Study & Evaluation Scheme

Of

Bachelor of Physiotherapy [Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 till revised] [with revision approved by AC/EC meeting date September 21, 2013]

TEERTHANKER MAHAVEER UNIVERSITY N.H.-24, Delhi Road, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh-244001 Website: www.tmu.ac.in

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 1 TEERTHANKER MAHAVEER UNIVERSITY (Established under Govt. of U. P. Act No. 30, 2008) Delhi Road, Bagarpur, Moradabad (U.P) Study & Evaluation Scheme

of Bachelor of Physiotherapy SUMMARY

Programme : Bachelor of Physiotherapy (BPT) Four years full time and six months internship (Annual Duration : System) Medium : English Minimum Required Attendance : 75 % (Theory) 80 % (Lab) Maximum Credits : 104 Minimum credits required for the degree : 104 Internal External Total Assessment (Theory) : 30 70 100 Class Class Class Assignment(s) Other Total Test Test Test Activity I II III (including Internal Evaluation (Theory Best two out of the attendance Papers) three 10 10 10 5 5 30

Internal External Total Evaluation Lab/Dissertations & Project 50 50 100 : Reports

External Internal Duration of Examination : 3 hrs. 1 ½ hr.

To qualify the course a student is required to secure a minimum of 50% marks in each subject including the year-end examination and teacher’s continuous evaluation (i.e. both internal and external). A candidate, who secures less than 50% marks in the year end examination, shall be deemed to have failed in that subject/course(s). To be eligible for the next year-end examination, a candidate must not have failed in more than two papers. Failure to fulfil this requirement will cause the student either to revert back to corresponding junior batch of students and continue his/her studies with them for rest of the program or clear the backlog as an external/ reappear candidate. A candidate who has been placed under re-appear category in any of the subject shall be allowed to appear in supplementary examination to be conducted within six months after declaration of the result. Students failing in this supplementary examination shall be given another chance to appear in examination at the end of the year with the next batch. A student has to pass mandatorily in theory & Lab separately. If a candidate fails in either theory or Lab, he/she will have to reappear in both.. Note: For internal assessment purpose, there will be three Class Tests in a year and best two tests will be considered for the final result. Those students who have been admitted through lateral entry have to qualify the examination of biochemistry in the second year of BPT.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 2 Study & Evaluation Scheme Programme: Bachelor of Physiotherapy Year -I

Sl. Course Subject Periods Credits Evaluation Scheme No Code L S P Internal External Total 1 BPT102 Human Anatomy 4 - - 4 30 70 100 2 BPT103 Human Physiology 4 - - 4 30 70 100 3 BPT104 Biochemistry 2 - - 2 30 70 100 4 BPT105 Fundamentals of Exercise 3 - - 3 30 70 100 Therapy 5 BPT106 Fundamentals of Electrotherapy 3 - - 3 30 70 100 6 BPT108 Communication Skills 3 - - 3 30 70 100 7 BPT151 Human Anatomy (Lab) - - 3 2 50 50 100 8 BPT152 Human Physiology (Lab) - - 2 1 50 50 100 9 BPT153 Biochemistry (Lab) - - 2 1 50 50 100 10 BPT154 Fundamentals of Exercise Therapy (Lab) - - 3 2 50 50 100 11 BPT155 Fundamentals of Electrotherapy - - 2 1 50 50 100 (Lab) Total 19 12 26 430 670 1100

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 3 YEAR – II

Sl. Course Subject Periods Credits Evaluation No Code Scheme Total L S P Internal External 1 BPT201 Electro Therapy & Actino- 3 - - 3 30 70 100 therapy 2 BPT202 Exercise Therapy 3 - - 3 30 70 100 3 BPT203 Biomechanics & Kinesiology 4 - - 4 30 70 100 4 BPT204 Pathology & Microbiology 5 - - 5 30 70 100 5 BPT205 Pharmacology 3 - - 3 30 70 100 6 BPT206 Psychology & Sociology 4 - - 4 30 70 100 7 BPT251 Electro Therapy & - - 4 2 50 50 100 Actinotherapy (Lab) 8 BPT252 Exercise Therapy (Lab) - - 4 2 50 50 100 9 BPT253 Biomechanics & Kinesiology - - 2 1 50 50 100 (Lab) 10 BPT254 Seminar - 2 - 1 50 50 100 Total 22 2 10 28 380 620 1000

YEAR – III

Sl. Course Subject Periods Credits Evaluation Scheme No Code Total L S P Internal External 1 BPT301 Surgery 3 - 3 30 70 100 2 BPT302 Medicine 3 - 3 30 70 100 3 BPT305 Physical Diagnosis & 3 - 3 30 70 100 Manipulative Skills 4 BPT306 Clinical Orthopedics 3 3 30 70 100 5 BPT307 Clinical Neurology 3 - 3 30 70 100 6 BPT352 Medicine (Lab) - - 2 1 50 50 100 7 BPT355 Physical Diagnosis & Manipulative Skills(Lab) - - 2 1 50 50 100 8 BPT358 Clinical Orthopedics (Lab) - - 2 1 50 50 100 9 BPT359 Clinical Neurology (Lab) - - 2 1 50 50 100 10 BPT356 Seminar - 2 - 1 100 100 11 BPT357 Supervised Clinical Training - - 4 2 50 50 100 Total 15 2 12 22 500 600 1100

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 4 YEAR – IV

Sl. Course Subject Periods Credits Evaluation Scheme No Code Total L S P Internal External Physiotherapy in Orthopaedic 1 BPT401 3 - - 3 30 70 100 Conditions Physiotherapy in Neurological 2 BPT402 3 - - 3 30 70 100 Conditions Physiotherapy in Cardio 3 BPT406 Respiratory and General 3 - - 3 30 70 100 Conditions 4 BPT407 Physiotherapy in Sports 3 - - 3 30 70 100 Rehabilitation in Community 5 BPT408 2 - 2 30 70 100 Medicine & Physiotherapy Research Methodology & Bio- 6 BPT409 2 - 2 30 70 100 Stastistics Physiotherapy in Orthopaedic 7 BPT451 - - 3 2 50 50 100 Conditions (Lab) Physiotherapy in Neurological 8 BPT452 - - 3 2 50 50 100 Conditions (Lab) 9 BPT456 Seminar - 2 - 1 50 50 100

10 BPT457 Supervised Clinical Training - - 6 3 50 50 100 Physiotherapy in Cardio 11 BPT458 Respiratory and General - - 3 2 50 50 100 Conditions (Lab) 12 BPT459 Physiotherapy in Sports (Lab) - - 2 1 50 50 100 Rehabilitation in Community 13 BPT460 - - 2 1 50 50 100 Medicine & Physiotherapy (Lab) Total 16 2 19 28 530 770 1300

L – Lecture P- Lab S= Seminar C-Credits 1L = 1Hr 1P= 1 Hrs 1S=1Hr 1C =1 Hr of Lecture = 2 Hrs of Lab/Seminar

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 5 Evaluation Scheme for Lab (Internal & External)

Internal Evaluation (50 Marks) The internal evaluation would be done by the internal Examiner based on the experiment conducted before and during the examination.

PRACTICAL PERFORMANCE DURING THE SESSION (25 MARKS) ATTENDANCE EXPERIMENT/ VIVA TOTAL (5 MARKS) SHORT CASE (10 MARKS) INTERNAL (10 MARKS) (50 MARKS) EXPERIMENT/CASE STUDENT MANUAL (15 MARKS) (10 MARKS)

External Evaluation (50 marks) The external evaluation would be done by the external Examiner based on the experiment conducted during the examination.

EXPERIMENT/LONG STUDENT MANUAL VIVA TOTAL EXTERNAL CASE (10 MARKS) (20 MARKS) (50 MARKS) (20 MARKS)

Theory Question Paper Structure

The question paper shall be divided in three sections.

 Section A shall comprise of 10 multiple choice questions (MCQ) of one mark each.

 Section B shall consist of nine short answer type questions (SAQ) of five marks each, out of which a student shall be required to attempt any six questions.

 Section C shall contain three long answer type questions of 15 marks each; student shall be required to attempt any two of them.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 6 B.P.T Ist YEAR HUMAN ANATOMY Minimum Hours: Theory-180 Hrs., Lab- 100 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT102 L-4, S-0, P-0, C-4 Course Contents:

It is designed to provide students with the working knowledge of the structure of the human body which is essential foundation for their clinical studies. Studies are concerned with the topographical and functional anatomy of the limbs and thorax. Particular attention is paid to the muscles, bones and joints of the regions. The abdomen, pelvis, perineum, head and neck and central nervous system (CNS) are studied with particular reference to topics of importance to physiotherapists. The study of the CNS includes detailed consideration of the control of motor function.

1. General Anatomy  Introduction to Anatomy, terms and terminology.  Regions of Body, Cavities and systems.  Surface anatomy – musculo-skeletal, vascular, cardiopulmonary system  General Embryology.  Applied anatomy.

2. Musculoskeletal system  Connective tissue & its modification, tendons, membranes, special connective tissue.  Bone structure, blood supply, growth, ossification, and classification.  Muscle classification, structure and functional aspect.  Joints – classification, structures of joints, movements, range, limiting factors, sability, blood supply, nerve supply, dislocations and applied anatomy.

2 (a) Upper Extremity:  Bony architecture  Joints – structure, range of movement  Muscles – origin, insertion, actions, nerve supply  Major nerves – course, branches and implications of nerve injuries  Development of limb bones, muscles and anomalies  Radiographic identification of bone and joints  Applied anatomy

2 (b) Lower Extremity:  Bony architecture  Joints – structure, range of movement  Muscles – origin, insertion, actions, nerve supply  Major nerves – course, branches and implications of nerve injuries

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 7  Development of limb bones, muscles and anomalies  Radiographic identification of bone and joints  Applied anatomy 2 (c) Spine and thorax  Back muscles - Superficial layer, Deep muscles of back, their origin, insertion, action and nerve supply.  Vertebral column – Structure & Development, Structure & Joints of vertebra  Thoracic cage  Radiographic identification of bone and joints  Applied anatomy

2 (d) Head and neck:  Cranium  Facial Muscles – origin, insertion, actions, nerve supply  Tempo-mandibular Joints – structure, types of movement

3. Nervous system  Classification of nervous system  Nerve – structure, classification, microscopy with examples.  Neurons, classification with examples. Simple reflex arc.  Parts of a typical spinal nerve/Dermatome  Central nervous system – disposition, parts and functions  Cerebrum  Cerebellum  Midbrain & brain stem  Blood supply & anatomy of brain  Spinal cord- anatomy, blood supply, nerve pathways  Pyramidal, extra pyramidal system  Thalamus, hypothalamus  Structure and features of meninges  Ventricles of brain, CSF circulation  Development of nervous system & defects  Cranial nerves – (course, distribution, functions and palsy)  Sympathetic nervous system, its parts and components  Parasympathetic nervous system  Applied anatomy

4.(a) Sensory system 4.(b) Structure and function of  Visual system  Auditory system BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 8  Gustatory system  Olfactory system  Somato sensory system

5. Cardiovascular system  Circulatory system – major arteries and veins of the body, structure of blood vessels  Heart structure, positions, chambers, valves, internal & external features  Blood supply to heart  Conductive system of heart

6. Lymphatic system  Circulation, structure & functions  Lymph nodes

7. Respiratory system  Structure of upper and lower respiratory tract  Thorax:  Pleural cavities & pleura  Lungs and respiratory tree  Heart and great vessels  Diaphragm

8. Digestive system  Parts of digestive system  Abdominal cavity – divisions  Muscles of abdominal wall  Liver  Pancreas  Spleen  Alimentary canal  Gall bladder  Intestine (small & large)

9. Urinary and Reproductive system 9 (a) Urinary systems 9 (b) Pelvic floor, innervations  Kidney, Ureter, bladder, urethra 9(C) Genital system – male and female  Reproductive system of male  Reproductive system of female

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 9 10. Endocrine system  Pituitary gland  Thyroid  Parathyroid

Text books:

1. B.D Chaurasia’s Human Anatomy–Regional And Applied; Volume I, Volume II And Volume iii

Refrence Books:

1. Snell [Richard S], Clinical Anatomy For Medical Students: Little Brown And Company Boston. 1995. 2. MOORIE [Kieth L], Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Ed.3. Williams And Wilkins, Baltimore, 1992. 3. Datta [A.K], Essentials Of Human Anatomy: Thorax And Abdomen Ed 2. Vol. I Current Book International, Culcutta 1994. 4. Datta [A.K], Essentials Of Human Anatomy: Head And Neck Ed 2. Vol. II, Current Book International, Culcutta . 5. Singh [Inderbir], Text Book Of Anatomy With Colour Atlas: Introduction, Osteology, Upper Extremity, Lower Extremity. Vol I. P Brothers, New Delhi 1996. 6. Singh [Inderbir], Text Book Of Anatomy With Colour Atlas: Thorax And Abdomen. Vol II. JP Brothers, New Delhi 1996. 7. Singh [Inderbir], Text Book Of Anatomy With Colour Atlas: Head And Neck Central Nervous System. Vol III. JP Brothers, New Delhi 1996. 8. Singh [Inderbir],Human Osteology. JP Brothers, New Delhi 1990.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 10 B.P.T Ist YEAR HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY Minimum Hours: Theory-140 Hrs., Lab-60 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT103 L-4, S-0, P-0, C-4 Course Contents:

At the end of the course the student will be able to explain the normal functioning of all the organ systems and their interaction for well coordinated total body functions with special reference to musculoskeletal, nervous, cardio-respiratory, female Urogenital system & alteration in functions of organs due to aging, Analyze physiological responses & adaptation to environmental stresses with special emphasis on physical activity & temperature.

1. General Physiology  Cell: morphology, Structure and function of cell organelles  Structure of cell membrane  Transport across cell membrane  Intercellular communication  Homeostasis

2. Blood  Introduction-composition & function of blood  W.B.C., R.B.C., Platelets formation & functions, Immunity  Plasma: composition, formation & functions, Plasma Proteins:-types & functions  Blood Groups- types , significance, determination  Hemoglobin  Haemostasis  Lymph-composition, formation, circulation &functions

3. Cardiovascular system  Conducting system-components, impulse conduction  Heart valves  Cardiac cycle- definition, phases of cardiac cycle  Cardiac output- definition, normal value, determinants. Stroke volume and its regulation  Heart rate and its regulation  Arterial pulse, Blood pressure-definition, normal values, factors affecting blood pressure  Shock-definition, classification, causes and features  Basic idea of ECG  Cardiovascular changes during exercise

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 11 4. Respiratory System  Mechanics of respiration  Lung volumes and capacities  Pulmonary circulation, transport of respiratory gases  Factors affecting respiration  Regulation of respiration-neural regulation, voluntary control and chemical regulation  Hypoxia, Hypercapnoea, Hypocapnoea  Artificial respiration  Disorders of respiration- dyspnoea, orthopnoea, hyperpnoea, hyperventilation, apnoea, tachypnoea  Respiratory changes during exercise.

5. Nerve Muscle Physiology  Muscles- classification, structure, properties, Excitation contraction coupling  Motor unit, EMG, factors affecting muscle tension,  Muscle tone, fatigue, exercise  Nerve –structure and function of neurons, classification, properties  Resting membrane potential & Action potential their ionic basis  All or None phenomenon  Neuromuscular transmission  Ionic basis of nerve conduction  Concept of nerve injury & Wallerian degeneration  Synapses  Electrical events in postsynaptic neurons  Inhibition & facilitation at synapses  Chemical transmission of synaptic activity  Principal neurotransmitters.

6. Nervous system  Introduction, central and peripheral nervous system, functions of nervous system  Reflexes- monosynaptic, polysynaptic, superficial, deep &withdrawal reflex  Sense organ, receptors, electrical & chemical events in receptors  Sensory pathways for touch, temperature, pain, proprioception & others  Control of tone & posture: Integration at spinal, brain stem, cerebellar, basal ganglion levels, along with their functions  Motor mechanism: motor cortex, motor pathway:the descending tractspyramidal & extra pyramidal tracts-origin, course, termination & functions.  Upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron paralysis.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 12  Spinal cord lesions- complete transection & hemisection of the spinal cord  Autonomic nervous system :features and actions of parasympathetic & sympathetic nervous system  Hypothalamus  Higher functions of nervous system  Special senses- eye, ear, nose, mouth 7. Renal System  Physiology of kidney and urine formation  Glomerular filtration rate, clearance, Tubular function  Water excretion, concentration of urine-regulation of Na+, Cl-, K+ excretion  Physiology of urinary bladder

8. Digestive System  Digestion & absorption of nutrients  Gastrointestinal secretions & their regulation  Functions of Liver & Stomach.

