Klassifikation Vid De Nordiska Alkoholmonopolen En Jämförande Undersökning Av Fem Statliga Alkoholföretags Hemsidor

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Klassifikation Vid De Nordiska Alkoholmonopolen En Jämförande Undersökning Av Fem Statliga Alkoholföretags Hemsidor KANDIDATUPPSATS I BIBLIOTEKS- OCH INFORMATIONSVETENSKAP VID INSTITUTIONEN BIBLIOTEKS- OCH INFORMATIONSVETENSKAP/BIBLIOTEKSHÖGSKOLAN 2011:15 Klassifikation vid de nordiska alkoholmonopolen En jämförande undersökning av fem statliga alkoholföretags hemsidor Sisältää suomenkielisen tiivistelmän Með íslensku samantekt JOAKIM LILLJEGREN © Författaren Mångfaldigande och spridande av innehållet i denna uppsats – helt eller delvis – är förbjudet utan medgivande. Svensk titel: Klassifikation vid de nordiska alkoholmonopolen: En jämförande undersökning av fem statliga alkoholföretags hemsidor Engelsk titel: Classification at the Nordic alcohol monopolies: A comparative study of the web pages of five state-owned alcohol companies Författare: Joakim Lilljegren Färdigställt: 2011 Handledare: Katarina Michnik och Lars Seldén Abstract: This thesis deals with the goods classification of the Nordic alcohol monopolies, viz. Alko in Finland, Rúsdrekkasøla Landsins in the Faroe Islands, Systembolaget in Sweden, Vínbúðin in Iceland, and Vinmonopolet in Norway. The focus of the study is the web pages of the companies (as they appeared April 10th 2011) and the printed price catalogue of Alko, from which information on class division has been excerpted. The emphasis lies on the division into product groups and the information about origin. Within these facets, which partly overlap in some of the classification systems, the principles of division and the hierarchical relations between classes are studied. The systems have different degrees of specificity and many external dissimilarities, but they are all based on the same principles of division, which could be called production method, raw material, origin, and alcohol content. In general the systems are hierarchically well constructed, but some deviations occur, which might affect the information retrieval negatively. The study concludes with suggestions on how the companies could improve their classification systems. These suggestions are summarised company by company at the end of the essay. Nyckelord: klassifikationssystem, alkoholklassifikation, Alko, Rúsdrekkasøla Landsins, Systembolaget, Vínbúðin, ÁTVR, Vinmonopolet Sammandrag Denna uppsats handlar om varuklassifikation vid de fem nordiska alkoholmonopolen, d.v.s. Alko i Finland, Rúsdrekkasøla Landsins på Färöarna, Systembolaget i Sverige, Vínbúðin på Island och Vinmonopolet i Norge. Undersökningsobjekten är företagens hemsidor (såsom de såg ut den 10 april 2011) samt Alkos tryckta priskatalog, varur upplysningar om klassindelning har excerperats. Blickpunkten ligger på indelningen i varugrupper och uppgifter om ursprung. Inom dessa fasetter, som i vissa av klassifikationssystemen delvis överlappar varandra, granskas indelningsprinciperna och de hierarkiska relationer mellan klasserna. Systemen har varierande grader av specificitet och många yttre olikheter, men de bygger i grunden på samma indelningsprinciper, som kan betecknas som tillverkningsmetod, råvaror, ursprung och alkoholhalt. Överlag är systemen hierarkiskt väl uppbyggda, men vissa avvikelser förekommer, vilket kan leda till försämrad informationsåtervinning. Undersökningen utmynnar i förslag på hur företagen skulle kunna förbättra sina klassifikationssystem. Förslagen sammanfattas företagsvis i slutet av uppsatsen. Tiivistelmä Tämä opinnäyte käsittelee tuoteluokittelukäytäntöjä viidessä pohjoismaisessa alkoholimonopolissa: Suomen Alko, Färsaarien Rúsdrekkasøla Landsins, Ruotsin Systembolaget, Islannin Vínbúðin ja Norjan Vinmonopolet. Tutkimus perustuu yhtiöiden nettisivujen (päiväyksellä 10. huhtikuuta 2011) ja Alkon hinnaston soveltamiin luokituksiin, erityisesti koskien jaottelua tuoteryhmittäin ja tuotetaustoittain. Näiden, joissain luokitusjärjestelmissä osittain leikkaavien, fasettien pohjalta tarkastellaan sovellettuja luokitusperiaatteita ja luokkien hierarkkisia suhteita. Tutkitut järjestelmät vaihtelevat tarkkuusasteiltaan ja eroavat muutenkin esittelytasolla, mutta perustuvat pitkälti samoihin jaotteluperiaatteisiin, kuten valmistustapa, raaka- aineet, tuottaja ja alkoholiprosentti. Järjestelmät ovat hierarkkisesti loogisia, vaikka satunnaiset poikkeukset saattavatkin aiheuttaa ongelmia tiedonhaun yhteydessä. Johtopäätös tutkimustulosten pohjalta on että luokitusjärjestelmiä voidaan kehittää eri tavoin. Yhtiökohtaiset käytännön ehdotukset listataan opinnäytteen lopussa.