og undervisnings- departementets skoleavdeling. 1869 Lov om offentlige skoler for den høyere almenndannelse innfører inndelingen i 6-årig middelskole og 3-årig gymnas. 1882 Kvinner får rett til å ta examen artium. 1884 Kvinner får adgang til universitetet og dermed rett til å ta embetseksamen. 1889 Folkeskolelovene åpnet muligheten for høyere utdannelse for alle, både i byene og på landet. 1890 Kvinner får adgang til offentlige lærerskoler. Den første normalplanen for folkeskolen. 1896 Gymnaslovene etablerte en allmenn høyere skole med to hovedlinjer, real- og engelsklinjen. 1897 Norges landbrukshøgskole opprettes. 1905 Universitetet får sin egen rektor ved Lov om Det Kgl. Frederiks Universitet. 1910 Norges tekniske høgskole opprettes. 1911 Departementet nedsetter den såkalte enhetsskolekomiteen. 1912 Kristine Bonnevie blir Norges første kvinnelige professor. 1814–1914 1922 Norges lærerhøgskole opprettes. Normalplan for landsfolkeskolen. 1925 Normalplan for byfolkeskolen. 1931 Lærerorganisasjonenes skolenemnd nedsettes. 1936 Lov om folkeskolen på landet og Lov om 1940 april Rektor ved Universitetet i Oslo Didrik Arup Seip blir sjef for Kirke- folkeskolen i kjøpstedene. og undervisningsdepartementet under Administrasjonsrådet. 1940 september Professor ved Norges tekniske høgskole Ragnar Skancke blir Kirke- og undervisningsminister i Reichskommisar Terbovens nye regjering. -
Norske Selvbilder Og Norsk Utenrikspolitikk
Norske selvbilder og norsk utenrikspolitikk Halvard Leira [red.] Axel Borchgrevink Nina Græger Arne Melchior Eli Stamnes Indra Øverland Norwegian Institute Norsk of International Utenrikspolitisk Affairs Institutt Norske selvbilder og norsk utenrikspolitikk 1 Norske selvbilder og norsk utenrikspolitikk Halvard Leira [red.] Axel Borchgrevink Nina Græger Arne Melchior Eli Stamnes Indra Øverland Norsk Norwegian Institute Utenrikspolitisk of International Institutt Affairs NUPI | APRIL 07 2 Forord Utgiver: NUPI Copyright: © Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt 2007 ISBN: 978-82-7002-157-4 Redaktør: Halvard Leira Tel.: 22 99 40 00 Fax: 22 36 21 82 E-post: [email protected] Internett: www.nupi.no Adresse: Postboks 8159 Dep. 0033 Oslo Besøksadresse: C.J. Hambros plass 2 Design: Ole Dahl-Gulliksen Omslagsbilde: Scanpix NUPI | APRIL 07 Norske selvbilder og norsk utenrikspolitikk 3 Innhold 5 Forord 7 Innledning 7 Utenrikspolitikk og selvbilder 9 Norske selvbilder 10 God samaritan og hjelp til selvhjelp – dominante selvbilder 11 Norge er en fredsnasjon 16 Norge er en bistandskjempe 20 Norge er FNs beste venn 22 Utenforskap eller multilateralitet? Selvbilder i motsetning 23 Handelspolitikken og WTO: Et tilfelle av tung schizofreni? 28 Norge er en ansvarlig ishavs-forvalter 32 Norge er sine venners venn, men seg selv nok 37 Konklusjon 39 Bibliografi NUPI | APRIL 07 4 Forord NUPI | APRIL 07 Norske selvbilder og norsk utenrikspolitikk 5 Forord Når vi med foreliggende publikasjon kan Denne publikasjonen ble planlagt før presentere et bredt bilde av norsk utenriks- sittende regjering kom til makten, og den politikk, kommer det som resultat både av er derfor ikke et svar på utenriksminister ytre inspirasjon, en lang intern prosess og Jonas Gahr Støres invitasjon til debatt,1 men en aktiv historisk hukommelse. -
Obituaries: Halvdan Koht and Lars Ahnebrink
Obituaries: Halvdan Koht and Lars Ahnebrink Halvdan Koht died in 1965, at the and again as a scholar, and as Nor- age of ninetytwo. In his rich life, wegian Minister of Foreign AfTairs, covering many hields of activity natio- establishing wide contacts with Ame- nal and international, the United rican intellectual life. He spent the States was one of the main formative war years of exile 1941-45 in the powcrs. As a young graduate in thc States, and uscd thcm on writing, 1890s hc went to the University of among others, his book on The Ameri- Leipzig, and studied with two of the can S~iritin Europe, the first attempt pioneers of modern American research to outline the impact of America on in Germany, the historians Erich this side of the Atlantic. hlarcks and