Federal, Alta.
OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE UNITED FARMERS OF ALBERTA The ALBERTA WHEAT POOL AND OTHER PROVINCIAL MARKETING POOLS
Vol. VII. CALGARY, ALBERTA, NOVEMBER 1st,, 1928 No. 25
News from the Wheat Pool Head Office
Grain Trade's Fictitious ''Average' Prices
The Rural Elementary School By Mrs. LEONA R. BARRITT
The Power Trust Debauches the Press
Further Revelations in U.S. Probe
Cream Prices- --the Facts
Dairy Pool Section
The Contribution of the U.F.A. to Social Progress THE U. F. A. November 1st, 1036
$7,600.00CashPrizes/ WILL BE GIVEN AWAY BY The Nor*- West Farmer In Simple Fascinating Compttition
FOR YOU! m-Can You Find The" Twins''?^ FIndrhvmt Survyvucaa* They •tM*ok attkc. y«u M^f WImm* NoiBoftitil They arc not sU dttfliftJ the turn* Many young ladU* look alik* and (hv rlghirvn on ihta p*f l*ok like evcli other, but the "TWINS" are dretaed eiarily the aame. like all real rwina Now look •O'n sbowc the hart? TriaunM^ U difTereni. Un't tt> Thaf'a Hh«rc the fun mme« In. ftndlng the Twlna It take* real care and cleverncaa to point out Che diflercnce ai»d ftii4 cIm twm f««l ''t'TNS,*' baOMM tw« and oal|' iwo ar« ManticaUy Uio aame. ' ' CLUES ' ' Ar flfsc ftlanca, all tba yomm* ladle* look alike •ut YOU ARE ASK.eD TO ftSB THE "TWINS" THAT ARE (XOTHtl) F.XACTl Y ALIKE. Now then, upon clo**r e&annlnatioH, you wlU Umd a 4iffcraace In their wearing apparel. Have ihey all earring* or necklace* t How about their Kata f Arc lhay trkcuned the aame ? Some ha«e band* on the brim aad crowaa; ethara kava Mt. MafW tiM tflffarenca la juat l4ia button-halea on the lapel af the coat. First Prize $3,000.00 MAXIMUM AWARD Thl> U en* »1 th« fniMt arrayt ol Caah Prize* that have tirt been offered la N»r'-Weal F*i Putxl* Canted. Thel • whai U li folkri- and >ou raa win a bit Caeh Prize. The prlxe* range lw»m CO (i.OM oa Think efitt > •« can win a* murh an Si.OOO. Yee. tir, t7.6M la Caah Prizee may IM «oa ta thla Inlemtinit puiile ronleiit. anJ will be awa.-drd promptly after January ilst, lt2V. There wBt ba tH yrlte winners, end the FIrif Priie, the golden epporluaily, ti,*M IN CASH. I.*0t polnii wine Firet Prize. We wlH )>lve you tlOt poiate for flndlnt the "Twtaa." Inamediaiel/ uyaa receipt of your answer ro the Twine, we will tell yeu hew you can ^Ala Lbe ceaaalning 200 po4au rcqutred la win a {3.000 First Prize or one of the ether priree. Now find the twins. kTwin puzzle coupon. Listed bel«w are 200 Puzaie Manager. The Nw'-Weat F( the maximum Hlnalp^ Canada. Prwesyoucanwin. " " Grand Prizes Number* . . . and are th* Tarta* that I ba>e faisad. If Che** are correct, plea** credit me with ike MO pa4nM and 1*11 toe how to gain the final 200 potaaa Co win ttwM Peti* 1st Prize 000.00 Priae. . . 175.00 ^ tJ. «lb and W.OOO.Ot IN CAM. )nd Prize ^ 1.000.00 7th Prize.. . . . 50.00 ">•- Jrd 500.00 t(h Prize . . .. MOO
4th 3*0.00 th PrUe . ... MOO
»th Prize . . ..^ 150.00 lOth Prize 50.00 P^OiBw. lllh lo iOih Prize*, each . .... »00 5isi le lOOth Prize*, each .... 15.00 lOlst to 125th Prizee. each. 10.00 Previa** - . Ukch to 200th Prtiee, each t.oo MAIL YOUR ANSWER PROMPTLY . Write the number* in the roupon above, fill in your aame aad coaaplet* addreee aad maH k (• th* Puzzle Manager. IT COSTS YOU NOTHING TO ENTER. Get started promptly Im the Big Flrat Prte*. The Nor'.West Farmer JTSTJ! Nov«mbw i8t, 19^& (795) 3
DBBCRIPTIOIIft ADVEBTISraO On» Y»»r $2.00 Oommeioial Display 39o per agate line Siugla Copiea 10 oenta (S4.90 per inch) livestook Display (ratee on application) Make remittanoet by money ord*r or postal 6c per word prepaid note. W« cannot aecept retponsibility for our- Pablished on the lat and 15th of each month bf Classified renoy forwarded through the mai]. THE UNITED FARMERS OF AI^EBTA No discount for time or siiaoe Bailding Chance of Address—When ordering a change Loagbeed New copy must reach us 8 days in advance - ALBERTA of address, the former as well as the present CALGART of publication to insure insertion. addrssa should be given; otherwise the altenf Official Organ of No advertisements taken for liquor, or specu- tion cannot be made. THE ALBERTA WHEAT POOL lative investment schemes. None other than CIBClTLATIOir THE ALBERTA UVESTOCK POOL reliable advertisements will be knowingly accepted THE ALBERTA DAIRY POOL Readers will confer a favor by advising us promptly Average net paid circulation, siz months ALBERTA EGG AND POULTRY POOL of unsatisfactory dealings with advertisers. tmiing October 16th, 1928 488,17 THE THE ALBERTA CO-OPERATIVE WHOLESALE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE Editor ADVERTISING DEPARTMENT A. M. H. B. O. H. SCHOLEFIELD, J. JESSE STSANO W. NORMAN SMITH W. 0. KERR. TURNER
Vol. VII. CALGARY, ALBERTA, NOVEMBER let, 1928 No. 25
Principal Contenta Pagb MENACE OF UTILITIES RING
Editorial 3 "The menace of the utilities ring is no idle menace. It News of the Oroaniiation 4 represents financial Fascism carried to the highest pitch. conbtitcenct f0rm8 debating league 4 It is the most expert plan yet devised to enable those who Reduced Rates on Seed Grain 4 live by owning to exact an ever-increasing toll from all Locals Urged to Collect and Send In Dues 5 other classes of society. In the United Slates, according
British Labor's Banking Policv Means Nationalization . . 6 to Senator Norris, 41 companies control .four-fifths of all Service at Cotrr in State Life Insurance Plan 6 the electrical energy developed. Thev have a total The Politics or Oil 7 capitalization of $10,200,000,000. Fighty-six million Do Albertans Want These Power Trust Methods? 8 Americans must get their electricity from these 41 cor- The Rural Elementary School 9 orations, or go without. For the past six years it has The Contribution of the U.F.A. to Social Progress 11 ominated the political life of the United States." —Aid. Failure or Kellogg Pact— And Task BtroRE Us.... 13 C. L. Gibbs, of^ Edmonton.
Co-operatives . . 13 Plan Grand Council of Labor and The warning of the Edmonton alderman is timely. If the 14 News from Alberta Wheat Pool Head Office people of Alberta wish to preserve their Province from the 15 Grain Trade's Fictitious "Average Prices" worst forms of "financial Fascism," they will undertake the 15 Why Don't Men Learn to Meet MenI development of electrical power as a public enterprise. Wheat Pool Field Service 17 Keep the Trust! 18 « * * Inierests of the United Farm Women 20 PEANUT STANDS AND JEWELLERY SHOPS Bernard Shaw's Views on Education 20 Before the enterprise was brought Members Urged to Place Orders Early for Cook Book 22 Ontario Hydro-electric into being, power distribution in the hands of a "The U.F.A." Pattern Departm*nt 22 was mainly few frant^hises Seasonable Recipes 23 large companies which had obtained from the public authorities. of had to be pur- U.F.A. Junior Activities 24 Some these enterprises Plan for the Winter Season 24 chased by the Hydro-electric commission, at greatly enhanced Suggestive Program 24 prices. Describing the purchases. Sir Adam Back, father of A Winter's Reading 24 the Provincial scheme, declared: "We gave away peanut stands, and bought back jewellery Alberta can profit Prop. Fay Writes of Wheat Pool Impkessions 2% shops." Misunderstanding Cleared Up 28 by the experience of Ontario. News from Alberta Dairy Pool Head Ophcb 30 • • * Cream Prices — Here Are the Facts SO DEBAUCHING THE PRESS Types of Co-operaiive Creameries 80 Debauchery of the press through advertising contracts was Correspondence 1 34 of the effective the power trust News from Head Office of Alberta Livestock Pool. . 36 one most means employed by Governing Livestock Prices on Fou^ Leading Markets 36 in the United States in its attacks on public ownership of Board of Central Livestock Co-operative 36 electrical power resources. Eleventh Fortnightly Crop Report 37 This is what ex-Governor Pinchot, of Pennsylvania, has to To British Harvesters 38 say upon the subject, \n a survey of a portion of the evidence brought to light in the investigations into the operations of
the trust: 1 "Naturally, newspapers were not overlooked by the skilled press agents employed by the electric monopoly. EDITORIAL In practically every state the electric utilities maintain a separate press bureau which sends out news releases, ORGANIZATION ACTIVITIES clipping services and free 'boiler plate' to every daily and weekly paper in its territory." The free "news" appears the A letter from the Central Secretary which in service was supplemented by advertising contracts, and the importance of bringing Organization page calls attention to one of the trust's "contact" men testified that as the far possible before the close of the Locals up to strength as as result of the expenditure of $30,000,000 a year in this financial year on November 30th. We would urge all Locals manner, "newspapers that were unfriendly have become this send in all dues to take matter in hand at once and to friendly; helpful editorials have appeared in the state collected without delay. • • « press." • • • Resolutions received to date indicate that the Annual Convention will be called upon to reach decisions upon a Local secretaries and secretaries of District Associations are number of urgent questions of public policy. It is important, asked to send in reports of their meetings as promptly as pos- therefore, that there should be very thorough discussion of sible for publication in the organization section. By this these questions in the Locals. means the life of the Association in all its phases can be re- The resolutions have been printed in full or in summary flected in the columns of the paper, and the usefulness of the in The U.F.A., as they have been received from the various official organ materially increased. Conventions. For the benefit of the membership, however, • • • a iurvey of these resolutions will be given in The U.F.A. during the weeks intervening before the Convention, as well Locals in the Vegreville constituency have formed a debating as of others which may be received from time to time. Com- society. The plan which they have adopted is described else- msncing with our next iisue a motion of th« paper will be where in this issue. This League will make for increased lined for this purpose. interest in U.F.A. aetivitien throughout the constituencv — —
4 (796) THE U. F. A. November let, 1928 NEWS OF THE ORGANIZATION Activities of IT.F.A. Locals and District Associations and Information from Central Office — Notes on Co-operation
day, November 22nd, W. McLeod, of Constituency Forms the Alberta Wheat will Notice to Members Pool, speak on "The Car Order Book." Debating League November 30th will bring to a The Local has decided that as far as close our financial year. We would may be found possible, visits will be paid Vegreville Constituency Gives Valuable therefore urge every member who to Locals within reasonable distance of Lead, Which Is Sure to Arouse has not j'et paid his or her dues to Calgary, which may desire the Calgary Interest of Members do their utmost to have them placed members to do so. A committee, con- in the hands of the Local Secretary sisting of the President, E. R. Briggs; The meeting held at Miuidare on Sat- al once. Don't wait to be asked Secretary, N. P. Davisson; and the Direc- urday, October 20th, for the purpose of for your dues. The U.F.A. de- tor for East and West Calgary, S. J. organizing a constitueney debating so- pends upon you for the continuance E«-ing, was appointed to deal with this ciety, was a success. Seven Locals were of its aftivitios, and you, together matter. represented— five U.F.A., one U.F.W.A. with j'our fellow^ members, control and one Junior. The society was duly it. You cannot' invest $3 more "The organized under the name of wisely than in your own organiza- Reduced Rates on Vegreville Constituency Debating tion, which exists to fight for your League." interests. Seed Grain in Effect A set of rules and regulations were Help your Local and your Pro- the following four Locals formulated and vincial organization by prompt pay- Certificates Can Be Obtained From U.F.A. series of debates: will conduct the first ment of your dues. Central Office Mundare vs. Birch Lake, subject: F. BATE MAN, Alberta system of "Resolved, that the Secretary. The railway companies have again Control of Liquor is prefer- Government Central Office, Calgary. renewed their tariffs for the movement of Prohibition." able to seed grain between points in the Western Tofield vs. Boroschow, subject: "Re- Provinces. This means that seed will be that the tractor is preferable to solved transported for one-half of the regular horse for farm work." FENN LOCAL'S NEXT MEETING the tariff rates, provided that shippers and The winners of these two debates will "The next meeting of Fenn U.F.A. and consignees will comply with all the regu- the final subject: "Resolved that will be held the second debate U.F.W.A. on lations. System of Co-operative Gov- in at the home of the Group Wednesday November Registered seed will be eligible for as enunciated by the U.F.A. is Mrs. Collins." Stettler Independent. ernment Rus rating under the tariff when the sacks efficient the Party System." more than are tagged and sealed by an inspector A public spirited friend of progress has SUPPER AND CONCERT of the Dominion Seed Branch. As a kindly offered to donate a suitable matter of information to farmers, it may winning team "Fowl supper and concert at Berry- shield to be awarded to the be stated that no seed should be termed water, on Friday, November 2, under the in the finals. "registered" until tagged and sealed auspices of the U.F.A. and U.F.W.A. by Object of League Dance following the concert." High the Seed Branch. seed will secure the benefits of The object of the "League" is edu- River Times. Other cational, and it was the unanimous this tariff only when a seed grade certi- expression- of those present that although ficate issued by the Dominion Seed Branch it would be pleasant to be the winner, the REALIZE $20.75 FROM SUPPER is presented to the railway agent at the the chief aim will be to bring out facts A "Hot Dog Supper" put on at the shipping point, together with a farmer's and present them in an intelligent manner. last meeting of Bulmer U.F.A. Local certificate signed by the U.F.A. Provincial The U.F.W.A. representatives stated realized the sum of $20.75, states F. F. Secretary and Secretary of the Local, assuring the raihvay that the that the U.F.W.A. Locals hoped to form Dalton, secretary. A Hallowe'en dance company purchaser is a bona fide farmer. a League of their own in the near future. is being held on November 2nd, to pro- vide funds for the children's Christmas The tariff further provides that seed A debate was also arranged between party. other than registered will secure the seed the Park Grove Junior Local and a newly rate when the sacks are sealed by the organized Junior Local at Mundare. Seed Branch and a seed certificate is The "League" has made a fair beginning CALGARY LOCAL'S PLANS issued. and will no doubt grow, as other Locals Members of the Association from Locals When a control sample certificate get the inspiration to seek after knowledge in the Calgary district, and all other designates a sample "Rejected" it will be and join. members who may be visiting Calgary necessary to reclean the seed and for- Those responsible for getting the on Thursday, November 8th, are in- ward another sample. At least two League under way feel that they have vited to attend the entertainment and weeks' time should be allowed for the started something with far-reaching possi- dance which has been arranged by the germination of a sample. Control Sample bilities, which may extend to other Calgary U.F.A. Local for that date. Certificates showing only the germination Constituencies and finally result in inter- Efforts are being made to provide an are not suflScient as a complete seed constituency debates. Who knows? attractive program, and there will be grade is required. A. LUNAN, cards for those who prefer this form of The rates will only be applied when the U.F.A. Director, diversion. The social evening will be certificates required under the tariff are Vegreville Constituency. held at the King George Lodge Rooms, furnished BEFORE the delivery of the Fort Saskatchewan, Alta. Kensington Avenue, Hillhurst, w^hich shipment al its desUnation. It is im- may be reached from the centre of the portant to remember this, as there has city by red line street fcar. The program been an impression in some instances that will commence at 8 o'clock. Tickets wUl it would be all right to obtain the certi- FACTS ABOUT DAIRYING be obtainable at the door. ficate after dehvery. This is not the Canada produces approximately 14,- The Calgary U.F.A. Local's first meet- case. Claims for reduction charges and 000,000,000 pounds of milk annually, of ing of the fall and winter season was held refund on presentation of certificates at which nearly 4,500,000,000 pounds is in the Lougheed Building on October 23rd. a later date will not be entertained. consumed as milk, about the same quan- There was an encouraging attendance, Hence it is advisable that, in order to tity is used in the manufacture of cream- and plans for the season were discussed at profit by the lower rates on seed grain, ery butter, 2,000,000,000 pounds in the length. It was decided to meet twice farmers arrange for the necessarj' certi- manufacture of cheese, and 2,250,000,000 a month during November, December and ficates well in advance of the time they pounds in dairy butter. January, on the second and fourth Thurs- propose to ship seed. In 1927 Canada's dairy herd consisted days of each month. The success of the Seed Bram h Certificates are secured on of 3,894,311 milking cows, and the gross Local meetings in the past was contributed representative one pound samples sub- agricultural revenue from dairy products to in large measure by visiting mem- mitted to the Dominion Seeds Branch, amounted to $245,494,000. Dairy pro- bers from country points. All such Immigration Building, Calgary. Any ducts take second place in the list of members are cordially invited to attend person can have three samples tested free. Canada's agricultural revenue producers. the Calgarj' Local meetings. On Thurs- For each succeeding sample a charge of — —
November 1st, 1928 THE U. F. A. (797) r>
50 cents is made for germination test, and 50 cents for purity analysis on cereal Locals Urged to Collect and Send in Dues grain. Farmers' Seed Grain Freight Certifi- Without Delay—Financial Year Nears Close cates can be obtained from Central Office. A Letter From the Central Secretary on Matters of Importance to All Members of the Association HILLSIDE JUNIORS To All U.F.A. Members: interest is being taken in this membership Hill- "The regular monthly meeting of The close of our financial year is now drive, and it is very important that we side Junior U.F.A. was held in the school approaching, and as we are anxious to have the correct number of women in house on Saturday evening, with the have as good a showing as possible in each U.F.A. Local for 1927 and 1928. president, Wallace Marr, in the chair. membership at that time, we are writing Will you please let us have your co- Owing to the busy time there was a to each Local asking that all dues on hand operation in this matter, and advise small attendance. During the social hour, be sent to Central without delay, and also Central without delay? Mr. Fred Williams entertained the mem- that a determined effort be made to col- bers with a number of piano selections, lect all outstanding dues. U.F.W.A. Cook Book which were greatly enjoyed." Wetaski- Why not put on a membership drive The U.F.W.A. Cook Book will be ivin Times. at this time and appoint a committee to ready for mailing the second week in o make a personal canvass of every man November. The Book consists princi- and woman in the district? It is very pally of recipes from members of the Forthcoming Conventions important that each Local should discuss U.F.W.A. Past and present Officers of the question of increased membership and the Association have contributed, also a LAC STE. ANNE, NOVEMBER 22nd give it very serious consideration. The few U.F.A. bachelors and some other larger the membership the better, more Alberta To all members of the U.F.A. and prominent people. The book efficient, and more aggressive can be the U.F.W.A., in the Lac Ste. Anne Provin- will be well bound, about 220 pages, stiff work carried on by your Organization. cial Constituency: cover with white oilcloth ond blue letter- ing. The price, including postage, will The Annual Convention of Lac Ste. Women in U.F.A. Locals Anne U.F.A. and U.F.W.A. Provincial be 65c. The revenue from advertising As you probably have seen by our Constituency Association will be held in enables us to sell at this low price. The paper. The U.F.A., a prize is being the Labor Hall, 100th Street, Edmonton, proceeds from the sale of the book will be offered to the U.F.W.A. Director whose on Thursday, November 22nd, at 9 a.m. devoted to the work of the U.F.W.A. Constituency shows the greatest increase All Locals are requested to have their Locals will be allowed a commission of in U.F.W.A. membership. The basis full quota of Delegates present. 5c per copy on each book sold. We hope upon which the results will be decided will J. H. JACKSON, all U.F.A. members will see that a copy be the number of U.F.W.A. members and Balm P.O. Secretary. of the Cook Book is in their homes. If women members of the U.F.A. recorded at orders are received through the Local, Central Office on December 1st, 1928, this will enable your Central Office to BOW VALLEY, NOVEMBER 16th as compared with the number recorded expedite orders, save time and expendi- as at December 1st, 1927. Bow Valley U.F.A. Provincial Constitu- ture in postage. If not convenient to In order that we ma}' get the correct ency Convention will be held on Friday, order thro.ugh the Local, Central will be number of women in U.F.A. Locals, will Nov. 16th, in the Masonic Hall, Bassano, glad to fill orders direct. As consider- you please advise by the 15th of Novem- commencing in the afternoon at 1:30 able expenditure is involved in publishing ber, or at latest by November 30th, how p.m. E. J. Garland, M.P., will be the the book, remittance with orders will be many women are paid up in your Local speaker. appreciated. for this year, and also how many paid in Evening meeting starts at 8:15 and As early in December as possible the 1927? On account of the fact that a Call to the will be addressed bj'^ Premier Brownlee. Convention, Convention Reso- number of women in U.F.A. Locals do There will be a short program before lutions and Financial Statement will be not require the paper, as a copy is already address. sent each Local. The Convention will received in their homes, we feel there are Following the address there will be a probably be held in Edmonton, and we more women in the Locals than are re- dance and dance supper. trust each Local will now begin to make corded at Central. All farmers in the Bow Valley Constit- plans to send a full delegation. It will Qot be necessary to send the uencj' are urged to attend and bring names of the women members at this Yours fraternally, wives and friends. time, unless they require the paper. Just F. BATEMAN, Visitors welcome. the number will be sufficient. Keen Central Office. Secretary. Mrs. B. M. HALL, Secretary. Bow Valley Provincial Assn.