9. Endocrinology  Physiology of the endocrine glands – Pituitary, Pineal Body, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Gonads, Thymus, Pancreas. Hormones secreted by these glands, their classifications and functions.

10. Male & female reproductive system  Male - Functions of testes, pubertal changes in males, testosterone - action & regulations of secretion.  Female - Functions of ovaries and uterus, pubertal changes, menstrual cycle, estrogens and progestron - action and regulation.

Text Books: 1. Sembulingum, K., Essentials of Medical Physiology, 4th edition, Jp Medical Pub

Refrence Books:

1. Ganong, Review of Medical Physiology , Pub. McGraw Hill, 23rd Edition. 2. Samson Wright's Applied Physiology, Thirteenth Edition (Oxford Medicine Publication . 3. Guyton & Halls, Medical Physiology, 12th edition, Saunders elsevier. 4. Chatterjee, Human Physiology, Central Book Agency .

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 13 B.P.T Ist YEAR BIO-CHEMISTRY Minimum Hours: Theory-80 Hrs., Lab-40 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT104 L-2, S-0, P-0, C-2 Course Contents:

At the end of the course, the candidate will be able to describe structures & functions of cell in brief; normal functions of different components of food, Enzymes, define Basal metabolic rate & factors affecting the same [in brief], with special reference to obesity; nutritional aspects of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins & vitamins & their metabolism with special reference to obesity; define enzymes, discuss in brief, factors affecting enzyme activity; describe in details biochemical aspects of muscle contraction.

1. Biochemical organization of human cell. 2. Carbohydrates-Chemistry, Definition, classification with Digestion and Absorption, glycogenesis, glycolysis, TCA cycle. Hormonal regulation of blood glucose, diabetes mellitus, glycosuria, changes in carbohydrate, protein & lipid metabolism. 3. Proteins:-Definition, Importance, Functional, Classification Digestion & absorption, decarboxylation, deamination, transamination, tranmethylation, Urea cycle, clinical signification of serum urea, function of glycine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, tyrosine. 4. Enzymes: -definition Modern Classification, Factors, affecting enzymes action diagnostic & therapeutics uses & enzymes, iso-enzymes, competitive Non competitive inhibition, Acid base balance. 5. Vitamins:-definition, Classification, Fat & water soluble vitamins, functions Deficiency manifestations sources & RDA. 6. Minerals: - Ca, P, Fe, I, Zinc, Se, Fl, Mg, functions, Source, Deficiency manifestations. 7. Hormones: - definition with mechanism of action, and its classification. 8. Nutrition: - Composition of food, RDA, BMR, SDA, caloric requirement, balanced diet, kwashiorkor, marasmus, nitrogen balance, major dietary & their importance. 9. Clinical Biochemistry: - liver function test, renal function test, and lipid profile in serum. 10. Lipid :- definition, classification with examples, biomedical importance, phospholipids & lipoproteins functions, Digestion & absorption of lipid B- oxidation of fatty acid with energetic, ketone bodies and their & metabolism, cholesterol, importance of cholesterol, obesity. 11. Muscle Contraction: - Mechanism & Biochemical, events Connective Tissue- Biochemistry of connective tissue- collagen-Glyco-protein-proteoglycans. 12. Nucleic acid: - function of DNA, RNA, genetic code.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 14 Basic principles of Laboratory:

a. Clinical significance of some important biochemical constituents in serum in various diseases. b. Introduction to Laboratory apparatus. c. Safety of measurements. d. Quality control: Accuracy, precision, Specificity, Limits of error, allowable in laboratory, Percentage e. Error. f. Basic principles and estimation of blood gases and PH. g. Basic principles and estimation of Electrolyte.

Text books:

1. Murray [Robert Kk], Harper’s Bio Chemistry Ed 24, Prentice Hall. 1996, p925, 2. Ramakrishna [S], Prasanna [Kg], Rajan [R], Text Book of Medical Biochemistry, Edl, orient Langman, Bombay 1980, p717. 3. Vasudevan [Dm] And Sree Kumari [S], Text Book of Bio Chemistry for Medical 4. Students, Ed 1, Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi, 1995, p637. 5. Das [Debajyothi], Biochemistry, Ed. 7, Academic Publishers Calcutta, 1992, P648, 6. Prasad Rm, Rm’s Physiotherapy Textbook Series, Text book of Biochemistry for Bachelor of Physiotherapy First Edition, RM Publications, Mangalore.

Reference Books:

1. Lehininger [albert] et. Al., principles of biochemistry, ed. 3, lbs publishers, delhi, 1993, p1143 2. Orten [james m] and neuhaus [oho.w]. Human biochemistry, ed. 9, mosby, st.louis,1975 p994 3. Strayer [lubert], biochemistry, ed. 4, wh, freeman & co., ny.1995, p1064. 4. Devlin [thomas m], biochemistry with clinical correalation, ed. 4, willey libs, ny 1997,P1186.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 15 B.P.T Ist YEAR FUNDAMENTALS OF EXERCISE THERAPY Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-80 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT105 L-3, T-0, P-0, C-3

In this course, the students will learn the principles and effects of exercise as a therapeutic modality and will learn the techniques in the restoration of physical functions.

Section I 1. Terminologies and Basic Biomechanics: Introduction to movements, Types of muscle contraction (isotonic -concentric, eccentric, isometric-static), Types of muscle work, Group action of muscle. 2. Kinematics of movement: Joint movements, axis and plane. Direction of motion, Magnitude of motion, rate of motion. 3. Kinetics of movement: Force- analysis of force (parallelogram law only), tension, gravity, center of gravity, line of gravity, base of support, Friction- types, Importance, effects and uses, Equilibrium, Fixation and stabilization, Potential energy, kinetic energy, work, power, speed, velocity, acceleration, mass, momentum, inertia, moment arm, torque. 4. Simple machines: Lever- Definition, types and uses, anatomical levers, functional levers in physiotherapy, pulley- types and uses, mechanical advantage, anatomical pulley- Angle of pull, pendulum, Elasticity, springs—properties of springs, springs in series and parallel, Hooke’s law, Pendulum. 5. Therapeutic gymnasium: Orientation to various equipments used in exercise therapy department with its principles, effect and uses – pulleys(system of pulleys, double pulley block), springs(properties of springs, springs in series and parallel), finger ladder, theraband, dumbbells, weights, weight cuff, sand bags, therapeutic balls, parallel bars, shoulder wheel, shoulder ladder, pronator - supinator instrument, static cycle, rowing machine, ankle exerciser, balancing boards, springs.

Section II 6. Starting and derived positions: All fundamental and derived positions with effect, uses and muscle work.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 16 7. Classification of movements (active & passive) – Active movements: a. Free exercise-Definition, classification, principles, technique, indication, contraindication, effects and uses. b. Active assisted exercise: definition, principles, technique, indication, contraindication, effects and uses. c. Assisted- resisted exercise: definition, principles, technique, indication, contraindication, effects and uses. d. Resisted exercise: Definition, classification, principles, technique, indication, contraindication, effects and uses. Difference of manual and mechanical resistance, Specific regimes- delormes, oxford, macqeen, circuit weight training, Types of isometrics. Passive movements: Definition, classification, principles, technique, indication, contraindication, effects and uses. 8. Suspension therapy: Definition, point of suspension, types, indication, contraindication, limitations and benefits. 9. Measurement of Joint range: ROM-Definition, Normal ROM for all peripheral joints & spine, Goniometer-parts, types, principles, uses, Limitations of goniometry, Techniques for measurement of ROM for all peripheral joints. 10. Basic principles of Hydrotherapy. 11. Yoga: – Principles of yoga, basic yogic postures and their physiological effects. Rationale of yoga and physiotherapy. Yoga as applied to physiotherapy.

Text Books: 1. Dena Gardiner K, Principles of Exercise Therapy, Macmillan. 2. Margaret Hollis Lab Exercise Therapy, Pub. Wiley. 3. Duffield, Hydrotherapy Baillière Tindall. 4. Cynthia Norkins, Measurement of Joint Motion F.A. Davis.

Reference Books:

1. Carolyn Kisner, Therapeutic Exercise. F a Davis Company 2. Carolyn Kisner, Lynn Allen Colby, Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, Fa Davis.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 17 B.P.T Ist YEAR FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRO THERAPY Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-40 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT106 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

In this course the student will learn the Principles, Techniques, Effects, Indication, Contra- Indication. and the dosage parameter for various indications of electro therapeutic modalities in the restoration of physical function. The objective of this course is that after the lectures, demonstration, practical and clinics the student will be able to list the indications, contra indications, dosages of electro therapy modalities, demonstrates the different techniques, and describe their effects on various conditions.

Section I-

A. Physics And Basic Electrical Components 1) Conductors & Insulators, Static Electricity- Electric Field, Potential difference & Capacitance. Current Electricity – E.M.F., Ohm’s Law, Thermal Effects of Electrical Currents. Magnetism – Properties of Magnet, Electromagnetic Induction, Lenz’s Law Environmental currents & fields risk factors on prolonged exposure to E.M. field. 2) Rheostat- Types, Potentiometer, Ammeter, Oscilloscope, Transformer -Types, Capacitor, Inductor, Semi-conductors, Thermionic Valves, Transistors, Pulse Generator – Astable Multivibrator 3) Mains Supply – Fuse, Plug, Switch, Wiring of the house, Dynamo. Shock – Types, Effects, Precaution & Treatment

B. Types of electrodes, galvanic skin resistance - electrode -gels- types , significance.

Section II- A. Low frequency Currents: 1) Basic types of current a) Direct Current: types, physiological &therapeutic effects. b) Alternating Current 2) Types of Current used in Therapeutics a) Modified D.C : Faradic Current & Galvanic Current b) Modified A.C : Sinusoidal Current & Diadynamic Current.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 18 3) Faradic Current: Definition, Modifications, Techniques of Application Individual, Muscle and Group Muscle stimulation, Physiological & Therapeutic effects of Faradic Current, Precautions, Indications & Contra-Indications, and Dangers. 4) Galvanic Current: Definition, Modifications, Physiological & Therapeutic effects of Galvanic Current, Indications & Contra-Indications, Dangers, Effect of interrupted galvanic current on normally innervated and denervated muscles and partially denervated muscles. 5) Sinusoidal Current & Diadynamic Current (in Brief). 6) Cathodal / Anodal galvanism. 7) TENS: Define TENS, Types of TENS, Types of Electrodes & Placement of Electrodes, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications.

B. Medium Frequency Currents: 1) Interferential Therapy: Define IFT, Principle of Production of IFT, Static Interference System, Dynamic Interference system, Dosage Parameters for IFT, Electrode placement in IFT, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications.

C. High Frequency Currents: 1) E.M. spectrum - Laws of transmission reflection - refraction - absorption - attenuation. 2) SWD: Define short wave, Frequency & Wavelength of SWD, Principle of Production of SWD, Circuit diagram & Production of SWD, Methods of Heat Production by SWD treatment, Types of SWD Electrode, Placement & Spacing of Electrodes, Tuning, Testing of SWD Apparatus, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers. 3) Ultrasound : Define Ultrasound, Frequency, Piezo Electric effects: Production of US, Continuous & Pulsed mode, Intensity, Thermal effects, Non- thermal effects, Principles & Application of US: Direct contact, Water bag, Water bath, Solid sterile gel pack method for wound. Uses of US, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers of Ultrasound. 4) IRR: Define IRR, wavelength & parameters, Types of IR generators, Production of IR, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indication & Contraindication. 5) UVR: Define UVR, Types of UVR, UVR generators. Physiological & Therapeutic effects. Indications, contraindications. Dangers. 6) LASER: Classification, Methods of application of LASER. Physiological & Therapeutic effects of LASER. Safety precautions of LASER.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 19 D. Superficial heating Modalities: 1) Heat and Cold – Physiological and therapeutic effects, indications/contraindications. 2) Wax Therapy: Principle of Wax Therapy application – latent Heat, Composition of Wax Bath Therapy unit, Methods of application of Wax, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindication, Dangers. 3) Contrast Bath: Methods of application, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications. 4) Moist Heat Therapy: Hydro collator packs – in brief, Methods of applications, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications. 5) Hydrotherapy: Whirl Pool Bath and Hubbard tank -Construction, Method of Application, Therapeutic Uses, Indications & Contraindications. 6)Cryotherapy: Define- Cryotherapy, Principle - Latent heat of fusion, Physiological & Therapeutics effects, Techniques of Applications, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers, Methods of application.

Text Books: 1.Clayton’s Electro Therapy, CBS Publishers & Distributors 2.Low & Read, Electro therapy Explained, Butterworth-Heinemann Limited.

Reference Books: 1.Nelson & Currier, Clinical Electro Therapy Appleton & Lange. 2.Kahn, Electro Therapy , Churchill Livingstone. 3.Jagmohan Singh, Electrotherapy, Jaypee. Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 20 B. P. T. Ist Year COMMUNICATION SKILLS Minimum Hours: Theory-90 Hrs.

Course Code: 108 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 BMLT106/BRIT106/BPT108/COT105

This course is designed to help the student acquire a good command and comprehension of the English language through individual, papers and conferences. The student at the end of training is able to Read and comprehend English language, Speak and write grammatically correct English, Appreciates the value of English literature in personal and professional life.

Unit I Functional Grammar: Patterns & Parts of speech Subject, Predicate, Noun, Pronoun, Adjective, Adverb, Verb, Verb phrases, Conjunction, Interjection. Articles, Preposition, Tenses: functions, Synthesis, Transformation, Spotting errors and correction of sentences. (12 Hours) Unit II Vocabulary: Word formation, Prefix, Suffix, compound words, conversion, Synonyms, Antonyms, Homophones and Homonyms, How to look up a dictionary, The Language of Doctor and Patient, General description and Medical description, Medical abbreviations, Terminology used in Medical Lab Technology etc. (12 Hours)

Unit III Communication: Meaning & importance of communication, elements of human communication, Barriers to effective communication, channels of communication, Language as a tool of communication, 7C’s of Communication, Tips for effective communication. (12 Hours) Unit IV Requisites of Sentence writing: Fragmented sentences, a good sentence, expletives, garbled sentences, rambling sentences, loaded sentences, Parallel Comparison, Series, Squinting construction, Loose & periodic sentences, Dangling participles, ellipsis. (12 Hours)

Unit V Requisites of Paragraph writing: Structure of Paragraph, Coherence & Unity, Development of paragraph, Inductive order, Deductive order, spatial order, Linear, chronological orders, expository writing, and Argumentative writing, Factual description of objects, process, experiments. (12 Hours) Recommended Books: 1. Wren & Martin, High School English Grammar & Composition – S. Chand & Co. Delhi. 2. Lewis Norman, Word Power Made Easy – W.R. Goyal Publication & Distributors, Delhi. 3. Raman Meenakshi & Sharma Sangeeta, Technical Communication-Principles & Practice – O.U.P. New Delhi. 2007. 4. Medical Lab Technology Terminology.

NOTE: This syllabus has been designed to improve the oral and written communication skills of students. The faculty members should put emphasis on Lab (oral) activities for generating students’ interest in language learning. BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 21 B. P. T. Ist Year HUMAN ANATOMY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT151 L-0, S-0 , P-3, C-2 Course Contents:

 Identification and description of all anatomical structures with help of models, charts, CD ROMs etc.  Surface making of lung pleura fissures and lobes of lungs heart abdominal viscera and important nerves and blood vessels.  Demonstration of movements of important joints.  Identification of body prominences on inspection and palpation in the body especially of extremities.  Points of palpation of Nerves & Arteries.

