The First Urban Churches 2 Roman Corinth

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SBL Wri tings from the Greco-Roman world Supplement series

Clare K. Rothschild, General Editor

Number 8

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SBL The First Urban Churches 2 Roman Corinth

Edited by James R. Harrison and L. L. Welborn

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SBL Atlanta

A ll rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by means of any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permit- ted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission should be addressed in writing to the Rights and Permissions Office,S BL Press, 825 Hous- ton Mill Road, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

First urban churches / edited by James R. Harrison and L. L. Welborn. volumes cm. — (Society of Biblical Literature. Writings from the Greco-Roman world Supplement series ; Number 7) Includes bibliographical references. Contents: 1. Methodological foundations.

ISBN 978-1-62837-102-4 (v. 1 : pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-62837-104-8 (v. 1 : ebook) — ISBN 978-1-62837-103-1 (v. 1 : hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-88414-111-2 (v. 2 : pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-88414-112-9 (v. 2 : ebook) — ISBN 978-0-88414-113-6 (v. 2 : hardcover : alk. paper) 1. City churches. 2. Church history—Primitive and early church, ca. 30–600. 3. Cities and towns—Religious aspects—Christianity. I. Harrison, James R., 1952– editor. BV637.F57 2015 270.109173’2—dc23 2015021858 Press

Printed on acid-free paper. SBL Contents

A bbreviations...... vii

Introduction: Excavating the Urban Life of Roman Corinth James R. Harrison...... 1

Inequality in Roman Corinth: Evidence from Diverse Sources Evaluated by a Neo-Ricardian Model L. L. Welborn...... 47

Negotiating Multiple Modes of Religion and Identity in Roman Corinth Cavan Concannon...... 85

Between Polis, Oikos, and Ekklesia: The Challenge of Negotiating the Spirit World (1 Cor 12:1–11) Kathy Ehrensperger...... 105

Brother against Brother: Controversiae about Inheritance Disputes and 1 Corinthians 6:1–11 Michael Peppard...... 133

The Changing Rural Horizons of Corinth’s First Urban Christians David K. Pettegrew...... 153Press Mixed-Language Inscribing at Roman Corinth Bradley J. Bitner...... 185

“The God of This Age” (2 Cor 4:4) and Paul’s Empire-Resisting Gospel at Corinth Fredrick J.SBL Long...... 219 vi cno te ts

P aul and the Agōnothetai at Corinth: Engaging the Civic Values of Antiquity James R. Harrison...... 271

Contributors...... 327 Primary Sources Index...... 329 Modern Authors Index...... 347

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SBL Abbreviations

P rimary Sources

Ab urbe cond. Livy, Ab urbe condita Ach. Aristophanes, Acharnenses Ad Nic. Isocrates, Ad Nicoclem Aeg. Manetho, Aegyptiaca Aen. Vergil, Aeneid And. Lysias, Contra Andocides Ann. Tacitus, Annales Ant. Josephus, Antiquitates judaicae Apol. Plato, Apologia; Tertullian, Apologeticus Apos. Con. apostolic Constitutions and Canons Arat. Plutarch, Aratus Arch. Vitruvius, De architectura Ascen. Isa. ascension of Isaiah [Mart. Ascen. Isa. 6–11] Bell. civ. Appian, Bella civilia Bib. hist. Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca historica B.J. Josephus, Bellum judaicum C. Ap. Josephus, Contra Apionem Caes. Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus; Plutarch, Caesar Cal. Suetonius, Gaius Caligula Cat. Cicero, In Catalinam Char. Theophrastus, CharacteresPress Cher. Philo, De cherubim Claud. Suetonius, Divus Claudius Clem. Seneca the Younger, De clementia Cleom. Plutarch, Cleomenes Cod. justin. Codex justinianus Conc. Apam. Dio Chrysostom, De concordia cum Apamensibus (Or. 40)

SBL-vii - viii abbrea vi tions

Conf. Philo, De confusione linguarum Cont. Dio Chrysostom, Contio (Or. 47) Contr. Elder Seneca, Controversiae [Cor.] Dio Chrysostom, Corinthiaca (Or. 37) Cyr. Xenephon, Cyropaedia De or. Cicero, De oratore Decal. Philo, De decalogo Def. orac. Cicero, De defectu oraculorum Deip. Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae Demon. Lucian, Demonax Descr. Pausanias, Graeciae descriptio Dial. Seneca the Younger, Dialogi Dial. d. Lucian, Dialogi deorum Din. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, De Dinarcho Div. Cicero, De divinatione Eccl. Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae Ecl. Eclogae Ep. Epistulae; Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales Epit. Justin, Epitoma historiarum Philippicarum Epitr. Menander, Epitrepontes Eq. Aristophanes, Equites Eth. nic. Aristotle, Ethica nicomachea Euthyd. Plato, Euthydemus Fact. Valerius Maximus, Facta et dicta memorabilia Flac. Cicero, Pro Flacco Flam. Plutarch, Titus Flamininus Frat. amor. Plutarch, De fraterno amore Geogr. Strabo, Geographica Hel. Syn. Pr. hellenistic Synagogal Prayers Hell. Xenophon, Hellenica Hist. Histories Hist. rom. Dio Cassius, HistoriaPress romana Il. Homer, Iliad Inst. Quintilian, Institutio oratoria Leg. Cicero, De legibus Legat. Philo, Legatio ad Gaium Leoc. Lycurgus, Contra Leocrates Lex. Valerius Harpocration, Lexicon in decem oratores SBLAtticos abbrea vi tions ix