RIDGEWOOD BANQUET most impressive address, stressing the need PEMBINA, NOVEMBER 21st for greater organization and co-operation "Ridgewood Community Hall was the among the rural classes of the country. The Secretaries of all U.F.A., U.F.W.A. scene of much gaiety on Saturday evening The singing of the National Anthem and Junior Locals. when the members of the Local U.F.A. brought a successful evening to a close." Dear Sir or Madam: and U.F.W.A. put on a supper in banquet — Red Deer Advocate. The regular annual convention of the style. The well-laden tables were gor- above Association will be held in the geously and artistically decorated with WARDEN MONTHLY MEETING U.F.A. hall at Westlock on Wednesday, silverware, lighted candies, etc., which "A pleasant afternoon was spent at the November 21st, starting at 10:30 o'clock. added much color to the occasion. Tom home of Mrs. O. A. Strandquist The Board are expecting that Mr. D. Sigurdson, president of the U,F.A. Local, on October ISth, when Warden U.F.W.A. M. Kennedy will be present and address acted as chairman and toastmaster, and Local met for the monthly meeting. Roll the convention. Visitors will be heartily discharged his duties with credit. A welcomed. number of community songs were sung, was answered with the best method of putting away vegetables for the winter. Please see that delegates are furnished together with speech-making. T. Sigurd- report on Education was given, fol- with credentials and that dues to the son spoke in happy terms, paying tribute A lowed by a discussion. During business, Association are paid for the current year. to the worth of the U.F.W.A. and the the local decided to renew their in an effort to get the convention under impressions of such a fine community member- ship to the International League for way more promptly delegates are re- gathering, and what is meant to the dis- Peace and Freedom. The social hour quested to register immediately on enter- trict to have such gatherings. Mrs. was given over to Mrs. Beattie and Mrs. H. ing the hall and to be on time, as far as Creelman, the president of the U.F.W.A., Carder, had • arranged possible. spoke at some length outlining what the who a splendid program of music. Several of the Yours very truly, Local had been accomplishing, and its mem- bers contributed selections, A. R. BROWN, aims and objects for the future. D. including songs and pianoforte duets. special Westlock, Alta. Secretary. Martin also spoke briefly, complimenting A attraction of the afternoon was the lovely October 23, 1928. the ladies on the splendid dinner provided, and the valuable community service that music given by Mrs. Silverthorne, who o was being carried on by them. C. W. sang and played several selections. A delicious tea Long entertained with hi.s sleidht of hand was served by the hostess, AGAINST CAPITAL PUNISHMENT tricks and kept the safhering on edge for assisted by Mrs. O. A. Strandquist, and "To say that society may kill while some time. A. Speakman, M.P., who was Mrs. Ruth Lambert." Slcttler Inde- the individual may not is to confound present with Mrs. Speakman, was the pendenl. morality." —Canon of Westminster. main speaker of the evening, and gave a (Other Organization News on Page 33) fi (798) MuvMinbwr let, 1V^^
TMponsibility of the State to the old Service at Cost Would Be Objective people of limited means and ap are pasains legislation for Old Age Pensions. Had in State Life Insurance Plan we life insurance nationalized this social reform would not have been needed as it would have been cared for by the larger Committee of House of Commons Obtains Striking Evidence in Support of measure. Nationalization No doubt we shall meet with strong opposition led by the old private insur- By H. E. SPENCER, M.P, ance companies, out when we awaken the public to the fact tiiat the f" The idea of Stave Life Insurance will be last year ofoj some thirty million dollars Government received with surprise and uncertainty and that the shareholders were then gelling will be able to give cheaper insurance to everyone than we by those who have not given much eighty-five per cent on their original capital. now have, then the public thought to the subject. Those in that Under the circumstances there was no will demand and the Government will have to undertake State Insurance. category will obtain much enlightenment need of the extra capital and if it had if they read Mr. Irvine's article in The been issued it would have been a hardship 15th entitled, "Why the policy holders. U.F.A. of October on OLD AGE PENSIONS FOR the Insurance Business snould be Nation- Embarrassed by Riches ONTARIO alized." To make matters worse these new Old Age Pensions will be provided for is not with a wish to repeat his It shares were to be offered to the present at the next session of the Ontario Legis- arguments that this is being written, but share-holders at par (or $100 each) on lature, according to an announcement rather to endorse what he has said, and a pro rata basis when the shares of the made by Premier Howard Ferguson. to put forth further reasons why possibly company had been priced on the New Provinces in which the Old Age Pensions should seriously consider State Life we York market at $2,000 each. To use legislation pas.ied by the Dominion Par- Insurance which would be run at cost the words of the Superintendent of In- liament has already been brought into operated for service, rather than and surance: "The company was embar- effect are British Columbia, Saskatche- continue with private insurance com- rassed with its own riches," and was wan and Manitoba. Half of the cost is panies where the incentive is profit for attempting to get rid of some of the borne from the Provincial Treasury and the shareholders. surphis earnings by the channel of share- half is provided by the Dominion. It must be evident to all who give it a holders' profits. moment's thought that there must be a If these profits had been made under money to be made in the Insur- mint of State Insurance the money would have WARS DUE TO THE FEW Company business when we know ance been used to cut premiums and give better "The wars of our time had their genesis the army of men emnloyed who make of service to the public. In the above case, in the minds of a few; they could be a comfortable living, and hear of the divi- it was a matter of a comparatively few brought into being, however, only through paid to the shareholders of old dends shareholders enriching themselves at the the aid of propaganda, whicn averred that established companies. expense of the insured, as fifty sharehold- those who live 'over there' are different Insight Gained in Committee ers owned some 14,900 of the 20,000 shares from ourselves and are, therefore, evil, The man in the street has little oppor- of the company. having what we do not possess and longing tunity of seeing the workings of insurance There is no doubt that mutualization of to possess what we have."—Emil Ludwig, companies and usually has given the life insurance is growing and from that in Plain Talk. matter little thought. Those who are it will be a small step to State Insurance. fortunate enough to be on the Banking It was put on record during this last and Commerce Committee at the House session that of the ten largest insurance "No, Richard," said she, "I cannot of Commons, before which committee all companies in the United States, eight marry you, but I'll be a sister to you." insurance bills are discussed, have an were mutualized. "Good. How much did we inherit insight given them which is, to say the We are at last realizing in Canada the from our father?" least, extremely interesting. The Government, though not in the life insurance business, has a Department which inspects insurance and loan com- panies and has at its head at the present British Labor's Banking Policy time a most able superintendent. It is from his critical examination of some of the bills presented that much valuable Means Nationalization, Is Stated information has been given to the com- mittee. Party Which May Form Next Government of Britain Committed to Placing Banking Two years ago a resolution was placed Under Effective National Control —A Summary of the Main Points on the order paper of the House of Com- of Report Adopted in October mons advocating Government Life In- since the River surance. This year Bow Since the note on the banking policj' banking policy than the conference pro- passed resolu- U.F.A. Convention has a adopted by the British Labor Party was gram expresses. While the program does this reform, a full dis- tion advocating printed on page 10 of this issue, we have not in fact involve the acceptance in its will take place at cussion of the subject received British papers which state that entirety of the conception of social credit Convention. the U.F.A. Annual this policy is definitely accepted by the with W'hich the name of Professor Soddy, increasing mj' Some years ago when leaders of the Party as meaning Nation- of Oxford University, and other promi- said to the general manager life insurance I alization of the banking system. nent Englishmen are associated, it will I was doing of the company with which Speaking in behalf of Rt. Hon. Philip undoubtedly facilitate wider changes, and that in opinion life insurance business, my Snow-den, former Chancellor of the Ex- it does mean the transference of control should be carried on by a government chequer, Pethick Lawrence, another mem- of banking policy from a board of directors for the general service of the department ber of the party who is an authority on who have been accustomed to reach all private interests for public, and not by financial questions, informed the annual their decisions in secret, and in large profit of shareholders. To my sur- the party conference that "the proposal is measure to dictate economic policy, to a with but said prise he quite agreed me, nationalization, and accepted the right more responsible body. Government do not 'As long as the of Parliament to determine the prin- of going into it, there entertain the idea ciples of policy," states The New Leader. Step Towards Economic Democracy is why we should not make a no reason It is thus clear that the party which, Bankers, one of their most eminent rep- of it." business out in the opinion of many observers is likely resentatives has declared, are "the arbiters The Sun Life Bill to form the next Government of Great of the world's destiny." Control of Nothing has awakened the public so Britain, is definitely committed to a very banking policy by a body whose respon- much to the possibilities of Government notable change in the banking system. sibility to the people's representatives is Life Insurance in Canada as the effort As, in spite of United States advancement, recognized, would appear therefore, to be during the past two sessions of the Sun London is still regarded as the financial a step towards economic democracy or Life Insurance Company to force through centre of the world, the decision is a at least that it may make the attainment Parliament a bill, the main clause of which significant one, especially in view of the of economic democracy easier. would have enabled the company to fact that the severely moderate character Ae the establishment of a Central Bank increase its capital to the extent of two of the British Labor party of today is for Canada by the Ottawa Government million dollars. This at first may not admitted. is one of the reforms sought by the appear to be of great importance, until Some influential members of the party U.F.A., and as Federal U.F.A. repre- bppn t.hio rnat - "•e realize that the r.nmvanv mndf a vmfJ havB NoTtnb«r 1st, 1928 THE U. F. A. t*r in Parliament, we believe that the recognised and that 'though the Bank is public corporation' representative of the decision of the British Labor Party eon- in theory a commercial enterprise owned interests alrcadv mentioned. fcrence will be found of great interest to by shareholders, actually its administra- "The report, it will be seen, is fairly members of the Association. tion is conducted in close connection with cautious in its positive proposals, and it We quote below from a summary of the the Treasury, and with some regard to can hardly whoUv satisfy those among Labor Party report on this subject which its national responsibilities.' But, the Labor's supporters who have been attach- appeared in a recent issue of the Man- report urges, its constitution should be ing almost superstitious importance to chester Guardian. such that it would be brought directly the control of credit. It is the work of a under public control, and its governing committee of which Lord Arnold and Foar Points of Report body made responsible to the community Mr. Lees-Smith were members, which The Guardian states in part: and not to individuals. How this should took up the subject after framing the "The four points of the report are as be done is not clearly indicated, the proposals for the surtax, which were follows: phrase used being that of 'control by a approved last year." "1. The control of the Bank of England by a public corporation con- taining representatives of such essen- tial factors in the commnnity as the Treasury, Board of Trade, industry, Politics of labor, and the Co-operative move- The Oil ment. "2. The extension of existing bank- How the Rivalries of the Great Oil Groups Threaten Goodwill Between Peoples ing facilities to people with small "Pacifism" Futile Which Does Not Probe to Roots of International means by the spread of mnnicipal and Misunderstanding co-operative banks throughout the country. A Book Review by HELEN E. GAULT, in Glasgow Forward "3. Such changes in the banking "He who owns the oil will own the Standard Oil v. Dutch Shell and financial system as will secure that world, for he will rule the sea by means the available supply of credit and of When Sir Edward's amiable article was of the heavy oils, the air by means of savings shall be used for enterprises of published in America, it created an ex- the ultra-refined oils, and the land by national advantage as distinct from tremely unpleasant sensation. But Am- means of petrol and the illuminating those that are useless or socially in- erica at once accepted the challenge. She oils. And in addition to these he will jurious, and an inquiry into the best is out to question Britannia's ruling the rule his fellow men in an economic method of achieving this purpose. oil waves, and her question marks take sensCj by reason of the fantastic wealth the form of battleships. America "4. The carrying out of the Genoa now he will derive from oil — the wonderful stands behind Standard Oil as for surely Conference proposals of 1922 the is after substance which more sought as our Government stands behind Sir regulation of the value of gold by and more precious today than gold Henri Deterding and Dutch - international agreement. Shell. itself. Shall Great Britain be permitted to block . . . begins trac- "The report by "About 70 per cent of the world's oil the path of American Empire? Great ing the grounds for the recent disquiet is in countries whose weakness invites Britain whose "vitality is spent? Whose deflation over financial policy which led to economic and political encroachment organisation and technique are of a past the and concludes that the lesson of by major powers. age?" Hundred per cent. Americanism history of the last years is that 'there is an "Great Britain's present command of thunders NO! Besides^ "the territorial altogether insufficient connection between the world's oil sources runs to no less type of Empire seems ill-adapted to the the political democracy of the country and than 75 per cent of their entirety, com- future." American capitalism envisages the forces which determine this kind of pared with two per cent when that an economic Empire. "Despite hands- policy.' On the currency problem, the country entered the war." aeross-the-sea speeches and talk of Anglo- report looks to international action to American unity, the two empires are now stability, urges that the true secure and M. Francis Delaisi and Dr. Anton in combat on the economic fronts of the policy for this country is to implement have both written very valuable Mohn world." The battle alignment is between the proposals of the Genoa conference of records of the history of the politics of Standard and Dutch-Shell. 1922. in case of trade re- To prevent, oil. This latest volume "We Fight for Their agents ransack the world for the for covery and a larger demand money, Oil," by Mr. Ludwell Denny (Knopf, precious fluid. Diplomatic passports drain the an unnecessarily large on 7s. 6d.) brings those records up to date. and the diplomatic protests that so often world's gold resources, the report sug- The three quotations given above give follow them —are sealed in oil. Presiden- gests an enlargement of the fiduciary indication of the scope and intention an tial chairs —in the Latin American re- issue. of the book. Before the world-war only publics —are slippery with oil. The pas- the control of credit the report "On a few informed persons had any inkling sion for petrol explains the Mosul tangle, favors 'an attempt to secure qualitative of the Napoleonic role that oil was des- the Greek-Turkish war in 1922, the Arcos quantitative use of credit,' and not merely tined to play in the drama of world his- raid, the ubiquitous Mexican revolution, and to this end suggests that an inquiry capitalist tory and expansion. During the Nicaraguan "incident," etc. At times should nvestigate the best take place to and since the war there has been in the the drama descends to melodrama. means of carrying this idea into practical Governments of every great power a effect. The argument is that although dramatic awakening to the limitless Like a Movie Thriller today the banks do to some extent exer- possibilities of the magic fluid. The Lord Cowdray must at times have felt ci.se qualitative discretion in the alloca- Britain awakening of was early —and he was living in a film story! "The Ameri- tion of credits, they are profit-earning thorough —as the third of the quotations cans even hired bands of Mexican brigands enterprises ana governed by orthodox In demonstrates. America the awakening who destroyed his oil-pipes and set his economic science, which makes no close was tardy —but no less thorough, and it wells on fire." Eventually his lordship distinction in the application of its terms Briton Sir Edgar, was a — Edward Mackay grew tired of these wild-west oil tactics, 'to bread, clothes, gramophone records, the Sperling director of banking house and tried to sell part of his holdings to kinema films, tracks.' and racing and Co.— whose indiscreet article in American competitors. But "the London " 'There can be little doubt,' the Sperling's journal finally roused America Government invervened AND FORCED report says, 'that a considerable por- from her slumbers. THE SALE TO DUTCH-SHELL AND tion of the available supply of credit as Sir Edward wrote: OTHER BRITISH INTERESTS." (The well as a similar proportion of the na- capitals are mine.) "The British (oil) position is impreg- tional savings which are permanently The scene shifts to Colombia. A Colonel nable. With the exception of Mexico invested, is in a national sense wasted Yates appears there. He is said to have and to a lesser extent Central America, in the support of enterprises which are a British diplomatic passport. He ne- the outer world is securely barricaded nationally useless and may even be gotiates for a concession. "Yates' pro- noxious. recent course of events against an American invasion in force. The Eosed concession would give t(j the British . . . To the tune of many millions on the stock exchange indicates that a undreds of miles nearer the Panama of pounds a year, America before very large amount of money is being invested Canal." The Washington Government long will have to purchase from British in wild-cat enterprises . . . and it declares this to be a matter of grave companies the oil she cannot do with- is reasonable to assume that a propor- concern! "Sir Alfred Mond, in 1925, ob- out, and is no longer able to furnish tion of the available credit supply is tained from the Panama Government s from her own store." being similarly squandered.' ten-year monopoly gold concession." ' But "The report does not deal in much For, according to recent geological sur- America says there is no gold in the detail with the Bank of England. It veys, America's oil wealth may be ex- concession. An American explorer al- points out that already the Government hausted within six years! Some authori- leges that the British Government through '•hn.racter r\( manv r>f it.p ftiT>*>t.ir»ns to this conresflion ohtain»>H important navnl — — 8 (800) THE U. F. A. November Ist, 1928 bases in Panama. Consequently, the may have been written in the hone that WORLD'S WHEAT SUPPLY American Senate pasBod a resolution the peoples of both countries, wno care According to a forecast made by the "directing the Secrclary of War to advise nothing for the distinclioiis between one United States Department of Agriculture, the Senate of all facts and cirnimstances business group and another, might be the world's wheat supply this year will relative to concessions secured by the roused to assert themselves, and, clear be only about four per cent, larger than British Government in the Republic of eyed, to strike at the root causes —the the su|)ply available last year. This in- Panama." economic causes —of modern wars. crease, the De[iartnient estimate, will "Stolen" Oil Editor, The U.F.A. largely be offset by increased demand. The struKK'c Koes on in Mosul. America still demands "the open door" tliere. Hut Britain has been granted a "mandate" there! Of what use is a "mandate" unless to slam the door in the face of rival oil Do Albertans Want These Power Trust interests! For Mosul is rich in the wealth- giving liquid. In Russia the drama be- to Duplicated in comes a comedy. Sir Henri Detcrding Methods Be "owns" much oil wealth there. The un- feelin"' Soviets have nationalised it! This Province ? Jix, The Daily Mail, the Midland Bank, New Revelations of Continent- wide Campaign Against Public Ownership in U.S.A. are all made use of to bring tUe .sacrileirious — How Public is Befuddled by "Canned" Editorials — Public Ownsership Bolsh to his senses! When —oh horror Would Be Che One Sure Safeguard in Alberta Standard appears on the hori/on willing to come to terms with the Russian "thieves" In previous issues we have quoted and are very bitter against municipal Standard, with the "stolon" R.O.P., in- ownership. Indian a evidence given before the Fedeial vades Sir Henri's market and "For the last four years this firm has ensues. great price-cutting battle But Trade Commission of the United been sending these 'canned' editorials to papers allege that Sir Henri American States, on tlie widespiead corruption 14,000 newspapers, scattered all over the had been himself secretly bargaining with of the press and educational institu- United States, ana the Hofers boast that It is the Soviets tor this same R.O.P. the amount of this stuff in tions by the American Power Trust. used that time only called "stolen" when your competi- would make 64,526 solid newspaper pages. tor bests you in intrigue! This evidence is appearing from week " For this service, 90 utility An amazing book, and one which no publif firms to week in peiiodicals in the United and companies have been paj'ing the student of international afTairs can afford States, but it is being badly neglected Hofers $84,800 per year for the la.st to ignore. Oil means power. Oil means four years. wealth. Untold riches —and power — will by the news services, and, for the belong to that Government which finally most part, does not seem to be re- "Bid not a line is on any of the 'canned' lo shew thai it is paid by wrests the right to "fuel" every vessel garded as "news". The Edmonton stuff for the which passes through the Panama Canal. ulilily concerns. The country editor who Journal, however, has in some degree It will become the controller of ocean gets this poison has no means of knowing commerce. This is but one of the "glitter- made up for this deficiency by giving that it is poison. ing prizes" for which the oil interests publicity in its news colunms to an Deterding Pose as "Missionaries" contend. Admiral Fisher said of addiess by Aid. Gibbs, in which the that he was "Napoleonic in his audacity "The Hofers nose as pure and unselfish utilities scandal in the U.S. was and Cromwellian in his thoroughness." missionaries, laooring in what they con- He might have added that the ruling- dealt with. The Journal has also ceive to be the cause of the public good. classes are Realists. They know that it published articles by Aid. Gibbs in Robert Hofer, the member of the firm is power that matters. Labour politics support of public ownership. brought to Washington, even attempted have not yet taken the measure of the to carry that pose on the stand. forces that control world politics. Incan- At a time when laige power inter- "The following is a sample of the way tations about Brotherhood take us no- ests aie cairying on an aggiessive he was handled by Judge Healy, counsel merely smiles. where. The Realist campaign in Albeita, and when the for the commis.sion: "Judge Heal3': not undertaking Note on Mrs. Gault's Review issue of Provincial vs. private genera- You are to say, are you, that j-ou are absolutely There are no other citizens of Can- tion and distribution of powei must independent in the things that you write, ada who more readily commingle, who bi ought squaiely before the people be and that you are not influenced by the understand one another better, or be- of the Piovince, and a decision made, money you receive from these utilities? tween whom there are closer bonds of friendship, than those of British origin, the unhappy experience of the United "Mr. Hofer: I absolutely am! those who are of United States birth and States is a matter of vital concern. "Healy: Have you ever printed a word upbringing, and native Canadians. at anj^ time in the last four years to the Recent Evidence There is no effective distinction be- Most detriment or disadvantage of the utility companies? tween them. They are a confraternity. Much of the evidence has been re- That may with truth be said also of printed in The U.F.A. from the New "Hofer: I don't believe we have. Canadians of other countries of origin York Notion. We publish below- an "Healy: Do j'ou w-ant us to under- who have entered into the full enjoyment article contributed by George L. Knapp stand that this .?S4,000 a year does not of our common citizenship. But because to the October 20th issue of Labor, make any difference whatever in what you between those who have been mentioned Washington, D.C., a newspaper repre- preach on any of these subjects'* there is community of language and a senting the conservative wing of the "Hofer: Absolutely. We are giving certain community of tradition, the bond United States labor interests: our views the same as we gave them 15 is of an exceptionally close nature. "The Federal Trade Commission found years ago, before we had any utility The citizens of Canada are vitally con- last week that if you can invent a better support. cerned in the preservation of cordial rela- way to hornswoggle the people, and make "Healy: Was it as profitable then as tio'nshi]:)s between the peoples of Britain them afraid of public ownership and it is now? and the United States. They can lender willing to submit to extortion bj' privately effective service only if they understand Paid Well for Their "Dope" owned utilities, the gas and electric com- thoroughlj' what forces tend to lack of "Hofer: No, sir. believe in it panies of the United States will beat a We harmony between the two Governments. stronger today than we did then. path to your door and pay you $84,000 An attempt to shed light on disturbing "Eighty-four thousand dollars a year a year for the privilege of doing it. factors, therefore, cannot be regarded as stronger! "anti- "The Trade Commission, in its probe of "anti-British" on the one hand or "Thirteen years ago, according to public utility propaganda, reached the American" on the other. It is the plain Robert Hofer's own testimony, they were so to Pacific coast last week, and made one of duty of those who can help to do doing the same work for the Pacific coast bring realities into the open. the most amazing disclosures of the whole utilities that they are now doing for those Mr. has been widely investigation Denny's book of the whole country. reviewed in British and United States Supplied "Canned" Editorials "Sam Insull, of Illinois, is represented periodicals. He is not a politician, but list of those who subsidized the a man who has had extensive exper- "In Salem, Oreg., a town of 17,000 in- in the firm, Hofers. As the Middle West Utilities ience in the affairs with which he deals. habitants, the commission found a Company of Chicago, he kicked in $3,000 It may be that he has the business E. Hofer & Sons, which deals in 'canned' per year; as the Commonwealth Edison man's tendency to exaggerate the im- editorials. The Hofers are willing to Chicago, $2,500; as Public Service portance of events in his own field. support any special privilege; hut they of Some reviewers suggest that the book pay particular attention to public utilities. (Continued on p«ce M) — — November 1st, 1928 THE U. F. A. (801) 9 The Rural Elementary School ^^^^^ BAI^I^ITT FIRST ARTICLE Defects in Rural Schools Tlie very kind reception accorded to In the majority of rural schools —I am my articles of last year on school admini- inclined to think, the overwhelming This is the first of a number of stration and the rural high school by in- majority—the following defects are as articles on education, to be contri- formed readers, and particularly the much in evidence to the trained and in- buted by Mrs. Barritt, whose in- encouragement given by the Executive of terested observer as is a sora thumb to teresting and instructive series, the U.F.W.A., have induced me to write its possessor: There is first of all a great printed last year, will be remem- a short series on the elementary school lack of playground equipment. Under bered by our readers. our own and the Danish—-together with these conditions children hang around the a brief account of the experiment being classrooms or make themselves a nuisance carried on in Soviet Russia. It is refresh- in the halls; or, worse still, perch within or on the top of sheds and outbuildings. ing to note the interest being taken in the other. educationalists Many say of our Yet under the head of minimum school subject of education, and most gratifying present course that the eight years can, to that equipment I find listed in the School remember our own Minister is with continuity of work and good teach- working a comprehensive Ordinance "a sand pile, swings, teeters, a on and up-to- ing, be covered by the majority of pupils date scheme for putting into effect, as lay-ground slide, equipment for basket- in six years. Many are doing it, with E far as present all, volley ball, baseball and football!" conditions permit, the the result that they are entering upon expressed desires of the the fault lie? In most organized farm high school work too immature to profit Where does people of this Province. cases with the teacher, for from obser- by it. The passing of the examination ' say that has become the test of going on. However, vation and experience I would Not an Immutable System it is the rare English-speaking community the rural problem is not one of accelera- The one-room rural school with its that cannot be swung into line if the tion. It is the much worse one of re- eight grades and small local district as tardation. teacher is enthusiastic. On the other the unit was not fastened on us' by an hand, it would seem that the inspection The Examination System .