Labs:

1. Romanes [G J], Cunningham Manual Of Lab Anatomy: Upper And Lower Limb Ed 15Vol 1 Oxford Medical Publication, Oxford 1996, P263. 2. Romanes [G J], Cunningham Manual Of Lab Anatomy : Thorax And Abdomen Ed 15 Vol II Oxford Medical Publication, Oxford 1996, P298. 3. Romanes [G J], Cunningham Manual Of Lab Anatomy : Head And Neck And Brain Ed 15 Vol II Oxford Medical Publication, Oxford 1996, P346.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 22 B. P. T. Ist Year HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT152 L-0, S-0, P-2, C-1

Course Contents

1. Haematology – (demonstration only). Identification of blood cells, WBC, RBC, Hb % and color index. 2. Physical fitness 3. Breath holding 4. Mercury column test. 5. Cardiac efficiency test- Hal lad step test- master step test. 6. Blood pressure – effects of change in posture & exercise. 7. Stethography. 8. Voluntary hyperventilation. 9. Spirometry 10. Lung volumes. 11. Perimetry 12. Clinical examination 13. (Respiratory, cardio-vascular system / higher functions / memory / time / orientation / motor & sensory system) 14. Superficial and deep reflexes 15. Tests for the function of cerebellum and cerebrum 16. Normal ECG and EEG

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 23 B. P. T. Ist Year BIOCHEMISTRY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT153 L-0, S-0, P-2, C-1 Course Contents:

1. Qualitative estimation. 2. Test for carbohydrate. 3. Test for protein. 4. Different constituents of normal and abnormal urine. 5. Qualitative estimation of : i. Glucose ,Urea, Bilirubin, Cholesterol, Total protein A/G ratio ii. Demonstration of SGOT, SGPT, GTT.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 24 B. P. T. Ist Year FUNDAMENTALS OF EXERCISE THERAPY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT154 L-0, S-0,P-3,C-2 Course Contents:

Based on Course Code BPT105

(Skills included at Section I & II in Course Code BPT105 to be practiced on self and/or models.) 1. Starting & derived positions 2. Therapeutic Gymnasium suspension therapy, use of accessories such as pulleys springs, shoulder wheel, crutches, finger ladder, therapeutic balls, parallel bars etc applied Biomechanical principles. 3. Goniometry 4. Assessment of Sensations / Reflex testing. 5. Preventive and therapeutic benefits of yoga and physiotherapy. 6. Assessment of Blood pressure / pulse rate / chest expansion & Respiratory rate- Relaxation - all methods. 7. Yoga- Surya Namaskar, spinal extension exercise, spinal flexion exercises, Abdominal exercise, stretching & balancing exercise. Relaxation technique- yog nidra, shavsan, quick relaxation, Deep Relaxation. 8. Demonstration of Asanas and its therapeutic use in the physiotherapy in brief: Padahastasana Padmagusthanasana, Padmasana, Bhujangasana , Paschimottanasana ,Savasana,, Dhanurasana, Yogamudrasana, Uttanpadasana, Vajrasana, Setu bandhasana, Gomukhasana, Pavan muktasana, Sarvangasana, Naukasana, Yog nidra

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 25 B. P. T. Ist Year FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRO THERAPY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT155 L-0, S-0, P-2, C-1 Course Contents:

1. Panel diagrams - Identification of components - Testing the mains supply & Machines. 2. Skills of application of thermal agents.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 26 B.P.T-IInd Year ELECTROTHERAPY & ACTINOTHERAPY Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-80 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT201 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

At the end of the course, the candidate will be able to describe the Physiological effects, Therapeutic uses, Merits/Demerits, Indications & Contraindications of various Low, Medium & High Frequency currents; physiological effects & therapeutic uses of various therapeutic ions & topical pharmaco-therapeutic agents to be used for the application of Iontophoresis & Phonophoresis; acquire the skill of Application of the Electro therapy modes on models, for the purpose of treatment; acquire an ability to select the appropriate mode as per the tissue specific & area specific application.

Section – I A. LOW FREQUENCY CURRENTS: 1. Nerve Muscle Physiology: brief outline 2. Faradic current: • Physiological & Therapeutic effects of Faradic Current, Precautions, Indications & Contra- Indications, Dangers • Techniques, parameters, Group muscle stimulation. • Faradic footbath, Faradism under pressure and muscle re-education. • Dosimetry 3. Galvanic current: • Indications, contraindications, precautions and therapeutic effects of stimulation. • Techniques, parameters, Dosimetry 4. Sinusoidal Current & Diadynamic Current. 5. HVPGS: Parameters & its uses 6. Electro-Diagnosis: • S. D. Curve, Reaction of degeneration, Chronaxie & Rheobase • Outline of EMG & Nerve conduction velocity • Bio-feed back 7. Iontophoresis: • Definition and principles & factors • Indications, effects, techniques, contraindications, precautions and Potential harmful effects. Techniques of Application of Iontophoresis, Selection of Current, Commonly used Ions (Drugs) for pain, hyperhydrosis, would healing. 8. Micro Current 9. Types of Electrical Stimulators a. NMES- Construction component. b. Neuro muscular diagnostic stimulator- construction component. c. Components and working Principles 10. Principles of Application: Electrode tissue interface, Tissue Impedance, Types of Electrode,

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 27 Size & Placement of Electrode – Waterbath, Unipolar, Bi-polar, Electrode coupling, Current flow in tissues, Lowering of Skin Resistance. 11. TENS therapy: • Principle of therapy, Parameters and therapeutic uses. • Theories of pain and pain control. • Indications and contra-indications, Dosimetry

B. MEDIUM FREQUENCY CURRENTS: Definitions, effects, indications, techniques of application, contraindications 1. Interferential therapy: • Physiological, therapeutic effects & dangers, Indications & contra indications • Technique and method of applications, Dosimetry. 2. Russian & Rebox type Current

Section – II C. THERMAL THERAPY MODALITIES: 1. Infrared Therapy: • Therapeutic effects and uses, Techniques of application. • Indications, contraindications precautions and Potential harmful effects. 2. Heating Modalities: • Therapeutic effects and uses, Techniques and applications • Indications, contraindications, precautions and Potential harmful effects of various heat modalities: Paraffin wax bath therapy, Hydro collator packs, Whirlpool and moist heat Heating pads, Hot air chambers. 3. Cold-therapy: • Indications, contraindications and therapeutic effects. • Technique, precautions and Potential harmful effects of treatment, Dosimetry

D. HIGH FREQUENCY CURRENTS: 1. Short wave Diathermy: Continuous & Pulsed • Indications, contraindications and therapeutic effects. • Methods of application-capacitor and induction electrode, precautions and Potential harmful effects of treatment, Dosimetry. 2. Microwave Diathermy: • Characteristics and therapeutic effects. • Application techniques, indications, contraindications, precautions and potential harmful effects, Dosimetry.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 28 Section – III E. ULTRASONIC THERAPY: • Physiological and therapeutic effects & potential harmful effects. • Indications, contraindications, methods of application and precautions, Dosimetry

F. ACTINOTHERAPY: 1. Laser: • Introduction, effects and potential harmful effects. • Indication, contraindications, precautions, method of application, dosimetry 2. Ultraviolet therapy: • Physiological and therapeutic effects- photosensitization • Indications and contraindications and Potential harmful effects. • Methods of application, Sensitizes, Filters, Dosage, wavelength, penetration, tolerance, Treatment / Application condition wise • Comparison between UVR & IR Therapy

G. Care of wound: Application of Electrical Agents like Therapeutic currents, Ultrasound, U.V.R. & LASER, etc.

H. Combination Therapy

I. Traction instruments: Rationale, technique, indications, contraindications, precautions of electric traction equipments.

Text books: 1. Clayton’s Electro Therapy, CBS Publishers & Distributors 2. Low & Read, Electro therapy Explained , Butterworth-Heinemann Limited, 2000

Reference Books: 1. Nelson & Currier, Clinical Electro Therapy Appleton & Lange. 2. Kahn, Electro Therapy , Churchill Livingstone, 2000

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 29 B.P.T-IInd Year EXERCISE THERAPY Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-100 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT202 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

In this course, the students will learn the principles and effects of exercise as a therapeutic modality and will learn the techniques in the restoration of physical functions.

Section – I 1. Methods of Testing a) Functional tests b) Tests for neuromuscular efficiency  Manual Muscle Testing: Concept, introduction, significance, Principles & Aims, Indications & Limitations, Grade systems; Techniques of MMT for group & individual muscles: Techniques of MMT for upper limb /lower limb /spine  Anthropometric Measurements: Muscle girth – biceps, triceps, forearm, quadriceps, calf  Static power Test  Dynamic power Test  Endurance test  Speed test c) Measurement of Limb Length: true limb length, apparent limb length, segmental limb length

2. Goniometry:  Define, Indications, contraindications, uses  Different techniques of goniometry  Measurement of various joints range in normal and disease condition

3. Passive movements: Causes of immobility, Classification of Passive movements, Specific definitions related to passive movements, Principles of giving passive movements, Indications, contraindications, effects of uses, Techniques of giving passive movements.

4. Active movements: • Free, assisted and resisted • Indication, contraindications, advantages and techniques of various types of active exercises. • Clinical methods of strengthening of various muscle groups.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 30 Section – II 5. Muscle Stretching: Stretching – Definition of terms related to stretching; Tissue response towards immobilization and elongation, Determinants of stretching exercise, Effects of stretching, Inhibition and relaxation procedures, Precautions indications and contraindications of stretching, Techniques of stretching for group & individual muscles 6. Relaxation: Definitions: Muscle Tone, Postural tone, Voluntary Movement, Degrees of relaxation, Pathological tension in muscle, Stress mechanics, types of stresses, Effects of stress on the body mechanism, Indications of relaxation, Methods & techniques of relaxation-Principles & uses: General, Local, Jacobson’s, Mitchell’s, additional methods.

7. Joint Mobility: Joint ranges (outer, middle, inner ranges), stiffness, range and limitations Peripheral Joint Mobilization: Biomechanical basis for mobilization, Effects of joint mobilsation, Indications and contraindications, Grades of mobilization, Principles of mobilization, Techniques of mobilization for upper limb, lower limb, Precautions.

8. Massage: • Defination of Massage • Techniques, Indications and Contraindications. • Physiological Effects of Massage on Various Body System • Types of massage

9. Re-education of muscles: • Concept, technique, spatial and temporal summation. • Various reduction techniques and facilitating methods. • Progressive strengthening of various muscle groups in Grade-I-Grade IV. • Muscle strengthening technique

10. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) - Definitions & goals Basic neurophysiologic principles of PNF: Muscular activity, Diagonals patterns of movement: upper limb, lower limb, Procedure: components of PNF, Techniques of facilitation, Mobility: Contract relax, Hold relax, Rhythmic initiation, Strengthening: Slow reversals, repeated contractions, timing for emphasis, Stability: Alternating isometric, rhythmic stabilization, Skill: timing for emphasis, resisted progression, Endurance: slow reversals, agonist reversal. Indications & contraindications.

11. Functional Re-education: • Functional motor skills, e-Motor skills to function independently in ADL • Mobility, Bed / Wheel chair mobility, ambulation • Application of mat exercises Lying to sitting: Activities on the Mat/Bed, Movement and stability at floor level; Sitting activities and gait; Lower limb and Upper limb activities.

12. Balance & Co-ordination: its re-education

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 31  Balance: Definition, Physiology of balance: contributions of sensory systems, processing sensory information, generating motor output Components of balance (sensory, musculoskeletal and biomechanical) Causes of impaired balance, Examination & evaluation of impaired balance, Activities for treating impaired balance: mode, posture, movement, Precautions & contraindications, Types Balance retraining.

 Co-ordination Exercise: Definitions: Co-ordination, Inco-ordination, Causes for Inco- ordination, & Test for co-ordination: equilibrium test, non equilibrium test Principles of co- ordination exercise Frenkel’s Exercise: uses of Frenkel’s exercise, technique of Frenkel’s exercise, progression, home exercise.

13. Posture: Definition, Active and Inactive Postures, Postural Mechanism, Patterns of Posture, Principles of re-education: corrective methods and techniques, Patient education.

Section – III 14. Walking Aids and crutch walking: Types, Measurements, Prescription, Training & Evaluation: Crutches, Canes, frame, wheel chair Crutch Walking: • Description of crutch - components, classification • Good crutch, measurements • Crutch use- Preparation, Training, counseling. • Crutch gaits- types, & significance. • Crutch complications- Palsy, dependency etc.

15. Hydrostatics and Hydrodynamics: • History • Properties of water, Specific gravity, Hydrostatic pressure • Archimedes principle, Buoyancy-law of floatation • Effect of buoyancy on movements performed in water • Equilibrium of a floating body, Bernoulli’s theorem • Physiological effects of exercise in water

16. Hydrotherapy: • Indication, contraindication, benefits, dangers and precautions • Hydrotherapy regimes of exercises, • Hydrotherapy exercise for all age groups • Types of pools and baths

17. Suspension Therapy: • Definition, Principles of suspension & Types of suspension therapy: axial, vertical, pendular • Equipments & accessories, Indications & contraindications, Benefits of suspension therapy • Effects and uses & therapeutic application- Techniques of suspension therapy for upper limb

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 32 & lower limb

18. Aerobic Exercise: Definition and key terms; Physiological response to aerobic exercise, Examination and evaluation of aerobic capacity – Exercise Testing, Determinants of an Exercise Program, The Exercise Program, Normal and abnormal response to acute aerobic exercise, Physiological changes that occur with training, Application of Principles of an Aerobic conditioning program for patients – types and phases of aerobic training. 19. Aquatic exercises

20. Techniques to improve Pulmonary function: a) Breathing exercises-Goals, Types– Inspiratory, Expiratory, Segmental. Forced expiratory Techniques-Huffing/ Coughing, Incentive Spirometry, Peak flow meter b) Postural drainage c) Postures to promote relaxation

21. Individual and Group Exercises: Advantages and Disadvantages, Organisation of Group exercises- Indication, contraindication, types.

22. Principles of Home programme & Ergonomic advise

Text Books: 1. Kisner and Colby. F.A. Davis, Therapeutic Exercises Foundations and Techniques 2. Williams and Wilkins, Therapeutic Exercise, Basmajian. 3. Hollis, Lab Exercise Therapy, Blackwell Scientific Publications. 4. Gardiner, Principle of Exercise Therapy, C.B.S. Delhi. 5. Norkins & White F.A. Davis, Measurement of Joint Motion: A Guide to Goniometry 6. Wood - W.B. Saunders, Beard's Massage.

Reference Books: 1. Butterworth Heinmann, Hydrotherapy, Principles and Practices , Campion . 2. Kendal , Muscle testing and functions , Williams & Wilkins. 3. Daniels and Worthingham's - Muscle testing - Hislop & Montgomery - W.B. Saunder. 4. Edmond Mosby Manipulation and Mobilizations extremities and spinal techniques,. 5. Bates and Hanson , Aquatic Exercise Therapy , W.B. Saunders. 6. Wadsworth Lippincott Manual examination and treatment of spine and extremities. 7. Margarett Hollis, Massage for therapist: Margarett Hollis

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 33 B.P.T-IInd Year BIO-MECHANICS & KINESIOLOGY Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-40 Hrs. Course Code: BPT203 L-4, S-0, P-0, C-4 Course Contents: This course supplements the knowledge of anatomy and enable the student to have a better understanding of the principals of biomechanics and their applications in musculoskeletal function and dysfunction.

Section I 1. Mechanics - Definition of mechanics and Biomechanics

2. Motion: definition, types of motion, plane and axis of motion, factor determining the kind and modification of motion.

3. Force - Definition, diagrammatic representation of force, point of application, classification of forces, concurrent, coplanar and co-linear forces, composition and resolution of forces, angle of pull of muscle

4. Friction

5. Gravity - Definition, line of gravity, Centre of gravity

6. Equilibrium - Supporting base, types, and equilibrium in static and dynamic state

7. Levers - Definition, function, classification and application of levers in physiotherapy & order of levers with example of lever in human body

8. Pulleys - system of pulleys, types and application

9. Elasticity - Definition, stress, strain, HOOKE’S Law

10. Springs - properties of springs, springs in series and parallel, elastic materials in use.

Section II-

11. Muscle structure and function [3 Hours]:  Mobility and stability functions of muscles  Elements of muscle structure  Muscle function  Effects of immobilization, and aging

12. Joint structures and functions:  Joint design, Structure of Connective Tissue, Properties of Connective Tissue, joint function, changes with disease, injury, immobilization, exercise, over use.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 34  Structure and functions of vertebral column.

 Cervical region, thoracic region, lumbar region, sacral region

 Structure and functions of Upper extremity joints – shoulder complex, elbow complex, wrist and hand complex

 Structure and functions of Lower extremity joints – hip joint, knee joint, ankle and foot complex

 Structure and functions of Tempromandibular joint

13. Analysis of Posture and Gait: Static and dynamic posture, postural control, kinetics and kinematics of posture, ideal posture analysis of posture, effects of posture on age, pregnancy, occupation and recreation; general features of gait, gait initiation, kinematics and kinetics of gait, gait in running and stair climbing effects of age, gender, muscle weakness, paralysis in gait; ADL activities like sitting – to standing and lifting.