Karl Lamprecht. He spent Halvdan Koht did not only know the year 1908-09 in America, - one America: lie loved it. His sober judg- of thc first Scandinavians to go therc mcnt of the less attractive sidcs of for scholarly studies of American civi- American dcvelopmcnt was ncver able lization. Upon his return, as professor to shake his faith in the youthful of History at thc University of Oslo, vigor and powcr of resilience in Ame- he made US ltistory an obligatory rican society. By his death America part of the curriculum, at a time whcn lost one of its staunchest friends in such requirements wcrc far from usual Europe, and (the study of America in in Europe. And in tcaching and the Scandinavian North one of its scholarship lie inaugurated in Norway Founding Fathers. -
Internasjonal Politikk [2·07]
[2·07] politikk Internasjonal Forord: Internasjonal politikk 70 år [2·07] Internasjonal Birgitte Kjos Fonn Internasjonal Politikk i Norge. En disiplins fremvekst politikk i første halvdel av 1900-tallet Halvard Leira & Iver B. Neumann Internasjonal politikk og Forsvaret. Internasjonalisering IP-fagets norske historie og akademisering av den militære utdanningen Nina Græger IP i forsvarsutdanningen Tekst og kontekst. John Sanness om Vietnam og Afghanistan Oddbjørn Melle Tekst og tolkning hos John Sanness Da Diez de Abril kom til verden – og menneske- rettighetene kom til Diez de Abril Nye nettverk, ny internasjonal politikk Roy Krøvel Aktuelt: «Sakkyndig og objektiv oplysning – og skrevet i Internasjonal politikk 70 år en populær form» – Internasjonal politikk 70 år Birgitte Kjos Fonn Debatt: Helhetsperspektiver på norsk utenrikspolitikk Sverre Lodgaard Norske selvbilder – norsk utenrikspolitikk Halvard Leira Selvbilder med begrensninger Morten Aasland Bokspalte Nr. 2 - 2007 65. Årgang Summaries Norwegian Institute Norsk of International Utenrikspolitisk ISSN 0020-577X Affairs Institutt Internasjonal politikk [retningslinjer for manus] Artiklene bør ikke overskride 25 sider A 4, dobbel linjeavstand, eller 45 000 tegn inkludert mellomrom. Internasjonal politikk tar ikke inn bidrag som samtidig publiseres i andre Norden- baserte publikasjoner. Kun manus på norsk, dansk eller svensk mottas. Endelige bidrag leveres formatert for PC. Oppgi system og nødvendige spesifikasjoner. I. Anbefalt format for Til kildehenvisninger brukes forfatternavn -
“Norway Is a Peace Nation”
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives “Norway is a Peace Nation” Discursive Preconditions for the Norwegian Peace Engagement Policy Øystein Haga Skånland M.A.Thesis, Peace and Conflict Studies Faculty of Social Science UNIVERSITY OF OSLO 20th June, 2008 ii Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor Halvard Leira for his insightful feedback, suggestions, and encouraging comments. Without him keeping me on track and gently prodding me in the right direction, carrying out the analysis would undoubtedly have been an overwhelming task. I am also grateful to Iver B. Neumann, who has read through and given valuable comments on a draft in the finishing stages of the process. I would also like to thank Prof. Jeffrey T. Checkel for an excellent introduction to social constructivism in International Relations, Prof. Werner Christie Mathisen for his course on textual analysis, and Sunniva Engh for introducing me to Norwegian development aid history. You have all inspired me in the choice of perspective and object of study. Writing this thesis would not be possible without support and encouragement to overcome the many small and big challenges I have encountered. I am indebted to my fellow students, particularly Jonathan Amario and Ruben Røsler; my friends; and my parents. Last, but not least, Synnøve deserves my most heartfelt thanks for her patience and loving support. All the viewpoints presented, and all errors and inconsistencies, are solely my own responsibility. Øystein Haga Skånland Oslo, June 2008 iii Table of Content Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................. -
