DOCSLIB.ORG

Copyright by Matthew JK Hill 2015

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Copyright by Matthew JK Hill 2015 Copyright by Matthew JK Hill 2015 The Dissertation Committee for Matthew JK Hill certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Intercolonial Currents: Printing Press and Book Circulation in the Spanish Philippines, 1571-1821 Committee: Kelly McDonough, Co-supervisor César A. Salgado, Co-supervisor Cory A. Reed Madeline Sutherland-Meier Ann Twinam Intercolonial Currents: Printing Press and Book Circulation in the Spanish Philippines, 1571-1821 by Matthew JK Hill, B.A.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2015 Dedication To Alice, Lucas, Eva, Gabriel, and especially Rhonda Acknowledgements Although I wrote the actual words contained in this dissertation, they would never have made it out onto paper without the invaluable support of many people. I first want to recognize my Spanish 611 course from Summer 2014 for being willing to go beyond dull one-page essays to see why learning Spanish is actually important and interesting. Similarly a big thank you goes out to my family and especially my Dad for helping in the downloading and transcription of some of the archival documentation. Thanks a bunch also to Don Miguel and Doña Yolanda for the many fun times and constant support over the course of my education. Most of the material used in the elaboration of this dissertation came from archival research in Mexico City and Manila, and if it were not for a number of perfectly lovely people in those cities my research would have been ten times harder and a thousand times more lonely. I must first thank my Philippine friends, Marilou Idos, currrently of Provo, Utah, and Resurreccion Hisita Ugay and Cathy Pimentel of Manila for helping me to find a comfortable and convenient place to stay while in Manila. Their efforts and concern were much appreciated. Thanks also to the helpful and friendly staff at the Antonio V. Rosario Heritage Library at the University of Santo Tomás, the archivists at the Archdiocesan Archives of Manila, the workers at the National Library of the Philippines, and the Lopez Memorial Library and Museum, for the opportunity to do research in their facilities. A very big “thank you” to Regalado Trota Jose, archivist at UST, for his patience, help, and collaboration in reading my manuscript. I also want to send a very grateful shout-out to my new friend Jorge Mojarro, most recently of Manila, for his correspondence and collaboration over the past year. Not only has he been an excellent sounding board for ideas about the press in Manila but he also provided me with a link to an absolute goldmine of archival data that I had previously been unaware of and which immeasurably v improved the depth and conclusions of Chapter Two. Also many thanks to both Ken Ward of the John Carter Brown Library for his comments and input, and for the collaboration of Ruth de Llobet Franch as I elaborated my arguments. Thanks, Jorge, Ken and Ruth. In Mexico City I want to thank Laura Muñoz at the UNAM for her willingness to share her time and expertise with me, Johanna von Graffenstein of the Instituto Mora for the hot chocolate and the books, and the staff at the Biblioteca Nacional and the Archivo General de la Nación. I especially appreciate the unrestricted access to files at the AGN, for without their open and liberal policy this dissertation would have been much poorer and would probably not have been written. Most importantly, however, is my home away from home, the family and friends I didn’t know I had, the Baqué Pérez de la Vega family: Juan, Rut, Tania, and Carla. Not only did they open their home to an almost complete stranger, but they have become some of the best friends I have ever had. Their kindness, generosity, and love are and will always be deeply appreciated: “He pensado varias veces en metáforas para describir esto lo que te digo: eres como una película perpetua que siempre se está pasando en la pantalla de mi memoria. O como una piedra preciosa que encuentras en la playa que te llevas siempre en el bolsillo, revolviéndola entre tus dedos recordando esos momentos pasados. Eso es lo que eres para mí, y nunca estás lejos de mis pensamientos.” To the many faceless and nameless scanners and digitizers of books at Google Books, the employees of the Biblioteca Nacional de España, and to the employees of the Archivo General de Indias in Seville and the Archivo Histórico Nacional of Madrid via the PARES website, a great collective handshake and thank you for providing so many digital items. Their online repositories gave me access to more texts than would have ever been possible in a non-digital age, and this dissertation is so much the richer for it. vi At the University of Texas I want to thank the E. D. Farmer Fellowship committee, the Carrie Lee Kennedy Fellowship committee, and the Department of Spanish and Portuguese for their financial contributions that allowed me to travel and do research abroad. Also a recognition of the fantastic holdings in the Rare Books section at the Benson Library and the helpful employees there. In the History Department I want to recognize Dr. Ann Twinam for introducing me to the unending, delightful downward spiral into the rabbit hole that is archival research. In the Department of Spanish and Portuguese I want to recognize Laura Rodríguez for her constant help and support, her boundless knowledge, and continual kind words over a period of six years; professors Madeline Sutherland-Meier for her kindness and support; Kelly McDonough for her always good academic and professional advice and her keen reader’s eye; César Salgado for being willing to step in to fill a