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English Grade 12 Government of Nepal Ministry of Education, Science and Technology Curriculum Development Centre Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Publisher: Government of Nepal Ministry of Education, Science and Technology Curriculum Development Centre Sanothimi, Bhaktapur ©Publisher All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any other form or by any means without the written permission of the pubisher. However, this does not prohibit making copies of its pages for teacher training or other not-profit making purposes. First Edition: 2021 AD Price: Printed at: Janak Education Materials Centre Ltd. Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Send your comments and suggestions to: Curriculum Development Centre Phone: 01-6630588 Email: [email protected] Website: moecdc.gov.np Preface The National Curriculum Framework (NCF) advocates the promotion of skill oriented, life skill-based, employment-driven and value-based school education. It envisions developing the human capital dedicated to nation, nationality, national integrity and Nepali specialty. The English textbook for Grade 12 has been prepared following the spirit of NCF 2076 and Secondary Level Curriculum 2076 (Grade 11 and Grade12). An attempt has also been made to incorporate the emerging needs of learners. The book includes the contents to develop all four language skills blended in the tasks and activities with contextual grammar and related vocabulary. The book has two sections: language development and literature. The language development section includes a range of contemporary issue-based local and global thematic texts intended to develop intensive reading skills and foster competence in grammar, vocabulary, speech and writing. The literature section includes genre-based literary texts for both intensive and extensive reading, so as to enable the learners to discern different aspects of the literary texts and practise creative writing. Each text is followed by adequate exercises to foster creativity and critical interpretation in the learners along with interactive skills and sensitivity about the culture and tradition. This textbook is compiled and written by Dr. Bam Dev Adhikari, Mr. Khum Prasad Sharma and Mr. Bal Bahadur Thapa. It has been extensively improved and edited by Prof. Dr. Jib Lal Sapkota, Prof. Dr. Rishi Ram Rijal, Dr. Gopal Prasad Pandey, Mr. Nim Prakash Singh Rathaur, Mr. Shankar Adhikari and Mr. Nabin Kumar Khadka. Several personalities, notably the Director General Mr. Ana Prasad Neupane, the Director Mr. Tuka Raj Adhikari, Mr. Madhav Prasad Ghimire and Ms. Maiya Pokharel, have also contributed in shaping the book in this form. Several experts and practitioners: Mr. Ananda Dhungana, Mr. Lal Mani Joshi, Mr. Matrika Subedi, Mr. Ramesh Dhakal and Mr. Pashupati Pandya contributed to the revision and development of the tasks. The illustration of the book has been done by Shree Hari Shrestha and the layout design by Khados Sunuwar. The Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) extends sincere thanks to all of them. With the view that teaching of English should be based on the authentic materials, the reading texts and the audio texts have been taken from various sources. The Centre would like to extend its acknowledgements to all of those sources. The Centre always welcomes constructive feedback for the betterment of its publications. 2021 Curriculum Development Centre Sanothimi, Bhaktapur Table of Contents Section One: Language Development Unit Title Reading Vocabulary Writing Grammar Listening Speaking Project work Page 1 Critical Know Thyself Defining E-mail Question tag Speech Expressing Interviewing 1 Thinking thinking skills disappointment 2 Family Family Prefixes Essay Modal verbs Documentary Arguing/ Developing 9 defending a point story 3 Sports Euro 2020 Defining News story Determiners Interview Asking for and Interviewing 17 sports words Argumentive and quantifiers giving reasons Words with / essay aɪ/ & /eɪ/ 4 Technology Hyperloop Prefixes Press release Subject verb Piece of news Summarising Report 27 agreement writting 5 Education A Story of My Dictionary Autobiography Connectives Lecture Expressing Oratory 36 Childhood work degrees of contest certainty 6 Money and QR Code Abbreviations News article Questions Documentary Expressing Collecting 44 Economy Words with necessity and /u/ & /u:/ presenting information 7 Humour Why do Syllable Description of Adverbs Lecture Expressing Mimicry 53 We Laugh an event and a feelings, Inappropriately? person emotions and attitudes 8 Human Land of Plenty Suffixes Paragraph Adjectives Radio report Making Interviewing 61 Culture Letter to the and adverbs comparison and editor contrast 9 Ecology and Living in a Compound Book/film Reported Radio Reporting Report 69 Environment Redwood Tree words review speech interview writing Drafting a speech Unit Title Reading Vocabulary Writing Grammar Listening Speaking Project work Page 10 Career Presenting Defining Application Conditional Job