DOCSLIB.ORG

Worldwide Synthesis and Analysis of Existing Information Regarding Environmental Effects of Alternative Energy Uses on the Outer Continental Shelf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Worldwide Synthesis and Analysis of Existing Information Regarding Environmental Effects of Alternative Energy Uses on the Outer Continental Shelf OCS STUDY MMS 2007- 038 Worldwide Synthesis and Analysis of Existing Information Regarding Environmental Effects of Alternative Energy Uses on the Outer Continental Shelf July 2007 OCS Report MMS 2007- 038 Worldwide Synthesis and Analysis of Existing Information Regarding Environmental Effects of Alternative Energy Uses on the Outer Continental Shelf Authors Jacqueline Michel, Heidi Dunagan, Christine Boring, Erin Healy, William Evans, John M. Dean, Andrew McGillis, and James Hain July 2007 Prepared under MMS Contract 1435-01-06-CT-39821 by Research Planning, Inc. 1121 Park Street Columbia, South Carolina 29201 and ICF International, Inc. 33 Hayden Avenue Lexington, MA 02421 Published by Disclaimer This report was prepared under contract between the Minerals Management Service (MMS) and Research Planning, Inc. (RPI). This report has been technically reviewed by the MMS, and it has been approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the MMS, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Citation Michel, J., Dunagan, H., Boring, C., Healy, E., Evans, W., Dean, J.M., McGillis, A. and Hain, J. 2007. Worldwide Synthesis and Analysis of Existing Information Regarding Environmental Effects of Alternative Energy Uses on the Outer Continental Shelf. U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Herndon, VA, MMS OCS Report 2007-038. 254 pp. Acknowledgements Numerous people contributed to this study. Ms. Elizabeth Burkhold of MMS was the study director and provided assistance and guidance throughout the project. The report was improved through comments provided by ten peer reviewers of the draft report. This study was conducted by a team of researchers under the direction of Jacqueline Michel of Research Planning, Inc. (RPI). The writing team and assignments were: Jacqueline Michel, Ph.D., RPI – Benthic Resources, Space-Use Conflicts, Aesthetics Heidi Dunagan, M.S., RPI and James Hain, Ph.D., Associated Scientists at Woods Hole – Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles Christine Boring, M.S., RPI and William Evans, Old Bird Inc. – Flying Animals Erin Healy, M.S., ICF International, Inc. – Current Offshore Alternative Energy Technologies and Future Trends and Public Acceptance of Existing Projects-Successes and Failures John M. Dean, Ph.D., RPI and Distinguished Professor Emeritis, University of South Carolina – Fishery Resources Andrew McGillis, M.S., Baird & Associates, Inc. – Physical Processes At ICF International Lynne Jennrich was the Senior Editor and greatly improved the text; Melissa Zgola assisted in the literature acquisition; and Dean Gouvia developed the website for distribution of the literature to the writing team. At RPI, Joe Holmes and Wendy Early assisted in preparation of the graphics and report. Many researchers generously shared their time, publications, and opinions, which greatly contributed to the work presented here. i Table of Contents Disclaimer..................................................................................................................................... i Citation.......................................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................... i List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ...................................................................................... vii List of Conversion Factors ........................................................................................................ x 1. Introduction.......................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Background of the Study..........................................................................................1-1 1.2 Study Objectives ......................................................................................................1-1 2. Study Methods..................................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Literature Search......................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Database and Web Site Development .....................................................................2-2 3. Current Offshore Alternative Energy Technologies and Future Trends .....................3-1 3.1 Wind Technology......................................................................................................3-1 3.1.1 General Overview .......................................................................................3-1 3.1.2 Description of Technology and Infrastructure .............................................3-2 3.1.3 Operational Projects....................................................................................3-3 3.1.4 Planned Projects.........................................................................................3-5 3.1.5 Future Trends..............................................................................................3-8 3.2 Wave Technology.....................................................................................................3-9 3.2.1 General Overview .......................................................................................3-9 3.2.2 Description of Technology and Infrastructure ...........................................3-10 3.2.3 Future Trends in Ocean Wave Energy Conversion ..................................3-14 3.3 Ocean Current Technology ....................................................................................3-14 3.3.1 General Overview .....................................................................................3-14 3.3.2 Description of Ocean Current Technology and Infrastructure...................3-16 3.4 Solar Technology ...................................................................................................3-19 3.4.1 General Overview .....................................................................................3-19 3.4.2 Description of Technology and Infrastructure ...........................................3-20 3.4.3 Potential Solar Applications on the OCS...................................................3-21 3.5 Hydrogen Technology ............................................................................................3-21 4. Social, Economic, and Cultural Concerns of Offshore Alternative Energy ................4-1 4.1 Public Acceptance of Existing Projects—Successes and Failures ..........................4-1 4.1.1 Overview of Operational Projects................................................................4-1 4.1.2 European Experience—Denmark and the United Kingdom........................4-1 4.1.3 Pathways to Gaining Public Acceptance.....................................................4-5 4.1.4 Experience in the United States..................................................................4-8 4.2 Space-Use Conflicts...............................................................................................4-11 4.2.1 Potential Space-Use Conflicts...................................................................4-11 4.2.2 Space-Use Conflicts at Existing Offshore Wind Facilities .........................4-13 4.2.3 Current Models Used to Evaluate Space-Use Conflicts............................4-15 4.2.4 Space-Use Conflict Mitigation Used at Existing Offshore Wind Parks......4-16 4.2.5 Information Needs—Space-Use Conflicts.................................................4-17 4.3 Aesthetics...............................................................................................................4-18 4.3.1 Potential Aesthetics Impacts .....................................................................4-18 ii Table of Contents 4.3.2 Aesthetics Impacts at Existing Offshore Wind Facilities ...........................4-19 4.3.3 Current Models Used to Evaluate Aesthetics Impacts ..............................4-19 4.4 Additional Areas of Social, Cultural, and Economic Interest ..................................4-24 5. Potential Direct, Indirect, and Cumulative Impacts of Offshore Energy Technologies .......................................................................................................5-1 5.1 Wind Technologies...................................................................................................5-1 5.1.1 Potential Impacts Summary ........................................................................5-1 5.1.2 Physical Processes.....................................................................................5-2 5.1.3 Benthic Resources ....................................................................................5-15 5.1.4 Fishery Resources ....................................................................................5-31 5.1.5 Marine Mammals.......................................................................................5-51 5.1.6 Sea Turtles................................................................................................5-83 5.1.7 Flying Animals...........................................................................................5-92 5.2 Wave Technologies..............................................................................................5-121 5.2.1 Physical Processes.................................................................................5-124
Load more

Recommended publications
  • SUSTAINABILITY REPORT ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2011 I Shell Sustainability Report 2011 Introduction
    SUSTAINABILITY REPORT ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2011 i Shell Sustainability Report 2011 Introduction CONTENTS ABOUT SHELL INTRODUCTION Shell is a global group of energy and petrochemical companies employing 90,000 people in more than 80 i ABOUT SHELL countries. Our aim is to help meet the energy needs of 1 INTRODUCTION FROM THE CEO society in ways that are economically, environmentally and socially responsible. OUR APPROACH Upstream 2 BUILDING A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FUTURE Upstream consists of two organisations, Upstream International and Upstream Americas. Upstream searches for and recovers oil 3 SD AND OUR BUSINESS STRATEGY and natural gas, extracts heavy oil from oil sands for conversion 4 SAFETY into synthetic crudes, liqueƂ es natural gas and produces synthetic oil products using gas-to-liquids technology. It often works in joint 5 COMMUNITIES ventures, including those with national oil companies. Upstream 6 CLIMATE CHANGE markets and trades natural gas and electricity in support of its business. Our wind power activities are part of Upstream. Upstream 8 ENVIRONMENT International co-ordinates sustainable development policies and 9 LIVING BY OUR PRINCIPLES social performance across Shell. Downstream OUR ACTIVITIES Downstream manufactures, supplies and markets oil products and 10 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN ACTION chemicals worldwide. Our Manufacturing and Supply businesses include reƂ neries, chemical plants and the supply and distribution 11 KEY PROJECTS of feedstocks and products. Marketing sells a range of products 12 DELIVERING ENERGY RESPONSIBLY including fuels, lubricants, bitumen and liqueƂ ed petroleum 12 Natural gas gas for home, transport and industrial use. Chemicals markets 15 The Arctic petrochemicals for industrial customers.