position on my exam committee without even knowing me and for being an unflinching supporter of this project from the beginning; and to Cory Reed for his long-time help and advice, beginning with his “Other” seminar in Spring 2010. I have always been welcome in his office and appreciate the continued support of my academic work over the past five years. Saving the best for last, I want to thank my kids—Gabriel, Eva, Lucas, and Alice—for putting up with an absentee Dad while I was writing my dissertation. Most importantly, I must thank my wife, Rhonda. Although sometimes people exaggerate when they say, ‘This wouldn’t have been possible without you,’ in her case it is the literal, absolute, unmitigated, and concrete truth. It is because of her constant support of our family and my education that I have been able to finish this project. Her patience, strength, determination, dedication, and love have helped me to overcome moments of despair and to ultimately see this triumph. She has kept me grounded vii and has constantly reminded me of what is most important. Again, although I wrote the words of this dissertation, she made them possible. Thank you, Rhonda. This dissertation is for you. viii Intercolonial Currents: Printing Press and Book Circulation in the Spanish Philippines, 1571-1821 Matthew JK Hill, PhD The University of Texas at Austin, 2015 Supervisors: Kelly McDonough and César A. Salgado Although the printing and circulation of texts in Spanish America are well-documented phenomena, when it comes to the Philippines they have received far less attention. This dissertation addresses the large gap in scholarship in this area by examining press and book circulation activities in Spanish Manila from 1571 to 1821. Drawing on bibliographical and archival data this dissertation provides a macro-perspective on the role of the printing press in the islands, delineates general patterns of book importation into Manila, and exemplifies each of these trends in micro-perspective through case studies. Through these analyses I argue that the printed word had a constant presence from the beginning of the Spanish domination. I contend that the press in the islands, though relatively weak in comparison to the press in other colonial cities, was both relevant and important in the political, social, and historical development of the colony. Furthermore, I demonstrate that books were imported on a regular basis for educational, recreational, and religious use. Through the printed word, whether imported or produced domestically, Manila became the seat of a strong and vibrant intellectual tradition in the European fashion. ix Table of Contents List of Tables ........................................................................................................ xii List of Figures ...................................................................................................... xiii Introduction ..............................................................................................................1 Why books? ....................................................................................................4 The printing press in Manila: a brief introduction ........................................14 Literature review ..................................................................................15 Parameters ............................................................................................19 Origins of the Philippine press, 1593-1636 .........................................23 The Augustinians .................................................................................36 The Jesuits, the Seminario, and the Franciscans: 1636-1813 ..............42 Chapter 1 Profile of the Manila Press ...................................................................49
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Spanish Heritage.Pages
    Heritage in Micronesia SPANISH PROGRAM FOR CULTURAL COOPERATION with the collaboration of the GUAM PRESERVATION TRUST and the HISTORIC RESOURCES DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Spanish Spanish Program for Cultural Cooperation Conference Spanish Heritage in Micronesia Inventory and Assessment October 16, 2008 Hyatt Regency, Tumon Guam Spanish Program for Cultural Cooperation with the collaboration of the Guam Preservation Trust and the Historic Resources Division, Guam Department of Parks and Recreation Table of Contents Spanish Heritage in Micronesia: Inventory and Assessment 1 By Judith S. Flores, PhD Spanish Heritage Resources In The Mariana Islands 5 By Judith S. Flores, PhD The Archaeology of Spanish Period, Guam 11 By John A. Peterson Inventory and Assessment of Spanish Tangible Heritage in the Federated States of Micronesia 32 By Rufino Mauricio Heritage Preservation And Sustainability: Technical Recommendations And Community Participation 44 By Maria Lourdes Joy Martinez-Onozawa Historic Inalahan Field Workshop 52 By Judith S. Flores, PhD Spanish Heritage in Palau 61 By Filly Carabit and Errolflynn Kloulechad Spanish Heritage in Micronesia: Inventory and Assessment Introduction By Judith S. Flores, PhD President, Historic Inalahan Foundation, Inc. The second in a series of conferences funded by the Spanish Program for Cultural Cooperation (SPCC) opened in the Hyatt-Regency in Tumon, Guam on October 16, 2008. The first conference sponsored by SPCC was held the previous year in Guam on Nov. 14-15, 2007, entitled “Stonework Heritage in Micronesia”, organized by the Guam Preservation Trust. It brought together and introduced technical experts in Spanish stonework and Spanish heritage architects to a gathering of historic preservation officials and scholars who live and work in Guam and Micronesia.
