Mikoyan's Visit Seen As Break in the Cold War Atrocity

Mikoyan's Visit Seen as Break th e MILITANT PUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

In the Cold War Vol. XXIII — No. 4 NEW YORK, N. Y., MONDAY, JANUARY 26, 1959 Price 10c By Daniel Roberts The most important fact about Soviet First Deputy Premier Mikoyan's visit to the United States from Jan. 4 to Jan. 20 was that it marked a new easing of the cold war following three rounds of international crisis over the Mideast, the Taiwan Straits and Berlin. The initiative for Mikoyan’s trip was taken by the Kremlin with the need in mind of a successful “peace move” on the evi of the 21st Congress of the Soviet Communist Party. However Preparations for War Mikoyan found conditions favorable here for his visit, indicating that in this country, too, the ruling circles needed a warmer diplomatic climate. The American press lauded Mikoyan. The nation’s top industrialists and bankers gave him friendly recep tions at meetings, lunches and banquets. He had talked with President Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, Secretary of Stat« Dulles, members of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee anc leading Democratic politicians. Biggest Item in Budget Mikoyan’s visit was pronounced a success by Eisenhower in a message to Mikoyan when he left. It was also endorsed in a Senate debate, with Senators Lyndon Johnson, Humphrey, Aiken, , (C o n tin u e d on Page 2) U.S. Tanks Atrocity — U.S.A. Democrats Demand Still Visitor in Washington End Strike An Editorial More for Pentagon; Tax Editors, congressmen and ministers general Malcolm Seawell to help keep the In Argentina are deploring the execution of Batista’s children locked up. Hike Aimed at Workers strong-arm men. At the hearing, Judge Price, who sent JA N . 22 — W hile Eisenhower the children up, tried to convert them in­ The President and Congress w ill sock the working rolled out the velvet carpet for We agree that each of these murder­ Argentine President Frondizi, ers, whose tortured victims are now being to hardened criminals with a “record.” people hard in the coming year. That’s what President 35-ton American-made Sher­ dug up by the hundreds from makeshift The record, it surprised no one to learn, Eisenhower’s budget message, submitted to Congress Jan. man tanks smashed through the graves, should receive a fair trial. exists no place outside this bigot’s head. 19, promises to do. One item, for instance, calls for a IV2 - gates of Buenos Aires meat­ But we think that the Castro govern­ But that did not prevent Gov. Hodge’s cent increase per gallon in the federal gasoline tax. packing plants to help break a representative from insisting on keeping There’ll be no tax reductions. Workers earning $3,000 to four-day general strike. By this ment asked a reasonable question in re­ ■♦$5,000 w ill co n tin u e to ha ve an morning, machine guns, tear the children jailed. And, in accordance sponse to the outcries. Why were the average of 12% taken out of gas, mass arrests and the draft­ with the Southern practice that overrides editors, congressmen and ministers silent their pay for income tax alone. ing of strikers virtually ended America’s constitutional guarantee of in the terrible years when Batista’s men N. Carolina T he to ta l bu d g e t comes to $77 the strike movement which had equality under the law, the children were b illio n . shut down every key Argentine clubbed and gunned some 20,000 Cuban kept jailed. industry and service. citizens? Here’s how each dollar of This case epitomizes the massive ef­ taxes you pay w ill be allocated The strike action was touched We should like to ask a still more Papers oil by a government “stabiliza­ fort of the racists to keep Negro children in the new budget: tion” program designed to put pertinent question of these same suddenly “in their place.” It epitomizes the resist­ M ilita ry ...... 59 cents the burden of inflation on A r­ converted spokesmen for fairness, j:or the ance against ending segregated schools. Argue Case Interest on gentine workers through hikes protection of the innocent and for due le­ public debt ...... 10 cents in living costs and widespread It is a striking example of the racist pre­ gal process in Cuba. What are they doing Top spokesmen for North Veterans ...... '...... 7 cents layoffs in government-operated judice, brutality and violence which about the atrocities committed in the Carolina racists are becoming Agriculture ...... 8 cents industries. The moves were American Negroes experience every day U.S.A. against the Negro people? concerned over the mounting O ther ...... 16 cents made in part to reassure Amer­ in infinite variety, from the most subtle, protest here and abroad against ican investors on the opportun­ Take, fo r example, the case of eight- poisonous condescension to the lynching the imprisonment of two Negro Total figures come to $45.8 ities for profits in Argentina. year-old David Simpson and ten-year-old children "guilty" of being kiss­ b illio n fo r m ilita r y o u tla y s ; $8.1 The New York Times report­ bees of the Ku Klux Klan and White James Hanover Thompson, of Monroe, ed by a white playmate. Ex­ billion for interest (mostly on ed from Washington yesterday Citizens Councils. I t is one case among money borrowed for previous N.C. These children were torn from their pressing this concern, two lead­ that “State Department officials countless others of the atrocities commit­ ing white newspapers made w a rs); $5.1 b illio n fo r vete ra ns; were relieved that the Argen­ mothers and held incommunicado in jail ted against the Negro people day in and damaging admissions about the $6 billion for agriculture; and Soviet First Deputy Premier Mikoyan (left) invites tine police and army had ap­ for' six days. They are now serving inde­ day out in America. state's brutal disregard for the $12 billion for “other.” U.S. Vice President Nixon to visit the. Soviet Union as sec­ parently smashed the general terminate sentences in a reformatory. welfare and legal rights of In his message to Congress s trik e .” Let’s hear something on this subject ond-ranking head of American government. Nixon left the James Simpson, eight, and David urging a balanced budget, invitation open. The White House has not yet indicated if it Since the ouster of the Peron Their “crime” was that a white child kiss­ from Sen. Wayne Morse and the others Hanover Thompson, ten. President Eisenhower said, “De­ intends to reciprocate the Mikoyan lour. regime, which had reflected in ed one of them in play. who have expressed their horror at the Application for a w rit to free sirability alone is not a sound a distorted way the opposition The Negro community of Monroe,v rude justice the angry Cuban people have the boys had been made by New criterion for adding to Federal o£ the Argentine masses to the under the leadership of Robert F. Wil- been meting out since they rose success­ York attorney Conrad Lynn in responsibilities.” One can read­ exploitation of the country’s re­ behalf of Robert F. Williams, ily agree where additions to sources by British and Ameri­ liams, is seeking the return of these chil­ fully against the Bourbons of their land. Cubans Roar Approval President of the National As­ the warmaking total are con­ can imperialism, the flow of dren* to their mothers. When a writ of W hat do you th in k of th is case of to r­ sociation for the Advancement cerned. But some of the items American capital into the coun­ ture and imprisonment of children in habeas corpus was served, Hodge, the gov­ of Colored People in Monroe. classified as “other”—particul­ try has steadily increased. New ernor of the state of North Carolina, took America? Doesn’t revulsion toward atroc­ arly those for labor and wel­ For Summary Justice contracts were recently signed Williams is chairman and Lynn ities begin at home? Speak up! fare and for housing — would with four American oil'com ­ the unus.ual step of assigning his attorney general counsel of the Commit­ By Lillian Kiezel tee to Combat Racial Injustice seem to be on the piddling side. panies, headed by Standard Oil. Here is a breakdown: From all corners of the island 600,000 Cubans rallied Striking workers at these oil which is fighting for release of the boys in collaboration with in Havana Jan. 21 in response to the call of Fidel Castro. fields were “mobilized” into the Public assistance $2.0 billon G ov. Almond "Disappoints" the NAACP. Judge Johnston Their banners read: “Revolutionary justice for the assas­ Argentine army and threatened Public health $0.7 billion with court-martial as “desert­ dismissed the w rit and remand­ Education $0.5 billion sins.” “Extradition of war crim-4- ers” if they' failed to return to ed the small victims to the re­ Public inals from the United States.” | and their eyes pulled out be- w o rk . Moderates on Desegregation formatory where they were housing $0.093 billion “Yankees go home.” Roaring i fore they were killed by Batis- c o m m itte d Oct. 28. greetings to Castro, they also ta’s men.” MASS ARRESTS JAN. 21 — Gov. Almond last 13,000 white children in three tional crisis” provoked by the In a Jan. 16 interview with The public-assistance figure roared approval of the m ilitary Msgnr. Alberto Martin, one Virginia cities have been locked 1954 S uprem e C o u rt school de­ North Carolina Governor Luth­ includes aid to states for exten­ In addition to the violence night rejected even the least trials of Batista’s henchmen of two Roman Catholic Bishops out of* school since last Sep­ cision “faded into history” last er Hodges, the Raleigh News & sion of unemployment compen­ against the strikers, the govern­ possible token school integra­ who had tortured and murdered who support the trials and tember because a federal court November when the Court up­ Observer said the Governor be­ sation—a program scheduled to ment shut down strike head­ their people. executions, sums up the senti­ tion. His declaration followed had ordered acceptance of a held the Alabama law which lieves “that the furor over [the] come to an end this year. quarters and the offices of the Resentment is high in Cuba ment this way: “In some cases rulings two days ago by the bars Negroes from “white” two Negro boys probably hasn’t (An item in the budget called C o m m u n ist P a rty . Some 500 few Negro students. over criticism in Congress of the people would have been ended,” and that he “blames in­ “other aids to business”' gets strike leaders have been im­ state Supreme Court and a fed­ It also outlawed a statute schools on a variety of grounds the summary justice. Well- justified if they had taken jus­ m a k in g state school funds other than race. By that de­ accurate newspaper accounts for $213 million. No original “aid k n o w n lib e ra ls such as Sen. prisoned and elected union of­ eral court invalidating statutes tice into their own hands and available to operate “private” cision, Krock said, “The courts the unusual interest aroused in to business” item is listed. But Wayne Morse (D. Ore.) and Rep. ficials replaced by government- implementing "massive resist­ killed known criminals without segregated schools, while the showed the Southern states how this country and abroad by the this needn’t perplex us. The Emanuel Celler (D. N.Y.), who appointed officials. waiting for a trial.” ance" to the integration of Vir­ federal court declared it un­ racial integration could legally Monroe case.” m ilitary budget, and much else claim they were critical of the As of this writing, the gov­ The Cuban people, it is clear, ginia's schools. constitutional to shut down be held to a very small per­ Editorials in the Charlotte Ob­ besides, w ill serve for the orig­ Batista regime, are opposing ernment has refused to make a want a clean sweep. “Get the “Moderate” Virginia Demo­ part of the public school sys­ centage fo r a lo n g tim e , as server and the Greensboro Daily inal “aid to business” category.) what they call a “bloodbath.” single concession to the de­ murderers!” The masses want crats were reported “disappoint­ tem . measured in decades . . .” News join 'Governor Hodges in They want Castro to wait until mands of the workers and ap­ The main quarrel Democrats the complete liquidation of the ed” that Almond had not T he Jan. 23 U.S. N ew s & the fake claim that “propaganda tempers have cooled and civil pears intent on smashing the have with the proposed budget despotic regime. The