Volume 1 Number 2, Winter 1989
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Radio Wars and Revolution in the Caribbean, 1959
1 Alejandra Bronfman Radio Wars and Revolution in the Caribbean, 1959 Abstract For most places in the Caribbean, the term Cold War fails to describe the contentious, noisy, violent politics of the 1950s and ‘60s. In the rapidly changing political contexts of 1957–62, Haiti’s Francois Duvalier and Cuban Fidel Castro rose to power, while in the Dominican Republic Rafael Trujillo’s regime weakened and ended with his assassination in 1961. Actors across the ideological spectrum engaged in transnational ‘Radio Wars’ in their efforts to both undermine and prop up particular regimes. This article will explore those radio wars, understanding them not just as an enactment of the complex politics of the day, but also as the expression of a par- ticular kind of utopian imagining of radio’s potential for political mobilisation. It considers the politics of clandestine broadcasting across ideological, racial and national boundaries in the 1950s and ‘60s Caribbean. Expanding on and engaging a burgeoning literature on radio in Latin America and the Caribbean, attention to ‘Radio Wars’ adds fresh perspectives to histories of the Cold War, decolonisation, and the soundscapes of dictatorship and empire. More pre- cisely, it moves beyond a Soviet-US binary and considers the role of broadcasting and propa- ganda in the making of an inter-Caribbean war of frequencies. KEYWORDS: Broadcasting, Cold War, Cuba, Haiti, Caribbean In a recent article, Kate Lacey observes: ‘Despite notable exceptions, the volume and scope of the national broadcasting histories are freighted heavily towards the Global North.’1 Indeed, broad- casting in the Caribbean has not enjoyed the same depth and breadth of study as North American or European broadcasting. -
1 the Pearl of the Antilles: Haiti in Colonial Times (1492–1791) 2 the Slaves Who Defeated Napoléon: the Haitian Revolution (
Notes 1 The Pearl of the Antilles: Haiti in Colonial Times (1492–1791) 1. Christopher Columbus, The Four Voyages (New York: Penguin Books, 1969; translated by K. M. Cohen), 116. 2. Quoted in Robert D., Nancy G., and Michael Heinl, Written in Blood: The Story of the Haitian People, 1492–1995 (New York: U. Press of America, 1996), 4. 3. Quoted in Eric Williams, From Columbus to Castro: The History of the Caribbean (1970; reprint, New York: Vintage Books, 1984), 34. 4. Quoted in Heinl et al., Written in Blood, 18. 5. Aristide and Christophe Wargny, Jean-Bertrand Aristide: An Autobiography (New York: Orbis Books, 1993), 143. From 1500 to 1650, Spanish imports of gold and silver from the entire New World (including Mexico and Peru) were 80 tons and 16,000 tons, respectively. See Henry Kamen, Empire: How Spain Became a World Power, 1492–1763 (2002; reprint, New York: HarperCollins, 2004), 287. 2 The Slaves Who Defeated Napoléon: The Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) 1. Quoted in Laurent Dubois, Avengers of the New World: The Story of the Haitian Revolution (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004), 100. 2. Antoine Métral, Histoire de l’expédition des Français à Saint-Domingue sous le consulat de Napoléon Bonaparte (1802–1803), suivie des mémoires et notes d’Isaac l’Ouverture (1825; reprint, Paris: Karthala, 1985), 325. 3. Quoted in Wenda Parkinson, “This Gilded African”: Toussaint l’Ouverture (New York: Quartet Books, 1978), 155. 4. “Louverture to Brig. Gen. Domage” (20 Pluviôse Year X [February 9, 1802]), CC9B/19, Archives Nationales, Paris. 218 ● Notes 3 Missed Opportunities: Haiti after Independence (1804–1915) 1. -
405 Bernard Diederich Former Latin America Correspondent Bernard
book reviews 405 Bernard Diederich Seeds of Fiction: Graham Greene’s Adventures in Haiti and Central America, 1954–1983. London: Peter Owen, 2012. 315 pp. (Cloth us$29.95) Former Latin America correspondent Bernard Diederich’s account of his rela- tionship with Graham Greene and their journeys to Haiti and Central America from the 1950s to the 1980s is a most valuable memoir and resource for those interested in the peripatetic author and the troubled Cold War politics of the region. The renowned twentieth-century British writer gives the now retired journalist the perfect entrée to his specialist subject of Latin America in a book that is neatly divided into two equal parts, firstly dealing with Greene in Haiti and later in Central America. Diederich, a New Zealander by birth, details his first brief encounters with Greene from 1954 onward in Haiti, where the correspondent had set up an English-language weekly newspaper and lived with his Haitian wife. Like many writers and artists, Greene was attracted by the exotic black Caribbean repub- lic, independent since 1804. But Haiti’s relative peace was ruined from 1957 by the autocratic rule of country physician François “Papa Doc” Duvalier, who soon ruled the ex-French colony as a repressive dictator, many of his subjects mesmerized by his cultivation of Voodoo. The early part of Diederich’s book gives an overview of Haitian history and is interspersed with travelogue. His newspaper’s anti-Duvalierist stance courts the wrath of the country’s self-appointed president-for-life and his Tontons Macoutes, a murderous plain-clothes militia. -