    [Show full text]
  • Lord Lyon King of Arms
    VI. E FEUDAE BOBETH TH F O LS BABONAG F SCOTLANDO E . BY THOMAS INNES OP LEABNEY AND KINNAIRDY, F.S.A.ScoT., LORD LYON KIN ARMSF GO . Read October 27, 1945. The Baronage is an Order derived partly from the allodial system of territorial tribalis whicn mi patriarce hth h hel s countrydhi "under God", d partlan y froe latemth r feudal system—whic e shale wasw hse n li , Western Europe at any rate, itself a developed form of tribalism—in which the territory came to be held "of and under" the King (i.e. "head of the kindred") in an organised parental realm. The robes and insignia of the Baronage will be found to trace back to both these forms of tenure, which first require some examination from angle t usuallno s y co-ordinatedf i , the later insignia (not to add, the writer thinks, some of even the earlier understoode symbolsb o t e )ar . Feudalism has aptly been described as "the development, the extension organisatione th y sa y e Family",o familyth fma e oe th f on n r i upon,2o d an Scotlandrelationn i Land;e d th , an to fundamentall o s , tribaa y l country, wher e predominanth e t influences have consistently been Tribality and Inheritance,3 the feudal system was immensely popular, took root as a means of consolidating and preserving the earlier clannish institutions,4 e clan-systeth d an m itself was s modera , n historian recognisew no s t no , only closely intermingled with feudalism, but that clan-system was "feudal in the strictly historical sense".5 1 Stavanger Museums Aarshefle, 1016.
    [Show full text]
  • Priestly Formation in the Asian Contexts
    173 ❚Special Issues❚ □ Priestly Formation in the Asian Contexts Priestly Formation in the Asian Contexts: Application of the Church’s Teachings to the Philippine Church and Society* 1 Fr. Rodel E. Aligan, O.P. 〔Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, Philippines〕 A. The Philippine Situation as a Catholic Nation 1. Evangelization Context 2. Socio-Cultural Context 3. Economic and Political Context 4. The Present Situation of the Catholic Church in the Philippines B. Priestly Formation in the Philippine Context: Application of the Church Teachings to Philippine Church and Society 1. Circumstances of Present-Day Asia 2. Priesthood in the Asian Contexts 3. Priesthood in the Philippine Context 4. The Vision-Mission Statement of the Church in the Philippines 5. Nine Pastoral Priorities of the Church in the Philippines in the Light of PCP II and the National Pastoral Consultation on Church Renewal 6. New Pastoral Priorities of the Church in the Light of the New Evangelization in the Philippines 7. The Implications of the Pastoral Priorities to Priestly Formation in the Philippines 8. The Role of Inculturation on Filipino Priestly Formation *1이 글은 2015년 ‘재단법인 신학과사상’의 연구비 지원을 받아 연구·작성된 논문임. 174 Priestly Formation in the Asian Contexts More than twenty years ago the Philippine Church held the Second Plenary Council of the Philippines on January 20-February 17, 1991, the first being held 38 years ago (1953). It was to take a stock of where the Philippine Church was; to look at where it was going; to reanimate its life in Jesus Christ; and to unite all things in Him.1 During its conclusion after four weeks of discerning it was hoped to be another Pentecost; Christ descending upon the Filipino people, going forth spirited to renew the face of the world ― the Filipinos world first, and through this little world, the wider world of Asia and beyond, giving of ourselves unto the renewal and unity of God’s creation.2 PCP II in the Spirit has looked back in wonder over the Filipinos’ journey as a Christian nation.