    [Show full text]
  • ENERGY DARWINISM the Evolution of the Energy Industry
    ENERGY DARWINISM The Evolution of the Energy Industry Citi GPS: Global Perspectives & Solutions October 2013 J ason Channell Heath R J ansen Alastair R Syme Sofia Savvantidou Edward L Morse Anthony Yuen Citi is one of the world’s largest financial institutions, operating in all major established and emerging markets. Across these world markets, our employees conduct an ongoing multi-disciplinary global conversation – accessing information, analyzing data, developing insights, and formulating advice for our clients. As our premier thought-leadership product, Citi GPS is designed to help our clients navigate the global economy’s most demanding challenges, identify future themes and trends, and help our clients profit in a fast-changing and interconnected world. Citi GPS accesses the best elements of our global conversation and harvests the thought leadership of a wide range of senior professionals across our firm. This is not a research report and does not constitute advice on investments or a solicitation to buy or sell any financial instrument. For more information on Citi GPS, please visit www.citi.com/citigps. Citi GPS: Global Perspectives & Solutions October 2013 Jason Channell is a Director and Global Head of Citi's Alternative Energy and Cleantech equity research team. Throughout his career Jason's research has spanned the energy spectrum of utilities, oil & gas, and alternative energy. He has worked for both buy and sell-side firms, including Goldman Sachs and Fidelity Investments, and has been highly ranked in the Institutional Investor, Extel and Starmine external surveys. His knowledge has led to significant interaction with regulators and policymakers, most notably presenting to members of the US Senate Energy and Finance committees, and to United Nations think-tanks.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Midge Telmatogeton Japonicus Tokunaga (Diptera: Chironomidae) Exploiting Brackish Water in Finland
    Aquatic Invasions (2009) Volume 4, Issue 2: 405-408 DOI 10.3391/ai.2009.4.2.20 © 2009 The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2009 REABIC (http://www.reabic.net) This is an Open Access article Short communication Marine midge Telmatogeton japonicus Tokunaga (Diptera: Chironomidae) exploiting brackish water in Finland Janne Raunio1*, Lauri Paasivirta2 and Yngve Brodin3 1Janne Raunio, Water and Environment Association for the River Kymi, Tapiontie 2 C, FIN-45160 Kouvola, Finland E-mail: [email protected] 2Lauri Paasivirta, Ruuhikoskenkatu 17 B 5, FIN-24240 Salo, Finland E-mail: [email protected] 3Yngve Brodin, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden E-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author Received 20 March 2009; accepted in revised form 26 May 2009; published online 3 June 2009 Abstract Pupal exuviae of marine intertidal midge Telmatogeton japonicus Tokunaga (Diptera: Chironomidae) were found in September 2008 from the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea. Previous records of the species in the Baltic Sea were from Sweden, Denmark, Germany and Poland. Telmatogeton japonicus is an alien species introduced to Europe from the Pacific Ocean. It probably uses shipping as the vector, since in north-western Europe it has first been detected near large seaports. This was also the case in the Gulf of Finland. Our findings suggests that the species’ distribution extends further northeast in the Baltic Sea than understood before, and that the species is able to establish viable populations into fresh-brackish (salinity < 4 ‰) coastal habitats. Key words: Telmatogeton japonicus, Chironomidae, pupal exuviae, Gulf of Finland Benthic macroinvertabrate communities in the 2005; Raunio 2008) to assess chironomid littoral and sub-littoral zones in the Gulf of community composition in three areas in the Finland (Baltic Sea) are rather poorly known, as Gulf of Finland (Figure 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Oversight and Reauthorization Hearing on the Rehabilitation Act of 1983