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS Skrifter Utgivna Av Statsvetenskapliga Föreningen I Uppsala 199
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS Skrifter utgivna av Statsvetenskapliga föreningen i Uppsala 199 Secession och diplomati Unionsupplösningen 1905 speglad i korrespondens mellan UD, beskickningar och konsulat Redaktörer: Evert Vedung, Gustav Jakob Petersson och Tage Vedung 2017 © Statsvetenskapliga föreningen i Uppsala och redaktörerna 2017 Omslagslayout: Martin Högvall Omslagsbild: Tage Vedung, Evert Vedung ISSN 0346-7538 ISBN 978-91-513-0011-5 urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326821 (http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326821) Tryckt i Sverige av DanagårdLiTHO AB 2017 Till professor Stig Ekman Till minnet av docent Arne Wåhlstrand Inspiratörer och vägröjare Innehåll Förord ........................................................................................................ ix Secession och diplomati – en kronologi maj 1904 till december 1905 ...... 1 Secession och diplomati 1905 – en inledning .......................................... 29 Åtta bilder och åtta processer: digitalisering av diplomatpost från 1905 ... 49 A Utrikesdepartementet Stockholm – korrespondens med beskickningar och konsulat ............................................................. 77 B Beskickningar i Europa och USA ................................................... 163 Beskickningen i Berlin ...................................................................... 163 Beskickningen i Bryssel/Haag ......................................................... 197 Beskickningen i Konstantinopel ....................................................... 202 Beskickningen -
Revival and Society
REVIVAL AND SOCIETY An examination of the Haugian revival and its influence on Norwegian society in the 19th century. Magister Thesis in Sociology at the University of Oslo, 1978. By Alv Johan Magnus Grimerud 2312 Ottestad, Norway. Hans Nielsen Hauge, painted in 1800 Contents page Chapter 1: Introduction 3 Chapter 2: Hauge and his times 14 Chapter 3: Hauge and his message 23 Chapter 4: Hauge's work 36 Chapter 5: Revival in focus 67 Chapter 6: Social consequences of the revival 77 Chapter 7: The economic institution 83 Chapter 8: The political institution 95 Chapter 9: The religious institution 104 Chapter 10: Summing up 117 Literature 121 Foreword As I submit this thesis, it remains for me to give a special thank to my two supervisors, associate professor Sigurd Skirbekk and rector Otto Hauglin, for their personal involvement in my work. Our many talks and discussions have influenced this thesis. I also want to thank my fellow students for their constructive criticism during the writing periode. Rev. Einar Huglen has red the material on church history and given valuable corrections. A special thank goes to him. Elisabeth Engelsviken har accurately typed the whole manuscript, and Gro Bjerke has been of great help in drawing the figures. Thanks to both of you. Oslo, April 1, 1978. Alv J. Magnus PS: The painting above shows the only known original portrait of Hans Nielsen Hauge, probably made in Copenhagen in 1800. The English translation is done by Jenefer E. Hough, and the digital version by Steinar Thorvaldsen at Tromsø University College. A final part (Chapter 11-14) is only available in Norwegian, and is not included in this English version. -
Version 2.8 (Presentert DSS)
Concentration of power in cabinets: Exploring the importance of the political context Kristoffer Kolltveit, PhD Candidate, Department of political science, University of Oslo Abstract. Weakening of the cabinet collective and strengthening of prime ministers in parliamentary democracies have often been explained by the personality of state leaders or long-term changes like increased fragmentation of public sector, internationalisation and mediatisation of politics. This article points to other, more contingent explanations for changes in the executive centre. The argument is that the number of parties in cabinet, the fragility of the coalition, and the cabinet’s