\ll-wise Providence, nor should it be must be at fault as well if no pressure has considered as immutable as the law of Now, just a word about the examination been brought to bear on the School gravitation. The system originated in system. While it stands condemned on Board. the New England States, and was a many counts, under the present school Indoors there is frequently generally direct result of such pioneer conditions system, it is the lesser evjl. The experi- would be more correct —the appalling as the West never experienced. It was ment of promotion without departmental lack of black-board space. Yet the abandoned in the country of its origin examinations was tried out in Alberta regulations say: "At least one hundred nearly half a century ago for the very a few years back with Grade IX. High square feet." This is usually the first reasons which are dooming it to extinction School teachers who were unfortunate demand of the good teacher. Surely in Alberta; viz., the obstacle which it enough to get those thus promoted from there is something wrong with the quality presents to good elementary education, rural and village schools will tell you, of the inspection here as well, when one to say nothing of the almost insurmount- with tears or profanity, according to sex finds a room with 40 children and less able one to the advanced training needed or temperament or both, how it worked than 40 sq. ft. of blackboard. for the complexities of the life of today. out. Needless to say, the concession was Again it is the rare rural school where withdrawn. In previous articles I have referred to attention is paid to Art, particularly in Before can afford to do with the recommendations contained in the we away the lower grades. Yet nothing gives the examinations, evil as they report of the survey of Saskatchewan undoubtedly child more joy or a better aesthetic train- are, a of schools. Two years ago a similar survey complete change the present ing than paper cutting, drawing, plasti- school the rural districts was made of the schools of British Colum- system in and cine moulding, and color work with villages is necessary. Fewer grades, bet- bia. Among numerous other recommenda- crayons and paints, when properly taught tions put forward by the Commission ter educated and trained and more and supervised. Art is a compulsory teachers, and, all, close making the survey were the follo^\ing: mature above subject, and that the work can be done in and conscientious supervision, are the even the eight-graded rural schools our That the public school system of sine qua non if a high educational stand- best teachers will testify. Similarly, British Columbia provide elementary ard is to be maintained. All these re- judging from the infrequency of their schools for children from six to twelve forms will doubtless arrive when finances occurrence, Music and Pnysical Training years of age, middle schools for pupils and the state of public opinion make are under a ban. Provision can be made from twelve to fifteen years of age, and them possible. for the former, while the lack of physical high schools for pupils who remain at training or organized games is not only school after reaching fifteen years. inexcusable —it is detrimental to the That the middle schools be organized health and well-being, mental and phy.s- where possible distinct either from ic^,!, of the children. Physical training is elementary or high schools, but com- a compulsory subject on the course, but bined with one or the other of these like many other things, one would never where the number of pupils makes such think so. an organization necessary. Inaccuracy and Untidiness That wherever the number of teach- And last, but not least, inaccuracy and ers employed in a middle school makes untidiness are characteristic. If you it possible, optional courses be provided children's scrib- for pupils. doubt this, watch your Character is the That graduation diplomas be given blers from year to year. fruitage of habit. In how many rural to all pupils who complete a three- schools do imagine that the habit of year middle school course. you doing-the-thing-as-well-as-I-can is being The recommended units correspond formed? Of bringing everything to the with those advanced earlier by Dr. touchstone of truth? Yet these are Foght, of the Saskatchewan survey. These necessary qualities for success in making divisions would do away with the present both a living and a life. Some such Departmental examination for Grade schools there are. But what happens? VIII as marking the end of the public That teacher, who is found in them, is .school course. Moreover, the "middle almost always snapped up by the town schools" would work along the lines of and her place taken very probably by the present pre-vocational schools, pro- someone inexperienced and inferior. And viding optional courses to fit the needs you cannot blame the teacher. Under of the individual pupil. blight, or The present conditions there is no future, no curse if you like, of standardization, and chance for promotion or recognition in the the forcing of the square peg in the round rural school system. In many districts hole should be lessened and in time elimi- the work and the hardship are incredible. nated by this method. Surely a change is overdue. Moreover, by providing proper courses and sufficient work, bright pupils would Some of the Possibilities not be too greatly retarded on the one In pointing out these defects, pessimistic hand, nor too greatly accelerated on the Mrs. LEONA R. BaRIIITT as it sounds. I have touched only the — 10 (802) THE U. F. A. November Ist, 1928 high spots. Let us look at some of the fitting monument to the memory of those sidizing immigrants, whether from Great possibilities. Here is one rural school who died "that battles and that tears Britain, Europe or the United States, to district as described in Dr. Foght's re- should cease to be." Would it not be enter the country and make it more diffi- port, along with his comment: worth consideration? cult for the native-born population to make a start. Population Canadian and American. Teaching Co-operation Labor men cannot see the advantages Best type of community school. Ten Regarding the teaching of the prin- of horde immigration. In fact, they can acres enclosed by woven fencing, platted ciples of co-operation, it is the writer's discern distinct disadvantages, and have and planted. School house, two rooms own belief that while something may be said so. Mass immigration would serve and basement. Chemical toilets, fur- done in the public school, the real work to increase the profits of the railway com- nace heat; very complete equipment. must be left to the Schools of Agriculture panies and the great commercial and in- Entire community working with teach- and the Rural High School. The Wheat dustrial organizations. Immigration from ers to make school "best in inspector- Pool is dealt with very satisfactorily in any source, however secured, would do ate." School work well adapted to the new text book on Agriculture. We this for them. Consequently they are in needs of rural people. Had good com- understand that the text on Citizenship favor of it. For the ordinary citizens, the munity rally, largely attended. Schools will deal with co-operation in an ele- wage earner, the clerk, the farmer, immi- of this type can solve the educational mentary way, probably emphasizing its gration simply multiplies his difficulties. problems of rural Saskatchewan. necessity in sport, school programs, com- From the standpoint of the average citi- The ground plan of a model rural munity and municipal activities, etc. zen^ therefore, any kind of an immigration school was prepared by the United States The spirit of co-operation can be devel- poliev which is designed to rapidly fill Bureau of Education for the Panama- oped and encouraged, in the public school, up the country, is unacceptable. Pacific Exposition held a few years ago. for co-operation in its essence is a thing The question of British or non-British It was planned as an all-year social and of the spirit. Beyond this it would be immigration has stirred up the Dominion educational centre and intended as an unwise to attempt to go, both from the from one end of the country to the other. enduring model for good farming and standpoint of the immaturity of the And yet that is not the most important good living, suited alike for a one-teacher pupils and the nature of the rural teach- problem. The ill-feeling which has been or a consolidated school. It provided ing profession itself. The home can do aroused by this controversy could be set for from 10 to an indefinite number of more at this stage than the school. The at rest by the simple expedient of ceasing acres of land. Here is the description: real solution — and this is the recommenda- all efforts to persuade immigrants to come "In the central foreground lies the tion of the Committee of the American to Canada. The recall of the army of school building in a setting of flowers, Sociological Society on the teaching of agents now busily engaged in rounding freight shrubs and trees. This is flanked on Sociology in the schools—is the retaining up human for the trans-Atlantic either side by playgrounds. The large of children in school throughout the steamers w-ould be the best move that could the immigration central area is used for baseball, foot- secondary period. It was the Folk High be made to solve problem. ball and track athletics; on either side School which made Denmark the co-opera- Those who come to Canada on their initiative would be welcome. of this again, and separated from it by tive pattern for the world. own That is the kind this planted trees, are the school's large In concluding, I should like to com- only of immigration country really wants. experiment fields. At the left back- mend to my readers the following from ground is the teacher's residence and an article in a recent number of the A. o large grounds and garden. To the T. A. magazine, the organ of the Teach- right of this can be seen the school ers' AUiance, referring to the new pro- BRITISH LABOR'S BANKING POLICY barn and poultry pens, used jointly by posed School Act: The British Labor Party, which today the school and teacher. Finally, at "It would appear that the Minister constitutes the official opposition in Great Britain the the right of the poultry pens are the is tackling his problem in a careful and and may possibly form next horse sheds where patrons stable their thorough manner and weighing the Government, is pledged, by its program horses while in attendance at the week- pros and cons of every alternative. recently adopted in annual conference at Birmingham, to the taking over of the end school rallies." The p issibililies if a really great advance, step that has yet been Bank of England and the setting up of a And the writer adds: the mist forward taken by any Pr wince in Canada almg bodj' in control of both credit and cur- "It needs little imagination to pic- rency by the Government, representing the line ?/ administrative reform in edu- ture the significance of such a school to the nation, the co-operative societies, the cation, is on the eve of fulfilment. The any rural community." grand opportunity and appropriate trades unions and business, and the ex- tension and development of municipal it Utopian, think you? moment are right here and now, they Is banks. are coincident; therefore no spirit of Two Social Problems uninformed criticism, sectional jealous- o throwing of a "monkey- There are two social problems wnich ies nor wanton "NO MORE WARS, EXCEPT—" wrench" into the cogs should mar the are concerning serious-minded people "There will never be any more war. chances of success and the putting into today, both of which must, in some Fifteen pow-ers, large and small, have effect of a scheme as comprehensive and manner, be linked up with the school. solemnly declared, with some insignificant thorough as the situation calls for." One is the necessity of imbuing the reservations, that they will never again young with the ideals of Peace, if such appeal to force in any controversies which civilization as we have is to survive and WHO WANTS IMMIGRATION? may arise between them. progress; the other is the means of "That is, none of these powers will spreading the gospel of co-operation. {Western Producer) again have recourse to war unless In regard to the peace movement, the In all the heated controversy over the (a) it is attacked by someone; (b) unless teaching profession of many of the coun- immigration question, not sufficient at- it believes that its honor and security tries of Europe are using the League of tention has been paid to the stand of the obhge it, directly or indirectly, to attack Nations as their starting point, Denmark United Farmers of Canada, Saskatchewan another power; (c) unless it is obliged to as usual taking the lead with a League of Section, and other agriculturists. While go to the aid of a friend who is probably Nations Day instituted for the scnools. most of the papers and public men of going to be attacked. But the following, taken from some Canada proceed merrily on the assump- "In short, none of the 15 powers will League literature, supplied the writer tion that immigration to Canada is an ever again make war, except for one of with an inspiration: "Locarno and the essential thing, these bodies of farmers the reasons which in the past have caused League of Nations were the Armistice hold that the hesi move to make under war. But if, unfortunately, some other Day theme in the schools of France. The existing circumstances, is to cease moving. reason for war —some reason of which no Minister of Education asked the teachers Immigration does not provide the farmer one has ever heard —should arise, each of throughout the country to tell their with larger crops, cheaper land or less the 15 powers will remain ^firmly and pupils of the League ideals which have extortionate interest. imperturbably at peace —at least, it goes brought about the new era of peace." In the long run, increased population without saying, unless the situation should Could not Armistice Day be observed might lessen his taxes or reduce his freight be one impossible to meet except by war. as Peace Day in the schools? Surely no rates, although experience in more popu- "Such is the Kellogg Pact—a great and time could be more fitting or impressive. lous countries holds out little hope to noble document, signed with handclasps The forenoon could be given over to him in this regard. A farmer recently and tears of joy. exercises suggested by the Department, pointed out that, under the existing land- "And, meanwhile, all the signatory the afternoon to a fitting program stagea Erice conditions, it might be possible for Eowers continue to train soldiers, to by the children, and an address or address- im to start his male children as farmers. uild warships, and to manufacture poison es on the subject of Peace by qualified With the land being filled up and prices gas, as usual. But it is understood that persons. The school could thus take the consequently rising, this would not be no one will make use of these things. lead in what could be made a community possible in the course of a few years. They exist only as ornaments." The function. Surely we could erect no more He could not see the advantage of sub- Referee, London, England. 1 — F. A. (803) 11 November 1st, 1928 THE U. The Contribution of the U.F.A. to Social Progress By Dnder Attack—Can It Be Preserved Under New Democracy W. N. SMITH Forms?—Modern Social Theories and U.F.A. Practice. who shall win —but it is surely not as The plan of action adopted by the the United Farmers to what shall win. Voting for Roose- Alberta farmers is based on the belief Wherein do differ from the old poli- velt, he elects a Pennsylvania Railroad. that, just as in the realms of science apd of Alberta their conception of Voting for Harding, he elects a National technology, of manufacturing and engin- tical parties ii which, under modern City Bank." eering, old methods and old practices the method by social progress Harding, Mr. Mencken must give place from time to time to industrial conditions, Voting for a This is a elects Teapot newer methods which are more efficient, may be made possible? might now have added, he a which will have occurred may substitute at our plea.s- so in the fields of economic organization question Dome. We of our readers who ha,ve ure our Canadian equivalents for these and in public affairs, the changing needs to many met by new not hitherto been associated with institutions. of changing times must be * * * studied its principles. and more efficient social devices. the U.F.A., or is made it ob- * * * In this article an attempt If democracy is a failure, must to interpret the principles of the viously give place to something else. It is evident that in many quarters movement in the light of history The sole aim of sound statesmanship is the today, belief in the ideals of freedom and and experience. It is suggested highest excellence of society, and if any democracy has been seriously shaken. that the plan of organization adopt- system of social organization tail, every than ten years ago, it is true, the Less ed by the U.F.A. may provide the individual who has faith in the possibility armies of the Allied powers were fighting, clue to the solution of the problems of a high future for mankind must search to quote the slogan of the day, ostensibly of democracy, which, as a form of for a better. "to make the world safe for democracy." * * * government, is now under attack Since the conclusion of the war, the con- from many quarters. The U.F.A. Is democracy a failure, or is it that its ceptions both of democracy and of free- seeks, through group organization, forms are out of date or inefficient for the have been definitely challenged and dom and in co-operation with other purposes of a modern civilization? Is the their votaries stand with "sad and dis- democratically organized groups, to casting of ballots every four or five years couraged mien." The weekly periodical bring about a peaceful transition by mobs of voters whose political educa- which boasts a larger circulation than from competitive to predominantly tion is mainly carried on by a press which anv other published in North America, co-operative forms of industrial and with all its virtues is for the most part has set itself the task of winning the good- social life. dominated by commercial motives—or will and approbation of its readers for the Originally written for the Alberta by party machines necessarily controlled European state which is blessed with the Labor Annual, the article is revised, by those who provide the party funds, the most completely autocratic government with some additions. great body of the people being too busy to modern times. known earning a livelihood to take other than a Signor Mussolini, on coming into casual interest in public affairs —is that the result of a revolution power in Italy as democracy? Or may means be found to more "radical" in its purpose and in Britain, where a man of no intellectual far make the expression of citizenship con- departure from established political distinction, but of very great influence its tinuous and such as to develop political tradition than the Bolshevik revolution in a commercially-minded newspaper peer, intelligence? Russia, announced triumphantly: "Fas- whose papers command the largest com- There are students of modern industrial cism has already passed, and if necessary bined circulations in that country —re- and social life who believe that the forms will again pass, without the slightest cently declared, on returning from a of democracy, the manner in which opin- hesitation, over the body, more or less visit to Italy: "Britain needs a Govern- ion is expressed, require modification. decomposed, of the Goddess of Liberty." ment like that of Mussolini." The One of them is H. G. Wells. Another is use the words "more radical" on the assault upon the very bases of liberty and I George W. Russell, the Irish scholar and authority of Dr. Oscar Levy, the dis- democracy is thus being carried into the literary artist who with Sir Horace tinguished translator into English of the heart of the British civilization. Plunkett was largely instrumental in works of Nietzsche, whose pupil Mussolini * * * launching and bringing to success the professes to be, though his claim will be social or- Approaching the subject of co-operative movement which is rejuven- challenged by some Nietzscheans. Dr. angle, ganization from a very different ating the Irish countryside. Levy condemns the Bolshevik revolution- and inspired by a different motive, Ber- Mr. Wells, who like Mencken regards ists for having raised, as he declares, the nard Shaw, many years before the war, modern party war fare as a sham duel standards of the French revolution. Of coined the epigram, "Democracy sub- conceptions of that goes on in the sight of the populace those eighteenth century stitutes election by the incompetent many Fraternity, he while the real duel, between economic Liberty, Equality and for appointment by the corrupt few," 'The forces, goes on behind the scenes, puts wrote in 1924, in an interview on while an eminent American, H. L. — forward a suggestion for the building up, Spiritual Basis of Fascism" "These ideas Mencken, who combines a passion for through self-education among the general have decayed, nay have become idols personal freedom with distrust of democ- it is for the body of citizens, of what he describes as which are as good as dead; racy, more recently described the form of "Community of Will." He writes of: new Fascistic movement to bury them government which goes under that name a in their place leisureless world, with altogether and to enthrone in the following terms: "This stupid, other ideals and living aspirations for the "While the mob man divides himself its ambitions shaped by the imagination mankind." guidance and progress of into two tatterdemalion hosts, each led of movie-producers, and its politicians the popular The idea of Fascism, according to Dr. by leaders who tell him they will get judged by their space in great scientists unknown, and Levy, is more radical than that of Bolshe- the moon for him, the ordinary business press, its vism because (and of this he approves), it of the world must go on on more earthly its great boxers world heroes, its gen- proposes as one .step toward the realiza- planes, and with greater regard for erals incapable of learning and its busi- hindered a tion, of those "other ideals," to establish realism. It is on these planes that the ne.ss men cramped and by a hierarchy, whose basis, apparently, must so-called Invisible Government lives and measure of value in which the art of is chief factor." He be a new form of slavery. Fascism, he has its being. That Government is com- accumulation the contends, means a complete break with posed of men who deal, not with glitter- contends that "Government by party in the traditions established by the French ing phrases, but with adamantine facts. a national Parliament ... must the functional assembly revolution, continued, it might be added, Capital is such a fact —money, credit, give place to the in the creation of the United States of the whole machinery of orderly trade. in which the expert scientist and America, and in the extension of the forms The venality of politicians —their sole expert administrator supply desiies in productivity accurately of democracy among other nations of concern with their jobs—is another. the terms of a Minister of European stock, and in quite recent years "The real struggle for power goes on adjusted to them. The among some non-European races. Dr. behind the scenes, and usually in secret. Education replaces the Minister of War economy. Levy regards the Bolshevik revolution The contestants here do not let the as the head and centre ol social aristocracy also as an outgrowth of those traditions. public know what they are fighting Democracy becomes an Property is the servant * * * about. The plain man is hornswoggled by delegation. and expression of function, instead of From philosopher-critics of democracy into the belief that he is consulted and the master of personality. Men be- such as Dr. Levy, one may pass to Great that his decision is final. It is, as to — 12 (804) THE U. F. A. November Ist, 1928 come spaciouB, free-thinking beings by usually the best, is the candidate who has In the early days of the development of adjusting the perspeotive of their lives a flair for demagogy, the tool of the the West there was no protection for to a world order, which they can shape gombeen man —the man who has made farmers against abuses which are today by willing it to be." of what we should call "glad handing" a universally admitted to have been grave. * * * perfected art —the village counterpart of The farmer hauling his wheat to the ele- Btit as the preliminary to an intelli- Chicago's Bill Thompson. The voter vator had no assurance of even the sem- gently directed world order must come, does not associate a political contest with blance of fair dealing. But I will not give detailed recital that chapter. if democracy is to survive, intelli!;ent ancl anything vital or of immediate concern a of pffieient organization in the smallest units to his community. He is carried off his It was through organization that the of the social organism. "Things are re- feet by slogans; and skilful playing upon farmers found the means of having the vealed to those who look upon (he map of his patriotic feelings and his prejudices more serious abuses removed. England which remain hidden from those by an accomplished mob orator is the The major activities of the farmers in who chart the roads through Utopia," surest way to obtain his vote. That is the early days, however, were local (even said an English social philosopher, and Mr. Russell's opinion, after a life devoted, now local activities continue to be the things are revealed to those who look not to political agitation, but to solid main business of the great body of farmers, upon the map of Alberta, who assume work for the raising of the standards of who are from day to day dealing through responsibility in local affairs, who grapple rural life, to the renaissance in Irish cul- organization with a hundred and one with the problems which are nearest to ture, to such practical matters as the local problems.) A few farmers V>anded them, which remain hidden from those improvement of the grades of Irish butter, themselves together to purchase binder who live in a world of unapplied idealism. and the more scientific marketing of all twine co-operatively, or coal. The same * • * the products of the Irish farms — which, Local which servea these and similar converted into social terms, means in- purposes became the centre of the social There need be no conflict between local creased responsibility and increased self- life of the neighborhood. In the Local activity and the world outlook. A slates- respect to every farmer in his life as a the farmers discussed (as thej' do today) man whose name since 1917 has iieen producer and citizen. the affairs of their community all their heard round the world, laid the basis — If, instead of being called upon to vote community affairs, from the means to be of much of his later influence and useful- for one or the other of the candidates taken to assist an unfortunate neighbor ness in a fight by a few oppressed workmen brought before him by a political party whom illness prevented from getting in for a few minor concessions from their which he does not control, the farmer is his crop, to the consideration of the employers —including the right to have given the opportunity to choose a repre- problems of the school and the munici- hot water for their samovars supplied sentative of his co-operative creamery, pality. The Local was and is in some free by the factory in which they worked. what kind of man is he likely to choose? respects the equivalent of the old English Such an event may have seemed to What kind of representatives are the rail- town meeting, as Premier Brownlee ex- signify little in the life of a vast, sprawling wayman, the macl'inist, (he building pressed it some time ago. empire in which despotism appeared firmly trades worker, most likely to choose? Mr. in the saddle. Yet the difTerence between * * * Russell suggests that the voter will prob- a cold and a hot drink with the noon-day But %vbile, in community affairs, there ably select those who, over a long term meal meant much to these workmen, and, was a tendency to unity, every Provincial of years, have given the most efficient more important than the immediate re- or^ Federal general election brought a service to his organization, for the test sults achieved, was the growth of social tendency towards division. The farmer of long experience in dealing with the consciousness, of loyalty to one another, began to wonder why, when he could everyday affairs of those whom he serves which had been stimulated in the struggle. co-operate with his neighbors in school or in the primary activities of production, From co-operation in local affairs came a municipal affairs, and in all joint economic is the most severe test, day to day ana broadening of sympathy and of vision, activities, they should make it a point hour to hour, to which any man can be until in this, and a thousand other places of principle to fight one another when a subjected. It is a (est of ability, of of industry, was engendered a spirit of Parliamentary representative was to be honesty, and of loyalty. For these rea- unity, of common devotion to an idea — elected. The result of some years' con- sons, Mr. Ru.ssell believes that the and an age-long tyranny was overthrown. sideration of this question was the birth Senate, were the new system adopted, It was the early struggles in the factories of the political movement, which is not would be composed of men whose moral and fields w-hich made possible, in a a distinct activity, but is merely one of the authority would be supreme in the state. society more primitive than ours, and functions of the farmers' general organi- * * * more accustomed to violence, the advance, zation, whether it be a Local, or District in due season, from the bestial tyranny