Text books: 1. Joint Structure and Function – A comprehensive Analysis, JP Bros Medical Publishers, New Delhi. 2. Brunnstrom, Clinical Kinesiology, JP Bros Medical Publishers, Bangalore, 5th Ed 1996, 1stIndian Ed 1998. 3. Clinical Kinesiology for Physical Therapist Assistants, JP Bros Medical Publishers,Bangalore, 1st Indian Ed 1997 4. Measurement of Joint Motion – A Guide to Goniometry - Norkins & White - F.A. Davis. 5. Basic Biomechanics Explained - Low & Reed - Butterworth Heinmann. 6. Kinesiology: Applied to Pathological Motion - Soderberg Lippincott 7. Therapeutic Exercise by Carolyn Kisner, F. A. Davis.

Reference Books: 1. Therapeutic exercise by Basmijjan & Wolf. 2. Muscle testing and functions - Kendall - Williams & Wilkins. 3. Clinical evaluation - Lacote (for Isolated assessment of abdominal muscles), Churchill Livingstone. 4. Muscle stretching & Auto stretching - Olaf Evjenth, Alpta Rehab Forlag. 5. Orthopedic Evaluation- Magee (only for assessment of posture), Saunders Elsevier.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 35 B.P.T-IInd Year PATHOLOGY & MICROBIOLOGY Minimum Hours: Theory-160 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT204 L-5, S-0, P-0, C-5 Course Contents:

This subject follows the basic subjects of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry and it forms a vital link between preclinical subjects and clinical subjects. Pathology involves the study of causes and mechanisms of diseases. Microbiology involves the study of common organisms causing diseases including nosocomial infections and precautionary measures to protect one from acquiring infections. The knowledge and understanding of Microbiology & Pathology of diseases is essential to institute appropriate treatment or suggest preventive measures to the patient.

PATHOLOGY (100 Hrs.)

Section I- 1. General Pathology:  Cell injury-causes, mechanism & toxic injuries with special reference to Physical, Chemical, & ionizing radiation  Reversible injury (degeneration)- types-morphology,- swelling, hyaline, fatty changes,  Intra-cellular accumulation-hyaline mucin  Irreversible cell injury-types of necrosis- apoptosis - calcification- dystrophic & metastasis  Extra-cellular accumulation-amyloidosis, calcification-Pathogenesis- morphology

2. Inflammation & Repair  Acute inflammation - features, causes, vascular & cellular events,  Morphologic variations,  Inflammatory cells & mediators,  Chronic inflammation:- causes, types, non-specific & granulomatous - with examples  Wound healing by primary & secondary union factors promoting & delaying healing process.  Healing at various sites- including-bones, nerve & muscle  Regeneration & repair

3. Immuno - pathology (basic concepts)  Immune system:- organization-cells- antibodies- regulation of immune responses  Hyper-sensitivity  Secondary immuno-deficiency including HIV  Organ transplantation

4. Circulatory disturbances  Edema - pathogenesis - types - transudates /exudates,  Chronic venous congestion- lung, liver, spleen,

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 36  Thrombosis - formation - fate - effects,  Embolism - types- clinical effects.  Infarction - types - common sites  Gangrenes - types – aetiopathogenesis  Shock - Pathogenesis, types, morphological changes

5. Deficiency disorders - Vitamins A, B, C, D

6. Growth Disturbance  Atrophy-malformation, agenesis, dysplasia,  Neoplasia classification, histogenesis, biologic behaviour, difference between benign & malignant tumour  Malignant neoplasms- grades-stages-local & distal spread,  Carcinogenesis - environmental carcinogens  Chemical, Occupational, heredity, viral  precancerous lesions & ca in situ  Tumor & host interactions - systemic effects-metastatic or direct spread of tumors affecting bones, spinal cord, leading to paraplegia, etc.

Section II 7. Specific Pathology: 7.1 CVS  Atherosclerosis - Ischemic heart diseases - myocardial infarction Pathogenesis / Pathology  Hypertension  C.C.F.  Peripheral vascular diseases

7.2 Respiratory  COPD  Pneumonia (lobar, bronco, viral),  T. B. Primary, secondary - morphologic types,  Pleurisies complications.  Lung collapse - atelectasis

7.3 Neuro Pathology  Reaction of nervous tissue to injury - infection & ischemia  Pyogenic meningitis, TBM, Viral,  Cerebrovascular diseases - atherosclerosis - Thrombosis, embolism, aneurysm,  hypoxia, infarction & hemorrhage.  Effects of Hypotension on CNS  Coma

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 37  Polio myelitis- Leprosy- Demyelinating diseases - Parkinsonism'- Cerebral palsy -  metachromatic leucodystrophy - Dementia - Hemiplegia I paraplegia -. Pathogenesis & pathology of Wilson's disease  Peripheral nerve injury

8. Muscle diseases - Muscular dystrophy-hypertrophy-Pseudo-hypertrophy-atrophy, Polio-myelitis Myositis ossificance, necrosis. Regeneration-Myotonia. 9. Neuro - muscular junction - Myasthenia gravis - Myasthenic syndrome. 10. Bone & Joints – fracture healing - Osteomyelitis - rickets – Osteomalacia, Bone tumors Osteoporosis Spondylosis, P.I.D- Scoliosis - Haemarthrosis - Gout - T.B. Arthritis - degenerative - inflammatory - RA-Ankylosing spondylitis, Tenosynovitis. 11. Urinary - commonly encountered in paralytic bladder, common urinary tract infections (brief) - urinary calculi. 12. G.I. System- Gastric/ duodenal ulcer, enteric fever, TB, enteritis, Gastritis (related to consumption of NSAID) 13. Endocrine - Hyperthyroidism – Diabetes. 14. Skin-Melanin pigment disorders - Vitiligo - Taenia versicolor-Psoriasis, Bacterial/fungal infections - cutaneous TB, Soleroderma. SLE, Leprosy Alopacia. 15. Clinical pathology - (including Demonstrations) a. Anemia - (deficiency) - T.L.C./ DL.C./ Eosinophilia, E.S.R., C.P.K, b. Muscle / skin / nerve biopsy

Text Books: 1. Harsh Mohan, Text Book of Pathology Jp Medical Pub.

Refrence Books: 1. Cotran, Kumar, Hobbins, Pathologic Basis of Disease 2. Bhende, General Pathology, Popular Prakashan.

MICROBIOLOGY (60 Hrs.)

1. General Microbiology- Introduction & scope 2. Classification of Micro-organisms & morphology of Bacteria 3. Sterilization & disinfection [basic concepts] hospital acquired infection, universal safety precautions, waste disposal

4. Immunology  Antigen antibody - reaction & application for diagnosis;  Immune response - normal/abnormal  Innate immunity & acquired immunity [vaccination]  Hyper - sensitivity & auto-immunity

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 38 5. Laboratory Diagnosis of Infection

6. Bacteriology  Infection caused by gram +ve cocci; Gas gangrene - clostridium - Diptheria  Infection caused by gram –ve cocci, Septicemia-cholera - Shock Typhoid diarrhoea  Mycobacterial infection tuberculosis: Leprosy-Atypical Mycobacterium  syphilis - morphology & pathogenesis [VDRL] 7. Viruses  Introduction & general properties,  HIV  Hepatitis (A,B,E)  Polio, measles, congenital viral infections, Rubella, CMV Herpes

8. Applied Microbiology as relevant to diseases involving Bones, Joints - Nerves - Muscles-Skin - brain-cardiopulmonary system & burns.

Text Book: 1. Text Book of Microbiology - by R. Ananthnarayan & C.K. Jayram Panikar, Orient Longman.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 39 B.P.T-IInd Year PHARMACOLOGY Minimum Hours: Theory-90 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT205 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

At the end of the course the candidate will be able to describe Pharmacological effects of commonly used drugs by patients referred for Physio therapy; list their adverse reactions, precautions to be taken & contra- indications, formulation & route of administration ; identify whether the pharmacological effect of the drug interferes with the Therapeutic response of Physiotherapy & vice-a-versa ; indicate the use of analgesics & anti-inflammatory agents with movement disorders with consideration of cost, efficiency & safety for individual needs. Get the awareness of other essential & commonly used drugs by patients, the basis for their use & common as well as serious adverse reactions.

Must Know-  Drugs described in topics 2 to 9;  Pharmacological effects & mechanism, Formulation, Route of administration, salient Pharmaco-kinetic features  Adverse Reactions  Precautions & contra-indications Desirable-  Major group of drugs described in topics 10, 11 & 12  Basis of use in indicated conditions  Common & serious Adverse Reactions

Topics 1. General pharmacology  Drug Pharmaco-kinetics,  Pharmacodynamics, Factors modifying drug effects,  Sources & routes of drugs administration 2. Drug activity of CNS  Introduction  General anaesthetic, Local anaesthetic  Alcohols, Sedatives & Hypnotics  Anti- Convulsants  Analgesics & Antipyretics-specially Gout & R.A. 3. Drugs acting on peripheral nervous system  Adrenergic  Cholinergic 4. Drug therapy in Parkinsonism 5. Skeletal muscle relaxants

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 40 6. Drugs acting on CVS  Anti-Hypertensive drugs.  Shock & Homeostasis  Angina  Congestive Heart Failure

7. Drugs acting on Respiratory system- For Upper Respiratory Tract infections-sinusitis, cough, laryngitis, Pharyngitis, For Bronchial asthma, For COPD- effects of prolonged drug administration. 8. Insulin & oral anti-diabetic drugs 9. Chemotherapy  General principles  Sulfa drugs in urinary tract infection Tetra/chloro penicillin, Cephalosporin, Aminoglycosides, Macrolides  Anti Tuberculosis, Anti-leprosy

10. Endocrine:  Introduction Thyroid & Antithyroid  Estrogen + Progesterone  Steroids + Anabolic Steroids

11. Haematinics, Vitamin B; Iron; 12. Vaccines & Sera 13. Vitamin D, Calcium; Phosphorus, Magnesium

Text Books/Refrence Books : 1. Gaddum, Pharmacology, Gaddum’s Pharmacology 2. Dr.R.S. Satoskar & Dr. S.D. Bhandarkar, Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Revised 19 th Edition 2005 by Popular Prakashan. 3. Krantx, & Carr, Pharmacology principle of Medical practice, Williams & Wilkins. 4. Goodman Pharmacological basis of Therapeutics, L. S. Gilman A 5. Dr. K.D. Tripathi, Jaypee ,Essential of Medical Pharmacology , Brothers Medical Publishers

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 41 B.P.T-IInd Year PSYCHOLOGY & SOCIOLOGY Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT206 L-4, S-0, P-0, C-4 Course Contents:

Human Psychology involves the study of various behavioral patterns of individuals, theories of development, normal and abnormal aspects of motor, social, emotional and language development, communication and interaction skills appropriate to various age groups. Sociology will introduce student to the basic sociology concepts, principles and social process, social institutions [ in relation to the individual, family and community] and the various social factors affecting the family in rural and urban communities in India will be studied. The study of these subjects will help the student to understand their clients while assessment and while planning appropriate treatment methods.

PSYCHOLOGY(60 Hrs.)

1. Learning - Role of learning in human life - Conditioning 2. Emotions- nature & relationship with autonomic nervous system- Theories of emotions  James Lange theory  Schechter Singer theory  Cannon Bard theory 3. Memory - types - Forgetting causes 4. Attention & perception Nature of attention [in brief] Nature of perception Principles of grouping 5. Conflict & Frustration - Types -Common Defense mechanism 'stress-common reactions to frustrations. 6. Abnormal Psychology  Introduction  difference between normal & abnormal psychology,  Causes,  Anxiety disorders - Phobias, Obsessive compulsive, Hysterical convulsion disorder  Affective disorders - Depression, mania, Bipolar disorders;  Psychotic disorders - Types of Schizophrenia

Text Books/ Refrence Books: 1. Morgan C.T. & King R.A. Introduction to Psychology – 7th edn. [Tata McGraw-Hill publication] 2. Munn N.L. Introduction to Psychology [Premium Oxford, I.B.P. publishing co.] Clinical Psychology - By Akolkar 3. Feldman.R.H(1996). Understanding Psychology. New Delhi: Tata McGraw hill. 4. Mangal, S.K (2002). Advanced Educational Psychology. New Delhi: prentice hall. 5. Atkinson(1996). Dictionary of Psychology.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 42 SOCIOLOGY (60 Hrs.)

1. Introduction - Definition & Relevance with Physiotherapy. 2. Sociology & Health - Social factors affecting Health Status, Social Consciousness & Perception of Illness, Decision Making in taking Treatment. 3. Socialization - Definition, Influence, of Social Factors, on Personality, Socialization in the Hospital & Rehabilitation 'of the patients. 4. Social groups-Concepts, Influence of formal & informal groups of Health & Diseases, Role of Primary & Secondary Groups in the Hospital & Rehabilitation Setting. 5. Family-Influence on human personality, Individual Health, Family & Nutrition, Effects of Sickness on Family Psychosomatic Diseases & Family 6. Community Role of Rural & Urban communities in Public Health, Role of community in determining Beliefs, Practices & Home Remedies in Treatment. 7. Culture-Components Impact on Human Behavior Cultural Meaning of Sickness Response to Sickness & Choice of Treatment, [Role of Culture as Social Consciousness in molding the Perception of Reality] ICU induced Symptoms & Diseases, Sub-Culture of Medical Workers 8. Caste systems- Features of Modern Cast Systems & its Trends 9. Social change factors- Human Adaptation, Stress, Deviance, Health Programme Role of Social Planning in the improvement of Health & in Rehabilitation. 10. Social Control - Definition, Role of norms, Folkways, Customs, Morals, Religion, Law & other means of social controls in the regulation of Human Behavior, Social Deviance & Disease. 11. Social problems of the Disabled- Consequences of the following social problems in relation to sickness disability, remedies to prevent these problems  Population Explosion  Poverty & Unemployment  Beggary  Juvenile Delinquency  Prostitution  Problems of Women in Employment 12. Social Security & Social Legislation in relation to the Disabled 13. Role of a Social Worker

Text Books/Refrence Books: 1. Sachdeva, & Bhusan- An Introduction to Sociology, Kitab Mahal Ltd, Allahabad. 2. Madan, Indian Social Problems, Vol- I, Allied publications, Madras 3. Indrani T K, Text Books of Sociology for Graduates Nurses and Physiotherapy Students, JP Brothers, New Delhi,10

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 43 B.P.T-IInd Year ELECTROTHERAPY & ACTINOTHERAPY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT251 L-0, T-0, P-4, C-2 Lab

The student of Electrotherapy must be able to demonstrate the use of electrotherapy modalities applying the principles of electrotherapy with proper techniques, choice of dosage parameters and safety precautions.

1. Demonstrate the technique for patient evaluation – receiving the patient and positioning the patient for treatment using electrotherapy. 2. Collection of materials required for treatment using electrotherapy modalities and testing of the apparatus. 3. Demonstrate placement of electrodes for various electrotherapy modalities 4. Electrical stimulation for the muscles supplied by the peripheral nerves 5. Faradism under Pressure for UL and LL 6. Plotting of SD curve with Chronaxie and Rheobase 7. Demonstrate FG test 8. Application of Ultrasound for different regions-various methods of application 9. Demonstrate treatment techniques using SWD, IRR and Microwave diathermy 10. Demonstrate the technique of UVR exposure for various conditions – calculation of test dose 11. Demonstrate treatment method using IFT for various regions 12. Calculation of dosage and technique of application of LASER 13. Technique of treatment and application of Hydro collator packs, cryotherapy, contrast bath, wax therapy 14. Demonstrate the treatment method using whirl pool bath 15. Winding up procedure after any electrotherapy treatment method

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 44 B.P.T-IInd Year EXERCISE THERAPY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT252 L-0, S-0, P-4, C-2 Lab

The students of exercise therapy are to be trained in Practical Laboratory work for all the topics discussed in theory. The student must be able to evaluate and apply judiciously the different methods of exercise therapy techniques on the patients. They must be able to:

1. Demonstrate muscle strength using the principles and technique of MMT 2. Demonstrate the techniques for muscle strengthening based on MMT grading 3. Demonstrate the PNF techniques 4. Demonstrate exercises for training co-ordination – Frenkel’s exercise 5. Demonstrate techniques for functional re-education 6. Demonstrate mobilization of individual joint regions 7. Demonstrate the techniques for muscle stretching 8. Assess and evaluate posture and gait 9. Demonstrate to apply the technique of passive movements 10. Demonstrate various techniques of Active movements 11. Demonstrate techniques of strengthening muscles using resisted exercises 12. Demonstrate techniques for measuring limb length and body circumference.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 45 B.P.T-IInd Year BIO-MECHANICS & KINESIOLOGY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT253 L-0, S-0, P-2, C-1 Lab:

 To identify axis and planes through which the movements occur at different joints in body.  Demonstrate examples of active and passive insufficiency of muscles.  Identify normal and abnormal posture.  Normal gait with it parameters and identify abnormal gait.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 46 B.P.T-IInd Year SEMINAR Minimum Hours: 60 Hrs. Course Code: BPT254 L-0, S-2, P-0, C-1 Course Contents:

Seminar includes presentation based on the academic topics, which are selected from the curricular contents. The topics are finalized by the concerned faculties. The seminars have to be presented in front of all the faculty members of the college. The marks will be awarded according to his/her seminar remarks at the end of each session.