    DOCUMEIIT RESUME ED 249 748 EC 170 860 TITLE Ove- ght and Reauthorization Hearing on the Rehabilitation Act of 1983. Bearings before the Subcot 'Nitta. on Select Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. Rouse of Representatives, Ninety -- Eighth Congress, First Session Narch 21 and 23, 1983). INSTITUTION Congress of the U.S., Washington, D.C.Rouse Commettee on Education and Labor. PUB DATE 84; NOTE ' FUR TYPE 4114*I 1/Legislative/Regulatory Materials (090) EDRS PRICE NFO1 /FC18 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Compliance (Legal); Disabilities; *Federal Legislation; Federal Programs; Bearings; Rehabilitation; *Vocational Rehabilitation 'IDENTIFIERS *Rehabilitation Act 1973 ABSTRACT Excerpts are presented from the March 1983 hearings on oversight and reauthorization of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Prepared statements are included from federal officials; representatives of professional rehabilitation and education associations and state and local agencies; etudents; and other interested persons. In addition to the statements, letters and supplemental materials on the topic are also, provided from associations, agencies, university faculty, and federal officials. The statements touch on amendisents to the act, provisions for independent living, rehabilitation research, and rehabilitation training. (CL) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRA are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
    [Show full text]
  • Ardea 94(3): 639–650
    Local movements, home ranges and body condition of Common Eiders Somateria mollissima wintering in Southwest Greenland Flemming R. Merkel1,2,*, Anders Mosbech2, Christian Sonne2, Annette Flagstad3, Knud Falk4 & Sarah E. Jamieson4 Merkel F.R., Mosbech A., Sonne C., Flagstad A., Falk K. & Jamieson S.E. 2006. Local movements, home ranges and body condition of Common Eiders Somateria mollissima wintering in Southwest Greenland. Ardea 94(3): 639–650. We examined local movements, home ranges and body condition of wintering Northern Common Eiders Somateria mollissima borealis in Southwest Greenland from late winter until spring migration in 2000 and 2001. At key marine habitats at coastal areas and in the inner fjord system of Nuuk, we implanted 33 Eiders with satellite transmitters and collected Eider carcasses for body condition analyses. Most Eiders exhib- ited strong site fidelity during the study period with a mean 95% home range size of 67.8 km2 and a mean core area (50%) of 8.1 km2. Diurnal movements peaked at dawn and dusk when birds presumably moved between feeding areas and roosting sites. Roosting occurred near day- time activity centres, on average 1.7 km apart. Among birds marked at coastal habitats only between 8% and 29% also used the inner fjord habitats, despite high levels of hunting at the coastal area. Birds that did move to the inner fjord system did not return to the coastal area. These findings accentuate the need for managing wintering Common Eiders in Southwest Greenland also at a local scale, taking site fidelity into account. The body condition of adult fjord birds was either equal or superior to that of coastal birds.
    [Show full text]
  • Bush Sort Victorieux Des Élections
    www.lemonde.fr 58e ANNÉE – N 17973 – 1,20 ¤ – FRANCE MÉTROPOLITAINE --- JEUDI 7 NOVEMBRE 2002 FONDATEUR : HUBERT BEUVE-MÉRY – DIRECTEUR : JEAN-MARIE COLOMBANI Le nouveau visage Bush sort victorieux des élections d’« aden » A mi-mandat présidentiel, le Parti républicain est majoritaire au Congrès après le scrutin du 5 novembre LES RÉPUBLICAINS ont rem- f LE GUIDE des sorties culturelles porté une victoire remarquable Le parti revient cette semaine dans une for- aux élections du mardi 5 novem- du président mule rénovée. En cinq rubriques – bre, donnant au président George Musiques, Cinéma, Scènes, Arts et W. Bush la majorité dans les deux a la majorité dans En famille –, aden, distribué en Ile- Chambres du Congrès. Mal élu en de-France, propose une sélection 2000, M. Bush voit son assise politi- les deux Chambres de sorties, de spectacles, les dates que renforcée par un succès électo- du Congrès des concerts à réserver dès mainte- ral qui lui donne une marge de nant, un choix de disques et de manœuvre plus grande encore f DVD. dans la stratégie qu’il entend sui- La Maison Blanche Autre innovation : notre supplé- vre face à l’Irak. Sur ce front-là éga- confortée ment, disponible en version Web, lement, il devrait enregistrer cette et sa newsletter sont accessibles semaine un succès avec le vote par gratuitement à l’adresse le Conseil de sécurité de l’ONU fIrak : l’ONU prête http://aden.lemonde.fr. d’une résolution très contraignan- Notre supplément te pour le régime de Bagdad. à voter la résolution Ce scrutin dit de mi-mandat pré- américaine sidentiel voit en général le parti du ROBERT HUE S’EN VA président perdre du terrain au Con- grès.
