Deep-Sea Cumacean Crustaceans (Peracarida) Collected from Pacific
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Deep-sea Fauna and Pollutants off Pacifi c Coast of Northern Japan, edited by T. Fujita, National Museum of Nature and Science Monographs, No. 39, pp. 483-493, 2009 Deep-sea Cumacean Crustaceans (Peracarida) Collected from Pacifi c Coast of Northern Honshu, Japan Tadashi Akiyama Ushimado Marine Laboratory, Okayama University, Ushimado, Okayama, 701̶4303, Japan E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Deep-sea cumaceans from the Pacifi c coast of Northern Honshu, Japan, 249̶5367 m deep, were collected by the R/V Soyo-maru, R/V Wakataka-maru and R/V Tansei-maru in 1992, and 2005̶2007. Twenty- seven species from families Bodotridae, Leuconidae, Nannastacidae, and Diastylidae were identifi ed, among which Platycuma japonicum was new to science. Key words: Cumacea, Crustacea, deep-sea, Japan, Northern Pacifi c. Introduction Relatively little is known about the deep-sea cumacean fauna of the Pacifi c coast of northern Japan. However, the cumacean fauna of the eastern coast of the Russia, including the Okhotsk Sea, Kamchatka and the Sea of Japan, was well documented by Lomakina (1955, 1958). Calman (1912) reported 10 cumacean species from shallow waters of the Bering Sea, off Alaska and Sakhalin, 7 species of which have also been reported from the sea fl oor deeper than 200 m (Bacescu, 1988, 1991). From Pacifi c coast of northern Honshu, Japan, Gamô (1985, 1987, 1988a, b, 1989, 1999) and Harada (1962) reported 15 deep-sea cumacean species, which would comprise only a small portion of the complete fauna of this region. During the project “Research on Deep-sea Fauna and Pollutants off Pacifi c Coast of Northern Japan” by Natural Museum of Nature and Science (NSMT), a large number of deep-sea benthic organisms from this region were collected. The present study describes the cumacean specimens from the NSMT collection. Materials and Methods The cumacean specimens examined in this study were collected by the R/V Wakataka-maru and R/V Soyo-maru of the Fisheries Research Agency (FRA), and the R/V Tansei-maru of the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), between 2005 and 2007. Some specimens collected by the R/V Soyo-maru in 1992 were also examined. The gears used for the collections were biological dredges and beam trawls of 3 m span. In some collections, small ring nets, 30 cm in diameter, 0.5 mm or 1 mm opening, were attached to the gears to catch small animals including cumaceans. The stations where cumacean specimens examined in the present study were collected are listed in Table 1. The specimens examined are deposited in NSMT. 484 Tadashi Akiyama Table 1. List of the sampling sites. Abbreviations for Haul. no. and Gear: SO, R/V Soyo-maru; WA, R/V Wakataka-maru; KT, R/V Tansei-maru; BT, beam trawl; DG, biological dredge. Haul. no. Date Position in Position out Depth (m) Gear SO92-St. 5 30 Jun. 1992 41˚39.4´N, 142˚10.2´E 41˚37.7´N, 142˚10.7´E 1150̶1170 BT