interview Clarifying Making notes 79 Opportunities Yourself employment letter sentences related terms CV Words with / ɪə/ and / eə/ 11 Hobbies On Walking Dictionary Essay Passive voice Speech Reminding Interviewing 88 work 12 Animal World The Medusa and Dictionary Essay Passive voice Conversation Expressing Field visit 97 the Snail work Newspaper counter article arguments 13 History After the World Defining Description of Prepositions Speech Speculation Library visit 104 Trade Centre professional event Future tenses terms Essay Words with vowel sounds 14 Human Rights “I am Sorry”- Word class Essay Connectives Radio Criticising Sharing 114 The Hardest Dictionary interview experiences Three Words to work Say 15 Leisure and A Journey Back Dictionary Business letter Miscellaneous Conversation Expressing Informative 122 Entertainment in Time work agreements indifference report Content words 16 Fantasy The Romance of Dictionary Summary Relative Documentary Describing Internet 130 a Busy Broker work clause process surfing 17 War and Train to Pakistan Dictionary Paragraph Past tenses Interview Making Report 140 Peace work Personal letter announcements writting Suffixes Vowel sounds Unit Title Reading Vocabulary Writing Grammar Listening Speaking Project work Page 18 Music and A Life of Sound Musical Biography Prepositions Radio report Predicting Oral 150 Creation and Silence instruments presentation Dictionary work Stress 19 Migration and Dediasporization: Consonant Interpretation of Would/used to News report Narrating past Interviewing 160 Diaspora Homeland and sounds chart events Hostland Syllable 20 Power and An Open Letter Word class Short account Adjective Speech Denying Debate 170 Politics to Mary Daly Dictionary Article order competition work Consonant cluster Section Two: Literature Unit One: Short Stories 1. Neighbours - Tim Winton 180 2. A Respectable Woman - Kate Chopin 184 3. A Devoted Son - Anita Desai 189 4. The Treasure in the Forest - H. G. Wells 199 5. My Old Home - Lu Xun 208 6. The Half-closed Eyes of the Buddha and the Slowly Sinking Sun -Shankar Lamichhane 218 7. A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings - Gabriel Garcia Marquez 224 Unit Two: Poems 1. A Day - Emily Dickinson 232 2. Every Morning I Wake - Dylan Thomas 234 3. I Was My Own Route - Julia de Burgos 236 4. The Awakening Age - Ben Okri 239 5. Soft Storm - Abhi Subedi 241 Unit Three: Essays 1. On Libraries - Oliver Sacks 247 2. Marriage as a Social Institution - Stephen L. Nock 252 3. Knowledge and Wisdom - Bertrand Russell 257 4. Humility - Yuval Noah Harari 261 5. Human Rights and the Age of Inequality - Samuel Moyn 265 Unit Four: One-act Plays 1. A Matter for Husband - Ferenc Molnar 272 2. Facing Death - August Strindberg 279 3. The Bull - Bhimnidhi Tiwari 293 Section One Language Development English: Grade 12 1 Unit 1 Critical Thinking Reading Know Thyself Before you read a. What are critical thinking skills? b. How do critical thinkers solves the problems? Guess the steps they follow while tackling a problem. Read the following text and do the given tasks. There was a lot of shuffling around when the bell rang and everybody got up to leave. I checked my schedule and it said my next class was English, room 321. I didn’t stop to see if anyone else from my homeroom was going my way: I just zoomed out of the class and down the hall and sat down as far from the front as possible. The teacher, a really tall man with a yellow beard, was writing on the chalkboard. Kids came in laughing and talking in little groups but I didn’t look up. Basically, the same thing that happened in homeroom happened again: no one sat next to me except for Jack, who was joking around with some kids who weren’t in our homeroom. I could tell Jack was the kind of kid other kids like. He had a lot of friends. He made people laugh. When the second bell rang, everyone got quiet and the teacher turned around and faced us. He said his name was Mr. Browne, and then he started talking about what we would be doing this semester. At a certain point, somewhere between A Wrinkle in Time and Shen of the Sea, he noticed me but kept right on talking. I was mostly doodling in my notebook while he talked, but every once in a while I would sneak a look at the other students. Charlotte was in this class. So were Julian and Henry. Miles wasn’t. Mr. Browne had written on the chalkboard in big block letters: 2 English: Grade 12 P-R-E-C-E-P-T! “Okay, everybody write this down at the very top of the very first page in your English notebook.” As we did what he told us to do, he said: “Okay, so who can tell me what a precept is? Does anyone know?” No one raised their hands. Mr. Browne smiled, nodded, and turned around to write on the chalkboard again: PRECEPTS = RULES ABOUT REALLY IMPORTANT THINGS! “Like a motto?” someone called out. “Like a motto!” said Mr. Browne, nodding as he continued writing on the board. “Like a famous quote. Like a line from a fortune cookie. Any saying or ground rule that can motivate you.
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