405 Bernard Diederich Former Latin America Correspondent Bernard
book reviews 405 Bernard Diederich Seeds of Fiction: Graham Greene’s Adventures in Haiti and Central America, 1954–1983. London: Peter Owen, 2012. 315 pp. (Cloth us$29.95) Former Latin America correspondent Bernard Diederich’s account of his rela- tionship with Graham Greene and their journeys to Haiti and Central America from the 1950s to the 1980s is a most valuable memoir and resource for those interested in the peripatetic author and the troubled Cold War politics of the region. The renowned twentieth-century British writer gives the now retired journalist the perfect entrée to his specialist subject of Latin America in a book that is neatly divided into two equal parts, firstly dealing with Greene in Haiti and later in Central America. Diederich, a New Zealander by birth, details his first brief encounters with Greene from 1954 onward in Haiti, where the correspondent had set up an English-language weekly newspaper and lived with his Haitian wife. Like many writers and artists, Greene was attracted by the exotic black Caribbean repub- lic, independent since 1804. But Haiti’s relative peace was ruined from 1957 by the autocratic rule of country physician François “Papa Doc” Duvalier, who soon ruled the ex-French colony as a repressive dictator, many of his subjects mesmerized by his cultivation of Voodoo. The early part of Diederich’s book gives an overview of Haitian history and is interspersed with travelogue. His newspaper’s anti-Duvalierist stance courts the wrath of the country’s self-appointed president-for-life and his Tontons Macoutes, a murderous plain-clothes militia. -
PORT-AU-PRINCE and MONTREAL, 1934-1986 by Grace Louise Sanders a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requiremen
LA VOIX DES FEMMES: HAITIAN WOMEN’S RIGHTS, NATIONAL POLITICS AND BLACK ACTIVISM IN PORT-AU-PRINCE AND MONTREAL, 1934-1986 by Grace Louise Sanders A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History and Women’s Studies) in the University of Michigan 2013 Dissertation Committee: Associate Professor Sueann Caulfield, Chair Associate Professor Jesse E. Hoffnung-Garskof Professor Tiya A. Miles Associate Professor Nadine C. Naber Professor Matthew J. Smith, University of the West Indies © Grace L. Sanders 2013 DEDICATION For LaRosa, Margaret, and Johnnie, the two librarians and the eternal student, who insisted that I honor the freedom to read and write. & For the women of Le Cercle. Nou se famn tout bon! ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank the History and Women’s Studies Departments at the University of Michigan. I am especially grateful to my Dissertation Committee Members. Matthew J. Smith, thank you for your close reading of everything I send to you, from emails to dissertation chapters. You have continued to be selfless in your attention to detail and in your mentorship. Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof, thank you for sharing new and compelling ways to narrate and teach the histories of Latin America and North America. Tiya Miles, thank you for being a compassionate mentor and inspiring visionary. I have learned volumes from your example. Nadine Naber, thank you for kindly taking me by the hand during the most difficult times on this journey. You are an ally and a friend. Sueann Caulfield, you have patiently walked this graduate school road with me from beginning to end. -
Peasants and Religion
Peasants and Religion This study permits the authors to open new perspectives for the understanding of key features of Dominican culture. It is based on an impressive empirical investigation and a penetrating contribution with respect to popular religion and messianic movements. Roberto Cassá, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo A remarkable and exhaustive study that should be required reading for anyone with a serious interest, not only in the island of Hispaniola, but in the Latin American peasantry and folk religion. Bernard Diederich, ex Time magazine correspondent for Mexico, Central America and the Carribbean Peasants and Religion is a very rare example of a work of ‘social science’ in the true sense of the word, one that transcends the traditional divisions between economics, history, anthropology and political science. Its analytical depth and richness make it a remarkably integrated contribution in the tradition of Gunnar Myrdal. Ronald Findlay, Columbia University Its importance lies in the attempt to show how this microcosm might explain the continuing power of religion. It provides a laboratory ‘experiment’ which could also explain the origins of the world’s great religions. Deepak Lal, University of California, Los Angeles The authors have given us a painstakingly detailed reconstruction of dramatic events. With a fine historical sense, they analyze the subject within the framework of economic and political change in the Dominican Republic. Magnus Mörner, University of Göteborg An ambitious and meticulous work, whose conceptual -
COGE Annual Report 2018-2019.Pdf