parliamentary basis, also affect the need for political coordination and thus the concentration of power in cabinet. The impact of long-term societal changes on the concentration of decision-making power in cabinet thus depends on factors in the domestic political context. The argument is substantiated through a qualitative case study of Norway. Based on semi-structured interviews the study shows that different features of cabinet help explain the concentration of power seen in the last four Norwegian cabinets. ! Note to reader: This is an early draft of the final article in my article-based PhD- thesis. One of the other articles focuses on how presidentialisation tendencies in Norwegian coalitions instead might be described as concentration of power as core ministers, party leaders and parliamentary leaders still are important actors in the decision-making processes in cabinet. In order to avoid overlap, this article has a more explanatory focus. I am therefore particularly interested in and grateful for, feedback on how this present article can be framed to further strengthen the theoretical argument of the importance of short-term explanations and interlinkage with long-term explanations, and perhaps tone down the Norwegian case more. -
NORWAY AND. the WAR · September 1.939 - December 1940
DOCUMENTS ON -INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS . NORWAY AND. THE WAR · September 1.939 - December 1940. The Royal IMtitute of International .Affairs is an unofficial and non-political body, founded in 1920 to encourage and facilitate the seientifie study of international affairs. The Institute, as sueh, is precluded by its Royal Charter from expressing any opinion on any aspect of international affairs. .Any opinioM that may be expressed in this book on sueh subjects are not, therefore, the views of the Institute. DOCUMENTS ON INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS NORWAY AND THE WAR September 1939 December 1940 EDITED BY MONICA CURTIS OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO 188Ved under the av.spicu of the Royal. li!Mil!IU of lntenlldioltal AJ!airB 1941 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS A..ME.N ROUSE, E.C. 4 LONDON l!DilfBUI!.GH GLASGOW OW YORK !I:OBOIITO IIELBOUI!.l!fB CAPETOWN BOIIBAY CALCUTTA IIADBAS HUMPHREY MILFORD PUBLISIIEB TO TBE U!HVEBSITY PBINTKD 11'1 GBE&T DBl'r&Il'l PREFATORY NOTE OWING to war conditions it has not. been possible to publish the complete annual volumes of the Documents on International Affairs as ea:rly as usual. It has therefore been thought desirable to issue a separate advance publication relating to Norway and the War. This publication is to be regarded as forming part of the regular series of Documents on International Affairs and is conceived on the same lines. The fact that it has been compiled during the war nevertheless makes certain differences. Certain texts which it would be desirable to publish, especially those emanating from enemy or enemy-occupied countries, are not available, or can be found only in newspapers instead of in the more official form which would normally be used. -
Download Chapter (PDF)
xxxui CHRONOLOGY í-i: Sudan. Elections to a Constituent Assembly (voting postponed for 37 southern seats). 4 Zambia. Basil Kabwe became Finance Minister and Luke Mwan- anshiku, Foreign Minister. 5-1: Liberia. Robert Tubman became Finance Minister, replacing G. Irving Jones. 7 Lebanon. Israeli planes bombed refugee camps near Sidon, said to contain PLO factions. 13 Israel. Moshe Nissim became Finance Minister, replacing Itzhak Moda'i. 14 European Communities. Limited diplomatic sanctions were imposed on Libya, in retaliation for terrorist attacks. Sanctions were intensified on 22nd. 15 Libya. US aircraft bombed Tripoli from UK and aircraft carrier bases; the raids were said to be directed against terrorist head- quarters in the city. 17 United Kingdom. Explosives were found planted in the luggage of a passenger on an Israeli aircraft; a Jordanian was arrested on 18 th. 23 South Africa. New regulations in force: no further arrests under the pass laws, release for those now in prison for violating the laws, proposed common identity document for all groups of the population. 