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Archaeological Assessment Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Shaw Subdivision Development On part of Peninsula B Concession 4, Township of Pembroke (Geo.), Township of Laurentian Valley, County of Renfrew Prepared for: Herb Shaw, Shaw Realty ℅ Brian Whitehead JP2G Consultants Inc. 12 International Drive Pembroke, ON K8A 6W5 Phone: 613-735-2507 email: [email protected] Prepared by: Cameron Heritage Consulting 5021- 25 Civic Centre Road Petawawa, ON K8H 0B0 Phone (613) 281-3838 email: [email protected] and Kinickinick Heritage Consulting 207 Old Mine Road Cobden, ON K0J 1K0 Phone: (613) 791-4391 email:[email protected] C.H.C. Project #2017001 PIF Number:P371-0014-2017 Courtney Cameron (License Number P371) ORIGINAL REPORT January 9, 2018 Kinickinick Heritage Consulting& Cameron Heritage Consulting Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Proposed Shaw Subdivision Development EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment was completed under the scope of the Official Plan for the Township of Laurentian Valley in preparation for the construction a housing development. The Proposed Development Area (PDA) is located on interior side of a peninsula in the Ottawa River and can be accessed by a trail next to 26 Eileen Street,Pembroke. The parcel of land is within Part of Peninsula B, Concession 4 Township of Pembroke (Geo), Township of Laurentian Valley, Renfrew County. The PDA consists of an irregularity shaped parcel of land that totals approximately 9.581 ha. The Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment included consultation with local heritage organizations or informants, reviews of aerial imagery, national topographic maps, physiographic maps and early maps of the area. In addition, information regarding known archaeological sites in the vicinity, land grants, and historical reference books were reviewed. Given the proximity of the PDA to two significant Middle Archaic archaeological sites, and the environmental conditions, 85% of the property was considered to hold potential for the presence of archaeological resources. The remainder of the property (15%), was wetland and has low archaeological potential, and is not testable by conventional means so it was omitted from the testing survey. The shovel testing within the PDA was conducted between June 29th and Oct 14th, 2017. The results of the test pitting was three positive test pits, the documentation of two stone features, and a surface find of a historical lumbering era artifact. The stone features and two of the positive test pits contained sufficient number of artifacts to require Borden Numbers (BkGg-36, 37, and 38), and the stone features requiredSampling of the two stone features for Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) was conducted Oct 24, 2017. No further archaeological work is recommended for the positive test pits or the surface find. Additional Archaeological assessment is recommended for the two stone features (BkGg-36). The Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment study was completed by Courtney Cameron M.A., (P371) Archaeologist with Cameron Heritage Consulting. PIF #P371-0014-2017 Kinickinick Heritage Consulting & Cameron Heritage Consulting !2 Report #2017001 Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Proposed Shaw Subdivision Development Table of Contents Executive Summary .........................................................................................................................2 Project Personnel .............................................................................................................................5 1. Project Context ............................................................................................................................6 1.1.Objectives ............................................................................................................................6 1.2. Development & Regulatory Context ................................................................................7 2. Historical Context .......................................................................................................................8 2.1. Palaeo-environmental History ..........................................................................................8 2.2. Pre-Contact Period ............................................................................................................9 2.3. Algonquin Oral History ..................................................................................................13 2.4. Algonquin History ..........................................................................................................15 2.4.1.Proto-Historic Period ................................................................................................16 2.4.1.Iroquoian or Beaver Wars .........................................................................................17 2.4.1.The French Regime 1701 until 1759 ........................................................................18 2.4.1.Pre-Confedration British Colonial Period 1760 to 1867 ..........................................20 2.4.1.Post-Confederation Federal-Provincial Colonial Period ..........................................23 2.5. Post- Contact Period .......................................................................................................27 2.6. Property History ..............................................................................................................28 3. Existing Conditions/Archaeological Context ............................................................................29 3.1. Current Environmental Conditions .................................................................................29 3.1.1.Physiographic Conditions .........................................................................................30 3.1.2.Hydrological Conditions ...........................................................................................30 3.1.3. Soils and Geological Conditions ..........................................................................30 3.2. Existing Heritage Plaques and Monuments ....................................................................31 3.3. Built Heritage and Cemetery locations ...........................................................................31 3.4. Previous Archaeological Assessments and Potential Mapping .......................................31 PIF #P371-0014-2017 Kinickinick Heritage Consulting & Cameron Heritage Consulting !3 Report #2017001 Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Proposed Shaw Subdivision Development 3.5. Existing Archaeological Sites .........................................................................................31 3.6. Field Methods .................................................................................................................32 3.7. Determination of Archaeological Potential. ....................................................................33 3.7.1.Analysis of Pre-Contact Context ..............................................................................33 3.7.2.Analysis of the Post-Contact Context .......................................................................34 3.7.1.Archaeological potential based on Stage 1 results. ..................................................35 3.7.1.Stage 1 Recommendations. .......................................................................................36 4. Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment Field Methods ..................................................................36 4.1. Record of Finds ...............................................................................................................37 4.2. Analysis and Conclusions of the Stage 2 Field Assessment. ..........................................37 5. Recommendations .....................................................................................................................40 7. Advice on Compliance with Legislation ...................................................................................41 8. Report Conditions and Limitations ...........................................................................................42 9. References .................................................................................................................................43 9.1. Personal Communication ................................................................................................48 10.Figures (Maps and Plates) ........................................................................................................49 11.Photographs ..............................................................................................................................71 Appendix A: Land Grant for Peninsula B Concession 3 ...............................................................80 Appendix B: Artifact Catalog ........................................................................................................90 Appendix C: Sensitive Information ...............................................................................................91 PIF #P371-0014-2017 Kinickinick Heritage Consulting & Cameron Heritage Consulting !4 Report #2017001 Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment Proposed Shaw Subdivision Development PROJECT PERSONNEL Project Manager Ken Swayze (P039) Licensee Courtney E.G. Cameron (P371) Report Authors Courtney E.G. Cameron Ken Swayze Project Research Courtney E.G. Cameron Ken Swayze Don Webb Field Work Courtney E.G. Cameron Christine Luckasavitch Ken Swayze Doug Lester Marc Kelly
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