Rhode Island College Annual Report of the Committee on General Education May 8, 2019 Summer Assessment The summer 2018 assessment project, led by Dr. Maureen Reddy, focused on First Year Seminar. From detailed evaluation of the responses of FYS instructors, it was concluded that a restructuring of the College’s interaction with first year students is warranted. (Full report). The assessment report led to the proposal for RIC 100, a new one-credit course for all incoming first year students. The course was later proposed in detail, approved by COGE and UCC, and is being implemented in Fall, 2019. (Course proposal) RIC 100 will be offered each semester, with most of the sections in the fall. The current plan is for several large sections in the 12:00-1:00 time period on Wednesdays to allow students to attend (be taken to) major all-campus events. It is acknowledged that some sections will have to be at other times including evenings. A mechanism is needed to ensure that students are not charged extra for the course at the 18-credit limit. The course will need constant assessment including looking at changes in retention data. Consensus is that while Rhode Island College staff or adjuncts will be presenting many of the topics in their areas of expertise, a regular faculty member should be the instructor of record in each section and present at least some of the sessions. The faculty and staff participating in the course would have the same training to increase the likelihood that we deliver a consistent message. -
TRUJILLO: EL FANTASMA Y SUS ESCRITORES (Análisis Y Sistematización De La Novela Del Trujillato)
UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA DEPARTAMENTO DE LITERATURA ESPAÑOLA TESIS DOCTORAL TRUJILLO: EL FANTASMA Y SUS ESCRITORES (Análisis y sistematización de la novela del trujillato) Ana Gallego Cuiñas FEBRERO, 2005 “aquel que teniendo a su cargo una multitud fácilmente sumisa, no perdona la sangre de su misma raza, sino que, levantando falsas acusaciones, como suele suceder, lleva a sus adversarios a los tribunales y se mancha de sangre en ellos inmolando sus vidas y gustando de la misma sangre de su linaje con su boca y su lengua impuras. Su labor se cifra en desterrar y matar y en proponer el perdón de las deudas y el reparto de las tierras, por lo que no es extraño deba perecer a manos de sus enemigos, o convertirse en tirano”. Platón, La República “Una tierra cuya capa vegetal tiene debajo pólvora y candela, humo y sueño, sueño y pólvora, juntos” Marcio Veloz Maggiolo, De abril en adelante “Nadie que esté satisfecho es capaz de escribir, nadie que esté de acuerdo, reconciliado con la realidad, cometería el ambicioso destino de inventar realidades verbales” Mario Vargas Llosa. “La literatura hispanoamericana no es un mero conjunto de obras sino también las relaciones entre esas obras. Cada una de ellas es una respuesta, declarada o tácita, a otra obra escrita por un predecesor, un contemporáneo o un imaginario descendiente. Nuestra crítica debería explorar estas relaciones contradictorias y mostrarnos cómo esas afirmaciones y negaciones excluyentes son también, de alguna manera, complementarias”. (Octavio Paz, Inmediaciones) ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN: LA NOVELA DEL TRUJILLATO 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. LA NOVELA DEL TRUJILLATO: UN MOTIVO DE DISCUSIÓN 2.1. -
The Political Culture of Free People of African Descent in Eighteenth-Century New Granada (1750-1810)
THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF FREE PEOPLE OF AFRICAN DESCENT IN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY NEW GRANADA (1750-1810) by Katherine Bonil Gómez A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland February, 2017 © _2017 Katherine Bonil Gómez All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT This dissertation is a study of the lives and political culture of free people of African descent in eighteenth-century Colombia. It explores the ways in which free people of African descent interacted with the Hispanic monarchy institutions and how these interactions shaped their conception of their membership in the body politic and constituted themselves as political subjects. I analyze the ways in which these subjects were incorporated to the Monarchy, how they understood, claimed and negotiated this membership, and how, in this process, they forged their own political notions. I pay attention to the different repertoires of actions of free people and analyze the different ways in which they manifested discontent and participated in politics. Chapter 1 offers an overview of the population of free people in eighteenth-century Colombia. Chapters 2, 3, and 4 delve into three different groups of free people, traders, fluvial workers, and urban and rural poor. Chapter 5 explores participation free people of African descent in one of the largest upheavals of the colonial era, the Comunero revolt. I argue that the corporative and jurisdictional nature of the composite Hispanic monarchy had enduring effects on the ways in which free people of African descent imagined and framed their relation to the state. Free vassals of African descent were not allowed a corporate existence as indigenous group. -
Chapter Ii the Foundations of International Inter- Course
