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Volume 2 Winter 2, Winter/Spring 1990 Hemisphere Volume 2 Article 1 Issue 2 Winter/Spring 1990 Volume 2 Winter 2, Winter/Spring 1990 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/lacc_hemisphere Part of the Latin American Studies Commons Recommended Citation (1990) "Volume 2 Winter 2, Winter/Spring 1990," Hemisphere: Vol. 2 : Iss. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/lacc_hemisphere/vol2/iss2/1 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the Kimberly Green Latin American and Carribbean Center (LACC) Publications Network at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hemisphere by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Volume 2 Winter 2, Winter/Spring 1990 This issue is available in Hemisphere: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/lacc_hemisphere/vol2/iss2/1 ~lill Discover Latin America with American Express Unique landscapes. Gracious and friendly people. Lands alive with legends. The American Express®'" Card can help you enjoy all of Latin America. The Card is welcomed at fine shops, luxurious hotels and charming restaurants throughout Latin America. And at our Travel Service Offices * you have a variety of unparalleled services, like emergency Card replacement, American Express®"RTravelers Cheque refunds and personal check cashing. Enjoy the enchantments of Latin America. And remember, if you need us, we're here to help. *Offices of American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc., its affiliated Companies and Representatives. ®SMRegistered Trademark of American Express Company © 1987 American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc. Hemisphere A MAGAZINE OF LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN AFFAIRS Winter/Spring1990 Volume Two * Number Two Five Dollars EDITORIAL STAFF Editor: Anthony P. Maingot COMMENTARY Deputy Editor: Richard Tardanico Associate Editors: Eduardo A. Gamarra, The Aid Morass by Charles Flickner Mark B. Rosenberg Assistant Editor: Sofia A. L6pez Negotiating Shock by Mark B. Rosenberg Book Review Editor: Kathleen Logan Bibliographer: Marian Goslinga Circulation Manager: Adolfo Leyva Graphic Designer: Juanita Mazzarella Baert Copy Editor: Michael B. Joslyn REPORTS Production Assistants: Cristina Finlay, Raquel Jurado, Teresita Marill, Rene Ramos Human Rights: Peruvian Responses by Michael Shifter CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Austerity and Labor by John Walton Janet M. Chernela Raul Moncarz Rodolfo Cortina Dario Moreno El Pacto: There They Go Again! by David Barkin DennisJ. Gayle Lisandro Perez Jerry Haar Luis Salas Bolivia's Perestroika? by Eduardo A. Gamarra Peter Habermann Mark D. Szuchman Rica's Resource Challenges by Lori Ann Thrupp Suzanne Koptur Costa EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Francisco Rojas Aravena Robert A. Pastor Ettore Botta AnthonyJ. Payne FAXFILE Bernard Diederich Guido Pennano Roberto Espindola Alejandro Portes Gustav Franco Sally Price WolfGrabendorf David Ronfeldt Harry Hoetink Selwyn Ryan Vaughan Lewis Steven E. Sanderson FEATURES Larissa A. Lomnitz Saskia Sassen Abraham F. Lowenthal Carol A. Smith Renewal inChile Frank Manitzas Yolande Van Eeuwen Richard Millet Arturo Villar Democracy on a Tether by Brian Loveman Andres Oppenheimer Juan Yafies Rebirth of Consensus by Pamela Constable Hemisphere (ISSN 08983038) is published three times a year (Fall, Winter/Spring, and Summer) The Art of Resistance and Renewal by Hugo Castillo by the Latin American and Caribbean Center of Florida International University. Copyright © 1990 by the Latin American and Caribbean Center, Florida International University. All Grassroots Religion rights reserved. Hemisphere is dedicated to provoking debate on Evangelical Awakening by David Stoll the problems, initiatives, and achievements of Latin America and the Caribbean. Responsibility Divided Nation, Divided Church by Brady Tyson for the views expressed lies solely with the authors. Sipari Mai by Aisha Khan EDITORIAL, CIRCULATION, AND ADVER- TISING OFFICES: Latin American and Carib- bean Center, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, Florida 33199. Telephone: 305/348-2894. FAX: 305/348-3593. FORUM Please address manuscripts and editorial cor- REVIEW the Deputy Editor. respondence to Haiti: New Cast, Old Script by Alex Stepick SUBSCRIPTIONS: US, USVI, PR, and Canada: $14 a year. Elsewhere: $22 a year. Please make check or money order (US currency only) payable to Hemisphere. PUBLICATIONS UPDATE This document was produced at a cost of $9,548.72 or $3.18 per copy. Protestantism in Latin America by Marian Goslinga C M M The Aid Morass by Charles Flickner Almost no members of Con- or cancellation of appropriations) Washington. The warmest gress stood forward with Dole, but will occur in October. Only Januaryt was a strange ever was winter bracketed in few criticized him. Senate Appro- maverick Ways and Means Com- by extreme cold in November priations Committee chair Robert mittee chair Dan Rostenkowski and March. The cherry trees Byrd joined in the attack on