cry for switched to the tack of legal NEW PATTERN? World Report,adds: “. . . a new groups” and “inaccurate” press courts are reestablished. power of the unions completely. is that it "skimps" military ap­ “justice” is the form the de­ subterfuge indicated by the U.S. Almond railed against these approach to the race problem reports are responsible for the In reply, Castro invited the President Frondizi explained propriations. They propose to mands of the developing revol­ Supreme Court when it upheld decisions. But a growing num­ is emerging in some Stales of public outcry. They also go critical Congressmen along with it this way to the United States up this sum. They also want to ution have taken for the mom­ an Alabama school placement ber of Southern racist politi­ the South . . . The new idea is along with the assertion that 400 officials and newspapermen Congress yesterday: “Foreign boost an.aid-to-airport-construc- ent. law which effectively bars all cians were said to recognize to accept, as unavoidable, a the boys have “criminal rec­ from the U.S., Canada, Britain credit and investment find to­ tion item by a big amount and Resistance infuriates the little bit of mixing in public ords.” However, in expressing and Latin America to witness day in the Argentine republic but a handful of Negro pupils that “massive resistance” is no public - housing, public - assist - masses. They feel that the in iti­ from integration. schools here and there — but apprehension lest the racists th e H a va n a tria ls o f some 600 the same juridical guarantees longer urgent. ance and education items by ative is still in their hands. went too far in persecuting the prisoners. All declined except granted by any democratic- The Virginia Supreme Court Discussing the Virginia rul­ to provide insurance that no much smaller amounts. This is Castro’s course is to appease Rep. Clayton Powell (D. N.Y.) country. They w ill also find . . . ruled against a statute making ing, Arthur Krock, Washington white child shall be compelled, boys, both editorials confirm the substance of Senate Major­ them. By satisfying the thirst and Rep. Porter (D. Ore.). a hard-working and enterpris­ it “legal” to close any inte­ correspondent of the N.Y. against his wishes, to go to charges made by the Commit- ity Leader Johnson's program for “justice” in this form, he Castro knows full well how ing people.” grated school. Under this law, Times, said that the “constitu­ school with a Negro.” (Continued on Page 2) of "prudent progressivism." evidently hopes to divert the powerful ancf popular the sen­ revolution from proceeding to a timent is to settle scores with “justice” that would end capit­ the hated dictatox' and his mur­ alism . derous machine. He cabled In the giant Havana rally, the The un-Koreans Menace Fourth Term for Rhee President Eisenhower and the people of Cuba voiced their de­ Senate Foreign Relations Com­ By Alex Harte His new law provides: “Any army, is not inclined to worry. action in court to test the legal­ termination to decide the ques­ mittee protesting the attacks on person who disturbs the public His club-swinging cops demon­ ity of the U.S. measure, since tion of justice for themselves. his government: "The American Remember Korea? Thousands by publicly alleging or dissem­ s tra te d th a t as th e y b ro ke up it bans virtually all forms of Criticisms from Congress have silence on the crimes of the of American boys died there inating false facts 01- by alleg­ rallies of the Democratic party. demonstration against Washing­ stiffened this determination. Batista regime has made the wondering what the fighting ing or disseminating facts in a U.S. officials in Seoul felt ton’s puppet. present criticism of executions was about. But Syngman Rhee distorted way, thus benefiting compelled to protest when some PATRIOTIC STAND here offensive and dangerous knew. Truman went in there the enemy, shall be punished of the cops undiplomatically Leaders of the Democratic for Cuban-American relations. under the United Nations flag by penal servitude for not ex­ forced their way into the U.S. party have pleaded with the The international press has paid to save Rhee’s rule and Rhee ceeding five years.” Embassy and tried to drag out aged despot to give them some no attention to the moral re­ doesn’t intend to let that vic­ The measure abolishing popu­ an American photographer so assurance that the “anti-sub­ forms, the order and renewed tory slip through his fingers. In lar election of municipal of­ insensitive to Rhee’s way of versive” law w ill really be used faith in the government which fact he is now electioneering in ficials is a reform much to politicking as to take pictures against Communists and not has surged forth with the new ill his own inimitable way for a Rhee’s liking, since it provides of demonstrators being clubbed against them. The same pious regim e." fourth term as president. for their appointment instead, down in front of the place. hope has been voiced by U.S. But the victims tell the tale On Christmas Eve special thus lending more human in­ They were “overzealous” in officials anxious to smooth out better than anyone else. Their guards hired by the dictator terest to the office of president. carrying out their duty, the the wrinkles, that have formed wounds are eloquent evidence ran members of the Democratic "GRAVE CONCERN" Korean government later ex­ between Rhee and the Demo­ of torture endured. Odon Al­ party out of the National As­ Washington is worried that plained, with admirable regard crats. varez de la Campa, Castro’s sembly. Rhee had good reason Rhee’s style of campaigning for accurate use of language. But a request to meet with sub secretary of Agriculture, for giving himself tnis kind of may lead to turmoil — inside' Rhee’s barnstorming has also Democratic leader John M. arrived in the U.S. this week. Christmas present inasmuch as South Korea. “U.S. officials left U.S. officials “deeply con­ Chang was understandably re­ He has no hands. Batista’s po­ the Opposition, for all its loyal­ have made no secret of their cerned with the probable im­ jected by Rhee. He could not lice amputated them after his ty, had staged a six-day sit- grave concern over public re­ pression abroad.” The accuracy “sit in company with a person ca p tu re in 1957. H e to ld re p o rt­ down to protest certain mea­ action should the anti-subver- of this report was indicated who, through his statements ers: “The Cuban people have sures he was sponsoring. sive and anti-espionage law be when Ambassador Dowling was and actions hurts the Adminis­ lost too much and these people Then Rhee’s Liberal party used to silence press criticism hurriedly called back to Wash­ tra tio n .” are asking for Justice. Thank unanimously adopted the “anti- of the Government and curtail ington for “consultation.” This answer indicates that God that the government is Commurtist” police-state bill the Opposition’s political activ­ Meanwhile the Democrats Rhee has only the highest in­ conducting these trials, for if that had disturbed the Opposi­ ity in the name of anti-Com- staged an indoor rally to pro­ terests of the nation in mind Korean dictator Syngman Rhee and Walter Robertson of not, the people would take jus­ FIDEL CASTRO, leader of tion. And another bill abolish­ munist policy,” reported the test Rhee’s new laws. The and that these interests may the State Department beam happily at time of Korean truce. tice into their own hands. I was popular Cuban uprising, ing local elections. Jan. 17 N.Y. Times. wily dictator immediately in­ compel him to place Chang on W ashington is beam ing less today as Rhee's new dictatorial fortunate compared to the great warns against U.S. interven­ Rhee finds the growing But Rhee, tranquilized by an voked a U.S. military govern­ trial for violating the new anti­ measures provoke an internal crisis. Rhee points out that number of women and children tion in internal Cuban af­ strength of the Democrats dan­ annual allotment of $400,000,000 ment statute barring such ral­ communist law with his sub­ the U.S. government also lakes steps to ensure "internal who had their tongues cut out fairs. gerous to the public welfare. from the U.S. Treasury for his lies. The Democrats then filed versive criticisms. security." Page Two THE M IL IT A N T Monday. January 28, 1959 Does Labor Bureaucracy Vanish A t Ease ...Carolina Case ( C o ntin ued fro m Page 1) w e re he ld without fo rm a l tee. to Combat Racial Injustice charges for six days in Union and the NAACP. County jail. . . . In the second If You Refuse to See It's There? place, they were never allowed Suggesting that perhaps the to confront their accusers. The state should have found foster By Murry Weiss side of several generations of this demand the number one white girls and their parents homes for the boys, the Jan. 15 In ihe January issue of Po­ effort to build a labor party co n tra ct issue fo r 1958. - were heard in one private ses­ Charlotte Observer said: “If it litical Affairs, monthly maga­ the workers have been voting When it came to ihe actual sion; the Negro boys and their was necessary that the law do zine expressing the views of for their class enemies year in negotiations, of course, Reuther parents in another. . . . In the something, it was just as nec­ the Communist Party, William and year out, for a half-century, scuttled ihe demand at ihe bar­ third place, the presiding judge essary that it do the right thing. Z. Foster begins an article, with the trade-union leaders gaining table. Ask the militant said the boys had appeared be­ Tender age is involved here. "Work in the Two Party Sys­ merely going along. But this auto workers if they think they fore him previously but offered These are mere children. They tem," with the observation: "It isn’t the case at all! can fight for 30-for-40 without no formal record of their of­ are in no sense criminals. They is a peculiarity of the American fighting Reuther! fense. Somewhere somebody BLOCKED LABOR PARTY are more the natural result of labor movement that the trade The same holds for the bitter should have kept a formal rec­ an environment which they did unions have no mass Labor The trade-union bureaucracy struggle against the back­ ord in the court. Even a juven­ not create and which they can­ Party, or other mass party." has fought the formation of a breaking speed-up in the plants; ile court should encourage such not change.” For over half a century, Fos­ labor party tooth and nail since for the sweated assembly line form ality.” Exposing the hypocritical ter says, the American work­ the stormy rise of the CIO. worker it is a . daily struggle, claim that state officials were ers have been “voting for the Time after time the workers at­ not only against the corporation REAL REASON concerned over lack of proper policies and candidates of the tempted to transfer their m ili­ and its plant managers, fore­ home atmosphere and sought to Expressing the real reason for two old bourgeois parties, Dem­ tant class-struggle movement to men, time-and-motion study ex­ provide such atmosphere for the its concern w ith these violations ocratic and Republican, with the political arena. Each time perts, but also against the en­ two children, the Observer de­ of the law, the Daily News con­ the emphasis op the former.” they were blocked and driven tire machinery of the union clared: “The institution at Hoff­ cludes: “. . . those who operate And the “general result is that back by the bureaucracy. De­ bureaucracy. man can correctly be called a such courts should make sure the workers as a whole . . . spite the tragic results of its Ask any General Motors pro­ FOSTER training school. It cannot be their actions, however well in­ have remained deplorably weak political policy, the labor bur­ duction worker whether he can called a home, however hard its tended, are not made vulner­ politically.” eaucracy has continued to ac­ fight speed-up without fighting officials try to make it so.” able in any way to outside dis­ T he question immediately the American labor bureaucracy tively support and build the the union bureaucracy. Sen. Lyndon B. Johnson can lake ihings easy because To this indictment the Jan. 16 to rtio n .” arises: What accounts for this does n o t even e xist. H e sees capitalist two-party system. The struggle to organize the he only needs io wave his finger to get whai he wants, Greensboro Daily News adds: The pious