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© Entomologica Fennica. 10 July 2019

Moths and () of the continental part of the ,

Mikhail V. Kozlov, Jaakko Kullberg & Vitali Zverev

Kozlov, M. V., Kullberg, J. & Zverev, V. 2019: and butterflies (Lepidop- tera) of the continental part of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. — Ento- mol. Fennica 30: 72–89. https://doi.org/10.33338/ef.82923 Until very recently, Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO), located in the north- eastern part of European Russia, was the least studied region of Russia in terms of its fauna. Intensive sampling in the surroundings of Naryan-Mar, combined with critical revision of earlier publications and evaluation of museum collec- tions, resulted in the discovery of a relatively rich fauna of Lepidoptera. The first regional checklist of moths and butterflies of the continental part of NAO in- cludes 324 species (169 species of microlepidoptera and 155 species of macrolepidoptera), 178 of which are reported from NAO for the first time. We es- timate that 40 to 180 species remain to be found in the study region. The recorded species mostly belong to residents of northern boreal forests and bogs. The fauna of moths and butterflies of NAO clearly differs from the fauna of Fennoscandia, due to the relatively higher proportion of East Palaearctic and Beringian species. M. V. Kozlov & V. Zverev, Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, ; E-mails: [email protected] & [email protected] J. Kullberg, Harmaahaikarankuja 3 i 9, FI-00940 Helsinki, Finland; E-mail: [email protected] Received 16 September 2018, accepted 11 October 2018

1. Introduction a risk that a large part of the Earth’s biodiversity will become extinct before it is described (Hanski Historically, collecting has been a wide- et al. 1995). Similarly, the distribution of organ- spread endeavour, and it became a very popular isms is currently undergoing modifications at an educational hobby in the Victorian age. However, increasing rate due to both globalisation and envi- the rapid development of molecular research ronmental change, and especially climate warm- techniques has made the entomologist, who hunts ing (Parmesan et al. 1999, Hill et al. 2002, Early in the wild to learn their distribution and et al. 2016). Consequently, we are in danger of biology, not only comical but also old-fashioned. facing irreversible losses of as yet undocumented Unfortunately, this opinion is shared not only by distribution patterns of organisms — patterns, the general public, but also by decision-makers, which were formed during the millennia before who steadily and permanently decrease the fund- humans started to dominate the Earth. This espe- ing of natural history museums. cially concerns the Polar regions, where climatic At the same time, the importance of biodiver- change appears disproportionately rapid (Walther sity for ecosystem functions and, consequently, et al. 2002, Doney et al. 2012, Zvereva et al. for mankind, is not questioned. However, there is 2016). ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30 • Lepidoptera of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug 73

Fig. 1. Sampling localities in the continental part of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug: 1, Amderma; 2, Bolvanskaya Guba; 3, Bugryanitsa; 4, Chernaya; 5, Chizha; 6, Golodnaya Guba; 7, Gorby; 8, Jangech-Mylk; 9, Kabanova; 10, Kambalnitsa; 11, Kaninskij Kamen’; 12, Kara; 13, Kharyaginskij; 14, Khubtape; 15, Kolokolkova; 16, Koro- vinskaya; 17, Krynka; 18, Kuja; 19, Kuznetskaya; 20, Lovetskij; 21, Madakha; 22, Malaya Padeya; 23, Mikulkin; 24, More-Yu; 25, Naryan-Mar; 26, Nenetskaya Gryada; 27, Nes’; 28, Padimey; 29, Pakhancheskaya Guba; 30, site 2; 31, Pechora site 3; 32, Pechora site 4; 33, Pechora site 7; 34, Seida; 35, Sengeiskij; 36, Shap- kina, middle flow; 37, Shapkina, upper flow; 38, Shoina; 39, Sibirchatayaha; 40, Svetlaya; 41, Syatorei; 42, Tosh- viska; 43, Ust-Kara; 44, Varandey; 45, Velikovisochnoye; 46, Vesniyu. For the position of the Nenets Autonmous OkruginRussia,seeFig.3b.

Arctic habitats have always fascinated ento- cludes only three breeding moth species (Coulson mologists, although only few of these researchers 2007), and only four species of Lepidoptera were were ready to spend several months in hostile and found on in the Severnaya mosquito-infested tundra environments to collect Zemlya Archipelago (Makarova et al. 2013). a few dozen moths and butterflies (Kullberg et al. However, the continental part of NAO lies at 2013). Therefore, the faunistic data on Lepidop- about the same latitudes as the Kola Peninsula, tera from the are generally scarce. Never- which houses at least 813 species of Lepidoptera theless, a surprising observation is that the least (Kozlov & Kullberg 2010). We therefore hypoth- studied (in terms of moth and fauna) re- esised that the low number of species recorded gion of Russia lies in , rather than in re- from NAO reflects an insufficient collecting ef- mote parts of Siberia: only 108 species have been fort rather than a faunistic poverty in this region. reported in the Catalogue of Russian Lepidoptera We tested this hypothesis by conducting insect from the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO here- collection in the surroundings of Naryan-Mar. after) and the archipelago (Sinev We also revised the historical records (in particu- 2008), a region of 267,350 km2. lar, those by Poppius 1906) and accounted for Of course, the diversity of Lepidoptera is ex- faunistic information on Lepidoptera published tremely low in Polar regions: the fauna of the rel- during the past decades. Most of this published atively well-known Svalbard Archipelago in- material has been written in Russian, which has 74 Kozlov et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30

Fig. 2. Habitats in surroundings of Naryan-Mar. – a. Erect dwarf-shrub wet tundra in front of forest. – b. Low-shrub dry tundra at the border of woodland. – c. Low-shrub tundra and sedge wetland. – d. Mixture of habitat patches at the outskirts of Naryan-Mar. – e. Mixed forest formed by spruce, larch and birch. – f. Meadow along a riverbank. restricted its availability to the international sci- doptera of the Russian Arctic islands located in entific community. This published information the will soon be published (Kullberg (Ross 2000, Tatarinov & Kulakova 2005, 2010, et al. 2019). We report our main results in a form 2013, Bolotov 2012, Vlasova et al. 2014, Tatari- of a checklist that includes all species recorded nov 2016) concerns butterflies and larger moths from NAO and all localities from which each spe- primarily, whereas records of so-called “micro- cies has been collected. We believe that, despite lepidoptera” has remained scarce (but see Kull- its incompleteness, this list may prove useful for berg et al. 2013). ecological and biographical research and will fa- In this paper, we summarise the recent knowl- cilitate further studies of Lepidoptera in Polar re- edge of the moths and butterflies of the continen- gions by elucidating taxonomic and geographic tal part of NAO. Acomplementary study of Lepi- gaps in the present knowledge. ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30 • Lepidoptera of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug 75