of It was an eighteenth century poet who Association, or the Annual Convention. Czardom to a new stage in social de- wrote: The initiative in large degree comes from velopment. "For forms of government let fools the Local, and the autonomy of the con- * * contest, stituencies in the selection of candidates is George W. Russell described some years Whate'er is best administered is best." real. No candidate, if the spirit of the ago in an issue of The Irish Homeslvad, Mr. Russell, twentieth century man of movement is observed, is expected to pay a provision of the treaty between the affairs as well as poet, believes that the his own election expenses. Nor is he British Government and that of the form which the selection of representatives financed by any political machine outside Irish Free State, which to date has been may take has a very important bearing his constituency. If there is any more inoperative. The Senate of the Free upon efficiency in administration. I think democratic way of selecting representa- State is at present elected by one im- this must be admitted. tives than this, I do not know of it. mense geographical constituencj'. Under But while Mr. Wells and Mr. Russeil And, so far as the farmers are concerned, the terms of the Irish constitution, how- and other students of our modern indus- I think that the present method of select- ever, the Irish people, through their repre- trial life have been speculating upon the ing candidates tends to meet the condi- sentatives, have power to transform the means by which democracy may be made tions which Mr. Russell considers neces- Senate into a House of Industry —a body effective, in Alberta definite steps have sary to bring about a raising of the stand- chosen by groups of voters engaged in the been taken in this direction and, in fact, ards of capacitj' and loyaltj' of repre- great national industries, and, I believe, bj' what for Mr. Wells and Mr. Russel! still sentatives. other units made up of a number of smaller remains theory, has been cartied into * * • groups. Mr. Russell expresses the opin- practice, in some measure, by Alberta There has been considerable misunder- ion that, if such a House of Industry were farmers. The form which the farmers' standing as to the meaning which the set up, it would soon come to dominate organization has taken has been the out- U.F.A. attaches to the term "group the political and economic life of the come, not in the first place of theory, but organization." The U.F.A. is not an country. It would dominate without of economic pressure. During the past occupational group. It is an industrial any other constitutional change being ten years, however, under the guidance of or economic group, and the essential necessary, without depriving the lower President H. W. Wood, ideas which have thing about its representatives is, not house, the Dail Eirann (which is elected their roots in economic reality have taken that they shall be farmers by occupation, by small constituencies on a geographical on the form of a definite social philosoiihy. but that they shall represent the policy of basis) of any of its powers. The House The social philosophy of the U.F.A. is the group —the general policy, broadly of Industry would dominate, that is to native to Alberta, however closely it may laid down bj' the Annual Convention say, by sheer force of the superior ability be related in some respects to the ideas of the Association. The president of and personality of the men who would be which have been set forth from time to the CP. R. is the representative of likely to find places in the Senate. time by thinkers in other parts of the the shareholders of the C. P. R., Mr. Russell gives in some detail his world. not because he can drive a locomotive reasons for entertaining this belief. He * * • probably he can not — but because he can considers that Irish public life has been In this article it is not proposed to deal serve the shareholders most efficiently. cursed by certain forms of inefficiency at length with the history of the farmers' The same principle holds good in the inherent in the present method of choos- movement in Alberta. Many of the U.F.A., though it is natural to expect that ing political representatives. The can- readers of this paper themselves were in the majority of cases the most suitable didate whose chances of election are among the founders of the movement. man to represent a rural constituency will — November 1st, 1928 THE U. F. A. (805) 13 be a farmer, and though, in the U.F.A., signed at the Quai d'Orsay. For since Co-operative Union and the Labor Party, not shareholders, but producers, are rep- then no one has ever heard of the pact and a joint committee established between resented. except to hear it sneered at. . . . Jt the Union and the Trades Union Congress The U. F. A. plan of organization is certainly seems as dead as the dodo." . . . for the purpose of formulating proposals not an exact counterpart of the plan which It is not a pretty picture. And despite "intended to promote closer harmonj' Mr. Russell outlined as a desirable devel- the sun that shines alike upon the golden between the two movements." opment under the Irish constitution. It beeches of Europe and the flaming maples Statistics presented to the Co-operative is, as I stated, an outgrowth of actual of America, this is not, in any political Congress of 1927 showed that in 192t5 conditions in this Province. I would not sense, a pretty world. The discouraging the membership of all types of co-opera- sugfrcst that the Irish plan would be nationalisms of pre-war days exist, and, tive societies which are members of the workable in Alberta today in the form while the names of the foreign secretaries Union had increased from 4,960,S33 to which has beer described, for our popu- sometimes change, the old crew of offi- 5,229,703—an increase of 268,820. Share lation is sparse, and we are faced in con- cials schooled in pre-war diplomacy still capital amounted to £100,046,945 (over sequence with problems of a special order. rule the chancellories. A genuine spirit $500,000,000) and retail trade was £184,- So far As the farmers are concerned, of peace is not in them. And the will 879,902 (over $924,000,000). The num- means of making their citizenship effec- for peace of the masses will have to become ber of workers employed was 209,616. tive have been found. more articulate and intelligently directed Since that report there has been further * * * before it can be finally effective. If Ger- expansion in membership, share capital, The problem of social organization is many is disarmed, and Russia ready for and trade. a difficult one. Forms must change to disarmament, France still adores Poincare; The co-operative movement in Great meet changing conditions. The British England thinks that peace means a world Britain is today definitely engaged in constitution is the oldest in the world wherein Britannia rules the lands as well political activities, in clo.se association with and it has undergone more modification as the seas; and here in America we seem with Labor. than anj' other. That is why it has to be about to elect as President a man lasted longer. The question which is who talks in terms of prestige diplomacy and thinks that a nation must be feared raised by Mr. Wells, which is raised by New Use for Electrical Energy Mr. Russell, is worthy of consideration. to be respected. It may be that we must continue to move Fiasco as it is, this latest revelation of Can Produce Fertilizer by Simple Process in the direction they indicate. It may the shallowness of Pritish-A merican friend- be that the challenge to our powers of ship, of the weakness of the drive for —Professor Sees Possibilities in West adaptability which they have issued must disarmament, is not a backward step. Electrical energy be used in the be met as a condition of the establishment Progress cannot be based upon illusion. may near future for the production of nitrate of a society at once democratic and free The extravagant hopes that clustered fertilizer for use in agriculture, according and excellent. It may be that the farm- about the Kellogg pact have been shat- to Professor F. Bain, head of the ers of this Province are today making a tered. Very good. We know better Watson engineering of the contribution to the development of a where we are. We understand better the chemical branch fa- future Great Society. magnitude of the task that still lies before culty of applied science, University of Toronto. believes that such fertilizer As I wrote at the beginning ot this us. He will be required in Western Canada in article, I do not wish to put forward my years to cone. opinions in a dogmatic way. In the NATIONALISM recent address before the words of a British dramatist and essayist, AND PREJUDICE In a Toronto Eclectic Club, Prof. Bain is reported to St. John Ervinc, "I would no more dream "Nationalism is, of course, an extreme stated that there was a possibility of offering my opinion as a sure and example of fervent belief concerning have that the process might be undertaken certain guide to other people than I doubtful matters. I think it may be safe- new first in Manitoba. "I believe," he said, would dream of offering them my shoes ly said that any scientific historian, writ- "that years pass will as a sure and certain model in footwear." ing now a history of the Great War, is before many we have to supply fertilizer to the West. But I think that it may fairly be main- bound to make statements which, if made tained that the questions raised by the during the war, would have exposed him They have been 'mining' the ground there in the production of wheat." men I have quoted are important, and to imprisonment in every one of the bel- that the answer is vital to the future ligerent countries on both sides. Again, By passing the component parts of of the institutions for which, as members with the exception of China, there is no water and air (through a simple chemical of a race which loves freedom, and which country where the people tolerate the process, ammonium nitrate, the best and has been nurtured in the tradition of truth about themselves; at ordinary times most concentrated fertilizer known, could democracy, we are responsible. the truth is only thought ill-mannered, be produced in unlimited quantities. Prof. but in war-time it is thought criminal. Bain stated. By the fusion of rock Opposing systems of violent belief are phosphate and coke a compound of built up, the falsehood of which is evident phosphorus used in the fertilizing process Failure of Kellogg Pact— from the fact that they are believed only would result. by those who share the same national Before many years have passed. Prof. and Task Before Us bias. But the application of reason to Bain believed a great plant would be these systems of belief is thought as installed on some of the northern rivers New York Nation) ( wicked as the application of reason to running into Hudson Bay, where electric Disarmament is still a rosy mist on the religious dogmas was formerly thought." power could be developed. Water would far horizon. The peoples may demand —Hon. Bertrand Russell. be taken from the river to obtain its action, but the Governments tread warily hydrogen content and nitrogen would lie at the mere mention of the dangerous removed from the air. The two could he word. Neither Washington nor London united to form the great basic element of nor Paris has the slightest desire for any Plan Grand Council of plant food. He was of the opinion that radical step towards disarmament, and rock phosphate could be found in the the hullabaloo about the Franco -Priti?h Labor and Co-operatives same area and that coke could be freighted agreement, is, in fact, a series of man- in to complete the manufacture of phos- oeuvres designed to throw the burden of Close Association in Britain Between phorus in the huge electric furnaces, which the failure upon the other fellow. Each Co-operative and Political Movements would derive their heating power from government wants to build more ships of the harnessed waters of the river. certain kinds, and resents efforts to limit A "Grand Council" representing the In both processes. Prof. Bain believed such action; all the and governments are Co-operative Union, the Labor Party and electricity would be used for the heat willing to welcome open-armed any step the Trades Union Congress is planned in necessary in breaking up the elements of towards reducing other navies if only it Great Britain, according to an announce- the mediuLas used. "It will be a contri- will not disturb their own. ment made at the Trades Union Congress bution of electric energy," he said. "It The most disquieting aspect of this a few weeks ago by Right Hon. Arthur is a field in which we can join hands to whole series of negotiations is its revela- Henderson. Mr. Henderson had every produce for the benefit of the country tion of the complete absence of anj'^ really hope that the plan would be successful. at large." impulsive drive for peace. The fo eign Thus the trade union, consumer, and offices, having signed the carefully guard- political labor movement are being welded ed Kellogg pact and advertised it as a into a strong, cohesive body, for common THOSE HEATHEN CHINESE far greater step toward peace than it was, action in capturing the keys to economic An Ameri an diplomat in Ciiina states are continuing to plan for war. The and political power. that the rec nt civil war differed in many Paris correspondent of the New York The plans for the creation of the Grand respects from other wars. It did. For Times cables that "It seems months, and Council mark a further stage in develop- instance, none of the opposing generals indeed, years since August 27th, when ment of the alliance which took form in claimeH that God was on his side. Win- the Kellogg pact outlawing war was 3 926, when a pact was signed between thc^ nipeg Tribune. 14 (806) THE U. F. A. November Ut, 1928 News from Alberta Wheat Pool Head Office Information for Members and Locals Issued by the Department of Edaeation and Publicity of the Alberta Wheat Pool. Victor TwigR, Pool member of the Some of the Wheat Pool members in ing. The next meeting is to be held in Amisk district, threshed about 3,000 btish- the Chin Coulee district sufTerpd Ireavily the home of Mr. Wyatt, Sr. J. H. els of 3 Wheat with only a small percent- from a prairie fire. Among the Pool Suggett is the president and Blain Button age of frozen grain. members to suffer were John Huisman. secretary-treasurer of Bentley Local. who lost 1400 bushels of threshed oats ana Nels Linden, Wheat Pool member of 150 acres of unthreshed wheat; L. C. Kraan who lost 40 acres of stooked wheat; "Sixth N&tional Competition for the Wetaskiwin district, is preparing an The and A. A. Anderson who lost a consider- the Victory of Wheat" will be conducted exhibit of Banner oats for the Chicago able the International Grain Show. quantity of stooked wheat. by the Italian Government for crop year 1928-29, states a report from Assistant Trade Commissioner D. F. Spencer of John Gaunt, of Calmar, Alberta, writes: The Peace Finer Record says that prob- the United States. The rules of the "I received my final payment for last ably the best seed grain on the continent contest are similar to those which have year's crop the other day and am well has been grown in the Peace River district been published for previous years. The satisfied with the returns for the year." this year. The Record suggests that the highest production over the average in most of this high grade seed should be each classification, together with methods Dewberry U.F.A. Local No. 69 and sown on the immense area of new breaking employed, fertilization, seed selection, in the Peace country. By so doing a vast ana soil preparation are to be the de- Dewberry Wheat Pool Local No. 2, G-2, have been combined as one Local with amount of high gi^de seed would be termining factors in judging the winner. Contest total Mr. Harry Wood as Secretary. available to market in 1929. Herman In the National the awards Trelle alone threshed 14,328 bushels of will amount to 580,000 lire ($31,000) registered Victory oats and 1200 bushels and the highest single award will be Canadian Pacific Railway created a of registered seed wheat. 100,000 lire ($5,000). In the Provincial world's record on October 16th by loading competition the highest award will be 2,411 cars from country elevators along 21,000 lire (.?1,000) and the total awards its line. Allowing 1,450 bushels to the The heavy floods have caused a partial will be 75,000 lire ($4,000). Colonial car, the amount totalled 3,495,950 bushels failure in the wheat crop of India and participation is to be permitted under of grain. it is expected that production this year the rulings. will be about 2,000,000 tons (75,000,000 of Marine has sug- bushels) less than usual, according to a The Department Dr. F. A. Birchard and T. R. Aitkeu, tne Union interests of cablegram from American Trade Com- gested to Shipping chemists for the Board of Grain Commis- that boats should not missioner Charles B. Snofford. as a the Great Lakes sioners, have conducted milling and bak- Arthur or Fort WilHam later result of this shortage in the native wheat leave Port ing tests of the 1928 wheat crop. They than December 5th. The purpose of this crop, it is estimated that no wheat will state that this crop is superior to that of is to reduce as low as possible be exported from India this year and that suggestion last year grade for grade. They point the peril of lake navigation. it will even be necessary to import a con- out that the moisture content of all grades siderable quantity. is low in strong contrast to last year. To M. Bailey, of Pincher Creek, writes: date very little tough wheat (about 1 per "I beg to acknowledge receipt of unex- cent) and no damp wheat has appeared J. L. Salmon, a Wheat Pool member of pected cheque for $70.00 with many on the market. The weight per bushel the Claresholm district, made a test with thanks. This should open the eyes of the of each grade is higher than that of last phosphate fertilizer obtained from the farmers. I have used this, I think, to year. Protein content of the wheat is Trail smelter to find out if an increased good effect. I believe there will be more higher in each grade, particularly in the yield of wheat could be obtained thereby. Pool members another j^ear." lower grades. The baking quality of the Two five-acre tracts of summer fallow flour for each grade is decidedly superior were selected and one treated with the to that of last year. It is particularly of the phosphate. Both tracts received exactly H. F. Spencer, Pool member noted, says the report, that the oven- district, suffered severely from the same cultivation. The fertilized tract Parkland spring of the bread, which is an indication hail last summer, the loss running from yielded 54 bushels per acre and the other of the strength, is practically the same in per cent. Nevertheless he put 42 bushels. The cost of the phosphate for 85 to 100 the lower as in the higher grades. in his combine and pick-up machinery one acre was 90 cents. and went over 900 acres, getting some considerable quantity of wheat. E. J. Clark, formerly of Hanna, but The British National Farmers' L^nion now living in Washington, D.C., writes The longest and heaviest load of grain complains that British wheat farmers are Pool Head Office as follo\\'s: in the world's history was recently car- in a terribly depressed condition because "The presidential campaign is on in ried by the Canadian Pacific Railway be- of the low prices of wheat. The average all its fury and the farmers are getting a tween Stoughton and Areola, southern price of English wheat is per hundred 9/2 great surplus of sj'mpathy from the poli- Saskatchewan, this train being a mile long. weight, according to the latest official ticians as usual. It is rather amusing to When the engine reached the switch at returns, and this is away below the cost listen in to the line of bunk peddled by Areola the caboose was beyond the mile of operation under agricultural conditions the tool of Tammany as he pictures the board. in Britain. In the past five years the farmers in the last agonizing cry of pov- total aiea under crops and grass in erty and despair which he will change John G. Alement and Chas. D. L. Britain has diminished by 440,000 acres, and have them all singing the Hallelujah McClean who recently arrived from the while the area for rough grazing has in- Chorus ii they will all vote for him. Old Country and took up farms at Strath- creased by 293,000 acres. Hoover is playing the game more con- more immediately signed up as members servatively, as he can afford to. He is of the Alberta Wheat Pool. S. J. Ben- advocating co-operation and business nett^ Pool member 1664, pioneer worker A meeting of the Bentley U.F.A. Local methods and has other issues which I in the ranks of the organization, claimed was held on the evening of October 17, think will win for him. Canada has the contracts of these farmers. in the home of Mr. and Mrs. R. E. shown America the way to solve the farm Chowen. There was not a large attend- problem and I believe that if the farmers It is reported that France is faced with ance, but the discussion on Pool and farm will keep steady and back the Pools up a problem of shortage of native wheat, topics was keen and interesting. These to the limit that eventually it will be a partly due to unfavorable climatic condi- men seem to keep themselves pretty well world organization, then the surplus can tions and partly to the fact that an in- posted on things concerning agriculture, be taken care of, as the oil and all of the creasing amount of wheat land is being and the only regrettable feature is that so industrial organizations are taking care lelt in fallow; the 1928 crop is said to be few farmers bestir themselves to put of their surplus. Of course this is a big well below the previous five-year average force into their organization. A number order, but let the sky be their limit for and France is expected to import over of the members brought their w-ives and their onward march. I have never gotten .56 million bushels of wheat during the they served lunch, and altogether there over mj' homesick spells for my old home coming year. was a very pleasant and profitable even- in Alberta, and nevtr tDiil." November 1st, 1928 THE U. F. A. (807) 15 he treats him with due courtesy and says Grain Trades Fictitious "Average Prices* nothing more than necessary. He is glad, however, when this man has gathered up Trade Has Low Estimate of Intelligence of Average Farmer—A Transparent Attempt his odds and ends and gone out of the back doors. to Deceive Which Has Been Many Times Exposed. In this case it is nothing more or less on the agent's part than an effort to be again issues its fictitious in the The Grain Trade once "average prices" civil. The agent cannot afford to offend hope of discrediting the Wheat Pool's true average price. him, besides, there is no use arguing or trying to explain anything in Year after year, in spite of the fact that the people know better, the to a man that mood, especially if there are others Trade insists on producing its figures, dolled up to suit itself. present who are rather inclined to agree The Grain Trade knows that an average price that does not take volume with him. The chief object for the agent at that moment is to preserve harmony. of deliveries into consideration is a fictitious figure. It only takes a word on the part of the The Grain Trade knows that storage and interest charges should be farmer at the first introduction. An deducted from its "average price"; also allowance should be made for dis- occasional one will swear at the driveway or something, or the back doors should counts taken by the Trade in purchasing "street wheat." be shut, or the back doors should be open. The Grain Trade knows that thousands of non-Pool farmers did not get The last thing in his mind is the fact its vaunted average price. that he is creating an impression in somebody's mind—an impression that The Grain Trade knows, and resents the fact, that the Wheat Pool cannot be reckoned in dollars and cents. Sign-up has been a success in spite of all the Trade could do. It may mean dollars and cents here and The Grain Trade should know that the average farmer has ample intelli- there, but it is of more value between man and man. gence to see through its figures. * * * Why don't men learn to meet men? Few Agents Won't Respond The head office of the Alberta Wheat Pool received a mild shock last If a farmer cannot approach the ele- week when a contract was received from an agent of a line elevator company, vator agent as if the agent were a man, who also farms some land, and from another line elevator agent three contracts how can he expect manly treatment? If which he had secured for the Pool. It would look as though the elevator the farmer cannot approach the agent company's own employees are alive to the advantages of Pool selling and honestly, how can he expect honest treat- ment? In other words, if the farmer unimpressed by the imposing publicity of average prices issued by the Trade. wants courteous, pleasant and honest treatment, why should he not meet the elevator agent in a reasonable, cheerful manner, and there are mighty few agents who would not respond with fuil measure. Why Don't Men Learn to Meet Men! Now the foregoing seems to be all one- sided, we will admit, and we must also Looking at It From the Elevator Agent's Standpoint admit there are irritable agents. There is no class without its crusty few. We bear in We read and see many articles written dealing with the many different types of must mind, however, elevator these days on the many many questions individuals that haul grain to us and agents are chosen by their employers, and if a is of an nature relating to the numerous phases of the how we feel toward each individual. It man ugly he does not get a position very easilj'. So that economical and commercial life of our is as sure as that night follows day that while elevator agents have to conform to a land. When we try to think of the no matter who the elevator agent is, his number of different aspects and angles feelings toward a farmer who hauls his reasonable amount of business tact, they that weave themselves into the network grain are according to the attitude of the have on the other hand, to take the public as it comes, so that it cannot of the commercial and economical life farmer toward the agent. To further be denied that the odds are one-sided. of our own country, we give up and admit explain what I mean 1 could take many Even if allow that the agent is that each of us can only endeavor to be instances, but I will only specify one or we one of the master of one or two phases of the in- two. crusty kind, it still remains that he is dustry in which we are engaged. A farmer may know quite as much looking unconsciously for that first im- about the whole method of handling grain pression of the farmer as he approaches, A Difficult Problem and the smoothness of all the rest of their as the elevator agent, and if he is tactful The writer happens to be engaged in enough he can promote a friendly discus- business relations is hinged on the im- the handling of grain in the capacity of sion between himself and the agent and pressions of that critical moment. to receiving it into and shipping it out of a they will be friends, and each will endeav- Now, I am happy say that the last country elevator under the direction of or to see the other's problems, and assist description of a farmer certainly is not the Alberta Pool Elevators, Limited, and one another, and nothing but a desire to the usual, but in the odd case it is not Briggs he has just finished reading the fourth use each other as friends can result. overdrawn. As puts it, "There is and concluding article by E. J. Garland, at least one in every community." I M.P., on "Grading Wheat on Protein Something in the "Attitude" hope this little article will not be taken Content," in The U.F.A. of October 1st, On the other hand, another farmer, as a complaint from an elevator agent. 