claims that the in­ peculiarity? The American “middle and progressive work­ It is the bureaucracy, and not unorganized, to unionize the especially from liberal Democrats. After getting the liberals “If the goal was sound . . . tentions of the officials involved working class is the most pow­ ers and leaders” or “conserva­ the workers in their mass that South, to weld Negro-Labor ip play dead while he stopped efforts to end the Senate's some of the procedures used to were good, and only their “pro­ erful in the world; it built an tive workers and their leaders” has become a part of ihe Demo­ solidarity against Jim Crow in filibuster rule, the Texas leader of ihe Democratic Party achieve it left much to be de­ cedures” bad, was blasted in a industrial union m ove m en t in the trade-union movement. cratic machine, that participates all its forms, is a daily and offered his own "civil rights" bill. You're right. Nothing in sired. In the first place, David Jan. 17 editorial in the Caro­ through m ilitant class-struggle The concept of a labor bureauc­ (on ihe lower levels in ihe hourly struggle against the la­ it about school integration. Simpson and James Thompson lina Times, a leading Southern tactics; and now it finds itself racy as a social caste, as an main) in Democratic machine bor bureaucracy. Ask the m ili­ Negro paper which has been completely helpless on the po­ integral part of the structure of politics and that has developed tant Negro or white worker in waging a m ilitant campaign for litical arena, without an inde­ capitalist equilibrium and*rule, deep material and political in­ the South; ask the fighting release of the boys. pendent policy or party. as “labor lieutenants of capital terests in ihe fortunes of one leaders of the Southern Negro Cutting through ihe claim of A Marxist analysis of the na­ in the ranks of labor,” deeply of the two monopoly capitalist struggle against segregation; Welcome Given to Mikoyan ... previous "offenses" by ihe boys, ture and cause of this profound imbued with capitalist ideology, ask them if they can conduct parties. ihe Times declares: "The fact peculiarity would seem to be in resting on the more privileged It is this identification of the their fight without running into (C o n tin u e d fro m Page 1) and order” in the colonial tion, and politicians in both remains that these two small order. But Foster doesn’t even and satisfied layers of the work­ the white-supremacist labor w o rld . capitalist parties agree, because bureaucracy with the Democra­ Javits and Fulbright finding the boys were never jailed, threat­ pose this question let alone ing class, defending special ma­ bureaucracy of the South, a they know that the peace issue tic Party machine that has trip'-^to have been worthwhile— ened with being jailed or taken an sw e r it. terial interests, is not even bureaucracy that is sanctioned EFFECTIVE DETERRENTS gets votes. chained the unions officially to “ on balance,” as J a v its said. to a reformatory until ihey There is a good reason for alluded to in Foster’s article. and protected by the top of­ However, this does not elim­ capitalist politics, that has made (The members of the greatest But giant technological ad­ broke the unwritten law of this. To investigate the causes, It is as if for Foster all this ficials of the AFL-CIO. inate the war danger, which is available the treasuries and or­ talk-shop in the world natural­ vances in the USSR, the grow­ white supremacy. . . . We are for the political weakness of had disappeared without a ly found that the most worth­ lodged in ihe capitalist system. ganizing staffs of the unions to STRUGGLE FOR PEACE ing strength of China and the compelled io look wi'ih suspi­ the American working class trace. while feature of Mikoyan’s visit spread of the national indepen­ One crucial element is missing the Democratic Party, and that cion on [Juvenile Judge] Price's leads to the causes for the po­ And not for Foster alone. In On the highest level of is­ was that it displayed willing­ dence struggles in Asia, Africa and ihe lack of ii prevents has trapped the workers in a statement that ihe reason he litical weakness of the leader­ none of the resolutions, articles, sues: the struggle for peace ness on both sides to talk about and Latin America constantly blocking the war drive perman­ situation where they face the made no previous entries in his ship of the labor movement. speeches and declarations of narrow choice between two and against the cold-war witch­ their differences. That Russia is make the task confronting U.S. ently. T h a i is an independent course by ihe labor movement records is because he wanted io This in turn brings us to the either the Communist Party or monopoly capitalist candidates hunt — where is the labor bur­ now open for junkets also ap­ big business more formidable. in opposition to big-business help them. Ii lakes no sage to character of the leadership. Is the Socialist Party-Social Dem­ on election day. eaucracy to be found? It sup­ pealed to the congressmen.) Nor could they find an opening rule, including its foreign policy. determine how much help a the leadership a mere reflec­ ocratic Federation is there a Foster says, “The CP works ports the most belligerent wing Dulles even modified—at least through upheavals in the So­ Without labor leadership, popu­ juvenile judge would be io iwo tion of the rank and file, more hint of the Marxist concept of on the theory that it is impos­ of American monopoly capital­ verbally—the U.S. government’s viet orbit such as the Hungar­ lar anti-war sentiment cannot liiile Negro boys whom he re­ or less responsive to the w ill of the labor bureaucracy. To be sible for the workers to win ism in its drive to make the stand on Germany in order to ia n R e v o lu tio n o f 1956. These be mobilized effectively against ferred io iwice in his testimony the organized workers? Or is sure we occasionally encounter complete control of either the world, safe for capitalism and demonstrate willingness on the events gave imperialism no ihe source of ihe war danger. as 'niggers.' When he slammed the leadership composed of a the term “bureaucracy,” used Democratic Party, or the Re­ to crush the socialist revolution State Department’s part to ne­ foothold, because the workers Maneuvers by Democratic or them in jail and held them there bureaucracy with interests of in a descriptive way for bad publican Party, they being too and colonial uprisings. The gotiate further with the Soviet sou gh t socialist democracy not Republican administrations can for six days he was giving them its own, separate from those of practices of certain sections of closely controlled by the mon­ AFL-CIO bureaucracy provides government on the question. capitalist restoration. divert ihe sentiment. Because exactly the kind of help he felt the workers and tied up with the leadership. In this usage opolists, and that eventually the shrillest notes in the chorus For the future, a return visit To the above-cited deterrents ihere will always be interna­ they should have." the very capitalist class that bureaucracy is listed along with the workers and their allies of anti-Soviet propaganda and of Nixon—this cpuntry’s num­ must be added mounting popu­ tional incidents io trigger new exploits the workers? racketeering and business w ill have to form an indepen­ red baiting. ber two official—to the Soviet lar anii-war sentiment in Eu­ explosions, ihe opportunities NATIONAL DEBT CASE OF BLINDNESS? unionism as various aspects of George Meany is one of the Union is projected. “Undoubted­ rope and ijie United States. The dent Labor Party.” will abound for ihe capitalist “malpractice in office.” Very good. Let's take this few business leaders (that’s the ly,” Erwin D. Canham, editor combination of these factors The national debt has now A s fa r as F oster is concerned politicians to manipulate a re­ This only scratches the sur­ way he regards himself) who of the Christian Science Moni­ has repeatedly pushed back ihe reached a record peak of $280.9 statement at face value for ihe sumption of ihe cold war and Advertisement face of the problem. Without refused to even meet w ith M ik- tor, said Jan. 19, “[.Mikoyan’s American ruling class' time­ billion, according to a November time being. The Socialist Work­ to blame the Soviet side for it. the concept of the labor bur­ oyan during his recent visit. trip] paved the way for a new table for war. Treasury statement. Borrowing ers Party also works on ihe The principal obstacle to the eaucracy as a social formation, Under the direction of the State b ig -p o w e r foreign ministers Big Business policy makers to pay interest on the estimated same theory. American labor movement as­ Hew Bock Service as a parasitic, cancerous growth Department, the AFL-CIO bur­ confe.ence on German prob­ then found that they couldn’t $12 billion deficit incurred this But the labor bureaucracy suming the leadership of the on the body of the labor move­ eaucracy spends the money col­ lems. Perhaps it opened the forever psychologize the Am eri­ year will push the national Are you looking for a does not work on this theory. anti-war struggle is the labor ment, we cannot begin to un­ lected from American workers’ door to a summit conference.” can people for war. They found debt still higher. hard-to-get, out-of-print radi­ It has its own theory and prac­ bureaucracy. The best these derstand either the reason for dues to smash left-wing trade In addition, ii is possible that it necessary periodically to re­ cal book or pamphlet? We tice. Walter Reuther, who in mossbacks can do is timidly the absence of a labor party in unions in Europe, Asia, Africa concreie agreements about trade lax the tension. specialize in the works of Foster’s book must be a “pro­ follow the lead of big-,business Advertisement the U.S. or the road to building and Latin America and to fi­ were reached between Mikoyan Such relaxation took place at Marx, Engels, Lenin and gressive” or at least a “moder­ politicians when they exercise a labor party, or what kind of nance unions that knuckle un­ and the leading capitalists he the Bulganin-Eisenhower “sum­ Trotsky, but we w ill be glad ate” union leader, explained tactical flexibility on the diplo­ labor party it can and should der to American imperialism. spoke io. In a period when big m it” conference in Geneva in 'Just A rrived to put any other labor or his v ie w a t th e 1954 C IO c o n ­ matic arena. Walter Reuther be. In the U.S. the bureaucracy business is s till tryin g to climb J u ly 1955. N o th in g o f substance socialist titles you may be vention in Los Angeles. and James Carey, for instance, “Germany, the Key to the has, in collaboration with the out of ihe depression of ihe was resolved. Although a tem­ searching for on our book- Foster says, “It is impossible “A labor party, here,” Reu­ w e n t as fa r as lu n c h in g w ith past year, possibilities of in­ porary “coexistence” deal be­ International Situation” scouting list. We have con­ to establish an effective Labor ther said, “would commit the FBI, witch-hunted and hounded Mikoyan. (After all, business creased trade with the Soviet tween the Soviet bureaucracy by Leon Trotsky nections with the world’s Party movement without a solid American political system to radicals and militants out of executives were doing it too.) bloc undoubtedly are attractive. and American imperialism is In th is p a m p h le t o f 40 biggest used-book centers in trade union foundation. This the same narrow class structure the unions. George Meany, AFL-CIO presi­ Such trade , as th e M ilita n t possible eventually, capitalism’s pages, written in 1931, Trot­ New York and London. the workers have experienced upon which the political parties In other words, the daily dent, held fast to last year’s has said before, is also of bene­ compelling need to eliminate sky outlines the course of And if you want the latest time and again in their several of Europe are built.” Reuther class struggle in the U.S. on line which forbids even lunch­ fit to the American working the Soviet property fo rm s history and the effect upon pew books, the ones that generations of effort to create argued that “America is a place every level dictates the stra­ ing with the Russians. people. Even without agreement makes agreement on concrete the working class if Hitler socialists put on their “must” the Labor Party.” Several gen­ where social