The internal assessment will be done by a panel of judging committee. The judging committee may vary for each student and will include at least following three members:

 Seminar in-charge(Guide)  HOD of the college  Two faculty members from the college

Details Marks (50) Marks(50)

S.No. Guide (10) Internal Exam (40) External Exam

1. Objective of the seminar

2. Content of the seminar

3. Way of presentation

4. Seminar report (Hard copy & soft copy)

5. Viva voce

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 47 B.P.T-IIIrd Yr SURGERY Minimum Hours: Theory-90 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT301 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

At the end of course should have a broad understanding about common medical diseases, which they would be handing as a physiotherapist. They should have a brief idea about etiology, pathology and type and degree of disability the patient will have as a result of the disease, so that he/she as a Physiotherapist with physician should help the patient to achieve cure and/or ameliorate his/her illness and sufferings.

Section I A. General Surgery 1. Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base disturbances – diagnosis and management; Nutrition in the surgical patient. Hemorrhage, Shock. 2. Reasons for Surgery: Types of anaesthesia and Incisons; Clips Ligatures and Sutures; Overview of Drainage systems and tubes used in Surgery. 3. Inflammation - acute & chronic-signs, symptoms, complications & management 4. Wounds / ulcers - classification, healing process, management 5. Common abdominal surgeries for G.I. tract, Genito-urinary system Scar during surgical approach through abdominal wall. Scar management in brief 6. Radical mastectomy - complications & management 7. Amputation - types, sites, complications & management

B. Neuro Surgery 1. Head Injury – management 2. Intra cranial & spinal tumors 3. Surgeries of Head & neck in neurosurgical conditions & post operative care 4. Congenital & childhood disorders of nervous system like Hydrocephalus, spina bifida etc. clinical features, surgical management & post operative care

C. Thoracic surgeries: Use of mechanical breathing Ventilators in brief. Pulmonary function tests, Investigations of lung disease, Causes, clinical presentation, Diagnosis and treatment of Chest injuries. Definition, Indications, Physiological changes, procedure and Complication of Lung surgeries: Thoracotomy, Pnumonectomy, Lobectomy, segmentectomy, Thoracoplasty, Pleurectomy, Pleurodesis and Decortication of the Lung.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 48 D. Cardiac surgeries: Investigation of patient undergoing cardiac surgery. Indications, Physiological changes, procedure and Complications of heart surgeries: Extra cardiac Operations, Closed Heart surgery, Open Heart Surgery, great vessels surgery, surgery for congenital heart disease. Transplant surgery: Heart, Lung. Cardiac arrest and its management. Introduction of Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass Machine in brief.

E. Diseases of the Arteries and Veins: Definition, Etiology, Clinical features, signs and symptoms, complications, management and treatment of following diseases : Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, Aneurysm, Buerger’s disease, Raynaud’s Disease, Thrombophlebitis, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolism, Varicose Veins.

F. Abdominal surgeries:Definition, Indication, Incision, Physiological changes and Complications following Common operations , Abdominal incision , Cholecystectomy, Colostomy, Ileostomy, Gastrectomy, Hernias, Appendicectomy, oesophegeal disorder, Neprectomy, Prostectomy.

G. Burns : Definition, Classification, Causes, Prevention, Pathological changes, Complications, Clinical Features and Management. Skin Grafts – Types, Grafting Procedures, Survival of Skin Graft ; Flaps – Types and uses of Flaps.

H. E.N.T. Surgery 1. Sinusitis, Rhinitis, Acute and Chronic Otitis 2. Upper respiratory tract surgery & post operative care 3. Tracheostomy - indications. surgical approach & management 4. Surgical procedures in VIIth nerve palsy

I. Plastic Surgery 1. Skin grafts & flaps - Types, indications with special emphasis to burns, wounds, ulcers 2. Tendon transfers, with special emphasis to hand, foot & facial paralysis, 3. Keloid & Hypertrophied scar management

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 49 Section II- OBS & GYNAE A. Puberty: Dynamics. B. Menstrual Cycle: Physiology, Hormonal regulation, abnormalities, disorders and common problems of menstruation. C. Pregnancy: Diagnosis, fertilization, development of the fetus,. Normal, abnormal and multiple gestation , Physiological changes , common complication- PIH, eclampcia, diabetes , hepatitis, german measles , TORCH infection , abortion, antenatal care. D. Labour: Normal events of Ist ,IInd and IIrd stages of labour. Complication during labour & management. Assisted delivery: Episiotomy, Forceps delivery, caesarian section E. Postnatal phase: Puerperium, Common complications & Management, Lactation, Complications of repeated child bearing with small gaps. F. Family planning : Method of Contraception, Medical Termination of pregnancy (MTP) G. Dysfunctions & Disease: Prolapse & displacement - Uterine prolapse, Cystocoele, Rectocoele, Enterocoele ,Incontinence -types, causes , assessment, management. Infections of female genital tract including sexually transmitted Diseases & PID. H. Gynaecological Surgeries : Definition, Indications and Management of the following surgical procedures – Hysterectomy, Hysterosalpingography, Dilatation and Curettage, Laproscopy, Colposopy I. Pre, Peri & Post Menopause: Physiology, Consequence, complications & management of Menopause. Neoplasm of Female reproductive organs & its management.

Text Books: 1. Dutta, Text book of Gynecology, New Central Book Agency 2. Dutta Text book of Obstetrics, New Central Book Agency

Reference Books: 1. Bailey & Love's, Short Practice of Under Graduate Surgery, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group 26st edition 2. Madhuri – Textbook of physiotherapy for Cardiorespiratory cardiac surgery and Thoracic surgery conditions 3. Hough – Physiotherapy in Respiratory Care P.A Downie - Cash’s Textbook of heart, chest & vascular disease for physiotherapist

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 50 BPT - IIIrd YEAR MEDICINE Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-40 Hrs.

Course Code BPT- 302 L-3, S-0,P-0,C-3 Course Contents:

This subject follows the basic science subjects to provide the knowledge about relevant aspects of general medicine. The student will have a general understanding of the diseases the therapist would encounter in their practice. The objective of this course is that after lectures and discussion the student will be able to list the etiology, pathology, clinical features and treatment methods for various medical conditions.

Section I A. Introduction: Brief outline of subject of medicine, a medical patient, common signs & symptoms of disease B. Infections: Effects of Infection on the body , Pathology – source and spread of infection , vaccinations , generalized infections , rashes and infection , food poisoning and gastroenteritis , sexually transmitted diseases – Syphilis, Gonorrhea, HIV infections and Aids. C. Infectious Disease: Tuberculosis, malaria, typhoid, infective hepatitis, tetanus. D. Diseases of Circulatory System:  Thrombosis, Embolism, Gangrene, Valvular diseases,  Hemorrhage, Heart Malformation, various diseases of arteries, diseases of blood forming organs, Anaemia, Leukaemia, Leucocytosis,  Peripheral Vascular diseases, diseases of the lymphatic systems. E. Diseases of the blood: Examinations of blood disorders. Cause, Clinical manifestations, types and management of Anemia, Hemophilia, Luekaemia, Hemorrhages. F. Introduction to modes of transfer of communicable diseases & general preventive measures.  Bacterial Diseases: Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Rheumatic fever, Tetanus, Typhoid fever, Diphtheria, Pneumonia, Bacillary Dysentery and Measles.  Viral Diseases: Herpes – simplex and zoster, Varicella, Measles, Mumps, Hepatitis B & C, AIDS & influenza.  Metabolic and Deficiency Diseases: Diabetes, Anemia, Vitamin & Nutritional Deficiency diseases, diseases of the endocrine glands. G. Cardiovascular Disease: Examination of the Cardiovascular System. Clinical manifestations of Cardiovascular disease ; Definition, Etiology, Clinical features, signs and symptoms, complications, management and treatment of following diseases and disorders of the heart : Pericarditis, Myocarditis, Endocarditis, Rheumatic Fever, valve disorders, Myocardial infection , Angina , Congestive cardiac failure, Cardiomyopathy , Ischemic Heart Disease, Coronary Valve disease, Congenital disorders of the Heart, Cardiac Arrest, diseases of arteries and veins, Hypertension, Hypotension. H. Respiratory Disease: Examination of the Respiratory System. Clinical manifestations of Lung disease. Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and Restrictive Lung Disease ; Definition, Etiology, Clinical features, signs and symptoms, complications, management and treatment of following lung diseases : Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema, Asthma, Bronchiectasis, Cystic Fibrosis, Lung abscess

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 51 & Empyma , Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, ARDS, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Diseases of the pleura, diaphragm and chest wall, Respiratory failure. I. Diseases of the digestive system: Clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal disease – Aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis, complications and treatment of the following conditions : Reflux Oesophagitis, GI bleeding, Peptic Ulcer disease, Pancreatitis, Ulcerative Colitis, Peritonitis, Infections of Alimentary Tract, Diarrhoea ; Clinical manifestations of liver diseases - Aetiology, clinical features, diagnosis, complications and treatment of the following conditions : Jaundice , Cirrhosis of liver, Abscess of liver, Ascitis , Viral Hepatitis, Wilson’s Disease, Gall stones, Cholycystitis. J. Endocrine diseases: Common presenting symptoms of Endocrine disease – common classical disease presentations. Diabetes Mellitus: Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, Complications and its management. Hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism. Thyrotoxicosis. K. Nutritional disorder: Causes, Clinical features, Complications and treatment of: Vitamins and its deficiencies, disorders including rickets and osteomalacia, anemia. L. Urogenital disease: Polyuria, Hematuria, Uremia, Anuria, Nephritis, Urinary infections, Urinary calculi. Upper and lower urinary tract infection and acute renal failure. M. Diseases of Skin:  Conditions – Leprosy, Acne, Boil, Carbuncles, Impetigo, Infections of skin, Herpes, Urticaria, Psoriasis, Skin disorders associated with circulatory disturbances  Defects in Pigmentation, Psoriasis, Alopecia

Section II N. Psychiarty: 1. Introduction: Definition, defence mechanism, symptomatology, types & causes of mental 2. Disorders, psychosomatic disorders. 3. Disorders:  Psychosis – Schizophrenia (including paranoid), maniac depressive psychosis,  involvement psychosis.  Psychoneurosis – Anxiety, hysteria, anxiety states, neurasthesis, reactive depression, obsessive compulsive neurosis.  Organic reaction to – toxins, trauma & infection.  Senile dementia. 4. Mental retardation – Definition, causes manifestation and management. 5. Therapies:  Psychotherapy – Group therapy, Psychodrama, behaviour modification, family therapy, play therapy, psychoanalysis, hypnosis.  Drug therapy  Electro convulsive therapy

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 52 Section III O. Geriatric Conditions 1. Aging Process 2. Osteoporosis 3. General Health Care, Wellness Clinic 4. Hypertension

P. Pediatrics 1. Normal intra-uterine development of foetus. 2. Normal development & growth. 3. Immunization, Handling of the child, Significance of breast-feeding . 4. Common causes for Developmental disorders like Sepsis, Prematurity, Asphyxia & Brain damage-Cerebral Palsy-types & Medical Management . 5. Spinal Cord Disorders like Poliomyelitis, Spina Bifida, Meningocele, Myelomeningocele. 6. Mental Retardation . 7. Malnutrition related condition. 8. Juvenile R A & other immunological conditions of Musculoskeletal system .

Q. Drug Abuse & Intoxication.

Text Books /Refrence Books:

1. Edward, Davidson’s Principles and Practices of Medicine, Churchill Livingstone. 2. Swash, Hutchinson’s Clinical Methods ,Bailliere Tindall. 3. Krishna Rao A Short Text Book of Medicine, Jaypee Brothers. 4. Ahuja Niraj A Short Text Book of Psychiatry - Jaypee Brothers. 5. O.P. Ghai, Essentials of Paediatrics, Inter Print publications 6. Davidson, Principles & Practice of Medicine, Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone 7. Mukherjee, Growth and Development, Jaypee.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 53 B.P.T-IIIrd Year PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS & MANIPULATIVE SKILLS Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-40 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT305 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

At the end of the course, the candidate will acquire the skill of detection & objective documentation of the Neurological, Musculo-skeletal, cardiovascular & pulmonary dysfunctions in adult & pediatric conditions & acquire skill & interpretation of Exercise tolerance test to arrive at the Functional diagnosis ;acquire the skills to use on patients, the therapeutic currents, for Electro-diagnosis of sensory & motor dysfunction & pain.

1. General principles of Human development & maturation a. principles of maturation growth and development b. Factors influencing human development & growth: (i) Biological (ii) Environmental (iii) Inherited.

2. Electro diagnosis a. Physiology of resting membrane potential & action potential Propagation of Action Potential, Volume conduction. b. Physiology of muscle contraction c. Motor unit & Recruitment pattern of motor unit - Size principle d. Therapeutic current -as a tool for electro diagnosis. (i) Physiological principles (ii) Faradic Galvanic Test, Strength Duration Curve, Test for Sensory & Pain Threshold, Test for Pain Tolerance - tests should be carried out on relevant patients. 3. Assessment of nervous system a. Higher functions b. Cranial nerves c. Perception d. cognition e. sensory assessment f. motor assessment . Joint mobility . Tone . Reflexes-Superficial & Deep . Voluntary control . Muscle Strength g. Co-ordination h. Balance i. Trick movements j. Limb Length k. Posture l. Gait

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 54 4. Assessment of Cardio Vascular & Pulmonary Dysfunction a. Vital parameters b. Chest expansion c. Symmetry of chest movement d. Breath Holding Test e. Breath Sounds & heart sound f. Exercise Tolerance - six minutes walk test, Theoretical bases of Bruce's protocol g. PFT h. X-ray Chest i. Ankle Brachial Index j. Tests for Peripheral Arterial & Venous circulation k. ECG &Echo.

5. Assessment of Musculoskeletal System (subjective & objective)

6. Assessment of Hand

7. Assessment of pain a. Types, nature, Intensity & quality b. Scales: VAS, Mc Gill's modified questionnaire, Numerical Rating Scale.

8. Assessment of Obesity a. Patho physiology b. Assessment - BMI, Waist - Hip Ratio

9. Introduction to Quality of Life

Text Books: 1. Susan B O's Sullivan, Physical Rehabilitation, Assessment and treatment, F a Davis Company 2. Magee,Orthopaedic Physical examination, Saunders Elsevier 3. Low & Read, Electro therapy Explained , Butterworth-Heinemann Limited, 2000 4. Nelson & Currier, Clinical Electro Therapy Appleton & Lange. 5. Mishra, Clinical Electromyography , Elsevier 6. Kaltenborn, Mobilisation ,Pub Olaf Norlis Bokhandel

Reference Books: 1. J. A. R. Lenman,Clinical Electromyography , , Anthony Elliot Ritchie, Churchill Livingstone 2. Donnatelli, Orthopaedic Physical therapy, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. 3. Franck I. Katch, Victor L. Katch, Exercise physiology : energy, nutrition, and human performance 4. Patricia Downie, Cash textbook of Physiotherapy in neurological conditions, JP Publications.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 55 B.P.T-IIIrd Year CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs. Lab-40 Hrs.

Course Code BPT306 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

At the end of syllabus and instructional course and demonstrations, the student will be able to understand orthopaedic conditions causing disability and manage them by physiotherapy point of view.