2. Materials and methods (B. pubescens) woodland on sandy soils, some- times with larch (Larix sibirica), with spots of li- 2.1. Study region chens scattered among sparse field layer vegeta- tion consisting of Empetrum hermaphroditum, The continental part of NAO (Fig. 1) covers ap- Arenaria sp., Tanacetum bipinnatum, Allium proximately 170,000 km2 (slightly more than the schoenoprasum var. sibiricum and Campanula Baltic States: Lithuania, and to- sp. (Fig. 2b); (5) forest islands formed by Norway gether), but has a human population of only spruce (), larch and downy birch, with 42,000. One half of its inhabitants live in the town a dense understory consisting of Juniperus sibiri- of Naryan-Mar, the only settlement in NAO ca, Lonicera pallasii, Rosa sp., Ribes rubrum and which has scheduled flight connections with diverse herbaceous vegetation, including Cha- Moscow and St. Petersburg. NAO is located in menerion angustifolium, Veratrum lobelianum, three vegetation zones: tundra (77% of the terri- , Geranium sylvaticum, Trol- tory), forest-tundra (15%) and northern taiga fo- lius europaea, arcticus, Thalictrum minus, rests (8%). The average air temperatures in NAO Aquilegia sp., Trifolium pratense, Tanacetum bi- range from –17 to –19 °C in December and from 7 pinnatum, Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricum, to 10 °C in July. The larger part of NAO belongs Clematis sibirica, V. uliginosum, V. vitis-idaea, to the border security zone, so visiting these re- Polygonum viviparum, boreale, Equise- stricted areas requires a special permit. tum arvense, Valeriana sp. and Linnaea borealis (Fig. 2a, e); and (6) relatively narrow, 10–50 m wide, meadows that extended along riverbanks 2.2. Collecting and were covered primarily by C. angustifolium, V. lobelianum, T. vulgaris, P. viviparum, Achillea Our study is primarily based on the material col- millefolium, , sp., lected around Naryan-Mar on 2–12 July 2013 by Alchemilla sp. and Galium boreale (Fig. 2f). M.V.K. and V.Z.and on 3 July–1 August 2015 by The insects were collected by netting; the total A. Stekolstchikov. Occasional sampling was also collecting time by M.V.K. and V.Z. was ca. 140 performed in Toshviska, Velikovisochnoe and person-hours and by A. Stekolstchikov ca. 80 Lovetskij by T. Dyaditsyna (in 2014–2016) and person-hours. We attempted light trapping in in Bolvanskaja Guba and Pakhancheskaya Guba Naryan-Mar, but did not capture even a single by O. Makarova (18–28 July 2015). In combina- moth during a three–night session. We also re- tion with the published data, this yielded a total of corded easily identifiable species based on visual 46 collecting localities (Fig. 1, Table 1). observations, collected leaf mines and reared In the surroundings of Naryan-Mar (67°38’ moths from field-collected larvae. The pinned N, 53°00’ E), which is located on the bank of the specimens are mostly deposited in the Zoological Pechora River, we collected moths and butterflies Museum, University of Helsinki, Finland in the following habitats: (1) erect dwarf-shrub (MZH); about one half of the samples collected in tundra with a dense cover of (up to 2013 was donated to the Natural History Museum 80 cm tall) and several species of , inclu- (London). The leaves with insect mines are ding Salix lanata (Fig. 2a); (2) low-shrub tundra deposited in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, with a sparse cover of B. nana (20–30 cm tall), Leiden, the (RMNH). dwarf shrubs ( uliginosum, V.vitis-ida- ea, Arctous alpina) and lichens ( spp.) (Fig. 2b); (3) sedge wetlands, which included 2.3. Revision of earlier records swampy areas covered by Sphagnum mosses, sedges (Eriophorum angustifolium, E. vagina- The specimens collected by Poppius (1906) in tum, paupercula)andComarum palustre, NAO are deposited in the MZH; among them, we with small spots of open water, and drier areas co- examined all specimens, which, in our opinion, vered by , Rubus chamae- may have been misidentified. We checked the morus and B. nana (Fig. 2c, d); (4) downy birch collections of the Zoological Institute in St. Pe- 76 Kozlov et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30

Table 1. List of sampling localities in the continental part of the Nenets Autonmous Okrug1.

Locality name and type Lati- Longi- No of Data sources tude, N tude, E species2

Amderma (village) 69°45’ 61°40’ 0/35 Kullberg et al. (2013), Vlasova et al. (2014), Tatarinov (2016) Bolvanskaya Guba (bay) 68°05’ 54°47’ 1/0 O. Makarova leg. (2015) Bugryanitsa (river) 68°14’ 44°14’ 0/4 Poppius (1906) Chernaya (river) 68°35’ 56°35’ 0/16 Tatarinov (2016) Chizha (river) 67°05’ 44°22’ 0/1 Poppius (1906) Golodnaya Guba (bay) 67°56’ 52°46’ 0/58 Tatarinov & Kulakova (2013), Tatarinov (2016) Gorby (village) 67°07’ 44°30’ 0/1 Poppius (1906) Jangech-Mylk (village) 67°22’ 55°52’ 0/27 Tatarinov & Dolgin (1999), Tatarinov & Kulakova (2005), Tatarinov (2016) Kabanova (lake) 66°18’ 45°22’ 0/2 Tatarinov (2016) Kambalnitsa (river) 68°02’ 44°26’ 1/6 Poppius (1906), ZISP collection Kanin (peninsula) – – 2/2 Hacker et al. (2002), MZH collection Kaninskij Kamen’ (mountains) 68°14’ 44°51’ 0/11 Tatarinov (2016) Kara (river) 68°37’ 65°13’ 0/28 Tatarinov (2006a,b), Morgun (2017) Kharyaginskij (village) 67°09’ 56°43’ 0/30 Tatarinov & Dolgin (1999), Tatarinov & Kulakova (2005), Tatarinov (2016) Khubtape (mount) 69°12’ 62°47’ 0/1 Tatarinov (2006b) Kolokolkova Guba (bay) 68°18’ 52°32’ 0/3 Tatarinov (2016) Korovinskaya Guba (bay) 68°23’ 53°27’ 0/11 Tatarinov (2016) Krynka (river) 68°32’ 44°15’ 0/12 Poppius (1906) Kuja (river) 67°38’ 53°17’ 85/0 M.V.K. & V.Z. leg. (2013) Kuznetskaya Guba (bay) 68°51’ 53°34’ 0/4 Tatarinov (2016) Lovetskij (island) 68°20’ 53°55’ 2/0 T. Dyaditsyna leg. (2016) Madakha (beacon) 68°33’ 44°45’ 0/6 Poppius (1906) Malaya Padeya (mountains) 69°04’ 62°09’ 0/16 Tatarinov & Gorbunov (2014), Bolotov et al. (2015), Tatarinov (2016) Mikulkin (cape) 67°49’ 46°38’ 0/8 Poppius (1906) More-Yu (river) 68°19’ 59°41’ 0/3 Tatarinov (2016) Naryan-Mar (town) 67°38’ 53°00’ 215/18 M.V.K., V.Z. & A. Stekolstchikov leg. (2013, 2015), Tatarinov et al. (2003), Tatarinov & Kulakova (2005), Tatarinov (2016) Nenetskaya Gryada (mountains) 68°22’ 53°06’ 0/36 Tatarinov (2016) Nes’ (village) 66°35’ 44°41’ 0/33 Bolotov (2012), Tatarinov (2016) Padimey (lakes) 67°35’ 62°10’ 0/27 Tatarinov & Kulakova (2010), Tatarinov (2016) Pakhancheskaya Guba (bay) 68°29’ 57°13’ 3/0 O. Makarova leg. (2015) Pechora site 2 (landmark) 68°20’ 53°05’ 0/1 Ross (2000) Pechora site 3 (landmark) 68°29’ 53°54’ 0/2 Ross (2000) Pechora site 4 (landmark) 67°42’ 53°07’ 0/1 Ross (2000) Pechora site 7 (landmark) 67°48’ 54°01’ 0/1 Ross (2000) Seida (river) 67°24’ 62°51’ 0/54 Tatarinov (2016) Sengeiskij (strait) 68°21’ 51°22’ 0/2 Tatarinov (2016) Shapkina (river), middle flow 67°14’ 54°39’ 0/40 Tatarinov & Kulakova (2005), Tatarinov (2006c, 2016) Shapkina (river), upper flow 67°32’ 54°56’ 3/37 Tatarinov & Kulakova (2005), Tatarinov (2016) Shoina (river) 67°51’ 44°10’ 0/11 Bolotov (2012), Tatarinov (2016) Sibirchatayaha (river) 68°44’ 63°44’ 0/28 Tatarinov (2016) Svetlaya (river) 67°18’ 49°26’ 0/5 Tatarinov (2016) Syatorei (lake) 67°28’ 44°40’ 0/11 Tatarinov (2016) Toshviska (village) 67°07’ 52°18’ 49/0 T. Dyaditsyna leg. (2016) Ust-Kara (village) 69°15’ 64°55’ 0/2 Tatarinov (2016) Varandey (village) 68°49’ 58°04’ 0/5 Tatarinov (2016) Velikovisochnoye (village) 67°15’ 52°02’ 4/3 T. Dyaditsyna leg. (2014–2016), Tatarinov (2016) Vesniyu (river) 67°39’ 54°43’ 0/24 Tatarinov (2016)