    [Show full text]
  • South Carolina Department of Natural Resources
    FOREWORD Abundant fish and wildlife, unbroken coastal vistas, miles of scenic rivers, swamps and mountains open to exploration, and well-tended forests and fields…these resources enhance the quality of life that makes South Carolina a place people want to call home. We know our state’s natural resources are a primary reason that individuals and businesses choose to locate here. They are drawn to the high quality natural resources that South Carolinians love and appreciate. The quality of our state’s natural resources is no accident. It is the result of hard work and sound stewardship on the part of many citizens and agencies. The 20th century brought many changes to South Carolina; some of these changes had devastating results to the land. However, people rose to the challenge of restoring our resources. Over the past several decades, deer, wood duck and wild turkey populations have been restored, striped bass populations have recovered, the bald eagle has returned and more than half a million acres of wildlife habitat has been conserved. We in South Carolina are particularly proud of our accomplishments as we prepare to celebrate, in 2006, the 100th anniversary of game and fish law enforcement and management by the state of South Carolina. Since its inception, the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) has undergone several reorganizations and name changes; however, more has changed in this state than the department’s name. According to the US Census Bureau, the South Carolina’s population has almost doubled since 1950 and the majority of our citizens now live in urban areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing the Impact of Key Marine Invasive Non-Native Species on Welsh MPA Habitat Features, Fisheries and Aquaculture
    Assessing the impact of key Marine Invasive Non-Native Species on Welsh MPA habitat features, fisheries and aquaculture. Tillin, H.M., Kessel, C., Sewell, J., Wood, C.A. Bishop, J.D.D Marine Biological Association of the UK Report No. 454 Date www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk About Natural Resources Wales Natural Resources Wales’ purpose is to pursue sustainable management of natural resources. This means looking after air, land, water, wildlife, plants and soil to improve Wales’ well-being, and provide a better future for everyone. Evidence at Natural Resources Wales Natural Resources Wales is an evidence based organisation. We seek to ensure that our strategy, decisions, operations and advice to Welsh Government and others are underpinned by sound and quality-assured evidence. We recognise that it is critically important to have a good understanding of our changing environment. We will realise this vision by: Maintaining and developing the technical specialist skills of our staff; Securing our data and information; Having a well resourced proactive programme of evidence work; Continuing to review and add to our evidence to ensure it is fit for the challenges facing us; and Communicating our evidence in an open and transparent way. This Evidence Report series serves as a record of work carried out or commissioned by Natural Resources Wales. It also helps us to share and promote use of our evidence by others and develop future collaborations. However, the views and recommendations presented in this report are not necessarily those of
    [Show full text]
  • Nearctic Chironomidae
    Agriculture I*l Canada A catalog of Nearctic Chironomidae A catalog of Catalogue des Nearctic Chironomidae Chironomidae delardgion ndarctique D.R. Oliver and M.E. Dillon D.R. Oliver et M.E. Dillon Biosystematics Research Centre Centre de recherches biosyst6matiques Ottawa, Ontario Ottawa (Ontario) K1A 0C6 K1A 0C6 and et P.S. Cranston P.S. Cranston Commonwealth Scientific and Organisation de la recherche Industrial Research scientifique et industrielle du Organization, Entomology Commonwealth, Entomologie Canberra ACT 2601 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Australie Research Branch Direction g6n6rale de la recherche Agriculture Canada Agriculture Canada Publication 185718 Publication 185718 1 990 1 990 @Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1990 oMinistre des Approvisionnement et Services Canada 1990 Available in Canada through En vente au Canada par I'entremise de nos Authorized Bookstore Agents agents libraires agr66s et autres and other bmkstores libraires. or by mail from ou par la poste au Canadian Govemnent Publishing Centre Centre d'6dition du gouvemement du Supply and Servies Canada Canada Oltawa, Canada K1A 0S9 Approvisionnements et Seryies Canada Ottawa (Canada) K1A 0S9 Cat No. A43-I85'7ll99O N" de cat A43-785117990 ISBN 0-660-55839-4 ISBN 0-660-55839-4 Price subject to change without notic€ Prix sujet i changemenl sans pr6avis Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Donn6ee de catalogage avant publication (Canada) Oliver, D.R. Oliver, D.R. A mtalog of Nearctic Chironomidae A atalog of Nearctic Chironomidae (Publication ; 1857/8) (Publiation ; 18578) Text in English and French- Texle en anglais et en frangais. Includes bibliographiel referenes. Comprend des r6f6rences bibliogr. Issued by Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Parasites of Seabirds: a Survey of Effects and Ecological Implications Junaid S
    Parasites of seabirds: A survey of effects and ecological implications Junaid S. Khan, Jennifer Provencher, Mark Forbes, Mark L Mallory, Camille Lebarbenchon, Karen Mccoy To cite this version: Junaid S. Khan, Jennifer Provencher, Mark Forbes, Mark L Mallory, Camille Lebarbenchon, et al.. Parasites of seabirds: A survey of effects and ecological implications. Advances in Marine Biology, Elsevier, 2019, 82, 10.1016/bs.amb.2019.02.001. hal-02361413 HAL Id: hal-02361413 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02361413 Submitted on 30 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Parasites of seabirds: a survey of effects and ecological implications Junaid S. Khan1, Jennifer F. Provencher1, Mark R. Forbes2, Mark L. Mallory3, Camille Lebarbenchon4, Karen D. McCoy5 1 Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 351 Boul Saint Joseph, Gatineau, QC, Canada, J8Y 3Z5; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1V 5BS; [email protected] 3 Department of Biology, Acadia University, 33 Westwood Ave, Wolfville NS, B4P 2R6; [email protected] 4 Université de La Réunion, UMR Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, INSERM 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249.