SO07-C7-B 5 Aug. 2007 39˚40.6´N, 142˚35.2´E 39˚39.8´N, 142˚33.7´E 815̶820 BT SO07-K1 6 Aug. 2007 38˚35.4´N, 143˚04.5´E 38˚34.0´N, 143˚06.9´E 2043̶2183 BT SO07-K2 6 Aug. 2007 38˚34.7´N, 143˚32.9´E 38˚30.6´N, 143˚35.6´E 2968̶3032 BT SO07-K3 7 Aug. 2007 38˚29.0´N, 143˚40.1´E 38˚34.3´N, 143˚42.5´E 3990̶4181 BT SO07-O1 8 Aug. 2007 36˚46.0´N, 141˚51.4´E 36˚43.8´N, 141˚48.1´E 2020̶2068 BT SO07-O3 8 Aug. 2007 36˚57.1´N, 142˚39.9´E 36˚52.4´N, 142˚35.7´E 4075̶4128 BT SO07-O4 7 Aug. 2007 37˚00.6´N, 142˚57.4´E 36˚56.3´N, 142˚58.9´E 5000̶5367 BT WA05-DE250D 19 Nov. 2005 38˚40.6´N, 141˚55.3´E ― 249 DG WA05-FG250D 14 Nov. 2005 37˚19.9´N, 141˚37.7´E ― 253̶255 DG WA06-DE280D 23 Nov. 2006 38˚42.91´N, 141˚58.34´E 38˚43.12´N, 141˚58.37´E 284̶285 DG WA06-E1200D 2 Nov. 2006 38˚19.25´N, 142˚31.74´E 38˚19.36´N, 142˚31.65´E 1213̶1214 DG WA06-EF425D 21 Nov. 2006 38˚03.26´N, 142˚03.97´E 38˚03.12´N, 142˚04.25´E 420̶424 DG WA06-F1500D 1 Nov. 2006 37˚34.64´N, 142˚33.47´E 37˚39.39´N, 142˚34.32´E 1466̶1511 DG WA06-G900D 11 Nov. 2006 36˚47.53´N, 141˚39.39´E 36˚47.32´N, 141˚39.14´E 920̶925 DG WA06-H1500D 15 Nov. 2006 36˚36.45´N, 141˚36.21´E 36˚36.66´N,141˚36.14´E 1450̶1470 DG KT07-29-H1 8 Nov. 2007 40˚48.70´N, 142˚00.05´E 40˚47.36´N, 142˚00.49´E 454̶97 BT KT07-29-H2 8 Nov. 2007 40˚00.00´N, 143˚31.37´E 41˚00.76´N 143˚30.25´E 2032̶2055 BT KT07-29-M1 5 Nov. 2007 39˚17.86´N, 142˚28.40´E 39˚16.80´N, 142˚27.37´E 1039̶1041 BT KT07-29-M2 5 Nov. 2007 39˚16.20´N, 142˚41.07´E 39˚18.62´N, 142˚43.73´E 1528̶1603 BT KT07-29-M3-1 5 Nov. 2007 39˚20.04´N, 142˚50.99´E 39˚21.75´N, 142˚51.90´E 1719̶1728 BT KT07-29-M3-2 6 Nov. 2007 39˚20.19´N, 142˚51.40´E 39˚19.23´N, 142˚49.18´E 1709̶1737 BT KT07-29-M3-3 8 Nov. 2007 39˚20.09´N, 142˚51.17´E 39˚19.23´N, 142˚49.05´E 1733̶1695 BT Taxonomy Family Lampropidae Sars, 1878 Genus Hemilamprops Sars, 1883 Hemilamprops sp. Material examined. SO07-K3 (2♂, 1♀, 3 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19749. Family Bodotriidae Scott, 1901 Subfamily Bodotriinae Scott, 1901 Genus Cyclaspoides Bonnier, 1896 Cyclaspoides sp. Material examined. KT07-29-H2 (3♀, 4 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19750. Remarks. Three known species of the genus, Cyclaspoides sarsi Bonnier, 1896, C. pellucidus Day, 1978 and C. bacescui Petrescu, 1995, have been reported from, respectively, the deep Atlan- tic, 698̶4934 m depth; off South Africa, 400 m depth; and from the eastern Pacifi c, off Ecuador, 1892 m depth. The Japanese specimens are similar to C. sarsi. Subfamily Vaunthompsoniinae Sars, 1878 Ginus Bathycuma Hansen, 1895 Bathycuma granulatum Gamô, 1989 Bathycuma granulatum Gamô, 1989: 11̶17, fi gs. 1̶3. Deep-sea Cumacea from Northern Japan 485 Material examined. SO07-K3 (2♂, 3 juv., 3 manca), NSMT-Cr 19751; SO07-K2 (1 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19752; SO07-O4 (1♀), NSMT-Cr 19753. Distribution. Pacifi c coast of northern Honshu, 2968̶6416 m depth. Bathycuma declinatum Gamô, 1989 Bathycuma declinatum Gamô, 1989: 17̶23, fi gs. 4̶6. Material examined. SO07-K3 (2 