1) Coordinates of some localities may have low accuracy (up to 50 km) due to insufficient details provided in the original publica- tions. This especially concerns localities associated with rivers and mountain ridges. 2) Before the slash: based on data that have not been published earlier; after the slash: based on published records. ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30 • Lepidoptera of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug 77 tersburg (ZISP) for specimens of all 108 species 3. Results reported (Sinev 2008) from the biogeographical region that includes NAO. We also sought speci- 3.1. List of Lepidoptera species mens from NAO in the so-called “Arctic collec- tion” created by N. Y. Kusnezov in the 1930s and Eriocraniidae in accession materials deposited in ZISP. Finally, * Eriocrania sp. Naryan-Mar. Larvae mining we carefully searched for published data on Lepi- leaves of B. pubescens and Alnus alnobetula doptera from NAO and examined all published ssp. fruticosa. Barcoding (BOLD sequence records for the reliability of identifications. We pages: LRMNH067-17 and LRMNH068-17) contacted the authors of the Catalogue of Lepi- surprisingly demonstrated that they belong to doptera of Russia (Sinev 2008) for clarification of an undescribed species, which is close to E. those records for which we were unable to locate sakhalinella Kozlov, described from any supporting information. Note that, for the Island in Russia and later found in . sake of brevity, we always refer to the entire cata- logue, although the primary responsibility for the Hepialidae correctness of the information is held by the au- * Hepialus humuli (Linnaeus). Kuja. Likely the thors of each specific part of the catalogue. northernmost record of this species. Nepticulidae * Stigmella lapponica (Wocke). Naryan-Mar. 2.4. Nomenclature, data format * S. salicis (Stainton). Naryan-Mar. and data analysis * S. sorbi (Stainton). Naryan-Mar. * Ectoedemia minimella (Zetterstedt). Naryan- The nomenclature and the order of species gener- Mar. ally follow the recent Nordic-Baltic checklist of Lepidoptera (Aarvik et al. 2017). An asterisk (*) Prodoxidae indicates species that are recorded for the first * Lampronia capitella (Clerck). Naryan-Mar. time from NAO. An exclamation mark (!) indi- * L. standfussiella Zeller. Toshviska. This species cates species that have been reported from this re- was considered rare for decades but appeared gion by Sinev (2008) either erroneously or with- widely distributed in the northern regions, out a proper factual support, but have been dis- from to Labytnangi on the Asian side covered in NAO since then. Each record based on of the Ural Mts. (Kozlov et al. 2014). published data is referenced; an exception is but- * L. rupella (Denis & Schiffermüller). Upper terflies for which the references are given only to flow of Shapkina River. excessively long lists of localities, as these are not Greya variabilis Davis & Pellmyr. Amderma included in the present manuscript. The abun- (Kullberg et al. 2013), Naryan-Mar. The re- dance data are not included either, because this cord of this Beringian species in Naryan-Mar list is compilative and aims only at revealing spe- extends its distribution range 400 km to the cies composition in the study region. Noteworthy west, indicating that G. variabilis can poten- species are provided with brief comments on their tially be discovered in northern Fennoscan- distribution and status. The similarities between dia. The moths were collected from several the faunas of different regions were quantified by bogs around the city. the Sørensen index (i.e. by the doubled number of common species divided by the sum of species Incurvariidae numbers in two compared faunas, Sørensen Incurvaria vetulella (Zetterstedt). Kambalnitsa 1948). (Poppius 1906), Madakha (Poppius 1906). The specimens have not been discovered in MZH, so their identity remains problematic: they may actually represent both I. vetulella (Zetterstedt) and I. circulella (Zetterstedt). * I. oehlmanniella (Hübner). Naryan-Mar. 78 Kozlov et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30

Adelidae * Nemophora ochsenheimerella (Hübner). * forsterella (Fabricius). Naryan- Naryan-Mar. This very unexpected finding of Mar. a species feeding on narrows the * G. simpliciella (Stephens). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. distribution gap between (Aarvik et al. 2017) and Asia, where this species is Ypsolophidae known from Eastern Siberia to Japan (Kozlov * Ypsolopha scabrella (Linnaeus). Naryan-Mar. 1997). Choreutidae Tineidae * Anthophila fabriciana (Linnaeus). Naryan- Tineola bisselliella (Hummel). Amderma (Kull- Mar. berg et al. 2013). * Sparganothis rubicundana (Herrich-Schäffer). Gracillariidae Kuja, Naryan-Mar. * Parornix loganella (Stainton). Naryan-Mar. * rogana (Guenée). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. * P. polygrammella (Wocke). Naryan-Mar. * C. moeschleriana (Wocke). Naryan-Mar. The * Phyllonorycter ulmifoliella (Hübner). Naryan- westernmost record of this Beringian species, Mar. which earlier was reported from Taymyr Pen- * P. sorbi (Frey). Naryan-Mar. insula (Kozlov et al. 2006) and Polar Ural * P. hilarella (Zetterstedt). Naryan-Mar. (Aarvik 2013). Yponomeutidae ! viburnana (Denis & Schiffermüller). * Paraswammerdamia lapponica (W. Petersen). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Naryan-Mar. * Lozotaenia forsterana (Fabricius). Naryan- * P. conspersella (Tengström). Naryan-Mar. Mar. * Syndemis musculana (Hübner). Naryan-Mar, Argyresthiidae Toshviska. * Argyresthia laevigatella (Heydenreich). Na- ! Eana osseana (Scopoli). Bugryanitsa (Poppius ryan-Mar. 1906: as Cnephasia longana), Kuja, Naryan- * A. glabratella (Zeller). Naryan-Mar. Mar, Toshviska. * A. svenssoni Bengtsson & Johansson. Naryan- * Acleris comariana (Lienig & Zeller). Naryan- Mar. This recently described species has so Mar, Toshviska. far been known from Sweden, Norway, Fin- ! A. effractana (Hübner). Toshviska. Earlier this land, , and (Lewis species was indicated from this region as A. & Sohn 2015, Schmid 2016). The first record emargana (Sinev 2008). from Russia shows that A. svenssoni has a ! A. maccana (Treitschke). Kanin Peninsula. much wider distribution that could be origi- * A. implexana (Walker). Naryan-Mar. nally expected, so it may well be found in * Eulia ministrana (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan- Asia as well. Mar. * A. abdominalis Zeller. Naryan-Mar. * Aethes smeathmanniana (Fabricius). Kuja, * A. pygmaeella (Denis & Schiffermüller). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Naryan-Mar. * Cochylidia subroseana (Haworth.). Naryan- * A. conjugella Zeller. Naryan-Mar. Mar. * C. implicitana (Wocke). Naryan-Mar. * Pseudosciaphila branderiana (Linnaeus). Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus). Amderma Kuja. (Kullberg et al. 2013), Bugryanitsa (Poppius betuletana (Haworth). Naryan-Mar. 1906), Chizha (Poppius 1906), Gorby A. frigidana (Packard). Amderma (Kullberg et al. (Poppius 1906), Krynka (Poppius 1906), 2013). Kuja, Lovetskij, Naryan-Mar, Toshviska. * Orthotaenia undulana (Denis & Schiffer- * P. porrectella (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. müller). Naryan-Mar. ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30 • Lepidoptera of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug 79