1928. I have no intention of commenting having just as much knowledge about the I only hope that it may illustrate, if only on Mr. Garland's article, except to say grain business, begins to complain or in a feeble way, the importance of en- that it vividly points out that it will be a make unpleasant remarks before he gets deavoring to make our first impressions most difficult problem to substitute the off his wagon. Or, he may not say a word, the reflection of the attitude we would present grading system with any other but there is something about his attitude desire toward one another throughout the as far as can be seen at present. that speaks louder than words, and the rest of our whole acquaintance with each One of the things that occurred to me agent just feels that there are likely to be other. while reading the above mentioned ar- irritating remarks when he pronounces —Poolagent. ticle was, that while we see so many the grade of the grain. The farmer, of o writings in the various farm papers, I course, generally accepts the grade and cannot recall seeing anything written by a dockage, but he makes some little sour BLAME THOSE WHO DID IT bona fide country elevator operator. It remark that —well, it's like a drop of Judge L. Gough, writing in the Texas seems to me that there are many phases milk in a dish ot cranberry sauce; the Wheat Grower, says: of the experience of a country elevator cranberry sauce was sour enough without "Much has been said and written about agent, that if properly written, would the outward appearance. "This same the Canadian Wheat Pool's being the make interesting and profitable reading. farmer is not likely to miss an opportunity, cause of the recent decline in wheat prices. Surely, out of the thousands of elevator if there happen to be two or three other The grain trade papers are very active agents in Western Canada, a few would men present, to talk loud about the unfair in spreading the false propaganda and have the gift of setting down, on paper, system of grading, and what that same saying the Pool's encouraging higher some of the experiences that crop up wheat would have graded four or five prices caused the farmers to plant more from time to time. If we are what ago, or we years how they grade wheat in wheat, hence the low price. Harvesting Pool Wheat Top—Cutting grain on farm of Geo. Randle, High River. Mr. Randle is a member of the Alberta Wheat Pool. Bottom—Harvest scene on farm of J. N. Johnson, a Pool member of Champion district. November Ist, 192^ T H t U. F. A. (.809) 17 first wheat on September 26th, over 20 Wheat Pool Field Service trucks being in line at that time. Re- ceipts the first two days totalled 18,000 Items of Interest Gathered by Field Service Men bushelp, 104 loads being delivered the first day, and 102 the second day. This Delegate A. MacGregor, of Granum, District A has more wheat binned on elevator is a 21-bin house with 40,000 has been very active in campaigning for farms at present than any previous year. bushels capacity. Natural gas is used for new members as well as rounding up the The return to members of excess charges heating and lighting and also as fuel for old ones. The result has been an excel- by the Pool elevators and the paying of the engine. lent sign-up for Granum district. Farm Storage by the Wheat Pof)l is a big factor, and Pool members are determined Picture Butte, Iron Springs, and Turin to make delivery to Pool elevators where On Wednesday, September 12th, the Pool elevators on the Lethbridge Northern possible to do so. Pool elevator at Coaidale received 12,670 are filled to the roofs. Turin has con- bushels and shipped 8,124. As can be sideraV)le territory that was not hailed imagined, M. F. McCann, agent at this Milk River, Warner, New Dayton, out and Pool wheat has come to Iron point, was kept rather iiusy on that day. Craddock, Stirling, Wilson Siding and Springs from Sundial owing to congestion Raymond, all with new Pool elevators at Turin. All these points boast a very this season, were filled to the roofs on fine sign-up of Second Series Contrai'ts. Welling Pool elevator has been plugged October 15th, according to a report re- Agents of these elevators had planned on a long time. This is a 30,000 bushel ceived from Norman Nelson, Pool field being among the top notchers for handling house. Mr. Empey, the agent, reports man. The above points have a very this year had not the hail storm cut such farmers binning a large percentage of strong sign-up, A-3 being one of the best a swath through this fine district. Iron crops on their farms. More space is ur- sub-districts in District A. Springs being hit the hardest. gently requested at this point. The new Pool elevator at Tempest Pool members in the Bluesky and Fair- with H. L. Nelson agent, started with a Many farmers in the Peace River Block, view districts, north of the Peace River, bang, receiving over 100 loads the first both North and South of the river, are are eagerly looking forward to the com- day and continued with a rush until taking a splendid advantage of the one pletion of their new elevators. A rush filled. This elevator has 21 bins and a and two cent farm storage scheme, in season is in store for these houses when 40,000 bushel capacity. This house is order to spend every available minute freeze-up occurs. equipped with motor head electric motor, before freeze-up in fall plowing for an doing away with line shafting, clutches, early seeding in 1929. Thousands of rope drive and engine; handling capacity acres were broken last summer both by On Saturday, October 13th, the new 2000 bushels per hour. the old timers and new settlers, and this Local at Granum held an emergency added to the large acreage being fall meeting at which they discussed the car J. G. Evans, agent Pool elevator at plowed should produce the biggest crop shortage, also the matter of billing wheat Warner, reports the Second Series sign-up in the history of the Peace. to the Poo! terminals. The farmer is considerably stronger than the First Ser- certainly looking after his own business. ies in his district. His elevator has been filled to the roof and the farmers have One of the field service men in Northern The new Pool elevator at Enchant re- been binning their wheat waiting for the Alberta reports that Pool members arc ceived its first load of wheat on October completion of the new Pool elevator, the patronizing their Pool elevators wherever 4th. Enchant is 80 per cent Pool sign-up, second at this point. This new Warner they can possibly do so. In one town a and the farmers are determined if at all elevator will be a 21-bin house with buyei for another elevator company who possible to make deliveries to the Pool 40,000 bushels capacity. is a veteran at the game and well liked, elevator. This is the right spirit and states, "I have been buying grain at this should be followed in other districts as The new Pool elevator at Bow Island point for 12 years. I have had during well. with A. J. Hale as agent, received its this period clients or farmers who would From Farm to Export Markets Top—Swathing grain on Vulcan farm of Hon. O. L. McPherson, Provincial Minister of Public Works. Hon. Mr. McPherson was formerly a director of the Alberta Wheat Pool. Bottom— Pool wheat beins; harvested on farm of J. Kinghorne. High River, Alta. IS (81UJ not haul their grain to any other elevator. 1929 crop of registered and first genera- North of the Peace River the Alberta To my surprise this year the situation is tion grain will be marketed through this Wheat Pool has a sign-up of 85 per cent different —all go to the Pool elevator. association. Several organization meet- or better. Many new settlers are going The 4 cents patronage dividend came with ings have been held and it is hoped this in north of the railway as far as 25 miles, a bang and we are absolutely helpless." new association will be on its feet and and the majority of these are "sold away to a good start in the very near solidly on the Wheat Pool and intend to future. sign up when they have a bushel to sell. On Saturday evening, October 6, the Granum Wheat Pool Local was reorgan- ized. Some thirty farmer members of the Pool were present and a discuHsion of Pool Keep the Trust! problems took place. As a result of the meeting greater interest is being taken in Since producers' co-operative organiza- co-operative had not the financial stability afifairs. of the Pool The new executive tions first came into being, a constant j'ears of profit-making had g ven the Wheat Pool Local consists of A. MacGreg- warfare has been maintained by interests private companies and could not face or, chairman; W. Laughton, secretary; opposed to the movement. 11 was easy the competition. "There's your co- C. Little, S. Sherman, D. Cameron, W. for powerful and wealthy private organ- operative for you!" these private com- Blair, F. Matheaon and G. Torrence, izations to squelch infant co-operatives panies would say. "What earthly good executive members. It was decided to in the early stages of the movement. 18 it? It can't even come up to eur hold meetings once a month. The feeble little organizations laboriously prices." So oftentimes patronage drifted brought into being by determined men from the new-born co-operative until it who made up with enthusiasm what they dwindled into nothingness. Then the Before Herman Trelle brought world- lacked in practical business knowledge old order was resumed and prices and wide fame to the Peace River country, were pitifully weak prey when a de- practices of former days were again by winning the Grand Championship at termined attack was launched upon restored by the private companies. This Chicago in 1926 with wheat and oats, them. While the organizations were method of destroying co-operatives was and runner-up in 1927, seed experts onlv too often killed, the spirit was not, effectually overcome by the introduction claimed the Peace River country would and after an interval flamed up more of the term contract. In face of the supply Canada, some day, with clean seed fiercely than ever. Gradually the re- contract private companies cannot use of highest quality. Trelle demonstrated sult of years of hard work and bitter their ancient tactics, and co-operatives experience bore fruit. The co-operative in no uncertain manner what quality of can build up their organizations secure idea had its martyrs and their bitter grain grows North of Latitude 55, and from the scheming of adversaries. many other farmers in this district are disappointments and onerous tasks made producing the same quality of seed. a pathway for the light-bearers who The Canadian Wheat Pool has found These growers in the Grande Prairie dis- followed. the long term contract to be a veritable trict are now organizing a Seed Growers' One of the most effective methods for tower of safet}' and of strength. C. R. Association for the purpose of cleaning destroying co-operatives was for private Fay, professor of the history of economics and marketing throughout Canada their firms to overbid wherever a co-operative in Toronto L^niversity, maintains the surplus seed wheat and oats, and the organization started to do business. The long term contract between growers and A Story of Progress The above illustration shows the transition of the farm owned by Alex M. Wattie, near Hughenden. On the upper left is shown the log house erected in the pioneer stages of the development of this farm. On the upper right the fine new modern home is shown. In the early days Mr. Wattie used oxen to work his farm and as a means of transport. Picture of these is shown on the lower right. On the lower '"ft the illuRt.ration shown the modern wav of farmine on this Pool farmpr"i; Innd NoTsmber lit, 1928 THE U. F. A. (811) 19 Pools is the stoutest kind of armour and should never be discarded. Keep Tour Pledge In an organization so widespread as the Alberta Wheat Pool and embracing as it does almost every tj'pe of human being, it is readily understandable that the contract gives invaluable confidence itfthe • to all the members because each one knows what is expected of him. The wheat grower at Whitelaw, furthest oiDcouNTigr north railway point in Alberta, knows that the grower at Coutts on the southern i Largest and Fastest Ships to and from Canada border is bound to the Wheat Pool by the Sailing from contract. same enforceable The con- Montreal —Nov. 16—S.S. Duchess of Atholl to Glasgow. Belfast. Liverpool tract really forms the Pool for the Alberta Montreal —Nov. 21 —S.S. Montrose to Cherbourg, Southampton, Antwerp 23 Glasgow. Liverpool Wheat Pool is not a gathering of employees Montreal —Nov. —S.S. Montcalm to Quebec —Nov. 28—S.S. Minnedosa to Glasgow, Belfast. Liverpool in Calgary, but the vast gathering of Saint John—Dec. 7—S.S. Metagama to Cherbourg, Southampton, Antwerp wheat producers all over Alberta. We Saint John—Dec. 7—S.S. Montclare to Glasgow. Belfast. Liverpool here in the head office in Calgary are Saint John—Dec. 12—S.S. Duchess of Atholl to Glasgow, Liverpool Saint John—Dec. 14—S.S. Melita to St. Helier. Channel Islands, merely your employees, following the Cherbourg, Southampton, Anwerpt instructions of your Directors, who are elected and instructed by your delegates SPECIAL TRAINS AND THROUGH CARS TO SHIP'S SIDE Apply Local Agents, or write for full information to and these delegates, in turn, are elected R. W. GREENE. C.P.R. Bldg.. Calgary G. R. SWALWELL. C.P.R. Bldg.. Saakatoen by yoijrselves. So the contract binds or W. C. CASEY. General Agent. C.P.R. Bldg.. Main and Portage. Winnipeg. you into the Wheat Pool and strengthens and solidifies the organization into an effective and capable unit. The Alberta eANAOiHN PHeiFie Wheat Pool, as I have mentioned, in- WORLD'S GREATEST TRAVEL SYSTEM cludes in its ranks many types of human- ity, and it is understandable that there are a few individuals whose word on a contract is not a bond. Unfortunately this type of person does exist. It is very rarely indeed that actual and dire need is so compelling that a member is forced to break the faith. Usually the cause lies elsewhere. From the dawn of history "keep your word" has been a law among men — written and unwritten. The man whose "word is as good as his bond" has always been respected and admired. Men have lost wealth, have endured hardship and have suffered anguish rather than break a promise solemnly <5b given. The signing of a Wheat Pool contract is the entering into a binding agreement, j>ist as binding as the sign- ing of a transfer of title, a cheque, or any other legal document. Each Pool member covenants with the others that he will "keep the faith." During the lifetime of the first series contract a number of cases of breach of contract arose and were dealt with by the Board of Directors. Publicity was not given these cases except in ex- ceptional and flagrant instances. It is IT AR-off stations JTEANUT Tubes now the expressed intention of the will come through arc small but very Pool Directors to see that violaters of clear as a bell, if Pool contracts are compelled to pay powerful, and can the penalty that the contract calls for. your set is eqxiip- be efficiently oper' In no case has any Pool member the right ?ed with Peanut ated in series using to sell wheat outside of the Pool, except 'ubes. dry cells. They are seed or feed wheat, and then application unequalledforlong to Uead Office for a permit must be made. Ooly $xTo at your life. Permit Conditions oearat dealer. Under the Second Series Wheat Pool Contract a clause governing permits for the sale of wheat as seed or feed which will be issued to members on application, is less restricted than under the First isiotthem Eiectric Series Contract. A member obtaining a permit for the sale of wheat as seed may LONGER - LIFE sell the wheat to (1) any farmer who agrees with the grower to use the wheat as seed; (2) any seed house which agrees with the grower to re-sell the wheat for seed only and for no other purpose. A farmer holding a permit for the sale of wheat as feed will be privileged under the permit issued under the Second Series Master Gears, Pinions, Grates, GENERATORS We are offering new 600 watt 32 volt Generators Contract to sell such feed wheat in less ETC., FOR THE POPULAR TRACTORS which can be operated by a I ) H.P. (or larger) than car-load lots to a farmer or local CARRIED IN STOCK engine for $42,00 F.O.B. Winnipeg. They can feeder who: (1) to the knowledge of the Crankshaft grinding, Cylinder grinding, be used for electric lighting or charging car and grower requires the wheat for feed; and Tractor overhauls, welding, etc. radio batteries. Write for printeo circular. by agreement with the grower under- The CANADIAN FARIBANKS-MORSE CO. (2) CALGARY IRON WORKS, LTD. Limited takes to feed and not re-sell the wheat. 412 9TH AVE. E. CALGARY Winnipeg Regina Edmonton Calgary Tn all other respects the permits are ^Continued on cage 36^ — 20 (812) THE U. F. A. Interests of the United Farm Women Bernard Shaw s Views on Educatidn demands that the greater part of the day at school be followed by hours of home work, demands not only a change but a Some Follies of the Orthodox Method of Educating Our Oirls and Boys. revolution. Yours sincerely, Farm, And Just one more: "'But our right Warwick to H. ZELLA SPENCER. Edgerton, Alta. cultivate a girl in any particular way Dear Farm Women: against her will is not clear, even if 'we could claim that sifting indoors on a hard Last week I made some comments on seat and being forbidden to talk or fidget Activities of the U.F.W.A. Bernard Shaw's "Intelligent Woman's or attend to anything but the teacher, Guide to Socialism and Capitalism. "(*) Of cultivated a girl more highly than the course I shall be quoting him indefinitely HOLD FIRST FALL MEETING free activities from which this process if I comment on all the book, for. as I said, Stettler U.F.W.A. held their first cuts her off. The only valid reason for meet- it contains no fewer than 84 chapters. I ing for the fall on October 6th, forcing her at all costs to acquire the when promise you I shall not do that, but I twelve members technique of reading, writing and arith- and several visitors were want to give you a few quotations from present. "Interesting metic enough for ordinary buying and papers on Young the chapter on Socialism and Children, People's Work by Mrs. Judd and Health selling is that modern civilized life is hoping they will give you food for thought. by Mrs. impossilde without them. She may be Ed. Heck were given," reports Mrs. J. H. Drysdale, secretary. There are people who shudder at the said to have a natural right to be taught "Reports were made of the successful very thought of State Control, but Shaw them just as she has a natural right to be millinery course held in the Hall points out, speaking of course of England: nursed and weaned and taught to walk." Town in August, "In the case of young children we have under the able tuition of Mrs. Nj'e." gone far in our interference with the old Is System Barbarous? mortal Roman right of parents. For nine I have always said that some day in IRON SPRINGS COMMUNITY WORK years the child is taken out of its parents' the future we shall look back and call our Iron Springs U.F.W.A. have been as- hands for most of the day and thus made educational system barbarous. It seems sisting in raising funds for the purchase a State child instead of a private family to me ridiculous that we take active, of a community hall. It is expected, child." energetic little children who love to run states Mrs. Helen Green, secretary of the naturally expecL. his views and play out of doors and have sit One would them Local, that when the agreement of sale and schools to be far from still on the most uncomfortable seats for on education is signed the building will be free of debt. orthodox and his criticism is most scath- several hours a day the children are so — This Local is also co-operating in im- refers to schools in far from com- small and the hours in the seats are ing. He so f)rovements to the local cemetery, level- pHmentary language as "prisons politely long. It is like faking colts from a care- ing and plowing land and having it free existence termed schools." and suddenly harnessing planted to trees and flowers. them and keeping them at work. Word Covers Many Things The folly does not seem to cease at the WARDEN U.F.W.A. "Education," he says, "is a word that beginners' stage, but rather increases as LOCAL the child in our mouths covers a good many things. advances in her school work. I "Warden U.P;W.A. Local met at the At present we are only extricating our- do not know why it is. whether we are home of Mrs. Madison on September selves slowly and as usual reluctantly and trying to pour too mucn learning in, but 27th for the regular monthly meeting. an educational system that keeps a grow- nice ill humoredly from our grossest stupidi- There was a very gathering of mem- ing girl in school from 9 o'clock in the ties about it. One of them is that it bers and friends present. Mrs. Beattie means learning lessons and that learning morning until 3:30 o'clock and then gave a report on Immigration. Roll was gives her home lessons is for children and ceases when work which sometimes answered with current events. The So- takes three hours or even longer to is, they come of age. I, being a septuagen- do, cial Committee gave a guessing contest, think, arian, can assure you confidently that we I decidedly at fault. If it is the the prize going to Mrs. Seabrook. A never cease learning to the extent of our folly of measuring the cleverness of chil- delicious tea was served by the hostess, capacity for learning until our faculties dren and the ability of our teachers by assisted by Mrs. Cumberland." Slelller "examinations," then fail us." That latter part is at least may the day be Independent. •omforting. hastened when they may be a thing of the past. that is gravely PREVENT ACCIDENTS Shaw contends "it in- Men and women have urged and worked jurious both to children and adults to be The "Accident Prevention Number" of and legislated for an eight hour day for forced to study subjects for which they the Alberta Public Health Bulletin, issued their able-bodied men. Fords have re- have no natural aptitude even when some by the Provincial Department of Public duced their week to a forty-four hour ulterior object which they have at heart Health, contains some arresting statistics week, realizing that it made for greater gives them a fictitious keenness to master of the causes of death, in Alberta and efficiency, and there is no doubt that in it. It is, of course evident in all civilized elsewhere, during recent years. "The a short time if will be still further reduced. states," he says, "that there are certain purpose of this bulletin," to quote from We seem, however, to sit calmly by and things which people must know in order the bulletin itself, "is to bring to the allow the children to put in "full time." to play their part as citizens. There are attention of the general public the serious- technical things that must be learned and The First Essential ness of the situation as represented by intellectual conceptions that must be the facts herein outlined, hoping thereby The first necessity for the ideal devel- understood." to create a sentiment in favor of greater opment of every boy and girl that they precautionary measures." In Alberta, in "Every intelligent woman," declares may be able to get the best out of life and 1926. the bulletin states, there were 46 Shaw, "must stand aghast at the utter give the best service is a healthy body. deafns by drowning, 14 by fires, 19 by disregard of the children's ordinary human I do think that we often run the risk of burns and scalds, 35 by falls, 32 from rights and the classing of them partly as impairing thpir health that their minds automobile accidents and 31 from mine animals to be tamed and broken in and may be crammed. accidents. Copies of the bulletin can be partly as inanimate sacks into which Since we are not free agents as far as secured from the Government Building, learning is to be poured." bringing up our children goes (for they Edmonton. are to a great extent State children for so many years), it is certain that there are ()—The name of the English publisher of Shaw's few subjects of more importance to which HAS INCREASED MEMBERSHIP "iDteUigeDt Woman's Guide" was given in the last we can give our thought than to this one "Westling U.F.W.A. have had two issue of The U.F.A We are now informed that the of how the State shall best develop our picnics since our last report was sent in," United Farmers of Canada, Saskatchewan Section, children for its service. Tremendous writes Mrs. D. Will, secretary. "One Saskatoon, have made a special arrangement with the strides are being made, and the reason the was for the school children and all in the publishers of the American edition, which is exactly schoolboy does not "creep snail-Uke to district; we also invited Birch Lake Local the same as the British with the addition of a "Preface school" is because the school is being made and school, and over seventy were pres- to American Women." The above organization can less like a prison. There is, however, ent altogether. The picnic was held on supply this edition to our readers for $.3 a copy, poet- room for much im[)rovement in that the grounds of Mrs. Monson's home, and pnid. direction, and certainly a system that all had a jolly time. The other was the i — November isi, 1922i THE U. F. A. (813) 21 Positive MONEY BACK" Robin Hood, is the standard of excellence. Merchdnts who handle it are sure to carry a. high quality line of other products * «• RobinHood PI/OUR HEINTZMAN PIANO S Make it your happiest holiday. Your friends and relatives will be happy too. White Star ships offer a most enjoyable trip both ways. Special Sailings to England—Ireland—Scotland France—Belgium Montreal-SoiUhampton- Havre- London Monlreal-Olasoo w- B elfast- Livtrpool Laurentic Nov. 24* nalifax-Plymoulh-Cherbourg-Anlwerp Hn^AMOUS artists laud the Pennland Dec. 2 Lapland Dec* 9 JItiHeintzmaa as "the greatest of pianos." In modest Halifax-Glasgmv-Belfast-Ltverpool R.egina Dec. 15 homes and apartments it is loved Halifax-Queenstown-Liverpool for the joy and relaxation its Baltic Dec. lO presence brings. Special Conducted Trains Winnipeg direct to Steamers The Heintzman Piano is priced from $595 up—convenient terms For complete information, phone, write or call: arranged, balance 224 Portatie Ave., Winnipeg, Man. spread over Land Building, Calgary, Alta. t\ years. Used pianos accepted Canada Bldg., Saskatoon in part payment. Pacific Bldg., Vancouver, B.C. 259 WHITE STAR LINE Ye Olde Firme 322 Eighth Ave. West CALGARY CANADIAN SERVICE Heintzman &l Co^ Heintzman Hall Jasper Ave., Edmonton CPlease mention "The U.F.A." ^ J — •->2 (81 4 annual U.F.A. and U.F.W.A. affair, during the winter mouths. The district shows the greatest increase in membership. which also went off splendidly, making was divided into four groups, one in town, Keen interest is being shown in the Drive. a total of approximately $175. The one to west and two east of town. Each We are desirous of having a fur- money has no set use as yet, but the group will plan its own social evenings. ther increase during the remaining their members' fees U.F.W.A. Local pay It was decided that the sum of $15 would months of the year, and appeal to activities, and out of funds from social be given from the local U.F.W.A. to the you to put forth every effort to have so far. find the plan works splendidly Woods' Home and $15 to the Lacombe your membership 100 per cent strong. at the members' We hold our meetings Home. At the next meeting each member Appoint canvassers and try to have effort to homes. We always make an will bring a special contribution to go every woman in your district a by sending look after any sick member, toward these sums. After the regular member before the close of the year. visiting possible." This liour flowers and where business, tea was served and a social Your Constituency Director will also of Local has an increase over last year enjoyed." High River Times. appreciate your assistance in en- eight members, so far. deavoring to have your Constituency MERNA U.F.W.A. ACTIVITIES show the greatest increase. CLINIC AT RIDGEWOOD "The regular monthly meeting of Merna Whether you have dues or not to remit, U.F.W.A., which was postponed to last "Due to the efforts of the ladies of write and let us know how you are getting Thursday, on account oi the busy season, Ridgewood U.F.W.A., the Ridge wood liall along. We are always interested in what took place at the home of Mrs. Thos. H. was almost a i)erfect miniature hosjjital you are doing, and through the medium Smith. There was a fairly good attend- on August 23rd and 24th when the Health of our paper, other Locals throughout the ance. Plans for the coming bazaar were Clinic of the Department of Health kept Province are also interested. completed and the various committees their promised appointment. This clinic We hope early in December to send named. It was decided to hold the was composed of five nurses, a dentist, a you the Call to the C'onvention, which bazaar on Hallowe'en week and the date doctor and a surgeon — Dr. \A ashburn of we expect will be held in Edmonton, and will be the 2nd of November. Commit- Edm nton. The first day was a busy one we trust each Local will now begin to tees are as follows: Sewing, Mrs. Blake- spent in examining the children, while the make plans to send a full delegation. ney, Mrs. Smith and Mrs. S. McLennan; second day was devoted to operations and Yours fraternallv, Lunch, Mrs. Wilson, Mrs. R. McLennan, dental work. Forty children were ex- F. BATE MAN, Mrs. Prat land; Decorating, Mrs. Blake- amined, and fifteen operations were per- Central Oflice, Calgary. Secretary. ney, Mrs. S. McLennan, Mrs. Colvin, formed which plainly proves to the Mrs. Painbridge; Candy, Mrs. Colvin, doubters that only necessary operations Miss Vera McLennan, Dorothy Davis, were done. Seven or eight chiUlren were Dorothy Leslie, Eva Cox; Program, Mrs. "The U.F.A." given special dental treatment. The Colvin, Mrs. S. Pottage, Mrs. Leslie. people wno came in touch with the clinic So much time was taken up with discuss- Pattern Department are very well plca.-ed with the work done, ing the bazaar that the program had to and speak highly of it. Thanke are due be held over till the next meeting, which to the ladies for the way they helped to will be held at the home of Mrs. Bratland. Send orders to The U.F.A. Pattern make the clinic a success." — Red Deer At the close of the meeting a dainty Department, Lougheed Building. Calgary, Advocate. lunch was served by the hostess." — allowing ten days for receipt of pattern. Killam News. Be sure to give name, address, size and AT HIGH RIVER number of pattern required. "A fine representation of U.F.W.A. members gathered at the beautiful home CRITICISM of Mrs. Wyatt Brocklebank on Friday, "Many a rough hand has ruthlessly October 12th, for the regular October pulled up a plant whose first flower was meeting. Mrs. Gavin Findlay gave a weak, and, it may be, commonp'ace, but paper on Peace and Arbitration, which in whose root lay potentialities of beauty produced considerable discussion. Mrs. the following summer may have looked Emmanuel Handle and Mrs. Alex Eraser for in vain. There must always be in suggested many happy devices for Hal- the highest criticism an element of that lowe'en celebrations. Plans were ar- insight which begets prophesy, and so, if ranged for the usual social gatherings need be modulates dispraise." —J. Hogben. Members Urged to Place Orders Early for U.F.W.A. Cook Book Order Through Local Where Possible —A Nice Christmas Gift —The Increased Membership—How You Can Help Make U.F.W.A. One Hundred Per Cent Strong To All U.F.W.A. Members: oflScers of the Association have contri- The U.F.W.A. Cook Book will be ready buted, also a few U.F.A. bachelors and for mailing the second week in November. some other prominent Alberta people. It will consist of about 220 pages, good It will make a very nice Christmas gift, auality paper, stiff cover with white oil- and we hope members wnll place their oth and blue lettering. The price, in- orders promptly, so as to ensure having cluding postage, will be 65c. The revenue copies for themselves and friends. We from advertising enables us to sell at this ask also that you try to get non-members low price, and we hope where possible in your district to purchase copies. We the advertisers will be patronized. The are having a limited number printed, and proceeds from the sale of the book will be as a considerable expenditure is involved devoted to the work of the U.F.W.A. in getting out this book we would appre- 6322. Girls' Dress with Bloomers. Locals will be allowed a commission of 5c ciate remittance with order, also your Cut in 3 Sizes: 2, 4 and 6 years. per copy on each book sold, and we would co-operation to the extent of helping to A 4 year size requires 2 1-8 yards of urge that members order through the dispose of all the books before the first 36 inch material. 1 5-8 yards of Local, if possible. To order through the of January. binding or banding is required for the Local it will enable j-^our Central Office finish as illustrated. Price 15c. to expedite orders, and save time and Increase in Membership 6300. Ladies' Dress. expenditure in postage. If not convenient You probably have noticed in the Cut in 8 Sizes: 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, to order through the Local, Central will October 15th issue of our paper the com- 48, 50 and 52 inches bust measure. be glad to fill orders direct. parative statement for the first nine A 44 inch size requires 3 7-8 yards One of the introductory pages is devoted months of 1927-1928, showing an increase of figured material and 1 3-8 yards of to a brief outline of achievements and of almost 400 over the first nine months plain material 35 inches wide. The aims of the U.F.W.A. The book con- of 1927. You are also no doubt aware width of the Dress at the lower edge sists principallv of recipes from members that your Provincial Executive are giving with fulness extended is 2 1-4 yards. F\o. of the U.F.W.A. Past and present .T pri/e to the Direeti.i' wlinse C'dnstitiiPnev Price 1 THE U. F. A. (816) 23 Seasonable Recipes BAKE YOUR OWN BREAD By AUNT CORDELIA Maple Nut Cake. 3-4 cup sweet milk, ROYAL 1-2 cup butter, 2 or 3 eggs, 2 1-4 cups flour, 1-4 teaspoon salt, 1 cup chopped walnuts, 1 1-2 cups brown sugar, 3 tea- spoons baking powder, 1 teaspoon maple flavoring. Sift flour once before measur- ing. Cream butter, add sugar gradually, then beaten egg yolks; add flour (sifted twice with baking powder) alternately STANDARD OF QUALITY FOR OVER 50 YEARS with milk; add flavoring, salt and nuts shghtly floured; lastly add egg whites HOME-BAKED BREAD IS BEST OFALL beaten stiff. Ice with sour cream icing. Sour Cream Icing. 