gro.ups are in flux, tegy of building a left wing in about trade (or about nuclear- issues difficult to achieve. (The should take power. iist to keep up with develop­ erations of effort! Doesn't the without a rigid class structure.” the unions oriented towards the test cessation, which would be conflict of social systems pre­ WAYS OF A POLITICIAN Trotsky urged unity be­ ments, we can supply you failure of these efforts demand This theory, permeated with formation of a labor party. And a boon to people everywhere), vents basic agreement on such In a speech in Detroit in tween the Communists and w ith these, too. an explanation? the ideology and flavored with this left wing must be com­ the very easing of the cold war time-fuses for war as divided 1932, F ra n k lin D. Roosevelt, the Social Democrats to pre­ Free Catalog sent on re­ the propaganda of the NAM, is pletely independent of the ide­ Foster’s “blind spot” with re­ benefits theip. Germany, let alone divided Eu­ then running for his first term, vent the victory of Hitler. quest. typical of the thinking of the ology and organized machine of gard to the labor bureaucracy rope. And it makes lasting “co­ called for removing the causes Long out of print. Send labor bureaucrats. Can a serious the labor bureaucracy. It must, SLOWED WITCH-HUNT Pioneer Publishers surrounds the problem with a existence” impossible.) Never­ of poverty — but he refused to 35c for your copy. struggle for a labor party be indeed, be built in the course 116 U n iversity Place thick cloud of mystery and con­ Previous moves, in 1954-55, theless, willingness of the So­ spell out methods to achieve organized unless this kind of of a historic struggle to smash Pioneer Publishers New York 3- N.Y. fusion. From his article one to arrive at a modus vivendi viet and U.S. heads of state this because, he said, it was ideology and leadership is con- this bureaucracy and return to 116 U n iversity Place gets the impression that along- with the Soviet Union brought mutually to credit each other Sunday and he would not talk sisiently opposed? the great traditions of union N ew Y o rk 3, N .Y . an easing of the witch-hunt. with a “sincere” desire for p o litic s . . Advertisement Advertisement dem ocracy. Foster, however, is too dis­ peace served to “thaw” the cold The power of the American This made it possible for peo­ creet to even mention the labor ple to speak more freely against war temporarily. labor bureaucracy, like the Advertisement Advertisement bureaucracy, let alone propose the bi-partisan war drive and power of American capitalism, W H O F L IE S a struggle against it. Actually more freely about such issued is great; but the power of the THE BANNER OF PEACE? he proposes that the Commu­ as civil rights, civil liberties and nist Party and left wing union­ industrial working class in the socialism. ■ In the last election, In the ensuing period—especi­ ists strive to become a part of U.S. is even greater. Under the the witch-hunt smog had clear­ ally in the past year—the U.S. John Gates' Story impact of great upheavals and the bureaucracy, strive to re­ ed enough so that Nixon’s use Buy Me mass radicalization, the crus- government has been put on establish the old alliance be­ of the “soft-on-Communists” tified bureaucratic caste will the spot repeatedly in diplo­ tween the Communist Party charge against the Democrats John Gates, former editor of the Daily Worker, undoubtedly crack up and man­ matic exchanges with the Krem ­ and(a section of the labor bur­ fell flat—indeed, revulsion to it has written an entire book to explain why he joined ifest its inherent weakness; lin over nuclear testing and eaucracy that was broken as a may have contributed to the namely, that it bases itself not over U.S. m ilitary bases abroad. the Communist Party in 1931, rose to top rank in its result of the cold war. Democratic sweep. on the class movement of the Many spokesmen for the Amer­ leadership, and then, after'27 years, decided to resign. This strategy cannot serve in The easing of the cold war ican side admitted that the exploited workers but On spec­ building a genuine left wing in does not mean, however, that blame for the continued danger ial privileges granted to it by In a rounded review of “The Story of an American the trade unions or a labor Mikoyan is right in crediting of World War III was increas­ a ru lin g class; a r u lin g class» Communist,” Joseph Hansen, editor of the International party as stages in the struggle the financial moguls who run ingly placed on Washington. that still possesses sufficient for a socialist America. This be­ this country with sincerely “The banner of peace now flies Socialist Review, doubts that Gates really grasps the wealth to create a special comes clear the moment we wanting peace. To the capital­ over the Kremlin,” said the meaning of his own experience from a Marxist point of agency of support for itself ir look at the problem concretely. ist policy makers, relaxing the New York Post, for instance, view. But it is important to every militant worker to the ranks of the organized cold-war tension is a tactical on April 1. working class. get the clearest possible understanding of what those WORKERS' PROBLEMS adaption to the given world rela­ In the process of its disinte­ Strong criticism was voiced long years in the CP did to Gates and to his generation. tionship of forces, not a change The struggle for a labor party gration the bureaucracy will in leading U.S. political circles of basic strategy. w ill develop in the ranks of the develop all kinds of cracks and about the State Department’s Read this careful analysis in the winter issue of organized movement of the fissures; it w ill suffer split-offs, The U.S. big-business imper­ failure to at least negotiate the International Socialist Review. Send 35 cents for with the Soviet government. workers and the Negro people inner struggles and crises. A ialists have been stymied for a copy. The sweep to the Democrats as a result of the increasingly resolute left wing, founded on the last six years in their prep­ arations for launching World last Nov. 4 was based in part compelling need to find a po­ the rock of class-struggle prin­ W a r I II . They aim at recon­ on public reaction to the much- litical solution to the intoler­ ciples can exploit these devel­ International Socialist Review quering East Europe, the Soviet advertised Dulles brink-of-war able problems bearing down on opments; it can bloc with sec­ Union and China for capitalist policy. Under these conditions the working people. The inevit­ tions of the bureaucracy to ad­ 116 U n iversity Place N ew Y o rk 3. N . Y . exploitation in such a war and the ruling class as a whole has able intensification of mass vance specific issues and win at restoring imperialist “law seen the need for a new relaxa- struggles around the issues con­ specific concessions. fronting the working class w ill The pre-condition for the suc­ bring about a collision between cess of such maneuvers, how­ the rank-and-file, leftward- ever, is the complete indepen­ Introductory Offer Five Will Set You Six moving, worker militants and dence of the left wing from the the bureaucracy. Even today, bureaucracy. This is precisely $5 will get you six half-year trial subscriptions to It's getting close to the end of January, time to on every one of these pressing what the Communist Party A Six-Month Subscription get me up on the wall as the first page of your most issues the bureaucracy is ranged abandoned when it joined the t h e M il i t a n t on the side of the capitalists bureaucracy during the thirties interesting calendar. Four cartoons beautifully repro­ against the workers. in supporting and building the To The Militant for only $1 Ask your friends to join you in the fight for a socialist duced on vellum paper. Please send $1. The proceeds The workers face the problem two-party system. world. Use this club subscription blank for yourself and your friends. of automation and chronic un­ How and why the Commu­ will help publish a whole book of Laura Gray cartoons. N am e employment; thus the demand nist Party, which started out as for a 30-hour week with no re­ a revolutionary party, became N a m e ...... , ...... for a time the junior partner duction in pay has gained wide A ddress ...... Zone union support, among the auto of the American labor bureauc­ A ddress ...... Zone ...... Pioneer Publishers workers in particular. The racy w ill be the theme of an­ UAW bureaucracy has obstruct­ other article. C ity ...... S tate ...... C ity State ...... 116 University Place ed a real struggle for this de­ mand over and over again. Yet FOR "FLATION" Send to The Militant, 116 University Place, New Send with $5 to The Militant, 116 University Place, the pressure for it was so great In 1934, Pres. R oosevelt said New York 3, N. Y. York 3, N.Y. New York 3, N.Y. We w ill send you six prepaid sub­ that the last convention of the he favored “reflationary” not scription blanks. UAW was compelled to declare “inflationary” price rises. Monday, January 26, 1959 T H E MILITANT Pag.e Tkxes

Subscription: $3 a year; Ca­ Second class postage paid nadian, $3.50; foreign. $4.50. t h e MILITANT at New York, N. Y. The American Editor: DANIEL ROBERTS Business Manager: BEATRICE ALLEN Published weekly by the M ilitant Publishing Assn., 116 University PI., N.Y. 3. N.Y. Phone: Cl 1 3-2140. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily represe it the M ilitant’s policies. These are expressed in editorials. Way of Life Vol. X X III — No. 4 M onday, January 26, 19§9 Living in a Soft Spot Advocate of Force and Violence I When the capitalist economists and propagandists get lyrical about an American boom, they generally remain In a speech in the Senate, Strom ruling minority, no longer able “peace­ sober enough to admit that a “few soft spots” are to be Thurmond, South Carolina Democrat, de­ fully” to thwart majority w ill may r.esort found. They dismiss these, how *------clared that a minority stripped of a to “intrigue, conspiracy and coup d’etat, ever, as of m in o r im p ortan ce. macaroni and cheese, sweet po­ “peaceful defensive shield” like the fili­ if possible,” or to “bloody [counter-] rev­ • After all, isn’t America the tatoes, corn bread, and powder­ ed m ilk . buster may “take steps to protect itself olution, if necessary”— is not at all alien most prosperous country in the w o rld ? "BADLY UNDERNOURISHED" by whatever means it finds at its disposal to the thinking of leading big-business It’s therefore unusual to find John Mays who was in charge —by intrigue, conspiracy and coup d’etat policy-makers. The violence that leading a detailed description in the of the program said that about if possible, by bloody revolution if neces­ corporations organized in the 1930’s to capitalist press of what life is twenty of the children were sary.” (Reported by Warren Duffee in the block the CIO testifies to that. On a global like in one of the soft spots. “badly undernourished” and Jan. 10 N.Y. World Telegram.) scale, “police actions” in Korea and Le­ Such a story appeared in the that twenty-eight were forced Jan. 11 N.Y. Times — a vivid to stay home because they Thurmond wasn’t threatened with banon show that the controlling sections report of Harlan County, Ken­ lacked shoes or coats or both. prosecution under the Smith Act (written of the American capitalist class respond tucky, where the coal miners A truckload of clothing had ar­ by a Dixiecrat compeer) for his statement. violently almost by reflex action to popu­ have been hit by “hard times rived from St. Louis, but that In fact, he was awarded a new public lar attempts to breach the status quo: — the worst since the great de­ was two months ago, and today pression.” trust shortly afterward. On Jan. 14, Ma­ History .shows that no ruling class has the need was greater. "Mines have been shutting Mays added: "Even on morn­ jority Leader Lyndon Johnson appointed ever yielded its power peacefully no mat­ down at a steady pace since ings when there was frost cfn him to the Senate Armed Services Com­ ter how great the majority in the popula­ last April," Homer Bigart notes. the ground some kids came mittee. We suppose that with the move tion seeking social change. Basic trans­ "Others have mechanized to the barefoot to school." to k ill the filibuster safely defeated, John­ formations in society have been accom­ point where 100 men with ma­ At Evarts neither the ele­ chines now dig more coal than mentary nor the high school son felt that the Dixiecrats wouldn’t start panied by violence because the ruling 500 miners did with shovels and has a lunchroom and only a civil war just yet. class initiated it to stem the march of picks." cheese sandwiches and milk The violence Thurmond preached in progress. “.Miners hunted in vain,” he were available to the more than the Senate is what white supremacists are In American history,, we have the Kwame Nkrumah (in striped robe) celebrates with crowd at entrance of building where continues, “for work in near-by 1,500 ch ild re n . practicing every day in the South. Racist example of the Southern slave owners—a the first All-African Conference was held in Accra, Ghana. The gathering, which called for towns. Some took gunny sacks Jack McPeek, a law enforce­ a United States of Africa stirred fresh hope among freedom-seeking Africans throughout and gathered coal that had ment officer, described Kenvir officials associated with the White Citi­ small, hated minority even among South­ the continent. spilled from gondolas or coal as “ a q u ie t c o m m u n ity w ith zens Councils instigate terrorist actions or ern whites—launching the Civil War of trains. They sold it for $5 or very little larceny. But the perform them officially to block the Su­ 1861-65 to preserve the slave system. In $6 a ton. Soon all this ‘slack’ crime rate will go up, people preme Court decision declaring school 1860, the American people elected Abra­ coal had vanished.” w ill be robbing and stealing for segregation unconstitutional. In Little ham Lincoln and the Republicans on a How Congo Civil Strife THOUSANDS DESTITUTE need.” He recalled the thirties Harlan County officials told when a hungry crowd raided Rock, for instance, mob action to prevent program of containing^ the slave power grocery stores in near-by Ev­ integration of Central High School was and breaking its hold on the federal gov­ B ig a rt “ th a t 13,056 persons w e re destitute.” The Stale Board of arts. traced back to Governor Faubus. ernment. Implicit in the demands of the Started at Leopoldville Welfare reported' that nearly Officer McPeek thought that The Southern agrarian ruling class, majority of the American people wgs 9,000 families, totaling over 38,- most of the 2,000 destitute per­ sons living along Yoacum Creek which gains most from Jim Crow, and for abolition of slavery. The slave-owners The Jan. 4 uprising of the the names they have chosen for a brutal fashion against an un­ 000 persons were on relief. were virtual prisoners of the Africans in Leopoldville, prin­ themselves. armed population. They are to The Times reporter found on whom Thurmond speaks, is not, of course, then staged an armed rebellion to defeat valley. They had no money to cipal city of the Belgian Congo, Thus the area of the French blame for most of the killings his tour of the region “that the dominant section of the American the democratically expressed w ill of the move even if jobs were offered has as its recent background Congo inhabited by the Ubangi- . . . European policemen fired many families remain hungry, m a jo rity. them elsewhere. ruling class. Indeed, right now, the most much Belgian maneuvering Shari has named itself the Cen­ on everyone they ran across— and ill-clothed. Children are "SPOILED" influential sections of big business believe Today that kind of rebellion—threat­ against the aspiration of the tral African Republic and the women, old people, children. At kept out of school for lack of that there should be some token reforms ened by Thurmond in the Senate—is most Congolese — plus jailings and French Middle Congo region Matete and Ndjili, there had shoes. Until the weather turned Bigart reports that “accord­ made in the race system of the South. likely to take the form of fascism. The other police harassment of the has organized into the Congo been no agitation. The atmos­ bitterly cold many. went to ing to some of the natives, the school barefoot.” labor force has been ‘spoiled’ Their opinion was voiced again in recent working people w ill have to be prepared Negro leaders. Republic. These names were phere was troubled by police­ Last year, the Belgian im­ chosen with an eye on the fu­ men who fired on innocent peo­ In Kenvir, eight miles east of by the comparatively high pay editorials of the New York Times urging to meet it as they press ever more vigor­ perialists were forced to permit ture of both French- and Bel­ ple. At Matete, a worker— Harlan, Bigart found that the scale of the union mines. This adoption of an anti-filibuster rule. ously for democratic reforms in American the Congolese some token form gian-dominated Congo areas. father of six—who was about “towns, or camps are rows of ‘frightens away’ potential in­ But Thurmond’s declaration—that a economic, political and social life. of self-government and permit­ The events immediately pre­ to go to work, was killed in identical frame houses, with dustries.” But he also admits ted elections on an experimen­ ceding the Jan. 4 rising are cold blood by a policeman. At narrow porches and fenced that the “area has been unable tal basis for mayor in a few described by Glinne as follows: Yolo, a merchant sitting in backyards. They lie at the bot­ to attract other industries. towns, including district mayors A few days before the end of front of his store, received a tom o f sha do w y ‘h o llo w s ’ - so Shortage of water is a major For "Hemispheric" Defense? in Leopoldville. In an article in December, the Abako section bullet in the middle of his fore­ deep that the natives say: ‘You drawback. Although three big the Jan. 19 La Gauche (The of Ngiri-Ngiri commune (ad­ head fired by a policeman. Most have to lay on your back to rivers . . . have their source As part of its program of arming its Castro. On Jan. 15, the Cuban leader de­ Left), Belgian socialist weekly, ministrative district set up by of the European civilians were see th e sun rise .’ ” in the region they are scarcely allies against a claimed danger of attack clared that the U.S. government was Ernest Glinne writes that these the Belgians), held a meeting given arms . . . They amused “Last April the Peabody Coal more than mountain torrents in the upper reaches. Some of the by the Soviet Union or China, Washington guilty of sending bombs to help Batista elections “were put through with Kasavubu and Kanza pres­ themselves by firing at any Co. closed its KenVir mine. . . . By October the unemployment larger coal towns along these suddenly, after ten years of ent. Independence was dealt Negro they saw . . . ships millions of dollars worth of m ilitary maintain his bloody rule. “Moreover, the compensation benefits had ex­ rivers . . . crowd the narrow stalling, in order to avoid the with. Sibu, president of the “According to our informa­ equipment to various Latin-American gov- United States 'M ilitary Mission continued pired, union funds were ex­ valleys and leave little extra formation of Congolese parties local section, made vibrant ap­ tion, the provisional count of deaths on Jan. 7 comes to 89, hausted, and most of the town’s space for factory sites.” ernifients. The practice has been difficult to instruct Batista’s soldiers . . . and the . . . According to many reports, peals for unity of the Congo­ and m ore tha n 100 Negroes are families were trying to live on When a nine-year old child to justify since few people seriously be­ Batista regime kept on receiving arms the administration was quite lese of the Lower and Upper wounded — no European dead rations of Federal surplus rice, was asked where she ¿to her lieve that Soviet or Chinese troops are from foreign sources.” pleased with having been able Congo and added: “When we . . . This is quite normal be­ flour, corn meal, cheese and lunch she replied, “Grandma’s.” to split up the advancing co­ shall have achieved indepen­ likely to suddenly descend on countries In response, the State Department cause the whites are armed and powdered m ilk.” Grandma is feeding seven lonial people on the basis of dence we w ill ask our Belgian like Cuba or Chile. had to admit that U.S. arms had been the blacks are not. We live un­ B ig a rt visited the Black grandchildren on a pension of divisions that harken back to brothers to discuss what rela­ used by Batista against the revolutionists, der terrible tension. It should Mountains school where an $64 a m onth. The real reason these arms are sent another epoch. By outlawing a tions should exist between the be noted that the troops from emergency feeding program was The reason given by a fiflh- to Latin America is for defense against a but asserted this was done over U.S. ob­ political struggle of parties two countries.” On Dec. 28, the Karmina [paratroopers] effec­ begun for 100 neediest of the grada teacher for the absence of very real threat that dictatorial govern­ jections. When and where the “objections” based on programs and ideolo­ Congolese National Movement tively ‘operated’ on Tuesday 380 pupils. He found the chil­ a child from school for a month gies, the administration pushed held . an even more successful ments constantly face. This was evident were actually made was not revealed. Nor th e s ix th ...” dren were eating cabbage. was "Poverty." in both the Cuban revolution and the Ar­ was it explained why the powerful United the Africans in the centers back meeting in the town of Kalamu, toward tribal formations in the devoted to the work of the gentine general strike. States couldn’t compel the Cuban dictator hope that the latter would not Accra Conference. »For example, a Jan. 17 New York to respect its wishes. advance ‘modern’ demands.” . Then on Jan. 4, the Kalamu Times dispatch on the Argentine general Apparently realizing that Castro had section of Abako was scheduled NATIONAL DEMANDS Headlines in Other Lands strike offered this description of a police the goods on it, the State Department also to meet. Glinne cites the fol­ attack on a Buenos Aires meat-packing confessed it had sold “eight” napalm Although perforce organized lowing report from a correspon­ on half time. Five hundred tricity 11%. Fifteen per cent on a tribal basis for the ex­ dent in Leopoldville: “. . . those Haiti Dictator plant held by sit-downers: “Before dawn bombs to Batista. These, naturally, were more are expected to be laid was added to the cost of hair­ pression of their aspirations, the in charge of the meeting had today, 900 policemen in trucks, accompan­ for “demonstration purposes.” Promises Freedom off. Three hundred Instanbul cuts. Gasoline, already the most national demands of the Congo­ asked for permission in time, costly in the “free world,” went Were the fearsome napalm bombs textile plants-have reduced pro­ ied by two Sherman 35-ton tanks, sur­ lese broke through. In particu­ but at the last minute, M. Tro- The overthrow of Batista’s duction to 80%. and laid off fro m 75 cents to 79 cents a g a l­ rounded the national meat-packing shipped to Batista for defense against the lar the leaders of Abako (ab­ deur, head mayor, informed dictatorship in Cuba appears to 3,000 workers. Only 700,000 of lon. p lant ...” Soviet Union or China—or for protection breviation for the Association them of his refusal to give have impressed Pres. Francois the country's two million in­ The Algerian clemency de­ them the authorization [ to hold Were Sherman tanks sent to Argen­ of the more than $850,000,000 in U.S. in­ of the Lower Congo) put for­ Duvalier of Haiti. He an­ dustrial workers are covered crees commuted the death sen­ ward a set of demands encom­ the meeting] that they had ask­ tina for defense against aggression from vestments in Cuba? nounced that on Jan. 30 he w ill by unemployment compensa­ tence o f some 140 to 200 rebels passing the entire Congo. The ed for. The members had al­ give up his dictatorial powers. tio n . to life imprisonment. Those sen­ the other side of the globe? Or were they The next time you hear a Republican principal leaders of Abako are ready filled the meeting place. He promised to free political tenced to prison w ill have their sent for the precise purpose for which or Democratic politician blowing off about Joseph Kasavubu and Daniel The leaders, Kasavubu includ­ prisoners and let Clement Ju- Guatemala Regime terms reduced by a tenth or they were used—suppression of the Ar­ the need for shelling out/your tax dollars Kanza, who were arrested by ed, then notified them of the melle, who ran against him for more and about 8,000 interned gentine w o rkin g class? for “hemispheric” defense, ask him if he the Belgians following the Jan. decision. President, come out of hiding. Breaks Rail Strike in camps in Algeria will be 4 demonstrations. Kasavubu, a He said the opposition press freed. They had not been tried As for Cuba, consider the State De­ means defense against Argentine workers COP PROVOKES FIGHT The dictatorial Guatemala re­ district mayor in Leopoldville, was free to resume publication for any crime but simply in­ partment’s reply to charges made by Fidel and Cuban peasants. gime, brought to power by a is president of Abako. “As was to be expected there and that indoor political meet­ carcerated as possibly “danger­ U.S.