1. Introduction to Orthopaedics: Introduction to orthopaedics and its terminology. Clinical examination in an Orthopaedic patient. Common investigative procedures. Radiological and Imaging techniques in Orthopeadics. 2. Fractures and Dislocations: Fracture - definition, types, signs and symptoms. Fracture healing. Complications of fractures. Conservative and surgical approaches. Principles of management – reduction (open/closed, immobilization etc). Subluxation / dislocations – definition, signs and symptoms, management (conservative and operative). 3. Upper Limb Fractures & Dislocations: Enumerate major long bone fractures and joint injuries. Briefly describe their clinical features, complications and principles of management. 4. Lower Limb Fractures & Dislocations: Enumerate major long bone fractures and joint injuries. Briefly describe their clinical features, principles of management and complication. 5. Spinal Fractures: Classification system (Three column concept, major and minor fracture, stable and unstable fracture). Fracture of cervical spine: various mechanisms of injury, clinical features, complications of spinal injuries and principles of management. Clay shoveller’s fracture. Hangman’s fracture. Fracture of atlas. Jefferson fracture (fracture of the ring of c1). Fracture of the dens. Fracture of thoracic and lumbar regions - mechanism of injury, clinical features, management. Fracture of coccyx. Fracture of Rib Cage - Mechanism of injury, clinical features, management for Fracture Ribs, Fracture of sternum. 6. Recurrent Dislocations: Outline the mechanism, clinical features, principles of management and complications of recurrent dislocation of the shoulder and patella. 7. Soft Tissue Injuries - Define terms such as sprains, strains, contusion, tendinitis, rupture, tenosynovitis, tendinosis, bursitis. Mechanism of injury of each, clinical features, managements- conservative and surgical of the following soft tissue injuries: Tennis elbow, Golfer’s elbow, Meniscal injuries of knee. Cruciate injuries of knee. Medial and lateral collateral injuries of knee. Lateral ligament of ankle , Plantar Fascitis. Wrist sprains. Strains- quadriceps, hamstrings, calf, biceps, triceps. Tendon ruptures-Achilles, rotator cuff muscles, biceps, pectorals. 8. Metabolic Bone Diseases: Osteoporosis. Rickets. Osteomalacia.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 56 9. InfIammatory and Degenerative Conditions: Causes, clinical features, complications, deformities, radiological features and management of the following : Osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis. Ankylosing spondylitis. Charcot’s Disease. Gouty arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis. Poliomyelitis 10. Cervical and Lumbar Pathology : Causes, clinical feature, patho-physiology, investigations, management-Medical and surgical for the following : Prolapsed interverbral disc (PIVD), Spinal Canal Stenosis. Spondylosis (cervical and lumbar) Spondylolysis. Spondylolisthesis. Lumbago/Lumbosacral strain. Sacralisation. Lumbarisation. Coccydynia. Hemivertebra. 11. Bone & Joint Infections: Outline the etiology, clinical features, management and complications of septic arthritis , osteomyelitis, Tuberculosis (including spinal T.B.). 12. Bone Tumors: Classify and Outline the Clinical Features, management and complications of the following benign / malignant bone and joint tumors, osteomas, osteosarcomas, osteoclastomas, Ewing’s sarcoma, multiplemyeloma. 13. Deformities - clinical features, complications, medical and surgical management of the following Congenital Deformities - CTEV. CDH. Torticollis. Scoliosis. Flat foot. Vertical talus. Limb deficiencies- Osteogenesis imperfecta(fragile ossium). Cervical rib. Acquired Deformities - Acquired Torticollis. Scoliosis. Kyphosis. Lordosis. Genu varum. Genu valgum. Genu recurvatum Coxa vara. Pes cavus. Hallux rigidus. Hallux valgus. Hammer toe. Metatarsalgia 15. Peripheral Nerve Injuries: Outline the clinical features and management of:  Radial, Median and Ulnar Nerve Lesions.  Sciatic and Lateral Popliteal Lesions.  Brachial Plexus injuries including Erbs, Klumpke’s and Crutch palsy. 16. Hand Injuries: Outline of clinical features, complications and management of : Flexor and extensor tendon injuries. Crush injury of Hand. Burn injuries of hand. 17. Amputations: Definition, levels of amputation of both lower and upper limbs, indications, complications. 18. Orthopedics Surgery: Principles of Operative Treatment: List indications, contraindication and briefly outline principles of: Athrodesis, Arthroplasty, Osteotomy, Bonegrafting, Tendon – Transfers and Arthroscopy.

19. Regional Conditions : Definition, Clinical features and management of the following regional conditions  Shoulder: Periarthritic shoulder (adhesive capsulitis). Rotator cuff tendinitis. Bicipital Tendinitis. Subacromial Bursitis.  Elbow: Olecranon Bursitis (student’s elbow ).  Wrist and Hand: De Quervain‘s Tenosynovitis. Ganglion. Trigger Finger/ Thumb. Mallet Finger, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Dupuytren’s Contracture.  Pelvis and Hip : IT Band Syndrome. Piriformis Syndrome.  Knee: Osteochondritis Dissecans. Prepatellar and Suprapatellar Bursitis. Chondromalacia Patella. Plica Syndrome. Fat Pad Syndrome (Hoffa‘s syndrome).  Ankle and Foot: Ankle Sprains. Plantar Fasciitis / Calcaneal Spur. Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome. Achilles Tendinitis.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 57 Text Books:: 1. Wilson Watson – Zones, Fractures and Joint Injuries, Churchill Livingstone. 2. Mcrae Clinical Orthopaedic Examination , Churchill Livingstone. 3. Apley Concise System of Orthopaedics and Fractures Butterworth Heinmann. 4. Adam, Outline of Fractures ,Churchill Livingstone. 5. Adam, Outline of Orthopaedics , Churchill Livingstone. 6. Apley Physical Examination in Orthopaedics , Butterworth Heinmann.

Reference Book: . 1. Orthopedic Principles and their Applications- Turek Vol 1,2, Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins 2. Pandey & Pandey ,Clinical Orthopaedics Diagnosis ,Jaypee Brothers.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 58 B.P.T-IIIrd Year CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-40 Hrs.

Course Code BPT-307 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

This subject follows the basic science subjects to provide the knowledge about relevant aspects of neurology & neurosurgery. The student will have a general understanding of the diseases the therapist would encounter in their practice. The objective of this course is that after lectures and discussion the student will be able to list the etiology, pathology, clinical features and treatment methods for various neurological conditions.

1. Basic Neuro Anatomy and Neurophysiology including Development of nervous system. 2. Assessment and evaluative procedures for the neurological patient. 3. Review of the principles of the management of a neurological patient. 4. Clinical symptomatology in Neurology  Pain and Sensory symptoms  Motor  Symptoms from the special organs  Higher brain functions  Autonomic Nervous System  Neurogenic Bladder and Bowel

5. Application of Neuro Physiology in clinical evaluation, investigations, differential diagnosis of Neurological conditions. 6. ANS (brief description). Clinical features of ANS disorders, autonomic dysreflexia, ANS system and pain. 7. Definitions, Etiology, Pathology, Clinical Presentations, Diagnostic approaches including radio diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, Complication and Medico – Surgical Management of

A. Pediatric Neurological Disorders  Cerebral Palsy  Mental Retardation  Autism Spectrum Disorders  Down‘s syndrome  Spina Bifida  Hydrocephalus  Infantile Hemiplegic  Epilepsy  Poliomyelitis  Muscular Dystrophies

B. Infections and Inflammation of the Nervous System  Meningitis  Encephalitis

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 59  Neuro Syphilis  Poliomyelitis  Perepheral Neuritis  Tetanus  Infective and Post Infective Neuropathies  Infective Myelopathies  Spinal Arachonditis  Tabes Dorsalis  Transverse Myelitis

C. Degenerative and Demyelination of CNS  Basal ganglia: Parkinsonism, Huntington Disease, Associated Dyskinesia, Dystonia, Rett‘s Syndrome etc  Cerebellar: Friedrich‘s and Cerebellar ataxia.  Cerebrum: Alziemers Disease, Demetia, Multiple Sclerosis  Spinal Cord: Non compressive Myelopathy  Perepheral Nerve: Diabetic, Metabolic Neuropathies, NMJ disorders, Motor Neuron Disease

D. Trauma of Nervous System  Head Injury  Spinal Cord Injury  Perepheral Nerve Injury

E. Compression of Nervous System  Brain Tumor  Cranio Vertebral Junction anomalies  Spinal Cord Tumor  Syringomyelia  Inter Vertebral Disc Prolapse  Tumors on the peripheral nervous system  Entrapment Neuropathies

F. Vascular Insult to Nervous System  CVA  Vertebral Stroke  VBI

G. Extra pyramidal syndromes  Parkinsonism  Chorea  Athetosis  Dystonia  Hemiballismus  Spasmodic Torticollis

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Page 60 H. Nervous system due to Toxic, Metabolic injuries and Nutritional disorders  Metabolic encephalopathies  B12 Deficiency  Alcohol related disorders  Nutritional Polyneuropathies  Neurolathyrism

Books Recommended: 1. Brain’s Diseases of the Nervous System - Nalton – ELBS. 2. Guided to clinical Neurology - Mohn & Gaectier - Churchill Livingstone. 3. Principles of Neurology - Victor – McGraw Hill International edition. 4. Davidson’s Principles and Practices of Medicine - Edward - Churchill Livingstone.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 61 B.P.T-IIIrd Year MEDICINE (LAB)

Course Code: BPT352 L-0, T-0, P-2, C-1 Course Contents:

1. Normal & abnormal reflexes in neonate & child 2. Examination of the nervous system 3. Examination of Pediatric cases 4. Evaluation, presentation and recording of Two' cases Each in a. U.M.N. lesion b. L.M.N. lesion c. Degenerative / Rheumatological Conditions d. General Medicine Conditions like Obesity, Nutritional disorders, Diabetes Mellitus & Metabolic bone disorders

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Page 62 B.P.T-IIIrd Year PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS & MANIPULATIVE SKILLS (LAB)

Course Code: BPT355 L-0 T-0 P-2 C-1 Course Contents:

1. Identification of abnormal breath sounds & heart sound, measurement of chest expansion, pattern of breathing, vital parameters, Grades of Dyspnoea, Rate of Perceived exertion, Ankle Brachial Index. 2. Exercise tolerance testing - 6 minutes’ walk test & Bruce's protocol on models only 3. Interpretation of reports - EMG, NCV Studies, , X-ray of Chest. Extremities & Spine & ECG. 4. Methods of evaluation, assessment. 5. Case presentation with Functional diagnosis. Two cases Each in a. Musculoskeletal b. Neurological c. Cardiovascular & Pulmonary

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 63 B.P.T-IIIrd Year SEMINAR Minimum Hours: 60 Hrs. Course Code: BPT356 L-0, S-2, P-0, C-1 Course Contents: Seminar includes presentation based on the academic topics along with a case report, which are selected from the curricular contents. The topics are finalized by the concerned faculties. The seminars have to be presented in front of all the faculty members of the college. The marks will be awarded according to his/her seminar remarks at the end of each session.

The internal assessment will be done by a panel of judging committee. The judging committee may vary for each student and will include at least following three members:

 Seminar in-charge(Guide)  HOD of the college  Two faculty members from the college

Details Marks (50) Marks(50)

S.No. Guide (10) Internal Exam (40) External Exam

1 Objective of the seminar

2 Content of the seminar

3 Way of presentation

Seminar report (Hard copy 4 & soft copy)

5 Viva voce

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 64 B.P.T-IIIrd Year SUPERVISED CLINICAL TRAINING Minimum Hours: 90 Hrs. Course Code: BPT357 L-0, S-0, P-4, C-2 Course Contents:

Assessment diagnosis, goal formulation, treatment plan formulation, and execution of therapeutic skills The student will be posted in the department of Physiotherapy & he/she will learn the assessment, diagnosis, & physiotherapy treatment of patients visiting the department.

The internal assessment will be done by a panel of judging committee. The judging committee may vary for each student and will include atleast following three members:

 In-charge(Guide)  HOD of the college  Two faculty members from the college

Marks (50) Marks(50)

S.No. Details Guide (10) Internal Exam(40) External Exam

1. OPD performance

2. Clinical skills

3. Case presentation

4. Register / Log book (Hard copy)

5. Viva voce

To maintain a Register / Log book-in which the prescribed Case Histories & written assignments are documented & to obtain the signature from the respective section In-charge at the end of the assignment.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 65 B.P.T-III Yr CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS (LAB)

Course Code: BPT358 L-0, S-0, P-2 ,C-1 Course Contents:

1. Lab demonstration of basic principles of clinical assessment and application in orthopeadics conditions. 2. Student must maintain a logbook. The duly completed logbook should be submitted during Lab examination.

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Page 66 B.P.T-III Yr CLINICAL NEUROLOGY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT359 L-0, S-0 ,P-2, C-1 Course Contents:

1. Examination of the nervous system 2. Evaluation, presentation and recording of Two' cases each in a. U.M.N. lesion b. L.M.N. lesion 3. Assessment of motor and sensory system 4. Examination of cranial nerves.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 67 B.P.T. – IVth Year PHYSIOTHERAPY IN ORTHOPAEDIC CONDITIONS Minimum Hours: Theory-90 Hrs. Lab-60 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT401 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents: The subject serves to integrate the knowledge gained by the students in orthopedics and Traumatology with skills to apply these in clinical situations of dysfunction and musculoskeletal pathology. The objective of the course is that after the specified hours of lectures and demonstrations the student will be able to identify disabilities due to musculoskeletal dysfunction, plan and set treatment goals and apply the skills gained in exercise therapy and electrotherapy in these clinical situations to restore musculoskeletal function.

1. PT assessment for Orthopeadic conditions: a) SOAP format. b) ICF format. 2. Fractures: a. Physiotherapy assessment in fracture cases. Aims of PT management in fracture cases - short and long term goals. b. Principles of PT management in fractures - Guidelines for fracture treatment during period of immobilization and guidelines for treatment after immobilization period 3. Specific fractures and dislocations: PT assessment and management of a) Upper limb fractures and dislocations. b) Lower limb fractures and dislocations including pelvis. c) Spinal fractures. 4. Principles & techniques of manual therapy – Overview of Maitland, Mackenzie, Mulligan, MFR. 5. Definition, signs and symptoms, clinical features, pathophysiology, radiological features, deformities, medical, surgical management [Briefly] & Describe the PT assessment and management and home program for the following conditions:-

 Degenerative and inflammatory conditions :– Osteoarthritis - emphasis mainly on knee, hip and hand, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Gout, Perthes disease, Periarthritic shoulder.  Infective conditions: – Osteomyelitis – acute and chronic, Septic arthritis, Pyogenic arthritis, TB spine and major joints - knee and hip.  Spinal column : Review the postural abnormalities & deformities of spinal column  Deformities: Congenital: CTEV, CDH, Torticollis, pes planus, pes cavus and other common deformities. Acquired: scoliosis, kyphosis, coxa vera, genu varum, valgum and recurvatum.  Spinal conditions: (Review the neurological signs) Cervical spondylosis, Lumbar spondylosis, Spondylolisthesis, Spinal canal stenosis, Spondylolysis, Sacro-iliac joint dysfunction,

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 68 Sacralisation, Lumbarisation, Intervertebral disc prolapse, Coccydynia, Spina bifida occulta. 6. Poliomyelitis: Definition, etiology, types, pathophysiology, clinical features, deformities, medical and surgical management. PT. assessment and management after surgical corrections and reconstructive surgeries - emphasis on tendon transfer and home program. 7. Leprosy: Definition, cause, clinical features, medical and surgical management. PT assessment, aims, and management after surgical procedures such as tendon transfer both pre and post operatively. 8. Amputations: Definition, levels, indications, types, PT assessment, aims, management pre and post operatively. PT management with emphasis on stump care and bandaging. Pre and post prosthetic training, checking out prosthesis, complications of amputations and its management. 9. Osteoporosis: Causes, predisposing factors, investigations and management. 10. Orthopaedics surgeries: Pre and post operative PT assessment, goals, precautions and PT management of following surgeries such as: Arthrodesis, Osteotomy, Arthroplasty-partial and total- Excision arthroplasty, excision arthroplasty with implant, interpositional arthroplasty and total replacement; Tendon transplant; Soft tissue release- tenotomy, myotomy, lengthening; Arthroscopy, Spinal stabilization, Reattachment of limbs, External fixators, Synovectomy.

11. Regional Conditions :Assessment & Management of the following –  Shoulder joint: Shoulder instabilities, TOS, RSD, Impingement syndrome – conservative and Post operative PT management. Total shoulder replacement and Hemi replacement. - Post operative PT management. AC joint injuries - rehabilitation. Rotator cuff tears- conservative and surgical repair.  Elbow and forearm: Excision of radial head - Post operative PT management. Total elbow arthroplasty- Post operative PT management.  Wrist and Hand: Total wrist arthroplasty. Repair of ruptured extensor tendons. Carpal tunnel syndrome. Flexor and extensor tendon lacerations - Post operative PT management.  Hip: Joint surgeries- hemi and total hip replacement - Post operative PT management Tendonitis and bursitis. - Management.  Knee: Lateral retinacular release, chondroplasty- Post operative management. Realignment of extensor mechanism. ACL and PCL reconstruction surgeries – Post operative rehabilitation. Meniscectomy and meniscal repair - Post operative management. Plica syndrome, patellar dysfunction and Hoffa's syndrome - conservative management. TKR- rehabilitation protocol. Patellar tendon ruptures and Patellectomy- rehabilitation.  Ankle and foot: Ankle instability. Ligamentous tears- Post operative management.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 69 B.PT IV YEAR PHYSIOTHERAPY IN NEUROLOGICAL CONDITOINS Minimum Hours: Theory-90 Hrs., Lab-60 Hrs.