2 cups sugar, 1 cup sour cream. Boil until it forms a soft ball; remove from fire and cool. When cool add 1-2 teaspoon maple flav- oring and beat until creamy. Add chopped nuts if preferred. — Mrs. Bessie Scott, Stavely. Doughnuts One cup of sugar, one of milk. Two eggs, beaten fine as silk. Salt and nutmeg, (lemon will do), Of baking powder teaspoons two; Lightly stir the flour in. Roll on pie board, not too thin; Cut in diamonds, twists or rings. Drop with care the doughnut things Into fat that briskly swells Evenly the spongy cells. Watch with care the time for turning; Fry them brown just short of burning. Roll in sugar, serve when cool. Price a quarter for this rule. — Mrs. Jennie Peters, Gwynne. India Relish. Three quarts green to- matoes (chopped). Cook in salt water until clear, then drain. Add one large onion (chopped) two cups vinegar, one cup white and one cup brown sugar, one heaping teaspoon celery seed, one teaspoon curry powder, one tablespoon mustard seed, six red peppers (chopped). Let all come to a boil, bottle and seal. WAPITI U.F.W.A. APPRECIATED Wapiti U.F.W.A. is "as much appre- ciated by our community as ever," writes Mrs. Norman Talbot, secretary. "We have just sent to the Department for a library." PARENTS ENTHUSIASTIC The clinic arranged by Avondale U.F. W.A. was held in Irma on October 15th and 16th, and the parents of the children cared for are very enthusiastic in their praise of the splendid work done, states Mrs. R. D. Alien, secretary of the Local. "Twenty-eight children underwent opera- tions, besides several minor treatments and dental work," she writes. "Mrs. Connelly and myself were appointed by our Local to go in while the clinic was here, and we feel that our Local did a splendid work in bringing aid to these children. I feel sure that 28 of those little ones in this vicinity are in a better ASSOCIATED GROWERS condition to go on in school. l3r. Wash- BRITISH jkgpd burn and Dr. McConiche gained the («^«) THE U. F. A. Move III tjer iHt, lV2f* Febraary— Social ETening. — Valentine Social. (Sleigh-ride or Box Social). Dance. U. F. A, Junior Activities March—Economic Night.— Invite out- sjde speaker to address Local on CJo-opera- Watchword: SERVICE A/o Ave those who are Properly Fed CHILDREN who are brightest at school are those who are properly fed. The body must be nour- ished and full of energy if the brain is to be alert. is the child's most important meal. It is the Get This Breakfast meal which starts bodily and mental activity for the day. Pretty China Physicians, educators and public men are calling for A bit of high quality china better breakfasts for the children. They know that —such as you would buy for "best," is found in every during the four morning hours body and mind are most package of Quick Quaker heavily taxed with work or play. marked "Chinaware." Many women are making Don't handicap your children by improper or insuflScient up seta of these dishes. Get morning meals. Give them a sustaining breakfast. Serve " Chinaware" package and a Quick Quaker Oats every morning. feel the thrill of opening it and findiog one of these to get Quick Quaker. Each package pieces. Be sure always contains a coupon with which you can secure useful household and personal articles of genuine value. Quick Quaker Oats Cooks in ZYz to 5 minutes—^Tlie worId*s fastest coolcing cereal The Quaker Oats Company, Peterboroug-h and Saskatoon 177 You never need to apologize for your baking if you use Qualier Flour f Always the Same Bread, cake and pies turn out perfect every time. 439 Your money back if Quaker Flour does not giveyou complete satisfaction ! 2() (8 IS) THE U. F. A. November IhI, 1928 as possible, when shall definitely soon we ssell, Empress, 7.50: F. R. McDona^*!, 575: C. R. Bohannon, Acadia Valley, 355; announce the essays, poems and novels Bindloss 390; M. Saddy, Wardlow, 300; J. G. Steed, Strathmore, 380; G. tl. An- chosen. A. A. Larscn, Standard, 400; W. R. derson, Standard, 30(); C. Bruggeman, We are also ready to receive enrolments Sulzle. Rockvford 300; Emil Schielke, Rockvford, 470; Emii Cammaert, Rofky- for first reading course. the Sibbald, 300; Ha! vorsen Bros., Alsask, ford, .360; H. G. Campbell, Rosebud, 400. The books for the second course will Sask., 1000- \\ illiam Vanderberg, Chinook James Glenn, Alsask, Sask., 310; W. H. probably cost just about the same as 400; J. C. ITicKlc. liose Lvnn, 400; E. L. Baker, Benton, 300; J. M. Tate, Benton, the first. also those for They may be & F. S. McC;andless, Watts, 400. 340: A. Peterson, Chinook, 300; A. A. if necessary, the borrowed, from Open John Rrinson, Three Hills, 700; Noah Mohl, Hanna, 300; W. H. Giltner, Hanna, Shelf Library. Gerber, Mavton, 300; C. W. Morgan, 300; J. R. Boon, Delia, 300; M. A. Killam, 340; M. C. Verburg, Coutts, 350; Wuebbenherst, Craigmvle, 680; C. B. Oscar KEEP THE TRUST Wallmann, Foremost, 320; E. Morton, Stettler, 510; P. Oxametny, Beswick, .Ashland, Oregon, 400; A. L. Kirriemuir, 500; H. D. Goodman, Ilayter, (Continued from page 19) Campbell, Coaldale, 450; Fred A. Carley, 300; F. T. Price, Provost, 300: George similar to those in use last year and will, Taber, 380; G. E. Thomas, Bow Island, Thompson, Hayter, 320; H. Wady, Bul- be issued from head office as heretofore, 320; Robert Fairbairn, Bow Island, 300; wark, 320; J. A. Grower, Coronation, 480; on ajiplication of the grower, and the Thomas Wright, Iron Springs, 473; Harry Tom Colville, Killam, 300; F. J. Wesley, grower will, as in the past, be required to Hubbard, Lethbridge, 350; H. H. (Jordon, Strome, 460; Ben F.Kennedy, Killam, 300; send in a report of sales, a blank form Claresholm, A. FofonofT, 525; Vulcan, 800; F. C. Clark, Nev/ Westminster, B.( ., is to the permit. for which attached E. A. Elston, En.sign, 300; L. E. Elston, 350; Ernest Belzill, Owlseye, 350; H. G. This siiould be clearly understood by Ensign, 300; C. A. Detter, Arrowwood, Curlett, Westlock, 450 acres. all. Every reasonable Pool member real- izes the danger of breaches of contract becoming commonplace, and' with the new sign-up the practice should be elim- inated. Prof. During the past crop year a number of Fay Writes of Wheat Pool contract breakers contributed a consid- erable sum in penalties to the Pool. In Impressions future it is the intention to give publicity C. to any breaches of contract following R. Fay, M.A., D.Sc, Professor of social invention of their own making, settlement. Such members do not de- Economic History, University of Toronto, forced upon them by their need and too serve being shielded from the scorn of attended the Alberta Institute of Co-opera- good to part with in these better times. their fellow-members. tion held in Edmonton last June. His There are strong pool opponents, but the address and contributions to the discus- majority of o non-members are the doubter sions aroused the keenest interest of the or the extra-smart or those who feel a BETTER PRICE SENTIMENT audience and the professor was a popular loyalty to the older co-operative way. personality with all. In view of his wide The Modern Miller, Chicago. Canada — knowledge of the co-operative movement Pool Idea Is Popular is piling up a big visible, but the Pool will and his acquaintanceship with Alberta Probably most of us have tried to not press wheat on an unwilling market. people, the following article in the English imagine how we should greet the appear- The holders of wheat have wheat to sell, Nation, by Prof. Fay, on "The Canadian ance of a new religion. If we imagine a but not to sacrifice. Another factor in Wheat Pool and the Farmer" will be of personal leader we are quickly brought the situation is tlie dry seeding in the general interest: to the ludicrous. For he would surely belt generally and a de- winter wheat be victimized by publicity, snapshotted crease in acreage seeded in soft wheat Prof. Fay's Article and written up, reviled if he would not territory. These are things which give I wrj.te this on Lake Sicamous, B.C., grant interviews and sign a contract to stability to the price situation. after spending a week at the first some meeting enter Hollywood. Happily an idea can- Restored confidence on the part of of the Alberta Institute of Co-operation. not be vulgarized thus. Some saw reli- buyers should and will relieve the tension The Government of Alberta decided in gion in the attitude of Soviet Russia in respect to shipping directions. With this way to use a portion of the undistri- towards capitalism, though it was far winter coming on, enlarged flour buying is buted funds of the war and post-war from a religion of love. But quite pro- a natural consequence, making due allow-- Dominion Wheat Board. Every phase perly the word can be applied to the ance for the heavy forward selling to of co-operation was discussed. The gen- atmosphere which is uniting the Canadian large bakers at harvest time. eral meeting was addressed bj' officers West today in its new co-operative en- factor which some deem is significant in the movement as well as by A academic deavor. The movement has the faith, is the recent report of crop shortage in experts whom one speaker well defined the drive, and, let us freely grant, the Russia and none too abundant flour stocks as "ordinary men away from home." verbal exaggerations of a vital religion. in Europe, due to the restricted buying There was a women's section, and a It is the mould in which the farmer is in the face of the North American har- strongly attended school of juniors under casting the economic problems which vests. Altogether there is a better feeling separate direction. present themselves all along the line. in respect to the price situation. There is no such thing as breaking It is pool this and pool that. We have to economic Berlin. through an The Pool, coarse grain pools, cattle pools, dairy five years old, has not defied now the laws pools, egg and poultrj' pools; and, as of supply and demand, nor has it brought experience is showing, these applications Recent Large Acreage Contract Nevertheless, it is millennium. an epoch- of the wheat pool idea require adaptation al step towards the rationalization of Signers to the commoditj' if they are to succeed. Agriculture. W^hile it gains nothing from But common to all are the contract to Sebille, Island, hyperbolae of suspicion Wm. Bow 530 acres; the or praise deliver, complete producer-control and Mrs. C. M. Moore, Seven Persons, which it has received in some, quarters, it 800; distribution of returns in proportion to A. C. Willner, Los Angeles, California, rejoices of its momentous effect on the deliveries. There is no restrictive mem- 300; P. C. Le Due, Milk River, of the Canadian West. 300; morale Where in bership or constitution by capital holding. A. E. Fanset & Son, Maybutt, 500; 1923 groups of farmers all over the Alvin Nelson, Glenwood, 300; Homer prairies were talking revolution, debt Why They Join .Jenkins, Bow Island, 410; A. F. Vasselin, adjustment, or moratorium, now they are I have just completed a run through Bow Island, 325; E. E. Allen, Bow Island, talking Pool. It is a voluntary organiza- one small part of each Province, meeting 300; Yves Morice, Bow Island, 350; H. tion of their ow'n creation. State-com- Pool committee men, soldier settlers, and & Y. Konynenbelt, Nobleford, 320; Hans pelled marketing might have registered new settlers. "The Pool has been our Norjord, Stavely, 400; Robert Irwin, equal material success, but its spiritual salvation; I guess it was that or nothing." Brant, 370; Wilm Renn, Gladvs, 700; value would have been slight. The "Oh yes" (this from a bit of a cynic), R. F. Dye, Langdon, 300; A. E. Landels, Pool's emphasis on the non-material side "everyone's in the pool; it's the fashion." Naco, 315; Wm. Fahl, Hanna, 300; H. S. is incessant and utterlj- sincere. Men The newlj' arrived British family —and Quaschnick, Hanna, 300; Jacob Bassler, and women will drive for miles on a the First Three Thousand merit a book Scapa, 300; N. G. A. Kellgren, Craigmvle, winter's night, when the thermometer is from Ian Hay as richly as Kitchener's 300; H. L. Taggart, Olds, 350; Forbes 30 to 50 degrees below zero, to assist at First Army—will tell you why they Finlay.son, Killam, 350; P. L. Williams, a meeting by which personally they will joined. "We practically had the same Strome, 300; Carl Boquist, Viking, 360; benefit nothing. They do not try to thing at home" (Yorkshire was speaking John Thielen, Allerston, 380; G. W. "sell" it by appeal to self-interest; for it in this case); "my wife used to buy every- F'ellger, Magrath, 300; E. M. Ririe, is against the economics in which high- thing she could from the co-operative Magrath, 100; F. E. Strong, Mavbutt, pressure salesmanship so prominently store." To old timers and new arrivals, 500; F. J. Henderson, Bow Island, 350; figures that they are in strong revolt. The to English-speaking and to "new" Cana- Jonas Untinen, Carmangay, 300; Glen farmers as a bod3' react to it as to a dians, the Pool is community life on its November 1st, 1928 THE U. F. A. (819) 27 economic side. Bankers are practical men, and they testify to its steadying effect. For by this device of periodic payments it has brought the farmer within sight of a cash basis. These pay- $1000* Cash Prizes ments are the milk-cheque of the wheat farmer. No co-operative succeeds unless Bub the housewife is in support; and her particular loyalty is the egg pool with its little extras, to which Adam Smith in his day paid homage. Proposals Freely Fathered The Pool goes back to the farm and forward to the trade consumer, to the miller in to the miller of import- 4 Canada, ing houses in Great Britain and Europe. Proposals for extension activities are free- T4 ly fathered on it. It should finance co- operative supply, facilitate the operation of rural credits, set up flour mills, sell direct to co-operative stores. But it contemplates none of these things. The British Co-operative Wholesale So- cieties half a century ago were invited to spread themselves in this same way and wisely declined. For organization and accounting each Province has its own Pool, but all sales are conducted through, and are entirely in the hands of, the Cen- tral Sales Agency, the keypin of the whole, with headquarters at Winnipeg and a Western Sales branch at Calgary. The Alberta crop, which is exceptionally high this year, moves through Vancouver. The Pool is marketing rather more than 50 per cent, of the 1927 crop; and it has paid special attention to the development of the Oriental market, having perhaps 80 per cent of this trade at the moment^ Mart -cutcL'^^ The Elevator Situation Integrated wheat marketing involves Find Handsome's Twin handling as well as selling; and handling involves local and terminal elevators, $1,000 Cash In Prizes Nothing to Sell which clean the grain in addition to trans- ist Prize $500 Cash YOtr WILL POSITIVELY NOT BE ASKED ferring and storing it. When the Pool TO SELL ANYTHING FOR US in order to 2nd " S150 " began to operate in 1923-24 they owned " win any of the Big Cash Prizes offered above. 3rd « we receive your entry, we will advise no elevators. They used those of the $75 When 4th « $25 " you of the number of points |you have line elevator companies and the two large gained to make a small pur- Prizes $10 each " and ask you co-operative organizations, the United 5 $50 chase from our catalog to qualify. YOU DO 10 Prizes $ each " ANY- Grain Growers (U.G.G.), which operated 5 $50 NOT OBLIGATE YOURSELF TO DO 75 Prizes $ 2 each $150 " THING FOR US BY SENDING IN AN mainly in Alberta and Manitoba, and the ANSWER TO THIS PUZZLE. Saskatchewan Co-operative Elevator Company, which was confined to Saskat- Rules of Contest chewan Pool in 1927. The former, which GIVEN 1. Use sharp lead pencil. Write the name of the dog you think is handles supplies as well as grain, remains Every contestant who qualifies Handsome's twin in the proper aloof, despite efforts to secure amalga- WILL BE GIVEN samples of place on the coupon. mation; and unhappily at local points our merchandise valued from 2. Write your name and address in they are rivals for custom as well as for 50C. to $2.00. co-operative loyalty. It is very urgent lead pencil on the coupon. Say that the virtual warfare between them if Mr., Mrs. or Miss. should cease. The growth of the U.G.G. How to Win 3. Cut advertisement out on dotted at the expense of the Pool would rejoice line and send it to us. the grain trade; and throw co-operation Two of the dogs pictured above are 4. Be neat; remember, in case of a exactly alike. is tie, neatness will be considered back for a generation. But if the Pool HANDSOME one of puzzle is to his prizes. continues to grow until its growth is at them. The find in awarding the expense of the U.G.G., the old guard, twin— the dog marked exactly the 5. Employees of Atlantic Mills and same Handsome. Six of the relatives are barred which fought the first battle of co-opera- as dogs their from tion and consolidated the vantage-point have different markings; one of this Contest. them, Handsome (the big in 6. entry will accepted from which the Pools have stepped off, dog Only one be the middle) Other are may see the dwindling of their former and One Dog from a household. marked exactly the same. Look for Address entries to The Puzzle owned assets. I found at many places 7. markings only on Ears, Eyes, Crown Atlantic Mills, Welling- a regret, sometimes amounting to bewil- Man, 145 derment, that headquarters should be of Head, Tail and Front Legs. ton St. W., Toronto 2, Ont. unable to reach agreement on the same lines as Saskatchewan. "The Pool needs The name of Handsome's twin is . competition," say the U.G.G., but this philosophy is a hold-over from the My name is economics of competition. The Pool has the dynamics of the co-operative move- Street or Box No ment in its keeping. If to some people its enthusiasm has savoured of arrogance, Town Province let them ask whether this is not true of all Write name and address plainly in lead pencil, state whether, Mr. Mrs. or Miss. new social growth. The same thing has in Britain in the been experienced Co- Name of this Newspaper is perative Store Movement and in Labor Politics. In Alberta the United Farm- ers (U.F.A.), a non-commercial organi- 145 Wellmgton St. W ATLANTIC MILLS Toronto 2, Ontario zation, are the driving force in Pool senti- ment; they are the Labor Party of the 28 (820) THE U. F. A. November Ist, 1928 working farmer. And equally in the more wheat land passes out of its virgin con- conservatively minded Manitoba the dition the menace of weeds grows. Better A Special Buy for common will calls for a solution that will cultivation and pure seed are the correr- not hurt the moral or financial standing tives. The Saskatchewan Pool, when of the Pool. making its interim payment before seed- Mail Orders, Only Three Advantages Secured ing time, encloses with the cheque the circular of the registered growers of pure The Pool secures three advantaKes by seed. Thus, as Sir Horace Plunkett has Send us a money order for $8.75 and the operation of elevators. (1) If co- taught for a generation, better businect- we will mail you a 1 5-Jewel Special operation is centred on price only, it will aids better farming. These are techniciil Wrist Watch with our name stamped grow faint when prices fall. The local points, but they are points which thous- on it as a guarantee. elevator is a vi.sible symbol of co-opera- ands of men, women, and children art- ive effort in a great wide land where the studying and discussing in Canada today. cases are The green or white gold elevator mark.s from afar tht; location of The understanding of technique is n filled, silk strap. The watch is worth the village or little town. Success in this stimulus to loyalty and a mighty correc- $12.00. Money back if not well department of grain handling depends tive to vague complaint. l>ut the grower satisfied. largely on a good understanding between has an equally keen intert-st in price. the elevator manager and the members; What irritated him under the old system to maintain it is an important part of the was the feeling that while he toiled, CHAUNCEY The Jeweler work of the local pool committee. (2) By others speculated with the fruits of his the operation of local and terminal ele- toil. Now he feels that his organization 116 8th AVE. EAST vators the pool strengthens greatly the is doing its best for him. And that it selling power of the Central Agency. can do better for him than the outside "CALGARY'S WATCH HOUSE" Pool wheat will not now be the last to merchant, if he will but stay by it, \- arrive when premiums are obtainable at certain. For he was an amateur selling the shipping point. The Pool members to experts; he could not possibly know have volume behind them, and with this when to sell. This worried the stead> they can insure that the operation v ill be men and irritated the venturesome intci Wpy Down in Nov^ S^ot?a profitable in itself. The terminal earn- si)eculation on the futures market, wher« ings from mi.xing, "overages," sales of he was nearly always a bull. The Cana- Porl Bevis. Vict. Co., Nova Scotia. screenings, etc., are returned to Pool dian West calls for venture, but then- The Commercial Life Assurance Co., members in proportion to deliveries. are real risks enough in frost, drought, Edmonton, Alta. (S) Clean grain saves unnecessary freight hail, and pests; and to add further t<. Dear Sirs: charges, and having volume the Pools them promotes instability, which swells I wish to express my appreciation of can instal the best cleaning machinery the cityward drift and the flow across the the promptness of your Company in in their local elevators. As Canada's international boundary. mailing your cheque for $1,000 in pay- ment of the claim on my late son's policy. Your Company is to be congratulated on the service which it is extending to Progressive Pool Farmer its policyholders, and if I can do any- thing for your Company at any time The Alberta Wheat Pool numbers barns and worked in a thoroughly modern I will be glad to do so. among its membership a very large num- manner. Yours very truly, ber of the most progressive and enter- When Mr. and Mrs. Wattie took up Mrs. MacMILLAN. J. prising farmers in this Province. One of their land they were 28 miles from the its members is Alex M. Wattie, who lives post office at Hardisty. The oxen with in the Eastervale district, nine miles from which they worked their land bad to be Hughenden. Th* Alberia Fnrm .Journnl u.sed to go to town, consequently trips rerentlj' published h short article relating were made very infrequently. At one the experiences of Mr. and Mrs. Wattie time it was five months before they could and family during the 23 years they have get to town. Long since the ox team was lived at Eastervale. discarded and new farm equipment and The Wattie family settled on their pres- power machinery took their place. The ent location in 1905 —the year the Prov- modern house which is shown in the ac- ince of Alberta was formed. They came companying illustration was erected ten direct from their old home at Barrie, years ago and has been fitted with every Styled'OnFifth-Asfe Ontario. It was on Faster morning when modern convenience, including light and Mr. Wattie pitched his tent on his home- water plant, fireplace and radio. Built TIES RAY BIG stead. To this coincidence can be attri- on the top of the southern hill of the buted the name of the district —Easter- winding coulee, this home commands a You Can Make $90 a Week vale. Today the Wattie home is a fine wonderful view of the farm. Mr, Wattie with this great line—the best paying full structure and is a farm equipped with fine crops about 400 acres. time or soare time proposition in the country! Beautiful patterns, sturdy long wearing fabrics at factory prices sell on sight to men and women. Collect liberal commissions in advance- Writefor big new FREE selling oiitfit today." Start Misunderstanding Cleared Up earning big money immediately. Public Service Mills of Canada, Ltd. "When the Wheat Pools of Canada representatives of English and Scottish 1 1 0 Dundas St.. London. Ont. sprang into existence and flourished exu- Wholesale Societies, present by special berantl}' in a year or two, there w'ere many invitation, have been received not as sincere workers for Consumers' Co- customers, but as brothers in Co-opera- operation who saw in the new Pools only tion; and so far as words can bind a great Stop Using a Truss co-operative marketing machinery with- organization, the speeches at the Wheat out co-operative spirit," says The Man- Pool Conference commit the Pool to defi- STC ttRTS'S ADHESIF PLAPAO- co-operative responsibilities PADS are surprisingly different chester (England) Co-operalive Review. nite in the from file truss—being mechanico- "There was talk (principally among con- international field. ^ chemico applicators — made self- j sumers' representatives) of the possibility / adhesive purposely to keep the "The visit of H. J. May, the Secretary muBcle-tonic •'PLAPAO" applied of 'holding the consumers to ransom,' of the International Co-operative Alliance, \ continuously to the affected parts, and to minimize painful friction Wheat Pools grew in bodj' so swiftly that was another link of co-operative effort in anddangerousBlippiiie > . No straps, some feared that a soul had been omitted bucliles or spring attached. For the old and new worlds. So shrewd and almost a quarter of a century from co-operative marketing. The co- experienced a judge as Mr. May speaks satisfiedthousandareportsuccesa Iwanled . not conscientiously Awarded Gold Medal and Grand Awaileil operator, who could convincingly and reassuringly of the Gold— . Medal Pnx. Soft as velvet easy to ap- Grand Pril back the old speculator-middleman, was reality of the word 'Co-operative' in the piy-lnoj>penslve. No delay from work. Prc-ess of recover* » '"""i. Trial very unhappy in his doubts concerning Co-operative Pool. The spirit •f?.°'S'.^?.r?,^;'''^??'