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19754. Distribution. Off Kinkazan, Pacifi c coast of northern Honshu, 3990̶6416 m. Family Leuconidae Sars, 1878 Genus Leucon Kröyer, 1846 Subgenus Leucon Kröyer, 1846 Leucon (Leucon) armatus Given, 1961 Leucon armatus Given, 1961: 136̶139, fi g. 35A̶D. Material examined. KT07-29-H2 (2♀, 1 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19755. Distribution. California, Pacifi c eastern coast, Pacifi c coast of northern Honshu, 186̶2055 m. Leucon (Leucon) kobjakovae Lomakina, 1955 Leucon kobjakovae Lomakina, 1955: 241̶243, fi g. 157. Leucon (Leucon) kobjakovae: Bacescu, 1988: 155. Material examined. KT07-29-H1 (40♀, 70 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19756. Distribution. Okhotsk Sea, Kamtcatka, the Sea of Japan, Pacifi c coast of northern Honshu, 48̶497 m. Leucon (Leucon) sp. 1 Material examined. WA05-DE250D (15♀, 10 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19757; WA06-DE250D (2♀, 1 juv., 1 manca), NSMT-Cr 19758. Remarks. Carapace of the specimens have a curved ridge, which is also present in Leucon (Leucon) kobjakovae and L. (L.) falcicosta Walting and MacCann, 1997 from the eastern Pacifi c, 90̶161 m (Watling and MacCann, 1997). However, the specimens are distinguished from the latter two species by a more upturned pseudorostrum. Leucon (Leucon) sp. 2 Material examined. SO07-C7-B (1♂, 24♀, 17 juv., 3 manca), NSMT-Cr 19759. Remarks. The specimens resemble Leucon (Leucon) robustus Hansen, 1920 from the North Atlantic, 1000̶2624 m, in having a few spines on the side of the frontal lobe of carapace. How- ever, the former is distinguished from the latter by the shape of some appendages, including an- tenna 1. 486 Tadashi Akiyama Subgenus Epileucon Jones, 1956 Leucon (Epileucon) tenuirostris Sars, 1887 Leucon tenuirostris Sars, 1887: 38̶40, pl. 5, fi gs. 1̶4. Epileucon tenuirostris: Bishop, 1981: 395̶397, fi g. 18. Leucon (Epileucon) tenuirostris: Bacescu, 1988: 171. Material examined. SO07-K2 (1♀), NSMT-Cr 19760. Distribution. North Pacifi c, North Atlantic, Argentina, Angola, northern Japan, 1456̶4980 m. Genus Eudorella Norman, 1867 Eudorella dentata Lomakina, 1955 Eudorella dentata Lomakina, 1955: 120̶122, fi gs. 20̶22; Lomakina 1958: 226̶229, fi g. 145. Material examined. KT07-29-M1 (1 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19761. Distribution. Okhotsk Sea, Bering Sea, Kamtchatka and the Kuriles, Pacifi c coast of northern Honshu, 45̶1041 m. Eudorella emarginata (Kröyer, 1846) Leucon emaginatus Kröyer, 1846: 181, 209, 211, pl. 2, fi g. 3a̶h. Eudorella emarginata: Norman, 1867: 194, 197; Sars, 1900: 36, pl. 27̶28. Material examined. WA06-E1200D (4♀, 1 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19762; WA06-H1500D (1♀, 2 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19763; SO07-O1 (3♂, 3♀, 8 juv.), NSMT-Cr 19764; SO07-K1 (1♂, 1♀, 11 juv., 10 manca), NSMT-Cr 19765; KT07-29-H2 (1♂, 2♀, 34 juv., 17 manca), NSMT-Cr 19766; KT07- 29-M1 (9 manca), NSMT-Cr 19767; KT07-29-M2 (8♂, 9♀, 87 juv., ca.