25 Swaziland. Prince Makhosetive Dlamini was inaugurated as King Mswati III. 26 USSR. No 4 reactor, Chernobyl nuclear power station, exploded and caught fire. Serious levels of radio-activity spread through neighbouring states; the casualty figure was not known. 4 Afghánistán. Mohammad Najibollah, head of security services, replaced Babrak Karmal as General Secretary, People's Demo- cratic Party. 7 Bangladesh. General election; the Jatiya party won 153 out of 300 elected seats. 8 Costa Rica. Oscar Arias Sánchez was sworn in as President. Norway. A minority Labour government took office, under Gro 9 Harlem Brundtland. -
Gustav Smedals Klipparkiv
Gustav Smedals klipparkiv Juristen Gustav Smedal (1888-1951) var en profilert person i det polare miljøet i Norge før krigen, og han involverte seg spesielt i Grønlandssaken på 1920- og 1930-tallet Arkivet består av avisutklipp innsamlet av Smedal selv Norsk Polarinstitutt Biblioteket Innledning Klipparkivet er på omtrent fem hyllemeter, sortert i bokser. Boksene inneholder mapper organisert av Gustav Smedal selv, inndelt i tema og ofte på dato. Klippene kommer i hovedsak norske aviser, men arkivet består også av utklipp fra nordisk og internasjonal presse. Enkelte tema er mye mer omfattende enn andre siden særlig Grønlandsspørsmål opptok Smedal. Likevel er det en stor spennvidde i arkivet fra norsk innenrikspolitikk til dansk kolonipolitikk, fra Arktis og Antarktis til strid om grensen mellom Danmark og Tyskland for å nevne noen. Hver enkel mappe er indeksert i listen under. Biblioteket kan i enkelte tilfeller tilby seg å kopiere innholdet i ønskede mapper. Der det finnes større mengder materiale lar dette seg dessverre ikke gjøre. Alle interesserte er imidlertid velkomne til å besøke biblioteket i Tromsø for nærmere studier. Tilleggsinformasjon utover Smedals egne notater er ført inn i parentes. Dette er i enkelte tilfeller gjort for å beskrive saker og personer. Boks 1 1. Det østgrønlandske suverenitetsspørsmål I Herunder Ishavsrådets offentliggjørelse av en henvendelse til Regjeringen av 5. mai 1931 og okkupasjonen av Eirik Raudes Land 1. januar – 21. mai 1931 2. Det østgrønlandske suverenitetsspørsmål II 30. mai – 29. juni 1931 Boks 2 3. Det østgrønlandske suverenitetsspørsmål III 30. juni – 4. juli 1931 4. Det østgrønlandske suverenitetsspørsmål IV 5. juli – 11. juli 1931 Boks 3 5. -
Speaker's Bios
An Inclusive, Global Strategy to #LeaveNoOneBehind during and after COVID-19 Speaker’s Biographies Speaker Biography Danilo Türk President of Slovenia Danilo Türk (1952) has a BA in Law from the University of (2007-2012) Ljubljana in 1975, an MA from the University of Belgrade Club de Madrid President (1978), and a PhD from the University of Ljubljana. In 1983 he became Director of the Institute on International Law at the University of Ljubljana. He was member of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, a UN body of independent experts. In that capacity he served, in 1986- 1992, as the UN Special Rapporteur on the realisation of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. In 996-1997 he also served as member of the Human Rights Committee. In 1990-1991 he took part in the drafting of the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia by preparing the draft chapter of the Constitution related to human rights and fundamental freedoms. From 1992 to 2000, Mr. Türk was the first Slovene Permanent Representative to the UN in New York and represented Slovenia on the UN Security Council in 1998 - 1999. In 2000 he was invited by Mr. Kofi Annan, the then Secretary –General of the UN, to serve as UN Assistant Secretary-General for Political Affairs (2000 – 20005). In 2005 he returned to Slovenia as Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Law, University of Ljubljana. In 2007 he was elected President of the Republic of Slovenia from 2007 to 2012. He became member of the Club de Madrid in 2013.