-engineered coup, borrowed On Oct. 5, the Congolese Na­ were angry protests. Finally ings could again be held. How­ ous.” an American formula to break tional Movement was formed as. everybody calmed down and ever, he explained, Haitian law Messali Hadj, leader of the a strike against United Fruit’s a political organization, thus left the hall for the street. barred outdoor meetings ex­ Algerian Nationalist Movement, Nomination for an Oscar ailway Jan.. 17. Five thousand surmounting the tribal divisions There some Abakists shouted at cept during elections. a rival group to the National workers walked off the job in fostered by the Belgians. Three the top of their lungs ‘Indepen­ The Democratic League of Liberation Front, was released In Hollywood they have a saying: the arts in the Soviet Union when it was a strike declared legal by the representatives of the National dence! Independence!’ A Euro­ Haiti, speaking for exiles in from house arrest on an island “What good is love? It can’t get you censoring them in the United States? courts. The Fuentes government Movement attended the All-Af- pean policeman who was close New York, called on Duvalier off the coast of Brittany. Then the climax: “The Defiant Ones” promptly “militarized” the line, m oney.” rican People’s Conference held by ordered them to shut up. to prove his sincerity by grant­ He w ill be permitted to take compelling the men to return The cynics of Sunset Strip now have was named by the New York Film Critics in Accra, Ghana, Dec. 8-13. One of them replied that they ing a free Presidential election. up residence in metropolitan to work as part of the army. a fresh topic for the cocktail hour — how as the best-written movie of 1958. Later (One of the aims proclaimed by had the right to cry ‘Indepen­ Meanwhile, the U.S. State France, but presumably not in This strike-breaking method the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and it turned out that one of the authors, the Conference is achievement dence’ since the Colonial Chart­ Department admitted Jan. 16 A lg e ria . of a United States of Africa.) er gives to every inhabitant of that a Marine Corps mission is was used against the rail and Sciences returned to the straight and Nathan E. Douglas, came under the Acad­ "Our movement has for its the land the right to publicly being sent to Haiti to help Du­ mine workers by President Revolt Brewing narrow. It’s a story with a sordid opening, emy’s political edict, since in 1953 before fundamental goal the liberation express his opinions. This Abak- valier rebuild his army. Roosevelt during World War II, but it’s got a happy ending. the 'House Un-American Committee he of the Congolese people from ist was immediately hauled into and again by Truman against In Paraguay? In February, 1957, the Academy an­ had invoked the Fifth Amendment under the colonialist regime and its a jeep, then it was the turn of Britain Accepts the ra ilro a d unions in 1946. The Guatemala rail workers A report was received in A r­ nounced that no “Oscars” would be award­ his legal name of Nedrick Young. accession to independence," a second and of a third. Finally, said Patrice Lumumba, presi­ as he was about to be grabbed, demand a 50% wage hike and gentina Jan. 14 that revolt is Came the dawn. The Academy last Suez Nationalization ed for outstanding artistic achievement to dent of the Congolese National a fourth resisted. Hit aiross the fringe benefits. More than 80% brewing in Paraguay against anyone who admitted membership in the week decided that its ban was “unwork­ Movement. "The liberationist face by the policeman, he seized T he British government of the men make less than $100 Pres. Stroessner. The dictator Communist Party and did not publicly able.” From now on it will sin no more. w ind that now blows across all the cop by the neck and threw agreed Jan. 16 to take a cash a month. The company offered ordered the arrest of a general settlement from Egypt for the renounce the party, or who refused to Anyone may get an Oscar on the basis A frica does not leave the Con­ him to the ground. Another po­ an increase of about 95 cents a at the Chacon garrison but he liceman, Answering to the name Suez Canal which British, week to those making less than was released by other officers. answer freely allegations of Communist of artistic merit alone. golese people indifferent . . . of Rothy, intervened and shot French and Israeli forces un­ $100 a month and nothing to On the downfall of Cuban 'As part of the happy ending, “Róbert We are assured of the support activities before a dujy constituted federal of the masses and of success in at the Abakist in question. Then successfully tried to seize by the others.. dictator Batista, it was reported, legislative committee. Rich” came forward to announce that his the efforts that we are under­ the crowd jumped all over the force after it was nationalized more .than 200 officers and sev­ The Academy founc^ itself in the real name is Dalton Trumbo. One of the taking." (Quoted from the Dec. two policemen.” in the sum m e r o f 1956. A n Cost of De Gaulle eral hundred civilians were Egyptian spokesman said the witch-hunt gutter because it had awarded “unfriendly ten” witnesses who refused .20 La Gauche, which printed Fighting spread from the placed under preventive arrest. Lumumba's entire speech to the meeting place all over Leopold­ deal involved $68,000,000. B rit­ Begins to Mount On Jan. 15 Paraguay officials an Oscar to “The Brave One” as the best to cooperate with the House Un-American ish businesmen now want to Accra Conference.) ville as 50,000 unemployed, Gen. de Gaulle made public “vehemently denied” the re­ original story in 1956. The author, “Rob­ Committee, he had spent a year in prison renew trade with Egypt. The Accra parley culminated about half the Negro labor some 250 decrees Jan. 12 boost­ ports. ert Rich,” did not step forward to receive for contempt of Congress, and had been a number of influences that force, joined the fray. ing prices. At the same time, in his prize. The Academy, fearing the worst blacklisted in the movie industry. have spurred the Congolese “Stores owned by Greeks and Sign of Depression a new bid for a cease-fire U.S. Resists — that the author was a “subversive” on To make it a finale up to Hollywood’s freedom aspirations. There is Portugese in the native quarter Appears in Turkey agreement with the Algerian Freeing Samoa the blacklist and that this would hurt the best, we suggest that the Academy award also the fact that the Belgian w e re sacked and lo oted : National Liberation Front, the churches, missions and schools box office — hurriedly announced its edict itself an Oscar for the year’s outstanding Congo’s northern regions are Despite extensive U.S. credits, government issued clemency New Zealand has agreed to inhabited by the same tribal were not spared.” Europeans unemployment is growing for decrees for Algerian prisoners. grant independence to Western return to virtue. We do this despite a sus­ about recognizing only non- or anti-Com- groups that form the popula­ abroad in the city escaped harm the first time in the post-war The price boosts came on the Samoa by mid-1961. This news munist art. picion tha:t like other Hollywood heroes, tion of the autonomous repub­ in many cases through the in­ period in Turkey. This is a heels of a decree that increased caused fresh unrest in United The payoff: In the Soviet Union Boris our Academy has its eyes on the ticket lics formed recently in the tercession of Congolese. source of alarm to Turkish and income taxes from 18% to 22%. States Samoa. The Polynesians French area. Although these The most popular French want independence and free­ Pasternak had to turn down his Nobel booth and that it w ill ride again into sin OPPRESSOR'S VENGEANCE American officials. Prize for “Doctor Zhivago” because it and peril, especially if the scenario calls “republics” are within the Of some ten thousand indus­ cigarette, Gauloise, went from dom to choose their own gov­ French colonial empire and Then the Belgian overlords trial workers in Istanbul cov­ 19 cents to 23 cents. M eat, ernment. But Washington has didn’t measure up to Kremlin standards for a few pithy lines on how much better have not yet gained genuine in­ organized their vengeance. ered by government laws, over which has been rising steadily, stubbornly refused to make any of political purity. How could the Acad­ artists are treated in the USA as com­ dependence, Belgian authorities Glinne’s correspondent writes: 1,000 were laid off at the end went up another 8%, gas was commitment to give up this emy join in the howl over censorship of pared, to the Soviet Union. are nevertheless disturbed over “The police conducted itself in o f 1958 an d a n o th e r 1,000 w e re increased about 12% and elec­ colonial possession. The McCrackin Case t h e MILITANT “It is my earnest prayer that the Gov­ case in the October issue of Liberation. ernment will stop its war preparations He tells why he refused to answer the and honor the consciences of those who charge of the local American Legion that VOLUME XXIII MONDAY, JANUARY 26, 1959 N U M B E R 4 would stop these evils.” Thus spoke Rev. he is a Communist: “I believe that to Maurice F. McCrackin of Cincinnati when recognize such a question and cooperate he was sentenced to six months in prison with it w ill in the end serve only to feed Ford Unionist and a $250 fine on Dec. 13 for refusing to the cancer that is already beginning to Harvester Workers pay income taxes because they would be eat away our precious freedom.” used to produce war weapons. Regarding his case, Rev. M cC rackin Hits Sellout The Rev. McCrackin, Cincinnati pas­ explains that from 1948 to 1954 he paid Adopt New Contract tor and director of Findlay Street Neigh­ 20% to 30% of the required tax which he On Filibuster borhood House, is a pacifist. He has re­ figured would not be used for war pur­ D E T R O IT — H ere is one re ­ fused to pay income taxes for the past ten poses. He had planned to contribute the action (by a union man and years. An Associated Press story (Dec. 13) other 70% to 80% for the causes of broth­ Negro) to the U.S. Senate's re­ By Narrow Margin reports that U.S. District Judge John H. erhood and peace. But “the Department of fusal to make a meaningful change in the rules regarding CHICAGO — The strike of 37,500 International Har­ Internal Revenue forced me to give to Druffel denounced the defendant as a filibusters. It was written by vester workers ended on Jan. 18, when Harvester locals “Communist” when he passed sentence what I believed to be wrong by ordering Robert Battle III, president of of the United Auto Workers voted by a slim margin to the Dearborn Specialty Foundry on him: “Your pious attitude is more or the bank to surrender from my account accept the company’s latest con- unit of U A W Ford Local 600, less of a false face,” declared the judge. the amount it said that I owed.” tract offer and returned to work. and printed in the Jan. 17 Ford Asked by the press what he had to In a letter to the Revenue Officer on The strike lasted nine weeks Facts: N.Y. School say in answer, to published criticisms, Sept. 5, Rev. McCrackin declared: “It is and two days and shut down “This victory by [majority 15 manufacturing plants, seven Judge Druffel said: “There was no sense my feeling that tyranny has already be­ leader Lyndon] Johnson and parts depots and four transfer Integration in sentencing the Rev. Mr. McCrackin gun to show its head when a citizen is his Southern cohorts w ill be, houses in six states. in the words of Senator Jacob without putting a tag on him.” pressed to. give financial support to what The present contract terms FightContinues Javits of New York, ‘a big, fat The pastor, who had to be carried into he contends is the most outrageous sin were first accepted by the un­ albatross around the necks of Six Harlem mothers are court, because he refused to go in of his of our age and the probable destroyer of ion’s chief negotiator, UAW the Democratic Party in I960.’ Workers picket Chicago International Harvester plant still battling to get their vice - president Duane (P at) own volition, wrote an article about his much if not all of our civilization.” We agree wholeheartedly with in 1955 strike, which was first coast-to-coast shutdown of children into integrated Greathouse, then turned down Senator Javits. company. They gained a union shop, 11 cents across the schools in New Yoi^k City. by the Harvester Negotiating “Of the fifteen newly elected board (with certain exceptions) and 16 to 37 cents increase Last month they won a Committee on Jan. 15. Refusing Democratic senators who ran in the South, eliminating differential. Recent nine-week favorable decision from Do­ to be guided by the decision of on ‘liberal’ platforms, eight (or strike won few er concessions. mestic Relations Judge Jus­ Letters from Our Readers th e negotiating committee, more than one-half) deserted tine Polier. She ruled that Greathouse then brought the the liberal forces in their fight labor movement to keep a run­ “If the 86th Congress con­ “Parents have a constitution­ terms to the Harvester Council to change Rule 22 which has ning box score on the 86th Con­ tinues to travel the course it ally guaranteed right to elect The following two letters re­ We object to your depart­ ter and have a larger measure the following day. been the graveyard of all lib­ gress and hold both political has charted during its first four no education for their chil­ fer to a publication entitled ment opening and reading ma­ of political freedom, is there This body of 160 delegates eral legislation in the Senate, parties responsible in 1960. . . . days of operation, they will dren rather than to subject "Democratic German Report— terial addressed to us in order any wonder they do not want supported the Greathouse terms “The Johnson proposal, which “In the 1920’s big business have done the job that labor them to discriminatorily in­ 1958," apparently mailed to the to determine whether it corres­ to be submitted to the Eastern b y th e v e ry close v o te o f 14,891 was adopted by the Senate, is took the attitude of ‘the public leaders have been unable to do ferior education.” Militant from East Germany, ponds to your political views. sector? Nor did the article ex­ to 12,563. (Each delegate vo te d mere window dressing and be dam ned.’ In 1958 the D e m o­ — sell the American workers However, the New York now being held by the Post Of­ We object to the use of a polit­ plain Adenauer’s victory over his per capita membership.) fice Department: ical criterion of any kind in the Social Democrats. maintains the status quo. . . cratic Senate is voicing the same on the need for a bona fide City Board of Education deciding on delivery of mail for T.F. "It would be well for the sentiments. Labor Party.” VOICE CHARGES voted 4-1 on Jan. 13 to ap­ To the Editor which postage has been paid. Stanford OF 'SELL-OUT' peal the decision. The Rev. And we object to your inquir­ Gardner C. Taylor, lone dis­ D ear Sir: ing whether we have “ordered, In this council meeting, a senting voice on the Board, This letter is to advise you When Meany Said subscribed to, or desire” the sharp fight broke out that was has started a fund to help that the Postal Service has re­ publications held in your cen­ He Was a "Socialist" reported in the daily press. Rep­ the parents in the forthcom­ ceived foreign mail addressed Wall Street's Sèx Life resentatives of Local 6, Melrose ing court battle. sorship department. to- you consisting of certain In accordance with the Amer­ Editor: Park (111.), were reported as publications which contain for­ Several weeks ago a civic-re­ porations bring American prostitute that I have provided. ican tradition of free thought I noticed that in reporting on charging that “the UAW heads ternational Harvester won ils eign political propaganda as de­ ligious foundation meeting in know-how to bear in advertis­ “In the second place,” he and a free press, we expect the New York State AFL-CIO sold us, out.” “They settled the demand to freeze night prem­ fined by the Foreign Agents Washington issued an urgent ing the quality of the enter­ added, “in most cases the buy­ prompt delivery of every piece merger convention held last strike on order from Detroit, Registration Act (22 U.S. Code plea for "evangelists" to spread tainment. One entrepreneur ers are married, with families. ium pay. The union's standard of mail addressed to us wher­ December, the M ilitant missed which wanted a quick settle­ 611-621). the word about "the great proudly said: “There’s a very It sort of gives me a slight is that such pay must be 10%' ever it may have come from a very interesting part of ment,” and they were guilty of Such matter ordinarily would moral foundations of capital­ famous madam in New York edge; well, we will not call it of the wage rate. That is how and whatever its political char­ Meany’s speech. After outlining “mishandling” the negotiations be treated as nonmailable. How­ ism." T he ir prayer for such who takes care of your multi exactly blackmail, but it is a it was calculated in the last acter may be. the AFL-CIO legislative pro­ by demanding that the farm- ever, such matter lawfully may an evangelist wes more than millionaires only. She is a fa­ subconscious edge over the Harvester contract. But in the The Editor gram on wages, schools, housing equipment contracts be limited be passed through the mails met when Edward E. Murrow mous, famous name in New b u y e r.” new pact, the premium will not THE MILITANT and education, Meany said: by the pattern established in and delivered to the addressee rise with wage increases but “All this we are told is sup­ narrated a program — "Tha York. She puts out a book What about the illegality of auto. when it has been ordered, sub­ will remain at the dollar-and- posedly socialistic. Every single Business of Sex" — over the every year of pictures of the this kind of “entertainment”? Dissatisfaction with the con­ scribed to, or is desired, and is On Germany cents figure it was under the achievement in the past 75 CBS radio network Jan. 19. girls she has working for her This has been carefully con­ tract was also very much in not for dissemination. It is pos­ old contract — or at less than Editor: years for bettering the life of Bolstered by a panel of ex­ and sends this book to her sidered, too. New York Cor­ evidence in the locals. The Jan. sible that you did not order this 10% of the new wage rates. I was thoroughly confused by the worker and the community perts, Murrow told how top very, very exclusive clients. rections Commissioner Anna 19 Wall Street Journal reports material and that your name is Harry Ring’s article in the M il­ has been opposed as socialistic American corporations have . . . There’s no guess work Kross explained that call girls that "The final tally favoring on a mailing list over which itant about the current German by the NAM and those who re­ made prostitution an important, here. And she deals with the such as these arc seldom a r­ adoption of the pact was close you have no control. Therefore, crisis. It was written before the fuse to learn and prefer to live even essential, part of their largest corporations in the U.S.” rested and rarely convicted enough that the switch of one in order to determine whether Inadequate Pay West Berliners voted to reject in the past. It’s all right to use business operations. Even here, where it might since they “have high-priced large local would have reversed the publications listed on the the Russian proposal of with­ public money for the rights-of- Thousands of call girls have seem least needed, capitalist ef­ lawyers because they’re a busi­ the results. One union official enclosed card may be passed drawal of all troops. But al­ way for railroads or subsidies been included in the “enter-, ficiency, so w.ell known on the ness product, that somebody is said a switch of the Springfield Stirs Teachers through the mails and deliver­ though that in itself would to airlines through post office tainment” that swings large, belt line,., is evident. “They making money| on them.” Harvester local with 2,300 votes ed to you please return the seem to contradict what the ar­ grants. It’s okay to help the cot­ lucrative business, deals. Some usually have a number of The Commissioner said noth­ carried the contract." card. ticle implied about the popular­ ton farmers with subsides. of the girls have attained status rooms or suites in a hotel or ing about the difficulty of ar­ In Chicago If the enclosed card is not There is much ' confusion ity of planned economy in Ger­ That’s not socialistic. But when as salaried members of public- hotels and they usually have resting and convicting Ameri­ received within 15 days, the among the workers about how By Carol Wayne many there were many things you try to give a pint of milk one or two girls in one suite,” ca’s top business executives for publications listed thereon w ill relations departments and some the most widespread grievance which everyone is thinking a day to a kid who needs nutri­ one of the girls explained. “... their role. She held that every­ CHICAGO, Jan. 19 — The be disposed of as nonmailable madams can now submit month­ — wage inequities — was settl­ about left untreated in the ar­ tion—that’s socialistic. Well, if and if there are maybe five or body is involved. It’s “a mani­ Chicago Teachers Union, staged under the law. ly statements. ed. The UAW staff men claim ticle . that’s socialistic, for my part six men in that suite, then they festation of what’s wrong with a mass demonstration in front POSTMASTER The details of the actual ar­ that past union action and the I’m going right on being a so­ just take turns and when that’s our society today.” She de­ of the Board of Education in I wish there was another ar­ rangements vary, Murrow ex­ present union contract have ticle about Germany including c ia lis t.” finished with if there’s anybody clared: “The ethic upon which the Loop last Tuesday to pro­ To the Postmaster plained, “from industry to in­ eliminated 90% of the 4,000 pay- the relative standard of living This quotation was in the re­ else they know in other suites we work is: anything goes so test the inadequacy of pay dustry, from company to com­ cuts and downgrades the union D ear Sir: of the workers in the East and port on the convention in Elec­ or rooms, then you go into an­ long as you’re not caught.” raises proposed for 1959. pany, from one level of society suffered in 1952. B u t m en in In returning the card you the West. The East may prefer trical Union World, publication other suite or room and this One commentary that should The highest increase for a to another. In some cases, top the shops and in the skilled sent us, we respectfully request planned economy but the West o f Lo cal 3, IB E W . may go on or continue till five have been included in M urrow’s teacher is about $150 a year, executives are involved — giv­ trades here report that less than that you stop censoring our has so far prefered its standard D . H. or.six in the morning and then program was unfortunately left while administrators w^e r e ing instructions as to the type 1.000 o f th e cuts have been re ­ m a il. of living. And if they'live bet­ New York City the girl goes home. You’d be o u t: g ra n te d as m uch as a p p ro x i­ and extent of entertainment stored. pretty tired by six o’clock, be­ “. . . nothing is more ridicu­ m a te ly $600. their company w ill provide.” At a meeting of the Chicago lie v e m e.” lous than the virtuous indigna­ About 5,000 teachers marched One corporation vice presi­ Tractor Local, DeWit Gilpin, A wary eye is kept on the tion of our bourgeois at the four abreast some seven blocks dent explained the virtues of an international representative, tastes and needs of those being community of women which, in the Loop. They carried this kind of entertainment tried to justify the settlement entertained. A “broker” — the they pretend, is to