Celypha lacunana (Denis & Schiffermüller). * E. nemorivaga (Tengström). Kuja, Naryan- Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Mar. * Phiaris umbrosana (Freyer). Kuja, Naryan- * E. tedella (Clerck). Naryan-Mar. Mar. * E. granitana (Herrich-Schäffer). Naryan-Mar. ! P.obsoletana (Zetterstedt). Amderma (Kullberg * E. cruciana (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. et al. 2013), Kanin Peninsula, Kuja, Naryan- * E. gimmerthaliana (Lienig & Zeller). Naryan- Mar, upper flow of Shapkina River, Tosh- Mar. viska. * E. nanana (Treitschke). Naryan-Mar. P.metallicana (Hübner). Krynka (Poppius 1906), ! E. crenana (Hübner). Toshviska. Mikulkin (Poppius 1906). * Pelochrista guentheri (Tengström). Naryan- * P. schulziana (Fabricius). Kambalnitsa Mar. (Poppius 1906), Madakha (Poppius 1906). * Eucosma obumbratana (Lienig & Zeller). ! P. turfosana (Herrich-Schäffer). Amderma Naryan-Mar. (Kullberg et al. 2013), Kuja, Naryan-Mar. * E. aspidiscana (Hübner). Naryan-Mar. * P. palustrana (Lienig & Zeller). Naryan-Mar, * E. suomiana (A. Hoffmann). Kuja. Toshviska. E. ommatoptera Falkovich. Amderma (Kullberg * P. septentrionana (Curtis). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. et al. 2013). * P. bipunctana (Fabricius). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. * E. tetraplana (Möschler). Naryan-Mar. This P.inquietana (Walker). Amderma (Kullberg et al. species is widely distributed in Russia (Sinev 2013). A locally abundant Beringian species, 2008) but does not occur in the Nordic and which lives on Pedicularis oederi Wahl. Baltic countries (Aarvik et al. 2017). (Kuznetsov 1978). The foodplant has a gap in Gypsonoma parryana (Curtis). Amderma distribution between Scandinavian mountain (Kullberg et al. 2013). regions and northern Russia (Hultén 1986), Epiblema scutulana (Denis & Schiffermüller). which may explain the absence of this species Mikulkin (Poppius 1906). in northern Fennoscandia. * Dichrorampha plumbana (Scopoli). Kuja, * lediana (Linnaeus). Naryan-Mar. Naryan-Mar. A. noricana (Herrich-Schäffer). Amderma (Kull- * D. sedatana Busck. Kuja, Naryan-Mar. berg et al. 2013). * D. acuminatana (Lienig & Zeller). Naryan- * lancealana (Hübner). Kuja, Naryan- Mar. Mar. * D. montanana (Duponchel). Kuja, Naryan- * Ancylis unguicella (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan- Mar. The northernmost records of this spe- Mar, Toshviska. cies, which does not occur in the Nordic and * A. subarcuana (Douglas). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Baltic countries (Aarvik et al. 2017). * A. habeleri Huemer & Tarmann. Kuja. This * D. plumbagana (Treitschke). Naryan-Mar. species, described from , was since * Grapholita compositella (Fabricius). Naryan- then found from (Blanchemain 2015) Mar. to Iran (Alipanah 2015) and Finland (Aarvik * G. orobana Treitschke. Kuja, Naryan-Mar. et al. 2017). The first record from Russia sub- * Pammene clanculana (Tengström). Naryan- stantially expands its distribution range to the Mar. North and East. * P. obscurana (Stephens). Naryan-Mar. * A. badiana (Denis & Schiffermüller). Kuja, * P. aurana (Fabricius). Naryan-Mar. Naryan-Mar. Eriopsela quadrana (Hübner). Kambalnitsa Oecophoridae (Poppius 1906), Madakha (Poppius 1906). * Denisia stroemella (Fabricius). Naryan-Mar. * Epinotia immundana (Fischer von Rösler- ! Pleurota bicostella (Clerck). Naryan-Mar. stamm). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. * Ethmia quadrillella (Goeze). Naryan-Mar. * E. tetraquetrana (Haworth). Kuja, Naryan- Mar. 80 Kozlov et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30

Gelechiidae * C. albidella (Denis & Schiffermüller). Naryan- * Neofaculta infernella (Herrich-Schäffer). Kuja, Mar. Naryan-Mar. * C. sp. Naryan-Mar. This species, which does * Acompsia subpunctella Svensson. Kuja, not resemble any known representative of the Naryan-Mar. Palaearctic fauna, is now being examined by galbanella (Zeller). Amderma (Kull- J. Tabell. berg et al. 2013). * Monochroa sp. nr. simplicella (Lienig & Momphidae Zeller). Naryan-Mar. This species, which has * Mompha raschkiella (Zeller). Naryan-Mar. also been collected from Polar Ural by J. * M. conturbatella (Hübner). Naryan-Mar. Jalava and J. Kullberg, is now under descrip- tion by O. Karsholt. Scythrididae * pruinosella (Lienig & Zeller). Naryan- * Scythris obscurella (Scopoli). Naryan-Mar. Mar. * S. noricella (Zeller). Naryan-Mar. Prolita sexpunctella (Fabricius). Krynka * S. fuscopterella Bengtsson. Naryan-Mar. (Poppius 1906), Madakha (Poppius 1906), Naryan-Mar. * continuella (Zeller). Naryan-Mar. * fulviguttella (Zeller). Kuja, Naryan- * C. viduella (Fabricius). Naryan-Mar. Mar, Toshviska. Gnorimoschema vastificum Braun. Amderma (Kullberg et al. 2013). * Platyptilia gonodactyla (Denis & Schiffer- Elachistidae müller). Naryan-Mar. * Elachista subalbidella Schläger. Naryan-Mar. P. calodactyla (Denis & Schiffermüller). Am- * E. eleochariella Stainton. Naryan-Mar. derma (Kullberg et al. 2013), Kuja, Naryan- * E. alpinella Stainton. Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Mar. * E. diederichsiella E. Hering. Kuja, Naryan- * Gillmeria pallidactyla (Haworth). Kuja, Mar. Naryan-Mar. * E. zernyi Hartig. Naryan-Mar. Paraplatyptilia sahlbergi (Poppius). Krynka * E. apicipunctella Stainton. Kuja, Naryan-Mar. (Poppius 1906). * E. maculicerusella Bruand. Naryan-Mar. P.sibirica (Zagulajev). Amderma (Kullberg et al. * E. baltica E. Hering. Naryan-Mar. 2013). * Stenoptilia pterodactyla (Linnaeus). Kuja, Coleophoridae Naryan-Mar. * Coleophora striatipennella Nylander. Naryan- * S. veronicae Karvonen. Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Mar. * didactylites (Ström). Naryan-Mar. * C. trochilella (Duponchel). Naryan-Mar. * C. squamosella Stainton. Naryan-Mar. Papilionidae * C. virgaureae Stainton. Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Parnassius corybas Fischer de Waldheim (phoe- * C. pappiferella O. Hofmann. Naryan-Mar. bus auct. nec Fabricius). Kara; several more * C. alticolella Zeller. Kuja, Naryan-Mar. localities in the eastern part of NAO were * C. frischella (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. listed by Tatarinov (2006a). The westernmost * C. alcyonipennella (Kollar). Kuja, Naryan- records of this Siberian species. Mar. Papilio machaon Linnaeus. Golodnaya Guba, * C. idaeella O. Hofmann. Naryan-Mar. Kharyaginskij, Kuja, Malaya Padeya, * C. ledi Stainton. Naryan-Mar. Naryan-Mar, middle flow of Shapkina River, * C. plumbella Kanerva. Kuja, Naryan-Mar. and other 13 localities (Tatarinov 2016). * C. glitzella O. Hofmann. Naryan-Mar. * C. murinella Tengström. Naryan-Mar. Hesperiidae Pyrgus centaureae (Rambur). Golodnaya Guba, ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30 • Lepidoptera of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug 81

Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Kharyaginskij, Nes’, Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Kharyaginskij, Naryan- Padimey Lakes, and other six localities Mar, Nes’, and other eight localities (Tatari- (Tatarinov 2016). nov 2016). Carterocephalus palaemon (Pallas). Golodnaya B. euphrosyne (Linnaeus). Naryan-Mar, Nes’, Guba. Kuja, Naryan-Mar, Padimey Lakes, middle flow of Shapkina River, Seyda. Toshviska, and other eight localities B. selene (Denis & Schiffermüller). Golodnaya (Tatarinov 2016). Guba, Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Kharyaginskij, C. silvicola (Meigen). Nenetskaya Gryada, Kuja, Naryan-Mar, and other eight localities Golognaya Guba, Kuja, Naryan-Mar, Seyda. (Tatarinov 2016). Hesperia comma (Linnaeus). Padimey Lakes, B. chariclea (Schneider). Amderma, Golodnaya upper flow of Shapkina River. Guba, Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Malaya Padeya, Seyda, and other four localities (Tatarinov Pieridae 2016). Leptidea sinapis (Linnaeus). Naryan-Mar, Nes’, B. freija (Thunberg). Golodnaya Guba. Jangech- middle flow of Shapkina River, Seyda. Mylk, Kharyaginskij, Malaya Padeya, Anthocharis cardamines (Linnaeus). Jangech- Naryan-Mar, and other 13 localities Mylk, Kharyaginskij, Naryan-Mar, Nes’, (Tatarinov 2016). Padimey Lakes, upper flow of Shapkina B. polaris (Boisduval). Kara, Malaya Padeya, up- River, and other eight localities (Tatarinov per flow of Shapkina River, Ust-Kara. 2016). B. thore (Hübner). Golodnaya Guba, Jangech- Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus). Amderma, Mylk, Naryan-Mar, Padimey Lakes, upper Golodnaya Guba, Kharyaginskij, Naryan- flow of Shapkina River, and other five locali- Mar, Nes’, and other seven localities (Tatari- ties (Tatarinov 2016). nov 2016). B. frigga (Thunberg). Amderma, Golodnaya Pieris rapae (Linnaeus). Kharyaginskij, Naryan- Guba, Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Kharyaginskij, Mar, Nes’, Toshviska, Velikovisochnoe, and Naryan-Mar, and other 14 localities other five localities (Tatarinov 2016). (Tatarinov 2016). P. napi (Linnaeus). Amderma, Golodnaya Guba, B. improba (Butler). Amderma, Jangech-Mylk, Kara (Morgun 2017 as P. bryoniae), Kuja, Kara, Kuznetskaya, Malaya Padeya, Naryan-Mar, Pechora site 4, Toshviska, and Varandey, and other five localities (Tatarinov other 15 localities (Tatarinov 2016). 2016). Pontia daplidice (Linnaeus). Sibirchatayaha (as B. aquilonaris (Stichel). Golodnaya Guba, P. callidice: Tatarinov 2016). Jangech-Mylk, Kharyaginskij, Kuja, Naryan- Colias hyale (Linnaeus). Middle flow of Mar, and other ten localities (Tatarinov 2016). Shapkina River, Seyda. B. alaskensis (Holland). Amderma, Chernaya, C. hecla Lefèbvre. Chernaya, Jangech-Mylk, Golodnaya Guba, Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Ma- Kara, Malaya Padeya, Padimey Lakes, mid- laya Padeya, Nenetskaya Gryada. dle flow of Shapkina River, Sibirchatayaha. B. angarensis (Erschoff). Golodnaya Guba, C. tyche (Böber). Kara, Khubtape, Sibir- Naryan-Mar, Padimey Lakes, Seyda, upper chatayaha. flow of Shapkina River, Vesniju. C. palaeno (Linnaeus). Golodnaya Guba, Issoria eugenia (Eversmann). Kara, Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Naryan-Mar, Nes’, Kharyaginskij, Padimey Lakes, Seyda, upper Toshviska, and other 17 localities (Tatarinov and middle flow of Shapkina River, 2016). Sibirchatayaha. Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus). Naryan-Mar, Brenthis ino (Rottemburg). Kuja, Naryan-Mar, Nes’, upper flow of Shapkina River, middle flow of Shapkina River, Seyda. Kabanova. Argynnis aglaja (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan-Mar, middle flow of Shapkina River, Seyda. Araschnia levana (Linnaeus). Nes’, middle flow Boloria eunomia (Esper). Golodnaya Guba, of Shapkina River, Seida. 82 Kozlov et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30

Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus). Naryan-Mar, E. discoidalis (Kirby). Kara, Kharyaginskij, Seida, upper flow of Shapkina River, Seida. Velikovisochnoe. Occasional migrant. E. fasciata Butler. Golodnaya Guba, Jangech- V. cardui (Linnaeus). Krynka, Malaya Padeya, Mylk, Kara, Kharyaginskij, Malaya Padeya, Naryan-Mar, Pechora site 3, Toshviska, Naryan-Mar, Padimey Lakes, upper and mid- Velikovisochnoe, and other 11 localities dle flow of Shapkina River, and other seven (Tatarinov 2016). Occasional migrant. localities (Tatarinov 2016) Aglais urticae (Linnaeus). Kharyaginskij, E. jeniseiensis Trybom. Golodnaya Guba, Naryan-Mar, Nenetskaya Gryada, Nes’, Jangech-Mylk, Nenetskaya Gryada, Naryan- Seida. Mar, Padimey Lakes, upper flow of Shapkina Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus). Amderma, Go- River, Vesniju. lodnaya Guba, Kharyaginskij, Naryan-Mar, E. rossii (Curtis). Jangech-Mylk, Kharyaginskij, Nenetskaya Gryada, Nes’, Seida, upper and Malaya Padeya, Naryan-Mar, Padimey middle flow of Shapkina River. Lakes, upper and middle flow of Shapkina N. xanthomelas (Esper). Amderma, Golodnaya River, and other 14 localities (Tatarinov Guba, Kara, Malaya Padeya, Naryan-Mar, 2016). Padimey Lakes, upper and middle flow of Oeneis norna (Thunberg). Golodnaya Guba, Shapkina River, Toshviska, and other nine lo- Jangech-Mylk, Kharyaginskij, Naryan-Mar, calities (Tatarinov 2016). Nenetskaya Gryada, Nes’, Padimey Lakes, Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus). Seida, middle Seida, upper and middle flow of Shapkina flow of Shapkina River. River, Velikovisochnoe, Vesniju. iduna (Dalman). Jangech-Mylk, O. bore (Schneider). Jangech-Mylk, Kharyagin- Naryan-Mar, Nenetskaya Gryada, upper flow skij, Naryan-Mar, Padimey Lakes, upper and of Shapkina River. middle flow of Shapkina River, and other six E. maturna (Linnaeus). Naryan-Mar, Seida, mid- localities (Tatarinov 2016). dle flow of Shapkina River. O. jutta (Hübner). Kharyaginskij, Nes’, Seida, Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg). Kabanova. middle flow of Shapkina River. Coenonympha tullia (Müller). Golodnaya Guba. O. melissa (Fabricius). Kara, Sibirchatayaha. Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Kharyaginskij, Kuja, Naryan-Mar, Padimey Lakes, upper and mid- Lycaenidae dle flow of Shapkina River, and other 11 lo- Cupido minimus (Fuessly). Golodnaya Guba, calities (Tatarinov 2016). Nenetskaya Gryana, Naryan-Mar, Seida. Erebia ligea (Linnaeus). Jangech-Mylk, Seida, Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus). Kharyaginskij, middle flow of Shapkina River. Naryan-Mar, Seida, upper and middle flow of E. euryale (Esper). Golodnaya Guba, Kaninskij Shapkina River. Kamen’, Kharyaginskij, Kuja, Naryan-Mar, Plebeius idas (Linnaeus). Golodnaya Guba, Nenetskaya Gryada, Nes’, Seida, Shoina, Naryan-Mar, Nes’, Seida, upper and middle middle flow of Shapkina River. flow of Shapkina River. E. embla (Thunberg). Naryan-Mar, Seida. The Aricia artaxerxes (Fabricius). Golodnaya Guba, record from Kharyaginskij (Tatarinov and Naryan-Mar, Nes’, middle flow of Shapkina Dolgin 1999) is based on a mislabelled speci- River, Seida. men (A. Tatarinov, pers. comm.). Eumedonia eumedon (Esper). Golodnaya Guba, E. disa (Thunberg). Golodnaya Guba, Jangech- Naryan-Mar, Seida. Mylk, Kharyaginskij, Malaya Padeya, Cyaniris semiargus (Rottemburg). Golodnaya Naryan-Mar, Nes’, Padimey Lakes, upper Guba, Kharyaginskij, Kuja, Naryan-Mar, and middle flow of Shapkina River, and other Nenetskaya Gryada, Nes’, Seida, Toshviska. nine localities (Tatarinov 2016). Agriades optilete (Knoch). Golodnaya Guba, E. pandrose (Borkhausen). Kambalnitsa, Jangech-Mylk, Kara, Kharyaginskij, Kuja, Kaninskij Kamen’, Korovinskaya, Krynka, Malaya Padeya, Naryan-Mar, Nes’, Padimey Mikulkin, Naryan-Mar, Shoina. Lakes, Shoina, upper and middle flow of ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30 • Lepidoptera of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug 83

Shapkina River, and other ten localities Russia, and our new records expand its distri- (Tatarinov 2016). bution range some 800 km to the West. The A. aquilo (Boisduval). Kara, Sibirchatayaha (as earlier record of U. cretacea Fil. from Taymyr A. glandon; Tatarinov 2016). (Kozlov et al. 2006) should be attributed to Polyommatus icarus (Rottemburg). this species. Kharyaginskij, Kuja, Naryan-Mar, Nes’, Eudonia alpina (Curtis). Kambalnitsa (Poppius Vesniju, Seida, middle flow of Shapkina 1906), Madakha (Poppius 1906), Naryan- River. Mar. P. eros (Ochsenheimer). Kara, Seida. * E. murana (Curtis). Naryan-Mar. Lycaena phlaeas (Linnaeus). Kharyaginskij, furcatellus (Zetterstedt). Bugryanitsa Naryan-Mar, Seida, upper flow of Shapkina (Poppius 1906). River. * C. maculalis (Zetterstedt). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Lycaena helle (Denis & Schiffermüller). Pediasia zellerella (Staudinger). Amderma Golodnaya Guba, Kuja, Naryan-Mar, (Kullberg et al. 2013). Nenetskaya Gryada, Nes’, Padimey Lakes, * Chrysoteuchia culmella (Linnaeus). Kuja, Pechora site 2, upper and middle flow of Naryan-Mar. Shapkina River, Vesniju. * Crambus pascuella (Linnaeus). Naryan-Mar. Lycaena hippothoe (Linnaeus). Golodnaya * C. silvella (Hübner). Naryan-Mar. Guba, Kharyaginskij, Naryan-Mar, Nenet- * C. ericella (Hübner). Naryan-Mar. skaya Gryada, Padimey Lakes, Seida, upper * C. alienellus (Germar & Kaulfuss). Naryan- flow of Shapkina River, Vesniju. Mar. Callophrys rubi (Linnaeus). Golodnaya Guba, * C. hamella (Thunberg). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Kharyaginskij, Lovetskij, Naryan-Mar, * C. perlella (Scopoli). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Nenetskaya Gryada, Nes’, Seida, Padimey Lakes, Pechora site 7, upper and middle flow Drepanidae of Shapkina River. * Ochropacha duplaris (Linnaeus). Toshviska.

Pyralidae Geometridae * Anerastia lotella (Hübner). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Cyclophora pendularia (Clerck). Golodnaya * Catastria marginea (Denis & Schiffermüller). Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). Naryan-Mar. * Timandra comae A. Schmidt. Naryan-Mar. C. kistrandella Opheim. Amderma (Kullberg et * T. griseata W. Petersen. Naryan-Mar. al. 2013). * Scopula frigidaria (Möschler). Kuja, Naryan- Pyla fusca (Haworth). Krynka (Poppius 1906), Mar. Kuja, Mikulkin (Poppius 1906), Naryan-Mar. S. ternata Schrank. Golodnaya Guba (Tatarinov Polopeustis altensis (Wocke). Krynka (Poppius & Kulakova 2013), Naryan-Mar. 1906), Mikulkin (Poppius 1906). Scotopteryx chenopodiata (Linnaeus). * Anania funebris (Ström). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. Golodnaya Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova * A. fuscalis (Denis & Schiffermüller). 2013). Toshviska. Psychophora sabini Kirby. Amderma (Kullberg * inquinatalis (Lienig & Zeller). Kuja, et al. 2013). Naryan-Mar. * Xanthorhoe designata (Hufnagel). Naryan- U. decrepitalis (Herrich-Schäffer). Krynka Mar, Toshviska. (Poppius 1906), Kuja, Naryan-Mar. * X. abrasaria (Herrich-Schäffer). Kuja, Naryan- U. alaskalis (Gibson). Amderma (Kullberg et al. Mar. 2013). * X. decoloraria (Esper). Kuja, Naryan-Mar, U. uralica Slamka. Amderma (Kullberg et al. Toshviska. 2013), Kambalnitsa, Kuja, Naryan-Mar. This * X. spadicearia (Denis & Schiffermüller). species, which was recently described from Naryan-Mar. Ural Mts., seems to be widespread in northern * X. ferrugata (Clerck). Naryan-Mar, Toshviska. 84 Kozlov et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30