    [Show full text]
  • Military History Anniversaries 01 Thru 14 Feb
    Military History Anniversaries 01 thru 14 Feb Events in History over the next 14 day period that had U.S. military involvement or impacted in some way on U.S military operations or American interests Feb 01 1781 – American Revolutionary War: Davidson College Namesake Killed at Cowan’s Ford » American Brigadier General William Lee Davidson dies in combat attempting to prevent General Charles Cornwallis’ army from crossing the Catawba River in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. Davidson’s North Carolina militia, numbering between 600 and 800 men, set up camp on the far side of the river, hoping to thwart or at least slow Cornwallis’ crossing. The Patriots stayed back from the banks of the river in order to prevent Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tartleton’s forces from fording the river at a different point and surprising the Patriots with a rear attack. At 1 a.m., Cornwallis began to move his troops toward the ford; by daybreak, they were crossing in a double-pronged formation–one prong for horses, the other for wagons. The noise of the rough crossing, during which the horses were forced to plunge in over their heads in the storm-swollen stream, woke the sleeping Patriot guard. The Patriots fired upon the Britons as they crossed and received heavy fire in return. Almost immediately upon his arrival at the river bank, General Davidson took a rifle ball to the heart and fell from his horse; his soaked corpse was found late that evening. Although Cornwallis’ troops took heavy casualties, the combat did little to slow their progress north toward Virginia.
    [Show full text]
  • Colonial Contractions: the Making of the Modern Philippines, 1565–1946
    Colonial Contractions: The Making of the Modern Philippines, 1565–1946 Colonial Contractions: The Making of the Modern Philippines, 1565–1946 Vicente L. Rafael Subject: Southeast Asia, Philippines, World/Global/Transnational Online Publication Date: Jun 2018 DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190277727.013.268 Summary and Keywords The origins of the Philippine nation-state can be traced to the overlapping histories of three empires that swept onto its shores: the Spanish, the North American, and the Japanese. This history makes the Philippines a kind of imperial artifact. Like all nation- states, it is an ineluctable part of a global order governed by a set of shifting power rela­ tionships. Such shifts have included not just regime change but also social revolution. The modernity of the modern Philippines is precisely the effect of the contradictory dynamic of imperialism. The Spanish, the North American, and the Japanese colonial regimes, as well as their postcolonial heir, the Republic, have sought to establish power over social life, yet found themselves undermined and overcome by the new kinds of lives they had spawned. It is precisely this dialectical movement of empires that we find starkly illumi­ nated in the history of the Philippines. Keywords: Philippines, colonialism, empire, Spain, United States, Japan The origins of the modern Philippine nation-state can be traced to the overlapping histo­ ries of three empires: Spain, the United States, and Japan. This background makes the Philippines a kind of imperial artifact. Like all nation-states, it is an ineluctable part of a global order governed by a set of shifting power relationships.
    [Show full text]
  • Music in the Heart of Manila: Quiapo from the Colonial Period to Contemporary Times: Tradition, Change, Continuity Ma
    Music in The Heart of Manila: Quiapo from the Colonial Period to Contemporary Times: Tradition, Change, Continuity Ma. Patricia Brillantes-Silvestre A brief history of Quiapo Quiapo is a key district of Manila, having as its boundaries the winding Pasig River and the districts of Sta. Cruz, San Miguel and Sampaloc. Its name comes from a floating water lily specie called kiyapo (Pistia stratiotes), with thick, light-green leaves, similar to a tiny, open cabbage. Pre-1800 maps of Manila show Quiapo as originally a cluster of islands with swampy lands and shallow waters (Andrade 2006, 40 in Zialcita), the perfect breeding place for the plant that gave its name to the district. Quiapo’s recorded history began in 1578 with the arrival of the Franciscans who established their main missionary headquarters in nearby Sta. Ana (Andrade 42), taking Quiapo, then a poor fishing village, into its sheepfold. They founded Quiapo Church and declared its parish as that of St. John the Baptist. The Jesuits arrived in 1581, and the discalced Augustinians in 1622 founded a chapel in honor of San Sebastian, at the site where the present Gothic-style basilica now stands. At about this time there were around 30,000 Chinese living in Manila and its surrounding areas, but the number swiftly increased due to the galleon trade, which brought in Mexican currency in exchange for Chinese silk and other products (Wickberg 1965). The Chinese, noted for their business acumen, had begun to settle in the district when Manila’s business center shifted there in the early 1900s (originally from the Parian/Chinese ghetto beside Intramuros in the 1500s, to Binondo in the 1850s, to Sta.Cruz at the turn of the century).