be openly American flags and placards, in establishing “togetherness.” as a v ic to ry on th e grounds th a t new, more acceptable, name big and officially established by some of which stated: “When you have reached this a new classification book was to business uses for this particular the Communists. The Commu­ “First Rate Education De­ AGAINST WESTERNS — Walter Reuther, Supreme Court had twice confirmed the death point with a person that you ta ke th e place o f th e 1952 m ands Adequate Salaries.” president of the United Auto Workers union sentence while the U.S. Supreme Court had sleep together in effect, and profession — told this story nists have no need to introduce “bench marks.” But none of the “Well Paid Teachers Needed As said in a speech Jan. 7, “I’m frightened that twice denied Goldsby a review. have girls together, you couldn’t about a party he arranged for community of women; it has workers seem to know what Badly As Well Paid Adminis­ if we get a four-day week, it w ill only mean ¥ * * get any closer to them person­ some out-of-town buyers: existed almost from time im­ these new classifications would trators.” “Board of Education another day of watching westerns on tele­ EXPENSIVE CAMPAIGN— The committee a lly .” “When they arrived it was m e m o ria l. mean in terms of wage rates. Neglects Teachers.” “Shortage v is io n .” that campaigned for a “right to work” law in One girl on the program tes­ summertime. And this one man “Our bourgeois, not content of Teachers is Due to Inade­ • * ■ Ohio listed its receipts as $73,000 in contribu­ tified to the way big business was quite -elderly you know, with having the wives and NO ASSURANCE qu ate Salaries.” “ S m a lle r URGE REDUCED FARES FOR AGED— tions and $654,000 in loans. Principal source utilizes the most intimate of and I was afraid he’d die on daughters of theirt proletarians At the Tractor meeting here Classes, Please.” Retired members of District 65, Retail, Whole­ of the funds was the Ohio Chamber of Com­ human relationships in the me; the heat was terrific. So I at their disposal, not to speak (2,000 UAW members packed John Fewkes, president of the sale and Department Store Workers union fn merce and the Ohio Manufacturers Association. ceaseless drive for profits: “I got an. air-conditioning unit for of common prostitutes, take the the Plumbers’ hall to attend it) union stated: “We have other New York have asked City Council President * # * have been present during busi­ him and I got this tremendous greatest pleasure in seducing one worker from the No. 37 things stored away, the inge­ Abe Stark to reduce transit fares for senior NEW FACE FOR ELEPHANT?—A “ se­ ness conferences which are con­ living room.” each other’s wives. Bourgeois Assembly line asked President nuity of the teachers is bound­ citizens during non-rush hours. They point to cret” memo has been^laid on Eisenhower’s ducted at the end of the eve­ GETS THE ORDERS marriage is in reality a sys­ Neputy what assurance he could less.” the Detroit precedent where such a plan was desk, the Jan. 14 W all Street Journal revealed, ning. After quite a bit of liquor Does it pay off? Murrow in­ tem of wives in common and give against speed-up. “W ill we Benjamin C. Willis, Superin­ put into effect several years ago at the initia­ calling for an intensive campaign to change has been consumed, and in this troduced a man he described as thus, at the most, what the go back only to go out again, tendent of schools made no tive of the UAW. the public image of the GOP as the party of case the fee is $100, I w ill first the president of a large inter­ Communists might possibly be * • • like at Chrysler?” Neputy ans­ com m ent. big business. The memo deplores the mistake be invited out to dinner. . . . national company. This business reproached with is that they wered, “If the Company hurts JAILED FOR SERMON— The Rev. Calvin of .pushing “right to work” law’s in the 1958 I will go back to the hotel executive explained that there desire to introduce, in substitu­ The Chicago Teachers Union you workers on the line with a has a membership of 10,776 W. Wood, pastor of Peace Baptist Church in elections. This resulted in a “double-barreled with the man and usually w'ill is “absolutely no doubt that tion for a hypocritically con­ speed-up, show them that they among Chicago’s 17,000 teach­ Birmingham, Ala., was given a six-months jail onslaught” by labor with “one barrel aimed spend till two o’clock in the p ro s titu tio n p e r se does he lp cealed, an openly legalised are hurting you by stopping ers. sentence and a $500 fine for preaching against on right-to-work and the other on Republican morning with him. He will business.” community of women. For the your work.” But Neputy could The Chicago Division of the segregation. Released on $1,000 bond, the Rev. candidates. In both instances, the aim was often. give verbal agreement “This is the fastest way that rest, it is self-evident, that the give no assurance that the new Illinois Education Asociation Wood said, “I counseled my people against remarkably good.” subject to confirmation the next I know of,” ‘he explained, “to abolition of the present system * * ¥ contract would help any more segregation and I still do. If we can wash the morning. This is done before have an intimate relationship of production must bring with disavowed the demonstration dirty clothes of white persons and tend their G O L F CA SE — The Supreme Court has I have gone to bed with him. established with a buyer. It’s it the abolition of the com­ than the previous one in this but agreed “that the teachers respect. children, we can also ride buses. To be first- agreed to review a case involving six Negro They believe this is a psycho­ an experience that’s been shar­ munity of women springing are receiving regrettably low Another worker speaking for class citizens, we must do first-class things.” golfers of Greensboro, N.C. They were sen­ logical moment when a person ed, whether it’s together or riot from that system, i.e., of pros­ salaries and the proposed in­ ¥ * ¥ the Cutters and Linemen said tenced to 15 days in jail for “trespassing” when is in a very anxious mood.” makes no difference. The point titution both public and pri­ creases fo r 1959 are d is a p p o in t­ that “now, before w-e ratify, not in g . . .” "DESERVES SOME SYMPATHY"— M rs. they sought to play on the city’s golf course A n d , as is the w a y in a b ig - is, that I know that the buyer v a te .” after we go back,” is the time Ruth Baxter, 27, of Brooklyn, lost her relief after it had been leased. At stake is the prac­ time operation, the giant cor­ has spent the night with, a Karl Marx said that in the The Association also admitted check of $54.15. The Welfare Department re­ tice of turning public property over to private Communist Manifesto 111 years to negotiate the wage inequity. that “Chicago is operating fused to give her another one, although she interests to avoid integration. ago. Another skilled-trades spokes­ schools with one of the lowest had five small children to feed. She forged a * * * man won applause from the percentages of aid from the relief check for $55 and cashed it. In court SAME GHOST— Robert L. McManus, chief meeting when he emphasized state of any city in the nation. Judge Leibowitz urged the prosecution to speech writer for former Gov. Harriman, a Local Directory that the October termination The State of Illinois must do grant leniency; but Assistant District Attorney Democrat, has been hired by New York’s new day in the new contract gives more to carry its share of the Nathan R. Shor refused. After wrestling with Gov. Rockefeller, a Republican. The job is said BOSTON nepin Ave., 2nd floor. Open noon to too much to the Company be­ cost of schools. Otherwise, edu­ Boston Labor Forum, 295 Hunting­ 6 P.M. daily except Sundays. his conscience for a day, however, Schor to pay about $15,000 a year. It is not expected cause then the season is over cation* programs, children and ton Ave., Room 200. NEWARK agreed to drop the charges. The judge’s action that any boners w ill appear in the speeches Every Sunday night, round table dis­ Newark Labor Forum, Box 361 and they can best stand a strike. teachers w ill all suffer.” was an “honest one,” Schor admitted. “In my Rockefeller reads, such as inadvertently say­ cussion, 8 P.M. Room 200. Newark, N. J. The new contract provides for Frowning on the teachers’ NEW YORK CITY opinion this woman deserves some sympathy.” ing “Democratic” instead of “Republican.” BUFFALO a pay raise of six cents an hour demonstration, the Association Militant Labor Forum, 116 Univer­ The Welfare Department, of course, was not Demo-GOP ghost-writers are especially careful Militant Forum, 831 Main St. or 2M>%, whichever is greater, called for protests to the legis­ sity Place, AL 5-7852. even reprimanded. about such hazards of their occupation. CHICAGO CLEVELAND in each of the next three years. lature and governor. But the * * * * * * OAKLAND - BERKELEY Socialist Workers Party, 777 W. Dr. Annette T. Rubinstein P.O. Box 341, Berkeley 1, Calif. This is what the company offer­ legislature and governor have Adams, DE 2-9736. ENTITLED TO COMPENSATION— W o rk ­ WHICH FLAG?— According to Labor Re­ PHILADELPHIA speaks on “The Negro in Amer­ ed before the strike. The com­ given no indication that they ers unemployed as a result of a strike in ports, at a meeting in Houston addressed by CLEVELAND Militant Labor Forum and Socialist ican Literature,” Thursday, Jan. pany also won two of its 76 intend to do much about Chi-, other plants are entitled to unemployment Gov. Faubus of Arkansas, small Confederate Socialist Workers Party 10609 Su­ Workers Party, 1303 W. Girard Ave. 29; 8:15 p.m., at the Cedar demands to impair the old con­ cago’s overcrowded, segregated, perior Ave., Room 301, SW 1-1818. compensation, the Michigan Suprême Court flags were distributed. When the audience was Lectures and discussions every Satur­ B ran ch, Y M C A , 7615 • C edar tract.. fire-trap schools. Open Friday nights 7 to 9. ruled Jan. 12. The news, which meant checks asked to stand and give the pledge of allegi­ day, 8 p.m., followed by open house. Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Heralded as a big gain for The teachers made clear that DETROIT Call SA 7-2166. for 11,000 workers in the test case, was hailed ance to the flag, one man asked, “Which flag?” • the union by Bob Johnson, UAW Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 Wood­ ' SAN FRANCISCO they are no longer satisfied by the UAW as a “substantial victory.” * + * w ard . The Militant, 1145 Polk St., Rm. 4. N E W Y O R K regional director, is four weeks’ with promises; they want re­ * * ¥ LOCAL ACQUITS RARICK— D o na ld C. LOS ANGELES Sat. 11 A.M. to 3 P.M. Phone PR 6- Daniel Roberts, editor of the vacation pay annually for em­ sults. WINS RETRIAL— Robert Lee Goldsby, a Rarick, a leading opponent of the McDonald Forum Hall and Modern Book Shop, 7296; if no answer, VA 4-2321. Militant, speaks on “The Road ployes with 25 years’ seniority. 1702 E. 4th St. AN 9-4953 or AN 3- Negro sentenced to death in Mississippi for the machine in the United Steel Workers was re­ SEATTLE to Socialism in the U.S. and the 1533. Book Shop open Mon. 7-9 P.M.; It is estimated that about 7,000 DOLLARS FOR FRANCO alleged murder of a white woman was granted cently acquitted by his own local of charges 655 Main St., MU 2-7139. Library, Wed. 8-10 P.M.; Sat. 12-5 P.M. U S S R .” F rid a y , Jan. 30, 8:30 workers are in that category. The U.S. Sixth Fleet has bookstore. Classes every Friday eve­ a retrial by the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals of setting up a rival union organization. The p.m. Auspices Militant Labor MILWAUKEE ning at 8 P.M. Open House following One delegate to the Harvester opened an ammunition and in New Orleans. The court said that the retrial charges must now be reviewed by the union’s 150 East Juneau Ave. at 10:30 P.M. Forum, 116 University Place Council pointed out, however, fuel storage 'depot at Carta­ must be by a jury from which Negroes are international board of which McDonald is a MINNEAPOLIS S T . L O U IS (near Union Square). Contribu­ that this gain costs the company gena, Spain. The tab was $10,- not systematically excluded. The Mississippi m em ber. Socialist Worker# Party, 322 H«*n- tor Information «bone MO 4*7194 tio n 50 cents. almost nothing. In exchange, In- 000,000.