* X. montanata (Denis & Schiffermüller). Kuja, *Pasiphila debiliata (Hübner). Upper flow of Naryan-Mar, Toshviska. Shapkina River. * X. fluctuata (Linnaeus). Toshviska. * Eupithecia abietaria (Goeze). Naryan-Mar. X. annotinata (Zetterstedt). Krynka (Poppius * E. pygmaeata (Hübner). Kuja, Naryan-Mar. 1906), Madakha (Poppius 1906), Naryan- * E. gelidata Möschler. Naryan-Mar. Mar, Toshviska. * E. conterminata (Lienig & Zeller). Naryan- X. uralensis Choi. Amderma (Kullberg et al. Mar. 2013). * E. veratraria Herrich-Schäffer Kuja, Naryan- * hastulata (Hübner). Kuja, Naryan- Mar. Mar. * E. intricata (Zetterstedt). Naryan-Mar. * E. alternata (Müller). Naryan-Mar, Toshviska. ! E. satyrata (Hübner). Kuja. Entephria polata (Duponchel). Pakhancheskaya * E. vulgata (Haworth). Naryan-Mar. Guba, Toshviska * E. succenturiata (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan- E. byssata (Aurivillius). Amderma (Kullberg et Mar, Toshviska. al. 2013, as E. punctipes), Kambalnitsa ! sororiata (Hübner). Naryan-Mar, (Poppius 1906), Krynka (Poppius 1906), Toshviska. Mikulkin (Poppius 1906), Pakhancheskaya * alternata (Denis & Schiffermüller). Guba. Kuja, Naryan-Mar, Toshviska. E. caesiata (Denis & Schiffermüller). Naryan- M. brunneata (Thunberg). Mikulkin (Poppius Mar. 1906), Naryan-Mar. * Spargania luctuata (Denis & Schiffermüller). M. fusca (Thunberg). Bugryanitsa (Poppius Kuja, Naryan-Mar. 1906), Naryan-Mar, Pakhancheskaya Guba. * Hydriomena furcata (Thunberg). Bolvanskaya * Chiasmia clathrata (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan- Guba, Naryan-Mar, Toshviska. Mar, Toshviska. * H. impluviata (Denis & Schiffermüller). Ematurga atomaria (Linnaeus). Golodnaya Naryan-Mar, Toshviska. Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). * serraria (Lienig & Zeller). Ennomos autumnaria (Werneburg). Golodnaya Naryan-Mar. Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). * Eulithis testata (Linnaeus). Toshviska. vittaria (Thunberg). Krynka (Poppius ! E. populata (Linnaeus). Kuja, Naryan-Mar, 1906), Naryan-Mar. Toshviska. Glacies coracina (Esper). Golodnaya Guba * Dysstroma citrata (Linnaeus). Toshviska. (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). D. pseudimmanata (Heydenreich). Amderma (Kullberg et al. 2013). Saturniidae * turbata (Hübner). Naryan-Mar. Saturnia pavonia (Linnaeus). Golodnaya Guba * Lampropteryx otregiata (Metcalfe). Toshviska. (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013); middle flow of * Epirrita autumnata (Borkhausen). Toshviska, Shapkina River (Tatarinov 2006c). Velikovisochnoe. Sphingidae ! Rheumaptera hastata (Linnaeus). Golodnaya Hyles gallii (Rottemburg). Golodnaya Guba Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013), Kuja, (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013), Kharyaginskij Naryan-Mar. (Tatarinov et al. 2003), Naryan-Mar (Tatari- R. subhastata (Nolcken). Golodnaya Guba nov et al. 2003). (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013), Naryan-Mar. * Coenocalpe lapidata (Hübner). Toshviska. Erebidae * Perizoma affinitata (Stephens). Toshviska. Scoliopteryx libatrix (Linnaeus). Golodnaya * P. alchemillata (Linnaeus). Toshviska. Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). * P. blandiata (Denis & Schiffermüller). Kuja, Apantesis quenseli (Paykull). Golodnaya Guba Naryan-Mar, Toshviska. (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). * P. albulata (Denis & Schiffermüller). Naryan- Arctia lapponica (Thunberg). Golodnaya Guba Mar. (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30 • Lepidoptera of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug 85

A. subnebulosa tundrana Tshistjakov. Amderma NAO and the Novaya Zemlya region in the Cata- (Kullberg et al. 2013), Malaya Padeya (Bolo- logue of the Lepidoptera of Russia (Sinev 2008). tov et al. 2015). However, 12 of these species (labelled with an Euclidia glyphica (Linnaeus). Golodnaya Guba exclamation mark in the list above) have been (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013), Naryan-Mar. found to occur in NAO since then, so only the re- * E. mi (Clerck). Naryan-Mar. cords of the following 18 species have not yet been confirmed. Choreutis diana (Hübner), Phiaris turfosana Diachrysia chrysitis (Linnaeus). Golodnaya (Herrich-Schäffer), Epinotia crenana (Hübner) Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). and Macaria carbonaria (Clerck) were included * D. stenochrysis (Warren). Toshviska. in the Catalogue based on misinterpreted records Autographa gamma (Linnaeus). Golodnaya by Poppius (1906), who recorded these species Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013), Pechora for a locality that lies outside NAO (S. Sinev & V. site 3 (Ross 2000), Toshviska. Mironov, pers. comm.). Similarly, Malacodea Syngrapha hochenwarthi (Hochenwarth). regelaria Tengström was reported from the re- Amderma (Kullberg et al. 2013), Kuja, Na- gion based on the specimen from Ust-Tsilma, Re- ryan-Mar. public of Komi (V. Mironov, pers. comm.). * S. microgamma (Hübner). Naryan-Mar. Three species were reported based on mis- Sympistis zetterstedtii (Staudinger). Amderma identified specimens. Cnephasia longana (Ha- (Kullberg et al. 2013), Golodnaya Guba worth) from Bugryanitsa (Poppius 1906) ap- (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). peared to be Eana osseana (Scopoli), Epagoge * Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). Toshviska. A grotiana (Fabricius) from Dolgij Island appeared subtropical migrant species, which is regu- to be Clepsis mehli (Opheim) and Apotomis larly recorded in the Nordic and Baltic coun- demissana Kennel from Dolgij Island was re- tries (Aarvik et al. 2017). identified as Apotomis frigidana (Packard). * Amphipoea fucosa (Freyer). Toshviska. The authors of the Catalogue were unable to * (Zetterstedt). Toshviska. provide any information regarding the reasons for cordigera (Thunberg) Golodnaya reporting the following species from the region Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). that includes NAO and Novaya Zemlya archipe- conspicua (A. Bang-Haas). Kanin Pns. lago: senilella (Zetterstedt), Acleris (Hacker et al. 2002: distribution map). hastiana (Linnaeus), (Zet- Polia richardsoni (Curtis). Amderma (Kullberg terstedt), Phiaris glaciana (Möschl.), Gesneria et al. 2013), Kanin Pns. (Hacker et al. 2002: centuriella (Denis & Schiffermüller), Loxostege distribution map). sticticalis (Linnaeus), Gynaephora relictus (O. * Papestra biren (Goeze). Naryan-Mar. Bang-Haas), Leucoma salicis (Linnaeus), Polia Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus). Golodnaya lamuta (Herz) and Xestia tecta (Hübner) (S. Si- Guba (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013). nev and A. Matov, pers. comm.). All these species * Diarsia mendica (Fabricius). Naryan-Mar. were therefore excluded from our list. Eurois occulta (Linnaeus). Golodnaya Guba Parnassius mnemosyne (Linnaeus) was re- (Tatarinov & Kulakova 2013), Toshviska. ported from NAO by Bolotov et al. (2012) based Xestia quieta (Hübner). Amderma (Kullberg et on the record made near Kosminskoe Lake, al. 2013), Mikulkin (Poppius 1906). which is located at the border of NAO, Arkhang- X. liquidaria (Eversmann). Amderma (Kullberg elsk oblast and the . However, the et al. 2013). species was collected on the territory of the Komi Republic (Tatarinov 2016), so its occurrence in NAO, although very likely, remains to be confir- 3.2. Species excluded from the list med (A. Tatarinov, pers. comm.).