Ling. Varro, De lingua latina Marc. Plutarch, Marcellus Mem. Xenophon, Memorabilia Metam. Apuleius, Metamorphoses Mor. Plutarch, Moralia Nat. Pliny the Elder, Naturalis historia Nat. d. Cicero, De natura deorum Nic. Lysias, Contra Nicomachus Od. Homer, Odyssey Pelop. Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War Per. Plutarch, Pericles Phars. Lucan, Pharsalia Pol. Aristotle, Politica; Plato, Politicus Praec. ger. rei publ. Plutarch, Praecepta gerendae rei publicae Prot. Plato, Protagoras Quaest. conv. Plutarch, Quaestionum convivialum libri IX Ran. Aristophanes, Ranae [Reg. imp. apophth.] plutarch, Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata Rep. Cicero, De republica Resp. Plato, Respublica Rhod. Dio Chrysostom, Rhodiaca (Or. 31) Rom. Plutarch, Romulus Rust. Columella, Res rustica Sacr. Philo, De sacrificiis Abelis et Caini Sat. Juvenal, Satirae Sib. Or. Sibylline Oracles Somn. Philo, De somniis Spec. Philo, De specialibus legibus Strat. Frontinus, Strategemata Theog. Hesiod, Theogonia Thesm. Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae Tib. Suetonius, TiberiusPress Tim. Aeschines, In Timarchum; Plutarch, Timoleon Trapez. Isocrates, Trapeziticus Tusc. Cicero, Tusculanae disputations Vat. Cicero, In Vatinium Vesp. Aristophanes, Vespae; Suetonius, Vespasianus Virt. Dio Chrysostom, De virtute (Or. 8) Vit. aere al. SBLCicero, De vitando aere alieno x abbrea vi tions

Vit. Apoll. Philostratus, Vita Apollonii Vit. soph. Philostratus, Vitae sophistarum Vit. Thuc. Marcellinus, Vita Thucydidis

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Hell Hellenica: Recueil d’epigraphie, de numismatique et d’antiquites grecques Hesperia Hesperia: Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens HTR Harvard Theological Review HTS Harvard TheologicalS tudies IBC Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching ICC International Critical Commentary IDelos dürrbach, Félix, et al., eds. 7 vols. Inscriptions de Délos. Paris: Champion; de Boccard, 1926–1972. IEph Wankel, Hermann, et al., eds. Die Inschriften von Ephesos. 8 vols. Bonn: Habelt, 1979–1984. IG Inscriptiones Graecae. Editio Minor. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1924– IGBulg Mihailov, Georgi, ed. Inscriptiones graecae in Bul- garia repertae. 5 vols. Sofia: Academiae litterarum bulgaricae, 1958-1970, 1997. IGRR Inscriptiones graecae ad res romanas pertinentes. Edited by Rene Cagnat et al. 3 vols. Paris: Leroux, 1906–1927. IGSK Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien IKorinthKent Kent, John Harvey, ed. The Inscriptions, 1926–1950. Vol. 8.3 of Corinth: Results of Excavations Con- ducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. Princeton: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1966. IKorinthMeritt meritt, Benjamin Dean, ed. Greek Inscriptions, 1896–1927. Vol. 8.1 of Corinth: Results of Excava- tions Conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. Cambridge: American School of Classical StudiesPress at Athens, 1931. IKorinthStroud stroud, Ronald S. The Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore: The Inscriptions. Vol. 18.6 of Corinth: Results of Excavations Conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. Princeton: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2013. IKorinthWest West, Allen Brown, ed. Latin Inscriptions, 1896– SBL1926. Vol. 8.2 of Corinth: Results of Excavations abbrea vi tions xiii

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Kurt Galling. 3rd ed. 7 vols. Tübingen: Mohr Sie- beck, 1957–1965. RGRW Religions in the Graeco-Roman World RPC Roman Provincial Coinage. Edited by Andrew Bur- nett et al. London: British Museum Press; Paris: Bibliothèque Nationale, 1992–. RTR Reformed Theological Review SB Sammelbuch griechischer Urkunden aus Aegypten. Edited by Friedrich Preisigke et al. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1915–. SBLDS Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series SBLSyms society of Biblical Literature Symposium Series SCHNT Studia ad Corpus Hellenisticum Novi Testamenti SEG Supplementum epigraphicum graecum SIG Sylloge inscriptionum graecarum. Edited by Wilhelm Dittenberger. 4 vols. 3rd ed. Leipzig: Hirzel, 1915– 1924. SMSR Studi e materiali di storia delle religioni SNTSms society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series SNTW Studies of the New Testament and Its World SP Sacra Pagina Spengel Leonhard von Spengel, Rhetores graeci. 2 vols. Leipzig: Teubner, 1853–1856. SVF Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta. Hans Friedrich August von Arnim. 4 vols. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903– 1924. TAM Tituli Asiae Minoris. Edited by Ernst Kalinka et al. Vienna: Hoelder, 1901–. TAPA Transactions of the American Philological Associa- tion TDNT Theological DictionaryPress of the New Testament. Edited by Gerhard Kittel and Gerhard Friedrich. Trans- lated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. 10 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964–1976. TENTS Texts and Editions for New Testament Study TG Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis TK SBLTexte und Kommentare xvi abbrea vi tions

TynBul Tyndale Bulletin TZ Theologische Zeitschrift VC Vigiliae Christianae VT Vetus Testamentum WBC Word Biblical Commentary WGRWSup Writings from the Greco-Roman World Supple- ment Series ZAC Zeitschrift für antikes Christentum ZNW Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde der alteren Kirche ZPE Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik ZTK Zeitschrift für Theologie und Kirche

Other Abbreviations l(l). line(s) pl(s). plate(s)

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