* Samantekt Þessi ritgerð fjallar um vöruflokkun norrænu áfengiseinkasalnanna, þ.e.a.s. Alko í Finnlandi, Rúsdrekkasøla Landsins í Færeyjum, Systembolaget í Svíþjóð, Vinmonopolet í Noregi og Vínbúðin á Íslandi. Höfuðheimildir könnunarinnar eru heimasíður fyrirtækjanna (eins og þær litu út þann 10. apríl 2011) og prentuð vöruskrá Alkos, en héðan eru upplýsingar um flokkaskiptingu sóttar. Áhersla er lögð á skiptinguna í vöruflokka og upplýsingar um framleiðsluland og -hérað. Út frá þessum sjónarhornum, sem þó skarast að nokkru leyti í sumum flokkunarkerfum, er litið á flokkunarreglur og innbyrðis stigskipan flokkanna. Kerfin eru misjafnlega nákvæm og eru að sumu leyti ólík, en þau byggja þó á sömu flokkunarreglum, þ.e. gengið er út frá framleiðsluaðferð, hráefni, uppruna og áfengisstyrk. Að öllum jafnaði eru kerfin vel skipulögð stigkerfislega séð, þó með nokkrum frávikum. Þetta getur að vissu leyti torveldað heimildavinnsluna. Í lok rannsóknarinnar verður varpað fram tillögum um hvernig fyrirtækin geta endurbætt flokkunarkerfin. Þessar tillögur verða reifaðar út frá hverju fyrirtæki fyrir sig í lok ritgerðarinnar. * Tack till Katriina Byström vid Högskolan i Borås för den finska översättningen. Innehållsförteckning 1. Inledning...................................................... ................................................ ..................1 1.1. Syfte och frågeställningar................................ ....................... .................. ...........1 1.2. Avgränsningar............. ............................... .................. ..................... ...................2 1.3. Disposition...................................... .....................................................................2 2. Bakgrund......... ...................... ........................ .................... .................... ........................3 3. Teori och tidigare forskning...........................................................................................5 3.1. Klassifikation................................................................................... ....................5 3.2. Problem vid klassificering....................... ......................... ................... ................8 3.3. Nyttan med kunskapsorganisation................... ................................... ...............10 4. Material och metod.............. ................................. .......................................................12 4.1. Material............................................................................................. .................12 4.2. Tillvägagångssätt..... ........................... .............................. ........................ .........13 4.3. Notation och språk.................. ...........................................................................14 5. Resultatredovisning......... ................. ........................ ................................... ................16 5.1. Alko............... ........................ ............. ................... ........... .................................16 5.2. Rúsdrekkasøla Landsins.... .......................... ...................................... ....... .........17 5.3. Systembolaget.................................................................................... ................18 5.4. Vínbúðin.............................. ................. ..................... ................................ ........20 5.5. Vinmonopolet......... ................. ............................. .................... ................. ........21 5.6. Sammanfattning................ .................................................................................22 6. Analys och diskussion.............. ......................... ..................... ............... ............. .........24 6.1. Indelningsprinciper för varugrupperna............... ............................. ..................24 6.1.1. Tillverkningsmetod........................................................ .................... ......24 6.1.2. Råvaror.....................................................................................................24 6.1.3. Ursprung............................. ............................. ................................ ........25 6.1.4. Alkoholhalt....... ............ .............................. ................. ................... .........26 6.2. Ursprungsuppgifter............. .................... .................. .........................................27 6.3. Specificitet............ ..................................... ............................................ ............28 6.4. Inbördes ordning och terminologi........... ................. ............. .............. .......... ....29 6.5. Lokala förutsättningar.................................................................................. ......30 7. Avslutning......................................... .............................................. .............................32 7.1. Slutsatser och framtida forskningsfrågor.......... ......................... ........................32 7.2. Förbättringsförslag.............................................................................................33
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