    [Show full text]
  • First Record of the Marine Alien Amphipod Caprella Mutica (Schurin, 1935) in South Africa
    BioInvasions Records (2017) Volume 6, Issue 1: 61–66 Open Access DOI: https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2017.6.1.10 © 2017 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2017 REABIC Rapid Communication First record of the marine alien amphipod Caprella mutica (Schurin, 1935) in South Africa Koebraa Peters and Tamara B. Robinson* Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602, South Africa E-mail addresses: [email protected] (KP), [email protected] (TBR) *Corresponding author Received: 22 July 2016 / Accepted: 5 December 2016 / Published online: 15 December 2016 Handling editor: Elisabeth Cook Abstract We report the first discovery of the marine amphipod Caprella mutica (Schurin, 1935), commonly known as the Japanese skeleton shrimp, in South African waters. This amphipod is indigenous to north-east Asia and has invaded several regions, including Europe, North America, New Zealand and now South Africa. C. mutica was detected in scrape samples from the hulls and niche areas of four yachts resident to False Bay Marina, Simon’s Town, on South Africa’s South Coast. A total of 2,157 individuals were recorded, comprising 512 males, 966 females (20% of which were gravid) and 679 juveniles. The yachts upon which this amphipod was found were not alongside each other, suggesting that the species is widely distributed within the marina. The presence of C. mutica in South Africa has been anticipated, as previous work highlighted the climatic suitability of the region and the presence of vectors between South Africa and other invaded areas. The fast reproductive cycle of C. mutica, along with its high reproductive output, have important implications for its invasiveness in South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • European Expansion of the Introduced Amphipod Caprella Mutica Schurin 1935
    Aquatic Invasions (2007) Volume 2, Issue 4: 411-421 DOI: 10.3391/ai.2007.2.4.11 © 2007 European Research Network on Aquatic Invasive Species Special issue “Alien species in European coastal waters”, Geoff Boxshall, Ferdinando Boero and Sergej Olenin (eds) Research article European expansion of the introduced amphipod Caprella mutica Schurin 1935 Elizabeth J. Cook1*, Marlene Jahnke1, Francis Kerckhof 2, Dan Minchin3, Marco Faasse4, Karin Boos5 and Gail Ashton6 1Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, UK E-mail: [email protected] 2MUMM, Marine Environmental Management Section, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 3e en 23e Linieregimentsplein, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium, E-mail: [email protected] 3Marine Organism Investigations, 3 Marina Village, Ballina, Killaloe, Co. Clare, Ireland E-mail: [email protected] 4National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] 5Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred Wegener Institut for Polar- and Marine Research, P.O. Box 180, 27483 Helgoland, Germany, E-mail: [email protected] 6Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre, 647 Contees Wharf Road, P.O. Box 28, Edgewater MD 21037, USA, E-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author Received 1 November 2007; accepted in revised form 27 November 2007 Abstract The amphipod Caprella mutica is one of the most rapidly invading species in Europe and has extended its range throughout North Sea and Celtic Sea coasts and the English Channel in less than fourteen years. It was first described from sub-boreal areas of north-east Asia in 1935 and has since spread to both northern and southern hemispheres.
    [Show full text]