cur- has shown the courage to offer a and magnolias weren't the on- rent aid priorities, but didn't focus proposal that actually reduces the ly ones confused. The capital city on Latin America. By April the deficit to the Gramm-Rudman tar- itself couldn't decide how to re- Bush administration made it clear get of $66 billion. spond to the astonishing changes that, unless the global sum of With gridlock anticipated for in Eastern Europe and Central foreign aid was expanded, it too next year's budget, the scramble is America. It's blowing hot and cold would favor "shaving" the existing on to stuff additional domestic on the prospects for US aid. levels for traditional recipients, in- and international spending into As many pundits bemoan Wash- cluding Egypt and Israel. the budget for the current fiscal ington's supposedly parsimonious year, which ends on September response to appeals for assistance, 30. There's one obstacle, though. the gap between myth and reality This year's budget is already $4 bil- in the federal government grows lion over the Gramm-Rudman ceil- larger. Perhaps the most common ing. Additional spending for assessment was reflected by a New Panama and Nicaragua, not to York Times headline, "Congress, mention Eastern Europe, requires Hoping to Aid New Democracies, a 60-vote supermajority in the Finds Itself Shackled by Budget." Senate to set aside the budget The executive branch could re- ceiling. spond, if it had a common voice, Following the precedent set "Look, we've sent up to Capitol with several of the contra aid pack- Hill generous appropriations re- ages, the Bush administration quests. Why doesn't Congress get opted to offset its $800-million aid off the dime and act?" package for Panama and Nicara- gua with equal reductions in the Politics on the Hill defense budget. When on Febru- ary 26 the defeat of Daniel Ortega Returning from a December 1989 in Nicaragua's presidential elec- trip to Latin America, Senate tion surprised Washington, Republican leader Bob Dole broke detailed legislation to implement a Washington taboo regarding the the Panama package was put on sanctity of foreign aid levels to hold until it could be combined Israel and Egypt, the Camp David with assistance for Nicaragua. twins. Dole suggested that the This package, too, is to be paid for only way for the US to help emerg- by the Defense Department, but it ing democracies in Eastern has become so bogged down in Europe and Latin America would Capitol Hill politics that Dole be to reduce aid for the current The fiscal 1991 budget process stated that Nicaraguan president major beneficiaries: Israel, Egypt, is dead in the water. With the Violeta Chamorro's "first term Pakistan, and Turkey. Democratic Congress and the may expire before we get the aid Republican president at odds over down there." defense spending and taxes, in- It is clear no supplemental ap- Charles Flickner is a Senate siders are betting that an across- propriation (i.e. stuffing items into Republican staff member. the-board sequester (a kidnapping the current budget) is likely to Hemisphere . Winter/Spring 1990 Y become law before mid-summer. similar arrangement is sug- February 28 statement and held Advocates of domestic spending gested-will react to using US several private meetings on the were unwilling to pass a "clean" grant funds to keep alive the myth Hill to discuss the matter. The supplemental budget limited to that the multilateral banks never murder of six Jesuits may have international items on the make bad loans. been the last straw for Republican president's "must do" list without stalwarts on military aid to El adding some of the items they Salvador. It certainly was for deemed urgent or unlikely to sur- Democrats. vive a Gramm-Rudman sequester. The fear in Latin America, that the attractions of newly demo- Bush and Central America cratic Eastern Europe will divert development aid and investment, On March 13 President Bush final- may prove to be greatly exag- ly decided to take personal respon- gerated. Except for Poland, there sibility for expediting both the is little public support for massive Panama package and a newly an- aid to Eastern Europe. Besides, nounced $300-million Nicaraguan some of the new democracies aid package through Congress. know too well the hidden costs of Was he concerned about the hosting a huge aid establishment, health of Panama's president and don't want traditional foreign Guillermo Endara, who was then aid. Clearly US bilateral aid to engaged in a marathon fast Latin America and the Caribbean against the slow US response? will remain far larger than assis- Bush's ability to get his way with tance to Eastern Europe. The Congress should not be under- drug war will insure that. estimated. His veto of the bill to One of the positive results of extend visas for Chinese students the US obsession with Central demonstrated what a dogged America over the past decade is a Bush could accomplish. core of insiders on Capitol Hill The proposed Panama aid who have a lot invested in the package set an unusual precedent.
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