    [Show full text]
  • The Heraldry Ofspatx and Portugal
    ^ 49 THE HERALDRY OF SPATX AND PORTUGAL. By the Rev. JOHN WOODWARD, F.S.A,, Scot. ^lore than half a century has elapsed since Mr. Ford commenced in the pages of the ' Quarterly Review,' tlie publication of his interesting papers on Spanish matters. In them the art, the literature, the architec- ture, and the amusements of tlie great Peninsular kingdom were passed in relating.'^ review, and made the subjects of most valuable papers ; which, to a country, slower to change than almost any in Europe, and, moreover, lying somewhat out of the beaten track of ordinary travel, are still a storehouse of information on Cosas de Espana which no one who visits Spain, or writes on its affairs, would be wise to overlook. Among those papers is one published in 1838, upon " Spanish Genealogy and Heraldry,"- whicli is so full of interesting matter that many of the readers of tue Genealogist may be thankful to be informed or reminded of its existence, although fifty years have passed since its publication. The paper is one, moreover, which is of interest as being * one of tlie very few to whicli the editors of the Quarterly Review ' have permitted the introduction of illustrative woodcuts. These are, indeed, only seven in number, and they are not particularly well chosen, or well executed ; the reader will find remarks on some of them before the close of this paper. It is the purpose of the present writer to deal only with the second- named of the subjects of ]\Ir. Ford's article, and to leave its curious information with regard to Spanish Genealogies for treatment on some future occasion.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Colonial History Four of Seven
    Early Colonial History Four of Seven Marianas History Conference Early Colonial History Guampedia.com This publication was produced by the Guampedia Foundation ⓒ2012 Guampedia Foundation, Inc. UOG Station Mangilao, Guam 96923 www.guampedia.com Table of Contents Early Colonial History Windfalls in Micronesia: Carolinians' environmental history in the Marianas ...................................................................................................1 By Rebecca Hofmann “Casa Real”: A Lost Church On Guam* .................................................13 By Andrea Jalandoni Magellan and San Vitores: Heroes or Madmen? ....................................25 By Donald Shuster, PhD Traditional Chamorro Farming Innovations during the Spanish and Philippine Contact Period on Northern Guam* ....................................31 By Boyd Dixon and Richard Schaefer and Todd McCurdy Islands in the Stream of Empire: Spain’s ‘Reformed’ Imperial Policy and the First Proposals to Colonize the Mariana Islands, 1565-1569 ....41 By Frank Quimby José de Quiroga y Losada: Conquest of the Marianas ...........................63 By Nicholas Goetzfridt, PhD. 19th Century Society in Agaña: Don Francisco Tudela, 1805-1856, Sargento Mayor of the Mariana Islands’ Garrison, 1841-1847, Retired on Guam, 1848-1856 ...............................................................................83 By Omaira Brunal-Perry Windfalls in Micronesia: Carolinians' environmental history in the Marianas By Rebecca Hofmann Research fellow in the project: 'Climates of Migration:
    [Show full text]
  • Cebu 1(Mun to City)
    TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of Cebu Province i Map of Cebu City ii - iii Map of Mactan Island iv Map of Cebu v A. Overview I. Brief History................................................................... 1 - 2 II. Geography...................................................................... 3 III. Topography..................................................................... 3 IV. Climate........................................................................... 3 V. Population....................................................................... 3 VI. Dialect............................................................................. 4 VII. Political Subdivision: Cebu Province........................................................... 4 - 8 Cebu City ................................................................. 8 - 9 Bogo City.................................................................. 9 - 10 Carcar City............................................................... 10 - 11 Danao City................................................................ 11 - 12 Lapu-lapu City........................................................... 13 - 14 Mandaue City............................................................ 14 - 15 City of Naga............................................................. 15 Talisay City............................................................... 16 Toledo City................................................................. 16 - 17 B. Tourist Attractions I. Historical........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • O. Van Den Muijzenberg Philippine-Dutch Social Relations, 1600-2000 In: Bijdragen Tot De Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde, the Philip