In total, 30 species has been erroneously reported, or reported without a proper factual support, from 86 Kozlov et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30

Fig. 3. Locations and compositions of lepidopteran faunas of the Arctic and Subarctic continental regions. – a. Numbers of Lepidoptera species with subdivision to “microleipidoptera”, “macroleipidoptera” and butterflies. – b. Nenets Autonmous Okrug relative to other regions, with which the lepidopteran fauna of the former is com- pared. Abbreviations of the regions (source of data of Fig. 3a in parentheses): Fin, Finland (Aarvik et al. 2017); Kar, Republic of Karelia, Russia (Sinev 2008); Mur, Murmansk oblast, Russia (Kozlov & Kullberg 2010); Ark, , Russia (Kozlov et al. 2014, 2017); NAO, continental part of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia (present study); Tay, Taymyr Peninsula, Russia (Kozlov et al. 2006); Ala, , USA (Pohl et al. 2018).

3.3. Similarities between fauna of NAO differs in the presence of tundra Arctic regional faunas species (e.g. Boloria chariclea, B. polaris, B. improba, Erebia pandrose). Due to insufficient levels of faunistic knowledge on “microlepidoptera”, we have restricted our analysis of faunistic similarity to butterflies. In 4. Discussion terms of its composition of butterfly fauna, NAO has an intermediate position between Fennoscan- 4.1. The level of faunistic knowledge dia and the Taymyr peninsula, and is equally sim- ilar to both these regions (Sørenson index 0.59– More or less complete lists of moths and butter- 0.65). In comparison to these regions, it differs flies are available only for a few Arctic and sub- primarily in the proportion of the Beringian spe- Arctic regions (Fig. 3b). Restricting our compari- cies (e.g. Parnassius corybas, Boloria alasken- son to continental faunas we conclude that the sis, Erebia discoidalis, Oeneis melissa). When level of faunistic knowledge decreases substan- compared to the fauna of the more southern tially from Fennoscandia to the East (Fig. 3a). Of Arkhangelsk oblast (Sørenson index 0.62), the course, the absolute numbers of species recorded ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30 • Lepidoptera of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug 87 in different regions depend on both their area and found in NAO (i.e. 10% of the fauna) have never climate, but the ratio between “microlepidoptera” been recorded from Finland. Conversely, only a and “macrolepidoptera”, which serves an index handful of species (for example, Boloria napaea) of the completeness of the faunistic inventory are relatively common in Fennoscandia but have (Sinev 2008), decreases from 1.5–1.6 in Finland not yet been found in NAO or to the east of NAO. and Murmansk oblast to 1.1 in the Arkhangelsk Our findings demonstrated that several Be- oblast and NAO and then to 0.5–0.6 in the ringian species occur in regions farther west than Taymyr Peninsula and Alaska. The percentage of was previously thought. In particular, the records butterfly species in these faunas seems to increase of Greya variabilis and Clepsis moeschleriana in towards the north, from 5 to 10%; however, the Naryan-Mar extended the distribution range of question remains whether this increase reflects these species some 400 km to the west. Similarly, real changes in the structure of regional faunas or records of Nemophora ochsenheimerella, Hepia- is an artefact of the level of faunistic knowledge. lus humuli, Dichrorampha montanana and Ancy- We used two approaches to evaluate the com- lis habeleri near Naryan-Mar substantially ex- pleteness of the faunistic list we compiled. First, panded the distribution limits of these species to we assumed that the list of butterflies of NAO, the north. However, it remains unclear whether with 70 reported species, is nearly complete. these species with generally more southern distri- Only 42 of these species were found in Naryan- bution have occurred in NAO for millennia or Mar; the remaining 28 species are either Arctic whether they have recently migrated there follo- tundra residents or are limited to more southern wing climate warming. parts of NAO. Assuming that this proportion be- We estimate that some 80% of the Lepidop- tween different faunistic elements is valid for tera species recorded from NAO belong to resi- other groups of Lepidoptera, and that the fauna of dents of northern boreal forests and bogs. In other moths in the surroundings of Naryan-Mar is rela- words, the composition of the local fauna of tively well explored, we estimate that the fauna of moths and butterflies is much more similar to the NAO is likely to include 360 species of Lepidop- Arkhangelsk oblast of Russia (Fig. 3a), which is tera. Second, we assumed that the list of so-called almost completely covered by taiga forests, than “macrolepidoptera” is reasonably complete. The would have been expected prior our sampling. number of the so-called “microlepidoptera” spe- This conclusion is similar to the one made based cies in well-studied northern faunas exceeds the on the investigation of aphids: Stekolstchikov number of “macrolepidoptera” species by a factor (2017) concluded that the number of truly Arctic of 1.6 (Sinev 2008). This means that the fauna of aphids in NAO is surprisingly low. However, the NAO is likely to include approximately 250 spe- extent to which these conclusions are due to a cies of “microlepidoptera” or 400 species of much lower sampling effort in tundra relative to moths and butterflies in total. Allowing for a 20% forests remains unclear. To date, Amderma (1 in underestimation of the number of “macrolepi- Fig. 1) remains the only locality in the tundras of doptera” in the current list, we accept 500 species NAO where “microlepidoptera” have been spe- of Lepidoptera as a realistic upper estimate of the cifically collected (Kullberg et al. 2013). fauna of the continental part of NAO. Acknowledgements. Sampling in Naryan-Mar was made possible due to financial support from Otto Malm Founda- tion and Percy Sladen Memorial Fund. We are grateful to 4.2. Composition of regional fauna A. Stekolstchikov, T. Dyaditsyna and O. Makarova for do- nating their samples to MZH, to S. Sinev, A. Matov, V. The fauna of moths and butterflies of NAO Mironov, A. Tatarinov and A. Lvovsky for providing infor- clearly differs from the fauna of Fennoscandia, mation on the occurrence of some species in NAO, to E. J. due to a relatively high proportion of Beringian van Nieukerken for identifilation of leaf miners and for barcoding of Eriocrania species, to B. Yu. Filippov for species in NAO. It also differs from the faunas of providing access to some samples collected in NAO, and to Taymyr and Alaska by the presence of West Pa- V. V. Gorbach, E. J. van Nieukerken and S. Yu. Sinev for laearctic species in NAO. In particular, 33 species inspiring comments to an earlier version of the manuscript. 88 Kozlov et al. • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 30

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