!''"' rr\r^ Wheat of PLAPAO will be sent to you absolutely t 11 1 L the Wnte your name on coupon the new organization of Canadian Rochdale may be found in organizations and send TODAY I H L L farmers. very unlike the Rochdale model to out- rUPAO CO., 76 Stuart Bldg., St. Loni*. Ho. Towards the Alliance ward seeming, "The Pegina Congress has cleared up "We do not doubt that before many many misunderstantJings and dissipated more congresses —perhaps even before the much iSUspicioD. In the first place, the next International Congress—we shall see — November Ist, 1928 THE U. F. A. (831) 29 in the co-operative wheat producers rec- back of some 300 million bushels of United States wheat is another outstand- ognized members of an all-embracing Save Labor - Cut Costs International Co-operative Alliance. Such ing feature of the present world posifion. an addition to the Alliance will be an Other striking features are the huge sup- WITH THIS SMALL ECKARDT event of world significance. plies and increasing stocks in the United States and Canada; the excellent pros- Between Pit and Pool pects of the new crop of Argentina; the GRAIN LOADER "Ci-operators who have watched the large takings of defioiencj- countries in the official press of the Pool farmers of Canada first two months of the current season; Strongly built and more have found therein a real democratic the extraordinary persistence of droughty efficient, this improved outlook, a true co-operative spirit, and weather in several important producing grain loader is constructed no antagonism to the reasonable rignts of regions, these including United States, to meet all demands for consumers. Realization of the idfimate South Russia, India, the Balkans and power of the co-operative consumer to France —in the two last mentioned, how- handling grain on the change the avenue of trade when prices ever, rain has now fallen, and Pussia also farm. Capacity 10 to 25 or conditions become onerous has, we feel, reports that good rains have fallen. Aus- bushels per minute. little to do with the 'entente' cordiality tralia has had droughty conditions, but displayed towards the consumers' repre- light to substantial rains fell at the week- sentatives at Regina. end. "The Canadian farmer does not suffer "The dominance of Canada and the from the traditional prejudices of the Canadian Farmers' Pool is bound to be a British farmer, but has instead a tradition firming influence, because these sellers, as of progressive and radical views. Cer- good business organizations, will do their tainly the Canadian farmer entertains a utmost to obtain the highest prices pos- greater respect and affection for the ulti- sible; and it need not be said that the mate consumer than he does for the wheat attitude of Canadian sellers is greatly 'operators' of Winnipeg whose gambling strengthened by the United States holding operations, margins, futures, and other policy and the knowledge that Southern vagaries filled the workers and farmers Hemisphere supplies now have no great A SIZE FOR EVERY NEED with mistrust of the one-sided manipula- weight." tions of the competitive system. Similar- Call and see it or write. ly the co-operative wheat consumer must WHEAT POOL SITS TIGHT sympathize with the producer who wishes Northern Machinery Co. Ltd. to have a voice in his own destiny. The "Some people seem to think, the ad- alternatives are the Wheat Pit of Winni- vance of last Friday was due solely to 613-615 Ei NEWS FROM ALBERTA DAIRY POOL HEAD OFFICE Official Information for Members of the Alberta Co-operative Dairy Producers, Lt^^. assets are taken care of by the reserve Cream Prices'--Here Are the Facts standing in the name of the association. Divided Into Locals Calgary District Milk Producers' Assn. Paid Average Surplus of Three Cents per Pound The association is divided into units Butter-fat, Over Regular Prices, During Period of Seventeen Months. known as locals. There are fifty of these local units, and while they are not a legal d.ated of In a circular September 28th, stead asking: "Who is going to pav part of tlie organization, they are an issued by Campbell & Griffin, CalRary. back the $100,000?" important working part. These locals direct reference was made to prices paid The old style of advertising, "We want nominate the directors who are voted Ltd. by The Southern Alberta Dairy Pool your cream, we give you a square deal; upon at the annual meeting. The fifty Here are the fads: we always pay the highest price," appeals directors then select from among their Campbell & Criffin, Ltd., operated for to co-operators no longer. number five officers who constitute the the Provincial Dairy Pool during 1926-27, As soon as the organization of the Al- executive committee. The executive com- and never paid one cent surplus to any berta Dairy Pool was announced in Sep- mittee hires the manager. member of the Pool. The Calgary Dis- tember this year, some creamery con- All new members joining the associa- trict Dairy I'roducers' Association operat- cerns felt their bread and butter ticket tion are required to take one share of ed from April 4th, 1927 to September 1st, endangered; up went cream prices, in stock for each four cows owned. Stock 1928, paid the same price for cream as its some cases as nigh as Oc per lb. although certificates are not sent out until the competitons, and in addition the Calgary the wholesale butter jjrices did not ad- total amount subscribed for is paid, but District Dairy Producers' Association has vance. This advance in cream prices interest starts as soon as $50 is paid up. paid an average surplus of three cents per was not love of the dairy producers, but The present interest rate on stock is lb. butter-fat, over the regular price. it was simply love and self-preservation for 7 per cent. This proves that the Association, not for the competitive creamery owners, which Contract Self Renewing a few days, but for 17 months, has paid was amply proven by the fact that cream The contract signed by the member is 3c per lb. more for butter-fat than was prices were again reduced, still without self-renewing, but may be cancelled by maintained in the regular price. any change in the butter market at that giving thirty days notice before June Ist In a bulletin dated August 1.3th, issued time. of any year. Only fifteen contracts were by P. Burns Co. Ltd., (hey claim the By reading the weekly ads. in the cancelled during the past three years. Provincial Pool was indebted to the Calgnri! Herald each Friday, you will It is stated that only by having contracts company and other companies, ((^ampbell often see butter being quoted at several with the members can the association & (Griffin Ltd., included), to the extent of cents per lb. below cream prices. Any enter into a contract with the distributors. more than .flOO.OOO, because cream prices person with a little common sense will were too high, yet they paid at least 3c want to know, "How much does the The association has two pools, the milk per lb. butter-fat less than the Calgary store-keeper pay the creamery for this pool and the cream pool. The milk de- Association did, and what about the butter?" hvered by members is paid for on the nine weeks in 1928, from July 5th to It is poor business to pay more for same basis, based on delivery to Twin prices September 6th, when Alberta a commodity than it is worth at cer- City Milk Producers, regardless of what averaged 3.3c per lb. butter-fat higher tain times, and then at fiush pro- is done with it. At outlying points cream than Saskatchewan prices? Campbell & duction pay less than the commodity is delivered and made into butter or sold Griffin and the others must have lost quite is worth, in order to make up past for table cream. The profits are pooled a bit more then. losses. and returned to the members shipping cream only. These are the essential Gift to Companies from Patrons The object of the Dairy Pool is to points in connection with the Twin City stabilize prices and at all times pay a Now, when you consider that these Milk Producers' Association. price consistent the wholesale butter companies paid 3c per lb. less than the with It might be pointed out that the Twin Calgary Association did for 17 months, City organization and the Land O'Lakes the companies should thank their patrons, THE SOUTHERN ALBERTA organization cover the same territory, and be very grateful to them for this DAIRY POOL LTD., but there is the closest co-operation be- magnificent gift of 3c per lb. on the 533 11th Ave. West, tween the two. The Twin City organi- quantity they received from them, in- Calgary, Alberta. zation is primarily a fluid milk organiza- tion, while the Land O'Lakes is confining its work largely to the marketing of butter. It is interesting to note that the Twin Types of Co-operative Creameries City Milk Producers' Association, which manufactures butter at several of its country points, has a contract with the By J. RUSSELL LOVE Land O'Lakes Association to market its Let us now examine a representative 96 creameries and cheese plants of which butter through the larger organization. of the centralized type. The Twin City 15 are owned by the Twin City Milk Milk Producers' Association of St. Paul Producers' association. All members re- A Nebraska Association and Minneapolis is a centralized organi- ceive the same price for their milk. The An outstanding example of a successful zation having a contract direct from the members receive payments for their milk co-operative centralizer is the Farmers' producer to the central association. Its and cream once a month, but if necessary Equity Co-operative Creamery Associa- primary purpose is the marketing of the one advance at the middle of the month tion of Orleans, Nebraska. This organi- fluid milk of its members. This is done may be made. In the tw^o cities of St. zation commenced operations in 1917 with on a bargaining basis, the milk being sold Paul and Minneapolis it is estimated that an output of 384,000 lbs. of butter. This to the distributors at a fixed price. How^- 85 per cent of the fluid milk distributed is centralizer has grown at the, rate of ever, the distributors only take 38| per bought from the Twin City Milk Produc- 300,000 lbs. per vear, and now has a cent of the milk delivered to the associa- ers' Association. Contracts are entered yearly output of over 3,000,000 lbs. of tion by its members. The association, into w'ith distributors and ice cream man- butter. It is a capital stock association therefore, must take care of this huge ufacturers. An extensive advertising pro- with shares valued at $100. There are surplus. For some time the association gram is carried on. Milk is sold to the no contracts between the producer and operated through the use of rented plants. school children during recess at three the creamery association. However, a However, it was soon found necessary cents per half pint. There are 7,000 mem- clause in the bj'-laws of the association to buy or build its own plants. Today bers in the association, which owns states that no profits shall be distributed the Twin City Milk Producers' Associa- $1,175,000 worth of property free from to any patron until he has become the tion manufactures butter, casein, cheese, debt. owner of one fully paid-up share in the ice cream and powdered milk. The members sign for stock in the association. association at $50 per share and agree to In cases where the association deals T-viin City Association have a deduction of 5 per cent made for with a local Farmers' Equity Union. This association serves a district ex- the purpose of paving for the stock sub- $2,000 is held back from the profits earnea tending over a radius of forty miles from scribed. There is" today $800,000 worth by the members of each Union, for which the "Twin Cities. Within this area are of paid up stock. The balance of the the Union is issued shares to the extent November 1st, 1928 THE U. F. A. (S23) ;.n of $2,000 as soon as fully paid up through the cumulative profits of its members. This association has today through this HEBCO Wind Electric— No Engine required. means $110,000 of capital stock fully paid The plant that has solved No Fuel to buy. up. Interest at the rate of 3 per cent is the farm light and power Entirely automatic. allowed on capital stock. problem. In use by many Built of best materials. The association operates through cream prominent members of U. buying stations which are established in F. A. Also U.S. and British Lasts a life time. the three states of Colorado, Nebraska Governments. Fully guaranteed. and Kansas. Cream is received up to a distance of five hundred miles. Within this territory there is very keen compe- tition between the Orleans association and private independent centralizers. No Grading System The patrons are paid daily for each can of cream. This is similar to the system operating in Alberta. However, there is neither a grading law nor an unfair discrimination law^ in the state of Nebraska. Therefore, prices paid vary in different localities on the same day, depending on the competition that the association must meet. Since there is no grading system the same price is paid for all grades of cream. After it is re- ceived by the association it is graded for churning purposes. The express and other costs of deliver- AN ABUNDANCE OF POWER BY DAY — A FLOOD OF BRILLIANT LIGHT BY NIGHT ing cream to the association are pooled. The average cost of gathering cream in Send for Free Illustrated Literature. the case of the Orleans association is Alberta Distributors: THORKELSON & ANDERSON l^c per lb. One-half of the total volume 122-llth AVENUE WEST Phone M3711 CALGARY, ALBERTA. received is delivered during the months of May, June, July and August. It may again be noted that this is similar to the condition that exists in Alberta. The price paid to the producer for cream last year was 40.14c per lb. butter fat and the price received for butter sold was 38.1c per lb. The average over run for the year was 22.22 per cent. It might be noted that this co-operative centralizer carries on its system of operation along When you select your Diamond Ring at Birks, you have methods that are common to the inde- the choice of perfect stones in every size and in a variety of pendent centralizer type. The difference is that the profits earned by the Orleans the newest styles of mountings. association, which no doubt indicate the profits earned by independent centralizers, Quantity buying for nine large stores throughout are returned to the members provided they Canada enables us to give better value than a smaller each have become owners of one fully organization could. paid-up share in the association. A California Type Diamond Engagement Rings from $25.00 up. In California we have another example of a very successful federated creamery Send for Catalogue. organization in the "Challenge Cream and Butter Association of California" with headquarters at Los Angeles. This asso- Henry Birks & Sons, Limited ciation is a federation of nine co-operative creamery associations and one egg pro- Diamond Merchants ducers' association. The creamery asso- CALGARY. Alta. ciations, some of which operate branches, are churning at ten points in California OPTICAL DEPARTMENT and five in Idaho. The combined mem- CONSULT OUR bership of these associations is approxi- mately 15,000. Unlike the Land O'Lakes organization these creameries operate under quite different conditions and cir- cumstances. They are more of a cen- tralizer type serving very wide areas. Besides butter, the Challenge organiza- tion markets eggs, cheese, sweet cream, plain and sweetened condensed milk, and Ship Your Grain powdered milk. This organization com- menced operations on January 2nd, 1911, TO with two small co-operative creamery members, four employees and a one horse dray-wagon. Today it distributes over 50 per cent of the butter consumed in and around Los Angeles and also operates UNITED GRAIN GROWERS LTD. flourishing plants in San Francisco and San Diego. The total sales of butter average close to 30,000 lbs. for each busi- BANK OF HAMILTON CHAMBERS LOUGHEED BUILDING ness day of the year. Only two of the member creameries are WINNIPEG CALGARY operating on the contract basis so far as the producers are concerned. In both of Get the fullest possible protection these cases a contract is incorporated in the by-laws for which the producer is . ;12 (824) THE U. F. A. November Ist, 192^ signed up lor life, or so long as he is in and eggs, thereby making more contin- (h) Provided they are organized to the dairy bueinees. uous use of their buildings and cold stor- serve those districts — (i) Where dairy- Use Own System of Grading age equipment. ing is still considered as a temporary "2. of butter is pro- occupation; (ii) Where there is not There is no uniform method of paying A higher quality sufficient volume to warrant organizing the patrons. Some pay daily, some week- duced and marketed from the same qual- local co-operative creameries. ly and some monthly. There is no set ity of cream, due to: grading system in California. However, (o) More skilled buttermakers. 3. All co-operative creameries in Al- their berta should be federated for the purpose the Challenge Creameries pay (6) More modern equipment. patrons according to their own system of of creating an efficient centralized market- (c) More scientific methods, such grading. ing association. This has now been ac- as the neutralization of high acid cream, The producer receives for his butter- complished, in the creation of the Alberta and the use of "starters" for developing fat from one to three cents above the Co operative Dairy Pool, with the North- flavor. San Francisco market quotation for solids. ern, Central and Southern Alberta Pools (d) Careful grading of cream. as units. meet Ali;erta con- In California there is a production of ap- member To "3. proximately 55,500,000 lbs. of buttcrfat. More efficient merchandizing. ditions a centralized marketing organiza- There are 150 creameries in the state, of Supplies are purchased in carload lots, tion handling both dairy and poultry which sixteen are co-operatives. The and butter is shipped in carload lots, products similar to the Challenge Asso- so-called local creameries serve a radius therebj' getting the benefit of the lowest ciation of California would be most de- is of of thirty-five miles, while centralizers freight rates. The saving in railway sirable. There not sufficient volume operate within a radius of 150 miles. transportation charges on carlot shipments business in Western Canada's consuming An examination of these various types of butter to New York and Chicago as centres to warrant dairy and poultry of successful dairy co-oj)orativos indicates compared to less than carlot shipments products being marketed and distributed dearly that dairy conditions in any ;-anges from one-fifth of a cent a pound to by two separate co-operative marketing country arc a de(M(ling factor in determin- four-fifths of a cent a pound for central- organizations. A central marketing or- ing the type of organization that should izer creamery shipping points in North ganization at very little expense can be promoted. Dakota. An average saving of three- maintain separate pools for the proceeds fifths of a cent a pound amounts to $0,000 from the sale of butter, cheese, milk, In State of Iowa on 1,000,000 pounds of butter, an amount cream, eggs, turkeys and poultry. In Iowa, where dairy conditions are alone sufficient to pay 6 per cent on a o r similar to those of Minnesota, wp have SI 00,000 plant. flourishing local co-operative creameries. "4. Utilization of by-products. The I shoulil like to CjUote from a letter I District Dairy larger centralizers realize an income of at Calgary received from C. Beclitelheinier, secretary least lea gallon from buttermilk which is of the Iowa Creamery Secretaries' and Producers and Southern manufactured into a powder or a semi- Managers' Association, in which he makes solid and sold as feed for hops and chickens. the following statement: Alberta Dairy Pool At least one large centralizer firm has "Our association is refusing to recom- experimented with feeding hogs, as a mend to producers in any given area the A Highly Satisfactory Showing means of disposing of the buttermilk, and erection of a co-operative creamery, unless has also dried shells for chicken feed, they can find from 1,000 to 1,200 produc- Members of the Calgary District Dairy and made fertilizer from hen manure." ing cows within a radius of six to eight Producers' Association have received miles of the plant. The principal reason This bulletin further states that: coupons in payment of surplus earnings on cream shipped from January 1st, 1928, lor this stand in this section is that com- "An increase in buttcrfat production, petition with the large centralized cream- particularly during the winter months, and to September 1st, 1928. This surplus is at the rate of 3|c per lb. butter-fat. ( ries is so keen that it is difficult to main- the improvement in the quality of the During 1927, one cent per lb. butter- i;'in volume in the co-operative creamery, cream marketed, are favorable to the fat held as reserve, for which unless the co-operative can constantly local creameries. High efficiency cannot was back a received "Participation Cer- outpay the centralized creamery in a be obtained unlcs.s the annual production members a tificate." This reserve is now being dis- I'iven area, and the only way in which is about 200,000 pounds of buttcrfat, and tributed. Therefore Series "A" certifi- they can do this is to have a sufficient experience n Minnesota leads to the con- cate is cancelled, first chapter of volume within a reasonable distance of clusion that the successful local cream- and the operation of the Calgary District Dairy the plant, so they can properly supervise eries in the future must look toward the Producers' Association is brought to a the quality of cream delivered, and insure production of sweet cream butter, as this close. frequent delivery. is the kind that regularly brings a prem- April 4th, to September "Our co-operative creameries are suc- ium on Eastern markets. Successful local From 1927, 1st, 1928, the Association has paid mem- cessfully meeting the competition of the creamery operation is dependent upon bers the regular price for cream, and in centralizers, simply because we are able efficient management, sufficient volume, addition average surplus of 3c. per lb. to get a much better quality of cream, and favorable prices. Favorable prices an butter-fat, above the regular price paid. and therefore get more for our butter. are a result of superior grades of butter, It is not necessary to go out and shout, "In this state we do not recommend the which can only be produced from cream pay you the highest price for your type of organization such as they have at of high quality." "We surplus cheques speak Orleans, Nebraska, because that type of cream;" these cash Suitable Type for Alberta for themselves. The Association pays al! organization is not able to pay but very there is left, after working expenses are little more than the centralizers are now- In considering the tj'pe of co-operative paid. paying in this territory. However, with creamer.y organization most suited to Following the meeting on September conditions as they are in Nebraska, we Alberta's conditions the following points 1st, when the members of the Alberta certainly would recommend it, as I per- should receive serious consideration: Co-operative Dairy Pool residing in sonally know that the Orleans plant, and 1. Local co-operative creameries Southern Alberta, and the Calgary Asso- several others in Nebraska and South should only be encouraged where the ciation were amalgamated, the Pool is Dakota, are very successful." following conditions prevail: now operating under the name of The (a) Sufficient local volume to main- In North Dakota Southern Alberta Dairy Pool. The con- tain a local creamery on an economical tracts of the two concerns have been as- In no part of the United States are basis, i.e., a minimum of from 1000 to signed to The Southern Alberta Dairy dairy conditions more similar to those of 1200 producing cows. Pool Ltd., and as a manufacturing unit, Alberta than in the wheat growing state (b) The nature of the district should the latter becomes a member of the Al- of North Dakota. be such as will tend to make dairj-ing berta Dairy Pool, Ltd. It has been diflScult for Local Co-opera- a permanent rather than a temporary tive Creameries to operate in North Da- Selling Agency occupation. kota, where dairying is not a major in- The Alberta Dairy Pool, Ltd., will act dustry. (c) The people of the district should as a Central Selling Agency for all Pool In Bulletin 182, on "Marketing Dairy possess a co-operative spirit. No co- manufacturing units, and with a large Products," issued by the Agricultural operative should be organized in a volume of production being done under Experimental Station of North Dakota district where there is any degree of one roof, coupled with correct processing, -Agricultural College, the following advan- local friction and strife. Co-operative and orderly marketing, the product should tages are credited to Centralizers: success depends on the united action of bring more money. Through the proper "1. Lower overhead expense, due to the whole community. method of co-operation, members can large volume of business. "The important 2. Centralized co-operative creameries realise more money for their product, centralizers in North Dakota manufacture should be encouraged under the following without adding one cent to the cost of from 1.000,000 to over 5,000,000 pounds conditions: butter to the consumer. of butter. In addition to the manufacture (a) Provided they are situated at A very determined effort on the part of butter, many of them handle poultry transportation centres. of members, however, is absolutely e.ssen- November l«t, 1928 THE U. F. ,A. (825) 33 tial, if the best results are to be obtained. If members see to it that your manufac- turing plant is kept busy, by getting all the cream there is to be got, then our part is easy. When we have the cream, we can make the butter, and when we nave the butter, we can go out and sell it in the best markets, which is the source we rely on, whereby the surplus is obtained for members. Now do your part, get others to join your Association, and not only prove 100 per cent loyal yourselves, but see that all members remain true, and when this is done, you can rest assured that aO com- petition will survive against you. Send in for contracts, get others to join; it costs money to send a man out to tio this work, but you can do it without cost to yourself, and with profit to your Asso- ciation. The Calgary District Dairy Producers' Association. Per H. C. WALLIS, Secretary. Organization Meetings in Bow River To all Members in Bow River Federal Neighbourly Advice Constituency: have arranged a series of meetings We ' for Mr. Garland, M.P., Mr. Harvey SMOKE _ Hanson, U.F.A. Director for Bow River and myself, throughout the Constituency and request that you call and advertise a meeting for your Local. These meeting.^ vvill be impoitant from an organization standpoint, nnd we hop*^ OGDENS you will make an e.sp','( ial etTort to cull the meeting in good time and do all you CUT PLUG can to properly advertise it. It is very desirable that, if possilde, you ari-ange for some entertainment for the m r ing in the way of supper, box social, danci-, or some such aft.iir in order to attract as many people as possible. Besidps those mentioned as speakers we vvill try to have with us the Provincial member for your constituency. We feel that it is necess.ary to make a special etTort at this time toward buiMinu up the Bow River U.F.A. membersliip and hope you will make every effort to make these meetings a success. Trusting that we may depend upon your earnest co-operation in makin? the meeting successful for the Local and the Organization. A list of meetings follows: List of Meetings Ardenode — November 8, evening. Keonia — November 9, afccrnoon. Reiseker — November 9, evening. Two meetings to be arranged by Hart and the Secretary (Barker) of Carbon — November 10. (Hart's or to be arranged) — November 11, Sunday. Ostergaarde's, of Wayne — November 12, afternoon. Rosebud— November 12, evening. Baintree —November 13, afternoon. Nightingale —November 13, evening. Standard, November 14, afternoon. Chancellor—November 14, evening. Makepeace —November 15, afternoon. Hussar — November 15, evening. Convention at Bassano—November 16. Shouldice —November 17, afternoon. Milo —November 17, evening. (Glambeck's or Ward's) —Sunday after- noon, November 18. Lomond — November 19, afternoon. Midway — November 19, evening. Use the U.F.W.A. COOK BOOK Tra\ers — November 20, aftsruooH. For TRIED and Price 65c Enchant — November 20, evening. Carmangay, — November 22, afternoon. TESTED RECIPES- U.F.A. Central Office Calgary (Continued on page M) 34 (826) THE U. F. A. Nuveuibur 1st, 1928 Plainfield — November 22, eTening. the price of wheat. It is owing to this clearlv the farmers' economic position, Beid Hill — November 23, afternoon. fact that wheat production has become and the slogan, "To secure just relation Valley — evening. Sunnet November 23, more intensified and greater production of prices through selling efficiency," ii» HifihlanH — November 24, afternoon. is the result. In this process tne Pool, as misleading, because it cannot be at- Mayview — November 24, evening. well as the non-Pool farmers, have played tained under the present competitive Kirktiftle — November 26. a part, and for tfiat reason must share system, and for that reason will lead to Gleichen, November 27. some of the responsibility. Although the disappointment of the «-ontra(t-HignerB Pool endeavors to collect its own statistics and set back of the Pool movement; Yours faithfully, sujjply regarding the and demand of Therefore, be it resolved, that the H. W. LEONARD, wheat, the Covernments and other agen- Wheat Pool adopt an aggressive policy Tudor, Alta. Secretary-Treasurer. cies are gathering statistics also, and in the interest of the farmers, ana that what is more, broadcast to the world Marxian economics be adopt.ed as basis o their estimate of what the crop will be and guide in all dealings, and to in and the b!ivers naturally use this infor- the propaganda part icularlv stress the Predicts Scarcity of mation and govern themselves accord- nature and history of the class struggle ingly and the result is that wheat prices by outlining clearly how the farmers are Seed Oats drop because of over-supply. exploited under the present system, and Furthermore, there is nothing to prove to point out to them that the solution Commissioner Urges Farmers to Place or even indicate that the condition would lies in organizing strong enoui^h to Orders Nov With Local Elevator be any better under complete control by take control, but that complete victory Agents the Wheat Pool if it continues the present can only be gained by displacing capital- policy. We know the intention is to ism and in place thereof establishing a co-operative W. J. Stephen, Field Crops Commis- control the supply of wheat in accordance system of production and sioner for Alberta, writes: with demand. But under present con- exchange for use, instead of for profit, "It is felt that tnere will be a scarcity ditions it can't be done. The farmers as a under farmers' and workers' control. of seed oats in many districts of Alberta class are financially embarrassed. The Now, fellow farmers and contract- for next aprinp's seeding. We believe that chief reason given by farmers for not signers, give this resolution the considera- there is a surplus of oats that would make joining the Pool is: "I need all my money tion it merits and if in agreement with it seed in certain parts of the Province. at once." Furthermore, the creditors your active support. Many of these oats are being sought by have power to collect. Then too, the Yours for a stronger and more aggres- millers and others in other [)«irts of Canada present rapid introduction and adoption of sive Wheat Pool, and elsewhere. Unless something is done ever larger and more expensive machinery CARL AXELSON. will to this now, there irf almost certain to be a seed have a tendency increase Bingville, Alta. oats shortage before next spring. dependence. For while this broadening "We are endeavoring to obtain infor- out and speeding up process continues through securing new machines, the farm- mation now as to what districts will be New Plan to Prevent War seriously in need of seed oats and will be ers will be forced to pay ever and ever pleased to furnish yon later with this list. larger portions of their earnings to the industrial and the financial ca[>it8lista. Daniih General Has Device Which He "We are also asking the U. F.A., Wheat Thus too, they make worse their own con- Thinks Would Be Effectual Pool and other organizations to supply dition and chances to make a living at us with what information they can and farming, by lowering their own standard His Excellency Fritz Holm, G.C.G., encourage their members to place orders G.C.H.S. LL.D., D.C.L., a officer, of living, which all, in the last analysis, Danish now with their local elevator agents." of Copenhagen, is circulating through the is bound to lead to ever lower prices of world a new plan for abolishing war, wheat. What is true of wheat will be states true of other commodities. This shows the New York Nation. His projected law "the enactment, Correspondence clearly that the farmers' problems cannot be solved under the present competitive promulgation and enforcement of which system. will prevent war among nations," in General Holm's opinion, contains, THE WHEAT POOL For these reasons it is absolutely essen- among others "certain unique suggestions," as Editor, The U.F.A: tial to change the present policy and follows: I have previously, in articles and dis- propaganda of the Wheat Pool. From The following measures shall within cussions, pointed out some defects in our purely marketing institutions the Pools ten hours after the beginning hostilities Alberta Wheat Pool propaganda. Late must be changed to organs of struggle for of or the formal declaration of war be carried events have proven the correctness of the the interest and rights of the producers. into effect, to wit: there shall be con- view expressed. Therefore, it is high It won't do to any longer follow the scripted as simple soldiers or simple time this matter did receive serious con- collaborative policies now in use. It is sailors with rank privates, for the earliest sideration. And since the Alberta Wheat the farmers that the Pools must work and of possible participation in actual hostilities Pool Convention is drawing near, this fight for until they gain the full social against tne under fire, the following ought to be the proper time. value of what thej' produce. Yet, while enemy persons: fighting for that objective, do everything In the first place the present drop in conditions here and now. 1. The head of the state, if male, wheat prices ought to be sufficient cause to improve the for both thought whether president or sovereign. and action by Pool Suggested Resolution members—this because the Wheat Pool 2. All male blood relatives of the head propaganda has centered on contending To promote this study and discussion of the state having attained the age of 1 the following resolution, that mobilized selling efficiency was the further submit sixteen. solution of the wheat grower's economic which 1 hope that every member of the 3. The prime minister and other secre- problems. Nevertheless, although we U.F.A. and Wheat Pool contract-signers taries of state, as well as all under and will give serious consideration this be- now have more producers mobilized sell- — assistant secretaries of state. cause the matter will come up, before the ing th an ever before, yet we are confronted 4. All male representatives elected by W'heat Pool Convention, therefore by declining wheat prices. This fact next the nation for legislative work, except it thoroughly and if proves that the Wheat Pool's policy and you should discuss such members as voted openly against possible get your Wheat Pool delegates propaganda is not entirely sound. said armed conflict. to endorse it in order to get support of it The officials, however, who have 5. All bishops or prelates, or ecclesias- been at the Convention. It is up to you instrumental in fostering that the nation's Chris- conception, contract-signers to make the Pool what tics of similar rank, of are now busy qualifying it by saying that tian and other churches who failed pub- you want it to be. If you fail in this, the the present decline of wheat prices is licly to oppose such armed conflict. Pools will, in time, become mere institu- due to the flooding of the market with tions usea to rationalize capitalism and Ths above enlistments as privates an- non-Pool wheat. However, this qualifi- in that manner the chains of slavery will f»r the duration of the war and are en- cation, although to some extent correct, be more firmly fastened on your minds foresd in disregard of the individual's does not explain the situation fully. Fav- and limbs. a^s or condition of health, upon which orable crop conditions and the large carry- Whereas, the success of co-operative ths military medical officers will pass after over from previous crops are also im- marketing of wheat or other products enlistment. portant factors. Furthermore, even the depends on following sound economic The wives, daughters and sisters of the Wheat Pool is to some extent responsible, principles and the use of slogans that abovs mentioned persons shall be con- which in the following I shall endeavor clearly set forth the farmers' need and seripted as simple nurses or servants for to prore. aim; and the duration of the war for service only Factor in Raiaing Price Whereas, the policy now followed is at the front as near actual hostilities under It will nr be admitted that to begin with eoll aborative, and the propaganda used fire as dressing statinnp fipld hoRi>ita]p the Wheat Pool reet tainedj bersnw, H^ab not «»>t forfJ- THE U. F. A. (827) 36 POWER TRUST METHODS (Continued from pace 8) Company of Northern Illinois, $1,391.24 —don't forget those 24 cents. "Author" Who Knew Nothing on Subject "Mrs. Clare K. Tripp, director of the Washington Industries Education Bureau of Seattle, was another witness. Mrs. Tripp tola how thousands and thousands of parhphlets dealing with public utilities, written by public ulilily employes, printed ai public ntilily expense but posing as imparlial findings of experts, have been placed in the public schools of Oregon and Washington during the last few years. "Mrs. Tripp's name, as author, was on some of these pamphlets, but she admitted that she didn't know anything whatever about the subiect. "But she did know that Norbert Brockett, of the Puget Sound Power & Light Company, wrote one of the pam- phlets, and that Mrs. Josephine Corless Preston, state superintendent of schools for Washington, had helped prepare several others. Mrs. Preston was paid for these services. Distributed "Hoover Release" PACIFIC "H. L. Walther, of the Oregon Public Utilities Committee, testified that on February 4 of this year his organization sent out a 'news release' to papers of the COAST Northwest, quoting Herbert Hoover as Dec. lit, 1928 to S»l* datM Dm strongly opposed to Government opera- Jan. 5tii, 1929 t, 4.6,11 IMS, 20, U. Return M; Jan. 1, 3, «, », K, 17, K.24, », «, tion of utilities. 