Course code: BPT 402 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents: The subject serves to integrate the knowledge gained by the students in neurology and neurosurgery with skills to apply these in clinical situations of dysfunction and neurological pathology. The objective of the course is that after the specified hours of lectures and demonstrations the student will be able to identify disabilities due to neurological dysfunction, plan and set treatment goals and apply the skills gained in exercise therapy and electrotherapy in these clinical situations to restore neurological function.

1. Review of basic Neuro - Anatomy and Physiology 2. Neurological Assessment: Required materials for examination, Chief complaints, History taking – Present, Past, medical, familial, personal histories, Observation, Palpation, Higher mental function – Consciousness, Orientation, Wakefulness, memory, Speech, Reading, Language, Writing, Calculations, Perception, Left right confusion, Reasoning, and Judgment, Motor Examination – Muscle power, Muscle tone, Spasticity, Flaccidity, Reflexes – Developmental reflexes, deep tendon reflexes, superficial reflexes, Sensory examination – Superficial, Deep and Cortical sensations, Special tests – Romberg’s, Kernig’s sign, Brudenzki sign, Tinels’s sign, Slum test, Lehermitte’s sign, Bells Phenomenon, Gower’s sign, Sun set sign, Battle’s sign, Glabellar tap sign, etc, Balance examination, coordination examination, Gait analysis – Kinetics & Kinematics (Quantitative & Qualitative analysis), Functional Analysis, Assessment tools & Scales – Modified Ashworth scale, Berg balance scale, FIM, Barthel index, Glasgow coma scale, Mini mental state examination, Rancho Los Amigos Scale for Head injury, APGAR score, ASIA scale, Reflex Grading. Differential diagnosis. 3. Introduction to Motor Control & Motor Learning, Introduction to Neural Plasticity 4. Neuro physiological Techniques – Concepts, Principles, Techniques, Effects of following Neurophysiological techniques: NDT, PNF, Vojta therapy, Rood’s Sensory motor Approach, Sensory Integration Approach, Brunnstorm movement therapy, Motor relearning program, Contemporary task oriented approach, Muscle re-education approach and Constraint induced movement therapy. Virtual Reality, Mental Imagery, Robotics, Body Weight Supported Treadmill Training Techniques, Bio-feedback. 5. Paediatric Neurology: Paediatric Examination, Developmental milestones, developmental reflexes, Neuro developmental screening tests. Evaluation & Management .Use of various

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 70 Neurophysiological approaches & Modalities in Risk babies, Minimum brain damage, Developmental disorders, Cerebral palsy, Autism, Down’s Syndrome, Hydrocephalus, Chorea, Spina bifida, and syringomyelia. 6. Evaluation and Management of Brain and Spinal Cord Disorders and Use of various Neurophysiological approaches& Modalities in Cerebro vascular Accident, Meningitis, Encephalitis, Head Injury, Brain Tumors, Perceptual disorders, MND and Multiple sclerosis, Transverse myelitis. 7. Evaluation and Management of Cerebellar, Spinal Cord and Muscle Disorders and Use of various Neurophysiological approaches& Modalities in Ataxia, Sensory Ataxia, Parkinson’s disease, Muscular dystrophy (DMD), Myasthenia Gravis, Eaton-Lambert Syndrome, Spinal tumors, Spinal cord injury, Transverse myelitis, Bladder & Bowel Dysfunction, Spinal muscular atrophies, Poliomyelitis, Post Polio Syndrome. Facial palsy. 8. Evaluation and Management of Peripheral Nerve Injuries and Disorders and Use of various Neurophysiological approaches& Modalities in Hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Brachial plexus palsy, Thoracic outlet syndrome, Lumbosacral plexus lesions, Phrenic & intercostals nerve lesions, Median nerve palsy, Ulnar nerve palsy, Radial nerve palsy, Musculocutaneous nerve palsy, Anterior & Posterior interosseous nerve palsy, Axillary nerve palsy, Long thoracic nerve palsy, Suprascapular nerve palsy, sciatic nerve palsy, Tibial nerve palsy, Common peroneal nerve palsy, Femoral nerve palsy, Obturator nerve palsy, and Pudental nerve palsy. 9. Disturbance of speech and aphasia. 10. Assessment and management of Neurological gaits: Quantitative and Qualitative (Kinetic & Kinematics) analysis, List of Problems, short & Long Term goals, Management of following Neurological Gaits - Hemiplegic gait, Parkinson gait, High step gait, Hyperkinetic gait, Hypokinetic gait, Waddling gait, Scissoring gait, Spastic gait, Choreaform Gait, Diplegic Gait, and Myopathic Gait. 11. Pre and Post surgical assessment and treatment following conditions - Spinal disc herniation, Spinal stenosis, Spinal cord trauma, Head trauma, Brain tumors, Tumors of the spine, Spinal cord and peripheral nerves, Cerebral aneurysms, Subarachnoid hemorrhages, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Chorea, Hemiballism, Psychiatric disorders, Malformations of the nervous system, Carotid artery stenosis , Arteriovenous malformations, and Spina bifida, Craniotomy, Shunts.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 71 B.P.T. – IV Yr PHYSIOTHERAPY IN CARDIO-RESPIRATORY & GENERAL CONDITIONS Minimum Hours: Theory-120 Hrs., Lab-60 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT406 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

At the end of the course the candidate will be able to: Identify, discuss and analyze cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction based on Pathophysiological principles and arrive at the appropriate function diagnosis. Acquire the knowledge of rationale of basic investigation in the medical system and surgical intervention, regimes related to cardiovascular and pulmonary impairments. Execute effective physiotherapeutic measures (with clinical reasoning) and special emphasis on the breathing retraining, nebulization, humidification, bronchial hygiene, general mobilization and exercise conditioning. Acquired knowledge of overview of patient’s care at I.C.U., artificial ventilation, suctioning, positioning for bronchial hygiene and continuous monitoring of patient in I.C.U. Acquired the skill of evaluation and interpretation of functional capacity, using simple exercise tolerance test such as 6 minute walk test, symptom limited test. Select strategies for cure, care and prevention; adopt restorative and rehabilitative measures for maximum possible functional independence of patient at home, work and in community. Acquire the skill of basic CPR.

Cardiopulmonary evaluation, which includes: 1. Pulmonary function test & its interpretation 2. Chest imaging & neck imaging. 3. ECG interpretation and Echocardiograph in brief. 4. Blood gas analysis & its interpretation. 5. Special tests- stress test , exercise tolerance test 6. Interpretation of the procedures performed-open heart surgery, angiogram, nuclear test catheterization in brief. 7. Analysis of current impairments, functional limitation & disability.

SECTION – I 1. Review of: Cardio respiratory anatomy and physiology, mechanism of normal respiration, relaxation and maintenance of bronchial hygiene in respiratory diseases. Anatomical differences between adult & pediatric lungs, aging in cardiovascular system and respiratory system.

2. Respiratory and cardiac rehabilitation for cardio respiratory disorders: definition, aims and objective, Pathophysiology of diseases, physiotherapy assessment and principles of rehabilitation. Fitness programs.

3. Principle and techniques of physiotherapy in diseases of respiratory and cardiopulmonary system: a. Physiotherapy techniques to increase lung volume – controlled mobilization, positioning, breathing exercises, Neurophysiological Facilitation of Respiration, Mechanical aids - Incentive Spirometry, CPAP,IPPB b. Physiotherapy techniques to decrease the work of breathing – Measures to optimize the balance between energy supply and demand, positioning, Breathing re-education – Breathing control techniques, mechanical aids – IPPB, CPAP, BiPAP c. Physiotherapy techniques to clear secretions – Hydration, Humidification & Nebulisation, BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 72 Mobilisation and Breathing exercises, Postural Drainage, Manual techniques – Percussion, Vibration and Shaking, Rib Springing, ACBT, Autogenic Drainage, Mechanical Aids – PEP, Flutter, IPPB, Facilitation of Cough and Huff, cough-assisted techniques, Suctioning 4. Clinical examination of cardiovascular disorders, principles and techniques of PT in cardiovascular disease: CCF, myocardial infarction, endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis, valvular disease of heart, congenital heart disease.

5. Clinical examination of respiratory disease, principles and techniques of PT: COPD, RLD; Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, cystic fibrosis, Bronchiectasis, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary TB, pleurisy, emphyema, atelectesis, pneumothorax.

6. Respiratory failure – Oxygen Therapy and Mechanical Ventilation. Introduction to ICU : ICU monitoring –Apparatus, Airways and Tubes used in the ICU -Physiotherapy in the ICU – Common conditions in the ICU – Tetanus, Head Injury, Lung Disease, Pulmonary Oedema, Multiple Organ Failure, Neuromuscular Disease, Smoke Inhalation, Poisoning, Aspiration, Near Drowning, ARDS, Shock; Dealing with an Emergency Situation in the ICU.

SECTION – II 7. Evaluation, principles and techniques of physiotherapy management in traumatic and surgical conditions of chest, lung, vessels, pleura and mediastinum.

8. Pre and post operative physiotherapy assessment and management in: Lobectomy, pneumonectomy, decortications, Thoracoplasty, Tracheostomy, angioplasty, mitral valvotomy (mitral stenosis), valve replacement, PDA, Coarctation of aorta, Septal defect, Fallot’s tetralogy, bypass surgery, open heart surgery and heart transplant

9. Principles of chest physiotherapy in: I.C.U., I.C.C.U. along with effect of anesthesia on cardiopulmonary system. Knowledge of equipments in CPU, I.C.U. and I.C.C.U. Ventilators- Modes, classification criteria for initiating mechanical ventilation, suction apparatus. IABP, Pulse oxymeter, nebulizers, humidifiers, O2 therapy, aerosol therapy, drugs used in ICU.

10. Physiotherapy management following Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD).

11. Abdominal Surgeries - Management of Pulmonary Restorative Dysfunction following surgical procedures on Abdomen and Thorax.

12. Management of breathlessness.

13. Cardiopulmonary resustications – demonstrations.

14. Neonatal and Pediatric Physiotherapy – Chest physiotherapy for children, The neonatal unit, Modifications of chest physiotherapy for specific neonatal disorders, Emergencies in the neonatal unit.

15. Drug therapy – Drugs to prevent and treat inflammation, Drugs to treat Bronchospasm, Drugs to treat Breathlessness, Drugs to help sputum clearance, Drugs to inhibit coughing, Drugs to improve ventilation, Drugs to reduce pulmonary hypertension, Drug delivery doses, Inhaled Nebulisers.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 73 Section III 16. Burns management - Role of physiotherapy in the management of burns, post grafted cases- Mobilization and Musculo-skeletal restorative exercises following burns.

17. Management of Amputations following Diabetes, PVD - Prosthesis in amputations of lower limbs following ulcers and gangrenes.

18. Management of wound ulcers- Care of ulcers and wounds - Care of surgical scars- U.V.R and other electro therapeutics for healing of wounds, prevention of Hypergranulated Scars Keoloids, Electrotherapeutics measures for relief of pain during mobilization of scars tissues.

19. Physiotherapy in dermatology -Documentation of assessment, treatment and follow up skin conditions. U.V.R therapy in various skin conditions; Vitiligo; Hair loss; Pigmentation; Infected wounds ulcers. Faradic foot bath for Hyperhydrosis. Care of anesthetic hand and foot; Evaluation, planning and management of leprosy- prescription, fitting and training with prosthetic and orthotic devices.

20. Physiotherapy in Obstetrics – Antenatal Care, Antenatal Education, Postnatal Care. Electrotherapy and Exercise Therapy measures for the re-education of Ano-Urethral sphincter.

21. Treatment, Response to exercise and Implications of Physiotherapy in the following disease conditions: Hypertension, Diabetes, Renal Failure and Obesity.

22. Geriatrics: Problems in old age, role of physiotherapy in elderly.

23. Home program and education of family members in patient care.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 74 B.P.T. – IVth Year PHYSIOTHERAPY IN SPORTS Minimum Hours: Theory-80Hrs., Lab-40 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT407 L-3, S-0, P-0, C-3 Course Contents:

The objectives of this courses that after the specified hours of Lectures, Demonstrations, Practical and Clinics, the student will be able to acquire concept of evaluation of sports and Sports injuries, and also will be able to provide Sports Training and Physiotherapy in particular to Sports injuries.

Section I A. Pre-exercise evaluation B. Diet and nutrition C. Measurement of fitness components and sports skills • Measurement of muscular strength • Measurement of muscular endurance • Measurement of flexibility • Determination exercise endurance D. Physiological effects of exercise on body systems • Muscular system • Endocrine system • Cardio-respiratory system • Nervous system

Section II E. Sports injuries • Spine – PIVD, Kissing spine, cervical whiplash injuries, facet joint syndrome, SI joint dysfunction • Hip – muscle strain, piriformis syndrome, ITB syndrome, osteitis pubis • Knee – menisci, cruciate, collateral, osteochondritis, chondromalacia patellae, biceps femoris tendonitis, swimmers knee, patello-femoral pain syndrome • Leg & ankle – shin splint, achillis tendonitis & rupture, TA bursitis, ankle sprain, plantar fascitis, turf toe syndrome • Head & face – maxillo-facial injuries, helmet compression syndrome

Section III F. Sports injuries • Shoulder – instability, rotator cuff injury, biceps tendonitis and rupture, pectoralis major rupture, scapular dyskinesis and acromio-clavicular joint injuries • Elbow – tennis elbow, golfer’s elbow • Wrist and hand – carpal tunnel syndrome, gamekeeper’s thumb G. Principles of injury prevention

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 75 H. Principles of training & Rehabilitation in sports injuries. I. Drugs used in sports. J. Biomechanics of running, throwing, swimming. K. Sports psychology.

L. Sports in Special age groups: • Female athletic triad • Younger athlete- Musculo-skeletal problems, management, children with chronic illness and nutrition • Older athlete- Physiological changes with aging, benefits, risks of exercise in elderly, exercise prescription guidelines for elderly

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 76 B.P.T. – IVth Year REHABILITATION IN COMMUNITY MEDICINE & PHYSIOTHERAPY Minimum Hours: Theory-80 Hrs., Lab-40 Hrs.

Course Code: BPT408 L-2, S-0, P-0, C-2 Course Contents:

The subject serves to integrate the knowledge gained by the students in community medicine/physiotherapy and other areas with skills to apply these in clinical situations of health and disease and its prevention. The objective of the course is that after the specified hours of lectures and demonstrations the student will be able to identify rehabilitation methods to prevent disabilities and dysfunctions due to various disease conditions and plan and set treatment goals and apply the skills gained in rehabilitating and restoring functions by various aids and appliances including splints, orthosis and prosthesis.

Section I A. General Rehabilitation: Conceptual framework of rehabilitation, definitions, various models of Rehab, Rehab team including Medical person/P.T./O.T. audiologist/speech therapist /P.&O./ rehab nurse/ psychologist/ vocational guide. WHO definition of Health & disease, Health care delivery system, National Policies of Rehab, National health care programs, Community awareness, Participation, Preventive aspects & demands of PT devices

B. Disability: Definition of Impairment, Handicap and Disability, Difference between impairment, handicap and disability, Causes, Types and Prevention and rehabilitation of disability.

C. Disability Evaluation In Brief: Introduction, What, Why and How to evaluate, Quantitative versus Qualitative data.

D. Introduction to Community Based Rehabilitation: Definition, Concept of CBR, Need for CBR, Objectives of CBR, Scope of CBR, Members of CBR team, Models of CBR, Difference between Institution based and Community based Rehabilitation.

E. Principles of Community based Rehabilitation : W.H.O.`s policies-about rural health care- concept of primary /tertiary health centers-district hospitals etc., Principles of a team work in C.B.R. of physically handicapped person , Agencies involved in rehabilitation of physical handicapped - Legislation for physically handicapped. Concept of multipurpose health worker. Role of family members in the rehabilitation of a physically handicapped. National District Level Rehabilitation Program

F. Role of Social work in CBR: Definition and Methods of social work. Role of social worker in rehabilitation.

G. Role of voluntary Organizations in CBR: Charitable Organizations, Voluntary health agencies – National level and International NGO’s, Multilateral and Bilateral agencies. International

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Page 77 Health Organizations: WHO, UNICEF, UNDP, UNFPA, FAO, ILO, World bank, USAID, SIDA, DANIDA, Rockfeller, Ford foundation, CARE, RED CROSS. H. Health Promotion: Physiological changes with aerobic exercises in various systems of the body, Clinical applications of aerobic exercise, Obesity; criteria for overweight & obese patients screening and weight reductions programmes, Measurement of Body Mass Composition.