CHAPTER II THE FOUNDATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL INTER- COURSE The revolted Spanish colonies send messengers toWashington—The early policy of the United States concerning the Spanish-American Revolution—The policy of Portugal- Monrocs Message of March 5, 1522—The Lay, of May 4, 18fl—The United States acknowledges the independence of Hispanic-American nations—The first legations of the United States in Hispanic America—Early hispanic-American legations at Washing- ton—The intervention of the Holy Alliance in Spain—The promulgation of the Monroe Doctrine—Its reception in hispanic-American countries—The policy of England toward the new republics—The acknowledgment of Brazil's independence by England and Portugal—Tardy recognition of the Spanish-American republics by the motherland— The rôle of the United States. The establishment of diplomatic intercourse between the United States and Hispanic-American nations was presaged by the appointment of agents from the revolted Spanish colonists to the government at Washington. At Caracas the provisional junta soon selected Juan Bolivar and Telesforo de Orea to carry to the United States the news of the changes that had occurred in Venezuela) Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, in December, 1810, commissioned Paseasio Ortiz de Letona to negotiate a treaty of commerce and alliance with the United States.' In June, 1811, the junta of Buenos Aires instructed two agents bearing assumed names to proceed to Washington and to secure arms from the Republic of the North. 3 Although President Madison could not receive such messengers at a time when the provisional gov- ernments in Spanish America had not even declared themselves independent of the motherland, yet their activities directed the attention of the people and the government of the United States 'Robertson, "Francisco de Miranda and the Revolutionizing of Spanish America;' in American Iliotoncal Assoc,oiaois Report, 1907, vol. -
Re-Envisioning History: Memory, Myth and Fiction in Literary Representations of the Trujillato
RE-ENVISIONING HISTORY: MEMORY, MYTH AND FICTION IN LITERARY REPRESENTATIONS OF THE TRUJILLATO By CHRISTINA E. STOKES A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2009 1 © 2009 Christina E. Stokes 2 In Memoriam Alvaro Félix Bolaños Luis Cosby 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my deepest thanks to all the people who have made this study possible. I deeply thank Dr. Efraín Barradas who has been my mentor and advisor during my years as a doctoral student. His guidance and insight have been invaluable. I also want to the thank the rest of my committee, Dr. Félix Bolaños, Dr. Tace Hedrick, Dr. Reynaldo Jiménez, and Dr. Martín Sorbille, for their help in contextualizing my work and careful reading of this study. I thank Dr. Andréa Avellaneda, Dr. Geraldine Cleary Nichols and Dr. David Pharies for being wonderful teachers and mentors. Many thanks go to the staff of the Department of Spanish and Portuguese, especially Ann Elton, Terry Lopez, and Sue Ollman. I also thank the staff of the Latin American Collection of Smathers Library, Paul Losch and Richard Phillips for their invaluable help in obtaining texts. I would also like to express my gratitude to my mother, Consuelo Cosby and my sister, Angela O’Connell for their encouragement and enthusiasm. Finally, I thank my husband, John and stepdaughter, Shelby for their love and support. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...............................................................................................................4 -
The United States and the Independence of Buenos Aires
Fort Hays State University FHSU Scholars Repository Fort Hays Studies Series 1961 The nitU ed States and the Independence of Buenos Aires Eugene R. Craine Fort Hays State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.fhsu.edu/fort_hays_studies_series Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Craine, Eugene R., "The nitU ed States and the Independence of Buenos Aires" (1961). Fort Hays Studies Series. 37. https://scholars.fhsu.edu/fort_hays_studies_series/37 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by FHSU Scholars Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fort Hays Studies Series by an authorized administrator of FHSU Scholars Repository. history series no. 2 ma~,ch 1961 .' ffhe Fort Hays Studies-New Series is published quart!'rly by Fort Hays Kausas State College, Hays, Kansas. Entered as ~econci-clctss matter. Eugene R. Craine The United States and the Independence of Buenos Aires fort hays studies-new series history series no. 2 march 1961 Fort Hays Kansas State College Hays, Kansas Fort Hays Studies Committee WELTY, RAYMOND L. PAULK. FRIESNER, chairman STOUT,ROBERTA MARPLE, ROBERT SPANGLER, ROBERT J. W ALICER, M. V. Copyright 1961 by Fort Hays Kansas State College Library of Congress Card Catalog No. 61-62652 ii Dr. Eugene R. Craine Biographical Sketch of the Author Dr. Eugene Richard Craine has specialized for several years in American Diplomatic history relative to Latin America and the Far East. He received his advanced training as a historian at the Uni- versity of Oklahoma, where he was granted his doctorate in 1954. He served with the United States Army in the Far East during the Second World War and is now Professor of History, Director of the Foreign Service program, and Adviser of the Department of His- tory at Fort Hays Kansas State College.