3 Montlu from Date «f Sale The quotation follows: Feb S, 7. R«t. up u Apra K. 192). " 'Neither our national nor our state From all Governments are planned or equipped for Station* FROM STATIONS the Fori Arthur and task of government operation of WINNIPEG and WEST ts the Armttrortg WtM H> utilities. The fathers ONTARIO, MANITOBA, purposely made Eastern Boundary our Government to a different model, ^ SASKATCHEWAN, ALBERTA for British Columbia a difTerent task. They divided power and —TO^ responsibihty, where business —to— must con- New Waflmmslar | TnnI »i» Vineanto Any point Prim. centrate them.' South and East of and Rupwt I T* WASHINGTON VanconTv "Mr. Walther also said that his con- induding Cochrane and Sudhuni | OIIEGON Victorit CALIFORNIA cern had spent nearly $30,000 to dejeat a proposed amendment to the state con- stitution which would permit the state to develop and sell electric current. Seek to Use Radio "The Richmond Development Cor- CENTRAL poration is before the Radio Commission seeking a permit to build and operate a broadcasting station at Roanoke, Va. ST/\1ES "It was brought out that this concern is connected with the Roanoke Water- Dee. Ill 1928 (o Jan 5th, 1929 works Company, and that the station was to be used to promote a better under- Ftr /va particular, From Statfont te standing between the public and public caU at SASKATCHEWAN ami ALBERTA utilities generally —in other words, it NEAREST C.N.R. was to be a utility propaganda broad- TICKET OFFICE and betwem casting station. or wriU HUDSON BAY JCT. "The application was opposed by Con- OSBORNE SCOTT AND THE PAS gressmen Schuyler O. Bland and Clinton Gt». Pa*t. Agent, A. Woodrum, both of Virginia, and was Winniptd taken under advisement by the com- Retuin within Hum Meoih* mission." From Date of Sal* PRESENT CASE FOR PUBLIC W« 8p«ct«Itze In Wlntar Orutana, OWNERSHIP around the world, d>« Meditemuieiia Some Alberta weeklies are beginning to take steps to place before their readers the case for public ownership of power resources. Among them are the We- laskiwin Times, the Steitler Independent the Ponoka Herald and the Provost News. Salt production in Canada during 1927 amounted to 268,672 tons valued at DYEING AND CLEANING $1,614,667, an increase of 2.3 per cent in quantity and 9.1 per cent in value as LEGAL AND PATENTS Garments and compared with the 1926 shipments of Household Godds 262,547 tons worth $1,480,149. Ontario's oi all kind* cleaned and dyed. Price list sod information upon requeat. W. H. SEU.ER production was 254,181 tons or 94.6 per Barriater and Solicitor EMPIRE CLEANING & DYEING CO., cent of the Canadian total; Nova Scotia L td. 306 Grain Exchange BuildinK, Calgary 234-236 Twelfth and 41V>ort« ormtrihntofl thr. rornninHpr. Ave. Wast, Calgary, A'lta. Phone M7406 Rei. Phone M7876 ——. — THE U. F. A. iNovember Ist, 1928 NEWS FROM THE HEAD OFFICE of the ALBERTA LIVESTOCK POOL OfFicial Information for Members of the Alberta Co-operative Livestock Producers, Ltd. not been working close enough together Governing Livestock Prices on Four Leading to gain the greatest effifi«'ncy for the producers. For the last year an effort Markets of Canada has been made to get a meeting to estab- lish a proper co-ordination of co-operative Below are listed the Koverninp; prices have dropped from SI. 00-1. 50 per hundred efforts on the various markets in Canada. on the four leading markets in Canada. in the last four weeks and at present no A meeting has now been called for the To ship cattle from Calgary or Edmonton cattle are going from the Stock Yards to 20th of November in Toronto at which the to Winnipeg takes from 85c to .$1.00 per Chicago but there are still a few bunches following organizations will be represented: hundred to cover freight, feed and shrink of ranch cattle which have been con- Maritime Live Stock Board, Inc., J. and about $1..50 per hundred to ship from tracted and are going south. Alberta markets to Toronto. It will be A year ago the general trend of the K. King, Manager, 347 St. George St., seen by these prices that the Alberta sur- cattle market was upward, prices starting Moncton, N.B. plus cannot be moved eastward profit- low in the summer and advancing steadily Co-operative Federee de Quebec, J. A. Paquet, Manager, 114 St. Paul St. E., ably. in the fall. This fall the reverse seems To ship to Chicago takes about SJc true as cattle started very high and sellers Montreal, P.Q. United Farmers' Co-operative Ltd., on light cattle and 4c per lb. on heavy have not been able to maintain those Co. J. J. Morrison, Sec.-Treas., cattle, the duty being 2c on heavy cattle prices during the fall run. Prospects are Duke & Sts., Toronto, Ont. and l^c on light cattle, the freight being that the bottom will be reached in the George 2, 92c per hundred and about $1.00 per hun- next two or three weeks and prices then Central Live Stock Co-operative Ltd., dred being necessary to take care of feed will begin to readjust themselves and Mr.' Ingaldson, Manager and Secretary, and shrink. Chicago prices on top cattle get stronger. Union Stock Yards, St. Boniface, Man. Saskatchewan Live Stock Co-operative Grade Week No. Sold Av. Price Top Top last Marketing A.ssn., R. Grant Thomson, Toronto year Secretary, Moose Jaw, Sask. Steers 1000-1200 good Sept. 27th 168 10.38 11.00 9.00 Alberta Co-operative Live Stock Pro- Oct. 18fh 154 10.05 10.50 8.25 ducers Ltd., A. B. Claypool, President, Heifers good Sept. 27th 257 10.01 10.75 9.70 Calgary, Alta. Oct. 18th 506 9.73 10.25 8.25 Canadian Co-operative Wool Growers Cows good Sept. 27th 471 8.00 9.00 6.50 Ltd., G. E. O'Brien, Manager, Toronto, Oct. 18th 308 7.77 9.00 6.50 Ont. Winnipeg Prince Edward Island Egg & Poultry Co-operative, Geo. Lightizer, Manager, Steers 1000-1200 good Sept. 27th 20 9.85 10.50 7.50 Charlottetown, P.E.I. Oct. 18th 46 8.96 9.50 7.75 Maritime Co-operative Exchange, A. Heifers good Sept 27th 262 8.75 9.50 6.50 B. Jones, Manager, 680 Main St., St. Oct. 18th 379 8.25 8.75 8.00 John, N.B. good Sept. 27th 850 7.37 8.25 5.50 Manitoba Co-operative Poultry Mar- Oct. 18th 780 6.59 7.50 5.75 keting Assn. Ltd., D. W. Storey, Sec.- Calgary— Treas. and Manager, Hajtney, Man. Steers 1000-1200 good Sept 27th 200 9.25 9.75 7.00 It is desired that at this meeting a Oct. 18th 55 8.75 9.50 7.00 unity of purpose and action among the Heifers good Sept 27th 423 8.25 8.75 6.25 various co-operatives can be attained so Oct. 18th 106 8.10 8.50 6.50 that our competitors as well as the buyers good Sept. 27th 346 7.25 7.75 5.25 of meat cannot play the different markets Oct. 18th 268 7.10 7.50 5.50 Edmonton one against the otner. Steers 1000-1200 good Sept 27th 61 9.25 10.00 7.00 Oct. 18th 19 8.50 9.00 7.25 PLATINUM PRODUCTION Heifers good Sept 27th 163 8.40 9.50 6.00 Canada ranks third in importance, as Oct. 18th 154 7.75 8.00 6.00 a source of metals of the platinum group, good Sept 27th 392 7.00 7.50 5.00 after Russia and Colombia. Oct. 18th 361 6.75 7.00 5.00 RADIO IN CANADA The total number of licensed radio stations in operation in the Dominion Board of Central Livestock Co-operative Reviews and on ships registered therein was Affairs at Edmonton Session 216,700 on March 31, 1927. CANADIAN MICA Phenomenal Growth of Business at St. Boniface Yards — All- Canadian Meeting Practically all of the mica produced Called for November 20th, Toronto in Canada is of the amber varietj* (Phlogo- pite). Mica is marketed in the rough- To review the affairs of the Central Robin representing the Saskatchewan cobbed state, as trimmed sheet, splittings, Livestock Co-operative, which operates Board, and A. B. Haarstad and A. B. scraps, and ground mica. Trimming and St. Boniface it sells representing the Alberta on the market where Claypool Pool. splitting is done by hand. for the Livestock Pools of Alberta, Sas- The Central Co-operative has only katchewan and Manitoba, an important been in business on the St. Boniface meeting of the Central Livestock Co- yards since the first of January this year. OIL SHALE AND TAR SANDS operative Board was held in Edmonton' Its growth has been phenomenal and it Canada has vast resources of oil shale on October 15th and 16th, when a close now ranks as the third firm on that mar- and bituminous sands, the former occur- of livestock in study conditions Alberta ket in point of volume. Now that the ring in the Maritime Provinces an(j[ the was made. This was the first occasion price has broken temporarily and buying latter in Alberta. These deposits have upon which the Board has ever met in is not so easy in the country there is no long been considered as potential sources Alberta. It has adopted the policj' of question but that the drovers' receipts of products generally obtained from crude meeting on the different markets, so that will slacken off and Central Co-op. re- petroleum. As a result of recent modi- a better understanding of Western condi- ceipts from their local shipping associa- fications in refining methods these raw tions can be gained. tions will increase. materials may now be seriously considered « • * The Board is composed of Roy Mc- as sources, to be drawn upon when needed, Phail and I. Ingaldson representing the It has been felt for some time that the to help in supplj'ing the rapidly increasing Manitoba Board, W. J, McKay and P. Livestock Co-operatives in Canada have demand for motor fuel- November Isl, 1928 THE U. F. A. (1)29) 37 Eleventh Fortnightly Crop Report EE Issued by the Alberta Department of iMake your home bright and cheerful, saving Agriculture BUKMS one-half on oil I Government and leading University tests prove this wonderfui J new Aladdin nearly five times as efficient as best round wick Oct. 20.—According to I open-flame lamps. Burns 70 hours on one gallon common EDMONTON, I kerosene (coal oil.) No odor, smoke or noise, no pumpinp up, reports received by the Department of explode. IrnApSw-PRPi^f' WON GOLD MEDAL. Agriculture fdr the eleventh fortnightly GUARANTEED. Prove for yourself, without risk, I by crop report of the season, the Alberta crop for 192S is showing a very marked Ten Nights Free Trial [that Aladdin decrease in yield and reduction in grade has no equal as a white light. If not satisfied re- I turn at our expense. $1008 given anyone showing as compared with estimates made some us an oil I lamp equal m every way to this NEV/ MODEL ALADDIN. weeks ago. Official reports to the De- iGETWfcu WVVni9 We want one user in partment by threshermen in all parts VOURS rnm-K:FREE each locality to whom I customers of the Province show that the wheat can be referred. In that way you may get your own Be the fortunate one to write first for 1 0 will average approximately I DAY crop twenty FREE TRIAL OFFER and learn how to get one FREE. bushels per acre, and they emphasize the 405-14 fact that the injury to both the yield and Loszn Ave, Toronto 8 quality of the crop from frost is more I Make big iioney spare or fnll time. Onr easy selling plan makes exnerl- I ence unneceEsary. We start you withont money. Sample sent for 10 serious than was apparent from earlier [ days trial and GIVEM FREE when you become a distributor. reports. The experience of previous years is that subsequent returns will slightly reduce rather than increase the first figures, as these represent a large propor- tion of giain from summerfallow. From a wheat acreage of 6, 707, .526 acres as shown by- Dominion Government esti- WINTtR mate, and on the basis of the average yield shown in threshers' returns. Alberta's wheat crop will total .some 134,150,520 bushels. It is also apparent that as a E result of the reduction in grade a consid- erable percentage of this year's wheat will be retained for feed rather than X shipped to market. PACIFIC COAST This conclusion as to the probable VANCOUVER - VICTORIA average yield over the entire Province is c NEW WESTMINSTER borne out by information secured from Certain Days During the regular correspondents of the De- u DEC. - JAN. - FEB. from other reliable partment and equally Return Limit April 15, 1929 sources. While the yield for the present season is somewhat disappointing, show- it drop of R EASTERN CANADA ing as does a some seven bushels per acre as compared with last year's Tickets on Sale phenomenal returns, it may be pointed DEC. 1 to JAN. 5 still s out that the 1928 yield is two bushels From Stations Manitoba (Winnipeg and West) per acre in excess of the average for the Saskatchewan, Alberta past ten years. I Return Limit Three Months The situation with regard to the wheat crop applies to the coarse grains to almost CENTRAL STATES the same extent. Oats throughout the o TicketF on Sale Province will average from to 30 35 bush- DEC. 1 to JAN. 5 els per acre, barley from 20 to and 25, From Stations Saskatchewan. Alberta rye from 15 to 18 bushels. N Return Limit Three Months Apart from this reduction of fully 25 per cent, from the estimates of the yield OLD COUNTRY made in August, the value of Alberta's S T'ckets on Sale 1928 crop is greatly depreciated through the injury to quality resulting from the DEC. 1 to JAN. 5 frost. While some sections have been To Atlantic ports (Saint John, Halifax, Portland) Ask the Canadian Pacific more fortunate in this regard than others, Limit Five Months Ticket Agent for full grain inspectionvS indicate that not more information. than 25 per cent, of the wheat being marketed is of the contract grades, and C18x3 in many districts a large percentage of wheat is grading No. 6 and feed. This reduction inequality is also very apparent in the case of oats and in many districts some apprehension is felt as to the seed supply for next year's crop. GLASSES (Single Vision) In the Peace River country, while the To Fit Your Eyes yield is lower than anticipated, the Quality the Best quality of grain is somewhat better than the average for the Province. In the Examination southeastern section of the Province, Included both yield and quality of grain have been $10 and up less seriously reduced than in other sec- $7.50, tions, although completion of threshing Absolutely reliable. 30 Years' Experience— 15 Successful Years in Calgary. has been delayed by broken weather dur- Sight S. ALWYN BARTLETT Specialist. M2684—OPEN ALL DAY WEDNESDAY ing the past week. Grain is being mar- keted rapidly and at a number of country ALBERTA OPTICAL CO. LTD.. 123 Eighth Ave. W. (Up.tair.), Calgary. points difficulty is reported in securing elevator accommodation. Due to the favorable fall, a larger r. acreage than usual has been plowed in Use "The U. A." Classified Section readiness for the following season's crop. Read in more than 4i,000 Alherta Farm Htmes This is particularly true in the northern Price only 5 cents per word half of the Province. .18 (»30> r H L U. t. A. TO BRITISH HARVESTERS ! (By Dept. of Agriculture, Edmonton) With the object of encouraging the satisfactory aBsimilation of the numbers CHRISTMAS of British harvesters who will remain in Western Canada when the present thresh- -IN THE- inj? season is over, every efTort is being made by Colonization and Land Hettle- ment Offices and the Provincial Labour Bureaus to have these men placed as farm help throughout the Province for the coming winter. Of the numbers who came from the Old Land to assist in the harvest, some have returned to their homes —in many OLD COUNTRY cases this course was dictated by their domestic circumstances. There is no doubt, however, that many of thes* men will return to Canada with their wives and families as soon as conditions will permit them to do so. In addition, it is only to be expected that a certain SPECIAL harvesters who have not number of these fitted into conditions which prevail in this SLEEPING country, will return to England. There is, however, a great body of harvesters who are willing and anxious CARS to remain in Western Canada providing they can secure winter employment. If FROM these men can tide them.selves over the EDMONTON, CALGARY, SASKATOON, REGINA winter and during that period familiarize themselves further with farm work, they ConsoIi4atins into should be able to earn satisfactory wages in the spring and have no difficulty in securing farm work on a yearly basis at from Trains Winnipeg wages which will leave them in very much better circumstances than those FIRST TRAIN Icavn 9:40 •.m. November 20th to Monti»«J for Miliog of S^. "Meontic." under which they were working in November 22nd, to Southampton, f-iavre. London. England. SECOND TRAIN leave* 9:40 a.m November 2l»t to Montreal for sailing of S.S. "AnWania," The Dominion Government through the November 23rd. to Glasgow, Belfast, Liverpool; S.S. "Ascania," November 23rd, to Plymouth, Branch, both railway Cherbourg, London. Land Settlement companies through their colonization THIRD TRAIN leaves 9:40 a.m. November 22nd to Montreal for sailing of S.S. "Laurentic,'' and station agents, and the November 24th, t* Belfast, Glasgow, Liverpool. branches Provincial Government through the em- TRAIN laavas 6.-00 p.m. November 29th to Halifax for sailing of SS. "Pennland.' FOURTH offices, have undertaken to December 2nd, t« Plymouth, Cherb*urg, Antwerp, ployment make every possible effort to assist these FIFTH TRAIN leave* 9:40 a.m. November 30th to Halifax for miling of S.S. "Alaunia," in finding winter employment. The cember 3rd, t* Plymouth, Havre, London. men experience in handling the British har- leave* 9:40 a.m. December 6th to Halifax for sailing of S.S. "Lapland." De- SIXTH TRAIN vester movement in 192.3 was that the cember 9th, to Plymouth. Cherbourg, Antwerp; S.S. "Frederilt VIII," December 10th, to Christiansand, Oslo, Copenhagen. organizations mentioned abov« had more applications for winter farm help than SEVENTH TRAIN Waves 6K)0 p.m. December 6th to HaUfaz for MkiUng of S.S. "Baltic." De- fill these positions cember 1 0th. to Queenstown. Liverpool. there were harvesters to and there is little doubt that, provided EIGHTH TRAIN leave* 9:40 a.m. December 7tb to Halifax for sailing ot S.S. "Ta»cania," De- cember lOth, to Plymouth, Havre, London. these British harvesters are prepared to accept reasonable employment for the NINTH TRAIN leaves 9:40 a.m. December llth ta Halifax for niling of S.S. "Letitia." De- cember 14th to Belfast, Liverpool, Glasgow. coming winter months, at wages which farmers are willing to pay, these jobs will TENTH TRAIN leaves 9:40 a m December 12th to Halifax tor sailing of S.S. "Regina." Dr~ cember 15th. to Glasgow. Belfast. Liverpool. be forthcoming. The main difficulty is to get in touch DURING with the men who are prepared to remain in this country and to put them in touch Low Fares DECEMBER to the Seaboard with winter jobs before they lessen their chances of securing these jobs by leaving There Will Be THROUGH SLEEPERS from Principal Cities the districts in which they are at present (If Traffic Warrants) For Foliowins Sailingai working and congregating in the larger centres such as Calgary, Edmonton and S3. Nov. 22nd. Halifax to Bergen, Stavanger. O«lo. "BERGENSFJORD" Winnipeg. There it no advantage from SJ5. "DROTTINGHOLM," Nov. 26th. from Halifax to Gothenburg. the harvegtera' point of view in coming S3. "OSCAR II." Nov. 26th, Halifax to Christiansand, Oslo, Copenhagen. to town as they only have to bear the ex- travelling back to a country S3. "GRIPSHOLM." Dec. 5th. from Halifax to Gothenburg. pente of poim and their chance of securing v>ork SS.. "POLONIA," Dec. 6th, Halifax to Copenhagen, Danzig. Helsingfora. in the cities it very small. They stand a much better chance of securing work if they retain their present employment as For full particulara consult nearest long as it is available for them and in the BOOK NOW Canadian National Ticket Agent, or write meantime, secure work for the winter with the farmers with whom they are to get CHOICE OSBORNE SCOTT, General Pasaencer A November Ist, I92t> THE U. F. A. (831) 39 SEED AND FEED MISCELLANEOUS WZ ARK BUYERS OF BROME GRASS. SWEET USED MAYTAG WASHER WITH GAS ENGINE. Clover, Alfalfa, Registered Grains and carload lots Classified Section Guaranteed. Special Bargain. Maytag, Calgary, Oats and Barley. Send us your sample, advise per word. Five quantities offered. Steele, Briggs Seed Co., RATE—Five cents WE REWEAVE OLD CARPETS INTO BEAUTIFUL Limited. Regina, Sask. insertions for the price of four; rugs. Write for full information. Veteran Rug nine for the price of seven; thir- Weaving Co., Queen Street East, Toronto. teen for the price of ten; twenty- FARM LANDS DANCING SCHOOL—WHEN VISITING six for the price of nineteen. EDMON- ton, learn to dance in Three Days or no OFFERING 3 MONTHS ONLY AT SACRIFICE charge. Private rooms for beginners Lessons daily price of $13.00 per acre. $300 cash and balance TERMS— Cash with order. at 2 p.m. and 7 p.m. Sullivan's Academy of over 5 years at 6 per cent. One half section ad- Danc- ing, La Fleche Building, 102nd St., joining townsite of Chinook. One half section Edmonton. within 11 miles of Cereal, Alta. All first class land. No waste, no brush, partly cultivated. POVERTY AMIDST PLENTY—A SCIENTIFIC Particulars, W. Heron, 411 Northern Investment HOUSES FOR SALE Anachronism, by C. F. J. Galloway, B.Sc, BIdg., Edmonton, Alta. F.R.G.S. "An up-to-date treatise on the money DO YOU WISH TO BUY A HOME IN CALGARYT question, one of the very best, completely cov- ering the subject."—"The American 3,500 ACRE CATTLE RANCH FOR SALE WITH If so, see George E. Williams, 30fi Tenth St. N.W., Worker." eighty acres of orchard well watered near Kelowna, Caleary From "U F A." Office, 15o. B.C. Will sell on easy payments or liberal re- duction for cash. Apply, Thomas Bulman, Vernon, B.C. FRESH FRUITS BUSINESS COLLEGE WRITE ROBT. LAWSON, GRAND FORKS, B.C.. ELSTON BUSINESS COLLEGE, EDMONTON.— RADIOS regarding carload shipments of apples, plums, 'Better training for Less Money." Special pears and prunes. Courses for Farmers. Individual Tuition. Enter D.F.A. AND POOL MEMBERS IN THE MARKET any time. Graduates guaranteed positions. foi either new or second-hand radios, write me Second Floor, Adams Block. first for prices. By niy personal contact, I can HEALTH save you .u^aey. Wm. Brooks, o/o U.F.A. Central Office. Calgary. OSTEOPATHIC HEALTH HOME, CALGARY.— SWINE Fasting, Dieting. Baths, Electricity, Massage Nervous di.«asea. Piles specialty. YORKSHIRE BOARS READY FOR SERVICE.— FENCE POSTS, LUMBER AND FUEL Extra good. J. M. Southward, Lacombe. LUMBER—SAVE MONEY BY BUYING DIRECT. THE FAMOUS EASTHOPE QUALITY YORKSHIRE SWINE, SIX MONTHS- We have millions of feet dry lumber in stock for Good Oxford rams. Frank Moore, Daysland, immediate shipment. Writ* for our ipe'ial GASOLINE STUMP PULLER Alta. prices. Sixteen years honest dealings with tnous- ands of satisfied customers. Consumers' Lumber Co. Ltd., 227 Rogers Bldg., Vancouver, B.C. LIVESTOCK Bankers, Royal Bank. FOR SALE.—THREE OUTSTANDING PUREBRED LUMBER AT SAWMILL PRICES—WE SAVE YOU Hampshire ram lamhs^ $50 each. Also 30 pure- money on Lumber, Saah, Doors, Shingles, etc., bred Hampshire yearling ewes. L. L. Trimmer, in carload lots. Prices on request; prompt ship- Duchess. Alberta. ment: grades guaranteed. Nor West Farmers Associate Lumber Co., Victoria, B.C. Birr YOUR LUMBER. SHINGLES, LATH, MUX- LEGAL AND PATENTS Make land clearing a pleasure; c»Bt only 50 work, etc., from the old established firm selling cent* a day to run w rite for information. highest quality B.C. coast lumber direct from A. LANNAN & COMPANY, BARRISTERS, SOU- Ea(ithop« Bros , 1747 Georgia St. W., citors. Notaries, 111 mill to consumer since 1913. Save big money. 8th Ave. W., Calgary. Vancouver, B C M3429. Specializing in Get bigger quality. Send your lumber biM, sketch Domestic Law, including probate, divorce or plxn for our delivered price. Quantities guar- and settlement of estates. anteed Write for frp« plan folder and price lists. Farmers' Mutual Lumber Co. Ltd., Bekins STUBBLE BURNER SHORT, ROSS, SHAW & MAYHOOD—BARRIS- B'dg.. Vancouver, B.C Bankers. Royal Bank. ters. Solicitors, Notaries. Imperial Bank Bldg., Calgary. HIDES AND FURS FORD, MILLER & HARVIE, BARRISTERS, SOLI- citors. Patent Attorneys and Agents for all SASKATOON TANNERY, SASKATOON.—HIDES. countries. 65 Canada Life Bldg., Calgary. Furs and Sheepskins tanned. Freight paid on Patent drawings and applications prepared by hides tanned. Ask for Price List. our own staff, ensuring secrecy ana prompt service. FOR SALE 1926 FORD COUPE—A-1 SHAPE. SNAP FOR cash. For further particulars write William KILL INSECTS AND WEEDS BY BURNING Brooks, CO. U.F.A. Office. Calgary YOUR STUBBLE To Get the Most Mr. Norman Criddle. Dominion Entomologist says: Stubble should be burned and land deeply Money for Your REMNANTS plowed to kill the saw-fly. Use the Western 1 LB. LARGE GINGHAM QUILT PATCHES, 75c; Stubble Burner to get the best results. Write for circular showing the new way to burn stubble 4 lbs., $2. 1 lb. Gingham Remnants, 90c; 3 lbs. $2. 2 Ibe. Velvet, Cretonne or Silk pieces, $1.50. WESTERN IMPLEMENTS LTD. A McCreerv, Chatham, Ont. 1200 Scarth Street. Regina POULTRY SHIP TO Windsor's Produce 121-lOth Ave. W. - Calgary ALBERTA INVEST DEMAND SAVINGS Alfalfa Hay For Sale IN CERTIFICATES The Brooks Farmers' Co-operative Association, Ltd. are now offering for sale, choice quality first and second Purchased and redeemed at par cutting alfalfa hay. Every carload carefully inspected Payable on Demand before shipment. Prices on application. FOR PARTICULARS WRITE OR APPLY TOi HON. R. G. REID W. V. NEWSON BROOKS FARMERS' CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION, Provincial Traaaurar Deputy Prov. Traasurer LIMITED PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS, EDMONTON, ALBERTA R. R. Baird. Sec y - BROOKS, Alta. . 40 (832) THE U. F. A. November let, 1928 FUEL - SAVING S/ INSULATINGINSULA BUEJJtNG BOAXD F/jT/^AKM, dry and healthy poultry houses are being built with TEN/TEST Insulating Build- ing Board. TEN/TEST keeps out cold, draughts and dampness and gives poultry a 90 per cent chance of bdng p-reat healthy producers duriog the fall, winter and early sprinf Dampness and draughts are responsible for leg weakaess, sluggishness and low egg production. TEN / TEST makes for healthy poultry and live- stock and, consequently, bigger csish prohts. TEN /TEST prevents ooodensatioa in bams and stables and makes it easy to mftintain an eveo temperature in aH weathers. TEN /TEST, the only hydrauUcally pressed insti- lating board, is made in large, strong sheets that can be sawTi and nailed as easily as lumber. Farmers everywhere find TEN /TEST a sound investment smd tssually keep a few extra sheets on hand at all Protect your Bees times for building emergency. this Winter Don't let the cold kill ofiF Write for full information— whf^ colenies. INTERNATIONAL FIBRE BOARD LIMITH) There is no need to winter yo«jr Sales Office: 1111 Beaver Hall HUl, Montreal beeflin'cellarorftableif you build «n5i TEN/TEST Insulating Midland, One v Gatineau, Que. Buildiog Board TTF7 FOR NEARLY TWENTY YEARS— THE UNITED FARMERS OF ALBERTA has been working in your behalf. Every day, in many ways, you are reaping the benefits of its work. Your «upport ii needed if that work is to be •ontinusd efficiently. JOIN THE NEAREST LOCAL YOU WILL BE WELCOME. Prutid far tk« Uaitod Farmen of Alberta at the office of the Albertan Job Press Limited, 310-8th Avenue East, Caleary, Alberta