I. Geriatrics: Definition gerontology, geriatrics, aging, senior citizen in India, NGO’s, legal right’s and benefits. Institutional community based elderly. Old age homes. Physiology of aging: changes in various systems: musculoskeletal, cardio-pulmonary, neurological, special senses. Theories of aging. Clinical implication , strategies for improvement. Compensatory approaches and physiotherapy management.

SECTION – II J. Occupational Health a) Occupational health diseases: Prevention, diagnosis and management. b) Occupational & Environmental Hazards: Accidents due to :  Physical agents: e.g. heat/cold, light, noise, vibration, UVR. Ionizing radiation.  Chemical agents: inhalation, local action & ingestion.  Mechanical Hazards: overuse / fatigue, injuries due to ergonomics alteration & ergonomic evaluation of work place.  Psychological Hazards: monotocity job dissatisfaction, work anxiety, quality control, interpersonal relationships, work hours. c) Role of Physiotherapy. d) Industrial health: Job analysis, job description, job demand analysis, task analysis, Employee fitness, job modification e) Management: Acute care, concept of functional capacity assessment, work hardening and work conditioning. f) Employment acts [briefly]:  Employee state insurance scheme.  Workman’s compensation act.  Legal aspects of disability in terms of compensation for PWD, benefits & rights. g) Vocational Rehabilitation: Introduction, evaluation & management.

K. Prosthetics & Orthotics :  Definition and Biomechanical principles in designing of appliances & assessment  Classification of Aids & appliances  Differences between prosthesis and orthosis  Prostheses – For Lower limb and upper limb indications and checkout.  Introduction to Splints / Orthoses – For spine, upper & lower limb.

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Page 78  Upper Limb Orthoses: - Knuckle Bender splint, Cock Up Splint, Opponens splint, finger splints, aero plane splint, wrist hand orthosis.  Spinal Orthoses: Head Cervical Orthoses, Cervical, Thoraco-lumbar, Lumbo – sacral Orthoses (Knight brace, Taylors’s Brace, Milwawkee Brace, Collars)  Lower Limb Orthoses: HKAFO, KAFO, AFO, Foot Orthoses ( Shoe Modification)  Wheel Chair – Parts and prescription

L. Role of Physiotherapy in CBR: a) Screening for disabilities, Prescribing exercise programme, Prescribing and devising low cost locally available assistive aids, Modifications physical and architectural barriers for disabled, Disability prevention, Strategies to improve ADL, Rehabilitation programmes for various neuro- musculoskeletal and cardiothoracic disabilities. b) Keeping in mind conditions like RA, Hemiplegia, Paraplegia, Cerebral palsy, Polio, severe OA, Amputation; sensory loss—vision, hearing, speech impairment, Degenerative, geriatric patients, Other disabling conditions.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 79 B.P.T. – IVth Year RESEARCH METHODOLOGY & BIO- STASTISTICS Minimum Hours: Theory-100 Hrs., Course Code: BPT409 L-2, S-0, P-0, C-2 Course Contents:

This course will introduce to the student the basic research methodology to acquire skills to review literature selection of research strategy, formulate problems, research writing and publishing.

Research Methodology:

1. Introduction to Research methodology: Meaning of research, objectives of research,Motivation in research, Types of research & research approaches, Research methods vs methodology, Criteria for good research. 2. Review of Literature. 3. Research problem: Statement of research problem, Statement of purpose and objectives of research problem, Necessity of defining the problem 4. Research design: Meaning of research design, Need for research design, Features for good design, Different research designs, Basic principles of research design. 5. Measurement & scaling techniques: Measurement in research- Measurement scales, sources of error in measurement, Technique of developing measurement tools, Meaning of scaling, its classification, important scaling techniques. 6. Methods of data collection: collection of primary data, collection data through questionnaires & schedules, Difference between questionnaires & schedules. 7. Parametric and Nonparametric Tests. 8. Computer technology: Introduction to Computers, computer application in research computers & researcher.

Biostatistics:

1. Introduction: Meaning, definition, characteristics of statistics. Importance of the study of statistics, Branches of statistics, Statistics and health science , Parameters and Estimates, Variables and their types, Measurement scales. 2. Tabulation of Data: Basic principles of graphical representation, Types of diagrams – histograms, frequency polygons, smooth frequency polygon, cumulative frequency curve, Normal probability curve. 3. Measures of Central Tendency: Need for measures of central Tendency, Definition and calculation of Mean – ungrouped and grouped, interpretation and calculation of Median- ungrouped and grouped, Meaning and calculation of Mode, Geometric mean & Hormonic mean, Guidelines for the use of various measures of central tendency. 4. Measures of Dispersion: Range, mean deviation, standard deviation & variance. 5. Probability and Standard Distributions: Meaning of probability of standard distribution, the

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 80 binominal distribution, the normal distribution, Divergence from normality – skewness, kurtosis. 6. Correlation & regression: Significance, correlation coefficient, linear regression & regression equation. 7. Testing of Hypotheses, Level of significance, Degrees of freedom. 8. Chi-square test, test of Goodness of fit & student t-test. 9. Analysis of variance & covariance: Analysis of variance (ANOVA), what is ANOVA? Basic principle of ANOVA, ANOVA technique, Analysis of Co variance (ANACOVA) 10. Sampling: Definition, Types- simple, random, stratified, cluster and double sampling. Need for sampling - Criteria for good samples, Application of sampling in community, Procedures of sampling and sampling designs errors.

Text Books: 1. Hicks:Research methodology, Churchill Livingstone

Refrence Books: 1. B.K. Mahajan, Methods in Biostatistics, Jaypee. 2. P.N. Arora: Biostatistics & Research methodology 3. Dr J. A. Khan: Biostatistics & Research methodology, APH Publishing.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 81 B.P.T. – IVth Year PHYSIOTHERAPY IN ORTHOPAEDIC CONDITIONS (LAB)

Course Code: BPT451 L-0, S-0, P-3, C-2

Course Contents: 1. Lab demonstration of basic principles of physiotherapy assessment, functional assessment and application of physiotherapy in orthopaedics conditions. 2. Student must maintain a logbook. The duly completed logbook should be submitted during Lab examination.

Text Books: 1. Tidy's physiotherapy, Churchill Livingstone.. 2. Textbook of orthopedics- Cash, JP Publications. 3. Clinical orthopedic rehabilitation- Brotzman, Elsevier. 4. Orthopedic physiotherapy - Jayant Joshi, Elsevier. 5. Rehabilitation Assessment and Treament – O‘Sullivan Schmitz 6. Sports physiotherapy- Maria Zuluaga, Churchill Livingstone

Reference Book: 1. Therapeutic Exercise - Carrie Hall & Brody, Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health 2. Rehab Medicine-Part I/II – Delisa, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 3. Atlas of Orthotics – AAOS, Mosby Elsevier. 4. Orthotics and Prosthetic in Rehab – Lusardi, Elsevier Saunders 5. Hand Rehab - James Hunter, Mosby 6. Orthopedic Principles and their Applications- Turek Vol 1,2, Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

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Page 82 B.PT IV YEAR PHYSIOTHERAPY IN NEUROLOGICAL CONDITOINS (LAB)

Course Code: BPT452 L-0, S-0, P-3, C-2

Course Contents:

The subject serves to integrate the knowledge gained by the students in neurology and neurosurgery with skills to apply these in clinical situations of dysfunction and neurological pathology. The objective of the course is that after the specified hours of lectures and demonstrations the student will be able to identify disabilities due to neurological dysfunction, plan and set treatment goals and apply the skills gained in exercise therapy and electrotherapy in these clinical situations to restore neurological function.

1. Lab demonstration of basic principles of physiotherapy assessment, functional assessment and application of physiotherapy in neurology conditions. 2. Student must maintain a logbook. The duly completed logbook should be submitted during Lab examination.

Text Books 1) Cash’s Text book for physio Therapist in Neurological disorders-Jaypee bros. 2) Proprioceptive Neuro muscular Faciliation – by Herman Kabat 3) Susan B O's Sullivan, Physical Rehabilitation, Assessment and treatment, F a Davis Company 4) “Right in the middle” – by Patricia Davis, Springer Verlag.

Reference Book 1. Therapeutic exercise – by Basmajiian Williams & Wilkins – 5th edn. 2. Physical Rehabilitation – by Krusen, Saunders 3. Brain’s disorders of Nervous system

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

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Page 83 B.P.T. – IVth Year SEMINAR Minimum Hours: 60 Hrs. Course Code: BPT456 L-0, S-2, P-0, C-1 Course Contents: Seminar includes presentation based on the academic topics along with a case report & recent advances (Literature review), which are selected from the curricular contents. The topics are finalized by the concerned faculties. The seminars have to be presented in front of all the faculty members of the college. The marks will be awarded according to his/her seminar remarks at the end of each session.

The internal assessment will be done by a panel of judging committee. The judging committee may vary for each student and will include at least following three members:

 Seminar in-charge(Guide)  HOD of the college  Two faculty members from the college

Details Marks (50) Marks(50)

S.No. Guide (10) Internal Exam (40) External Exam

1. Objective of the seminar

2. Content of the seminar

3. Way of presentation

4. Seminar report (Hard copy & soft copy)

5. Viva voce

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Page 84 B.P.T. – IVth Year SUPERVISED CLINICAL TRAINING Minimum Hours: 250 Hrs

Course Code: BPT457 L-0, S-0, P-6, C-3 Course Contents:

A. Supervised clinical practice: M.M. 30marks

Assessment diagnosis, goal formulation, treatment plan formulation, and execution of therapeutic skills The student will be posted in the department of Physiotherapy & he/she will learn the assessment, diagnosis, & physiotherapy treatment of patients visiting the department.

To maintain a Register / Log book-in which the prescribed Case Histories & written assignments are documented & to obtain the signature from the respective section In-charge at the end of the assignment.

* The students will be awarded marks on the basis of his/her attendance & performance during clinical postings in the department of Physiotherapy, etc.

B. Project Work: M.M. 70marks

Objective- To enhance their understanding of clinical issues, scientific basis of specific medical conditions & application of new knowledge to the patients by assessing a patients’ needs and devise suitable treatment plans for them.

The student will finalise the topic of project in consultation with the faculty in-charge allocated to the student. The student will have to submit a three topic proposal, of which one topic will be finalised by the faculty in-charge.

At the end of session, the student has to submit the project work to the college which includes a hard copy & soft copy along with a power point presentation.

 Viva voce M.M. 20 marks  Project report in the form of a hard copy & soft copy M.M. 50marks

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 85 B.P.T. – IVth Year PHYSIOTHERAPY IN CARDIO RESPIRATORY AND GENERAL CONDITIONS (LAB)

Course Code: BPT458 L-0, S-0, P-3, C-2

1. Lab demonstration of basic principles of physiotherapy assessment, functional assessment and application of physiotherapy in cardio – respiratory, OBG, Skin, and other medical conditions. 2. Student must maintain a logbook. The duly completed logbook should be submitted during Lab examination.

Text Books: 1. Cash's Textbook for Physiotherapists in Chest, Heart & Vascular diseases. JP Pub. 2. Cash's text book in General Medicine & Surgical conditions for Physiotherapists. Downie - Jaypee Brothers. 3. Donna Frown filter, Chest Physical therapy & pulmonary rehabilitation 4. Brompton's hospital guide. 5. Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy - Hillegass & Sadowsky - W.B. Saunders. 6. ACSM Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription ,ACSM, Williams and Wilkins. 7. Mackenzie et al ,Chest Physiotherapy in Intensive Care Unit , Williams and Wilkins. 8. Irwin and Tecklin, Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy ,Mosby. 9. Smith & Ball ,Cardiovascular / Respiratory Physiotherapy,Mosby.

Reference Books: 1. Webber, Physiotherapy in Cardio - Vascular rehabilitation 2. Wenger, Exercise & the Heart 3. P.J. Mehta, ECG , Jaypee publication 4. Irwin Scott, Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

\

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Page 86 B.P.T. – IVth Year PHYSIOTHERAPY IN SPORTS (LAB)

Course Code: BPT459 L-0, S-0, P-2, C-1

LAB: Course Code: BPT 1. Lab demonstration of basic principles of physiotherapy assessment, functional assessment and application of sports physiotherapy 2. Student must maintain a logbook. The duly completed logbook should be submitted during Lab examination.

Text Books/Refrence Books:

1. Sports physiotherapy- Maria Zuluaga, Churchill Livingstone 2. Peter Brukner, Karim Khan: Clinical Sports Medicine, Tata McGraw Hill 3. Gregory S. Kolt, Lynn Snyder-Mackle: Physical Therapies in Sport and Exercise, Churchill Livingstone.

Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

BPT Revised Syllabus Applicable w.e.f. Academic Session 2013-14 [21092013]

Page 87 B.P.T. – IVth Year REHABILITATION IN COMMUNITY MEDICINE & PHYSIOTHERAPY (LAB)

Course Code: BPT460 L-0, S-0, P-2, C-1

LAB: Course Code: BPT 1. Demonstration of methods of using orthotics & prosthotics devices. 2. Methods of organization of community based rehabilitation centres. 3. Visit of different rehabilitation centres and preparing a report of the visit & vivavoce of the aforesaid report.

Text Books: 1. Bhaskar Rao, Text book of Community Medicine & Community Health, Paras Medical Publisher 2. Andrew Guccione Geriatrics Physiotherapy , Elsevier Mosby. 3. Glenda Key, Industrial Therapy, Mosby 4. Chinnathurai, Short textbook of prosthetics and orthotics, Jp Medical Pub 5. Pruthvish, Community Based Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities 6. Madhuri, Geriatric Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine for Physiotherapist 7. Squires, Rehabilitation of the Older Person , Nelson Thornes

Reference Books: 1. Mural K F, Ergonomics Man in his working environment 2. Nordin Andersons Pope, Musculoskeletal Disorders in work place- Principle & Practice, Mosby Elsevier 3. G R Madan, Indian Social Problem Vol 2, Allied Publishers 4. Disability 2000-RCI 5. Gautam Bannerjee , Legal Rights of disabled in India 6. ICF -WHO Health Organisation 2001 publication 7. Park, Preventive &Social Medicine, Banarsidas Bhanot 8. Hallender Padmini Mendes, Training in the Community for the people with disability 9. David Werner , Disabled Village Children, Hesperian Foundation Note: Latest edition of the suggested books are recommended.

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Page 88 INTERNSHIP

(6 months after B.P.T. – IV Yr)

Guidelines: Placement in a recognized hospital where Indoor and Outdoor facilities are available. Following fields of Internship programme to be given by HOD/ Principal of Physiotherapy departments in a college:

1. Muskulo-Skeletal [Surgical / Medical 2. Traumatology / Rheumatology & old cases 3. Burns & Plastic Surgery 4. Neuro-Sciences [Surgical / Medical / Psycho-somatic 5. Paediatric 6. Psychiatry / Psycho-somatic 7. Cardio-Respiratory-[Surgical/ Medical 8. Surgical / Medical 9. Intensive Care (Surgical / Medical / Trauma) 10. Obstetrics & Gynecology 11. Geriatrics 12. Community based Rehabilitation 13. Project [Internship Includes Project on evidence based investigation measures or Clinical trials / Prospective case studies having sample size of minimum 20 subjects.]

Evaluation of the Internship 1. The student shall put up not less than 90% attendance during EACH assignment. Student's performance shall be graded by the respective clinic section In-charge at the end of each assignment. The candidates shall repeat the particular assignment if the performance is found unsatisfactory [Grade-C or 0]

2. Project-submitted by the candidate will be dully verified & a viva shall be conducted on the same at the end of the Internship& a grade shall be granted. Internship completion certificate shall be issued to the candidate ONLY after the satisfactory performance in Project Viva as well as in the "Attitude" during EACH clinical assignment. Completion certificate shall be given after satisfactory report from different departments. Only six leaves are allowed to an internee during the period of his/her internship. If he/she extends his/her leaves during the duration of internship, the period the internship shall be extended by double of the days for which the student was absent.

3. Grading in Projects - Evaluation of the project shall be carried out by a committee comprising of the subject teacher(s) and the two others teachers nominated by the Principal. Based on the committee’s recommendation the project shall be graded in following manner. Grade C: for marks from 50% to 60% Grade B: for marks from 61% to 75% Grade A: for marks from 76% and above Grading includes performance of intern, his/her attitude towards patients, seniors, doctors, nurses,

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Page 89 care givers, behavior, performance, skill ability, assessment, evaluation and method of presentation before the committee.

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Page 90