    O. van den Muijzenberg Philippine-Dutch social relations, 1600-2000 In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, The PhilippinesHistorical and social studies 157 (2001), no: 3, Leiden, 471-509 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com10/04/2021 12:31:34PM via free access OTTO VAN DEN MUIJZENBERG Philippine-Dutch Social Relations 1600-2000 Few historians have focused their research on Dutch-Philippine, relations, and the few important exceptions - like N.A. Bootsma, Ruurdje Laarhoven, M.P.H. Roessingh and Fr. P. Schreurs, MSC - have confined themselves to small regions or periods. The recent commemoration of the first Dutch cir- cumnavigation of the globe by Olivier van Noort demonstrated the lack of an up-to-date overview of the ups and downs in Dutch-Philippine relations in the course of the past four centuries. This may not seem surprising, consider- ing the absence of a history of intense, continuous contact. The two sides started with a drawn-out contest, followed by nearly three centuries of little connection, and only fifty years of significant flows of trade, people, trans- port and information. The year 1600 was a remarkable one for the emerging Dutch nation, which had been fighting for its independence from Spain since 1568. A major battle was won at Nieuwpoort, while in Asia two small fleets ventured beyond Java, then newly 'discovered' by Cornelis de Houtman (1595-96). The expedition of the Liefde (Love) resulted in long-lasting trade relations with Japan, with the Dutch obtaining an import and export monopoly through their factory at Deshima.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomé Gaspar De León and the Making of Manila's Intra-Asian
    Vegueta. Anuario de la Facultad de Geografía e Historia 20, 2020, 189-215 eISSN: 2341-1112 The Loyal Foreign Merchant Captain: Thomé Gaspar de León and the Making of Manila’s Intra-Asian Connections El leal capitán mercante extranjero: Tomé Gaspar de León y la construcción de las conexiones intra-asiáticas de Manila Kristie Patricia Flannery* The University of British Columbia Department of History https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9087-3048 [email protected] Guillermo Ruiz-Stovel University of California, Los Angeles Department of History https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6873-8704 [email protected] Recibido: 29/01/2019; Revisado: 26/07/2019; Aceptado: 31/07/2019 Abstract This article presents a micro-historical analysis of the life of Thomé Gaspar de León, the South Indian-born Christian who became one of the most successful merchants in Manila’s intra-Asian trade, and one of the most trusted agents of the Hispanic monarchy in Asia in the mid-eighteenth century. Combining methodologies of social and economic history, this study provides new insight into patterns of empire-building in maritime Southeast Asia and the Pacific. It highlights Manila’s previously neglected role as an intra-Asian trading hub and reveals how its commercial connections to Batavia, Macao, and other regional port cities, forged by men like Gaspar de León, ultimately strengthened Spain’s Asian empire. Keywords: Philippines, Intra-Asian Trade, Iberian Asia, Agent of Empire, Social Network Analysis. Resumen Ésta es una aproximación microhistórica a la vida de Tomé Gaspar de León, un cristiano nativo del sur de la India, quien a mediados del siglo XVIII se convertiría en uno de los más exitosos comerciantes intraasiáticos de Manila, así como uno de los más confiados agentes de la monarquía española en Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nineteenth-Century Thomist from the Far East:
    The Nineteenth-Century Thomist from theF ar East: Cardinal Zeferino González, OP (1831–1894) Levine Andro H. Lao1 Center for Theology, Religious Studies and Ethics University of Santo Tomás, Manila, Philippines Abstract: In light of the celebration of the five centuries of Christianity in the Philippines, this article hopes to reintroduce Fr. Zeferino González, OP, to scholars of Church history, philosophy, and cultural heritage. He was an alumnus of the University of Santo Tomás, a Cardinal, and a champion of the revival of Catholic Philosophy that led to the promulgation of Leo XIII’s encyclical Aeterni Patris. Specifically, this essay presents, firstly, the Cardinal’s biography in the context of his experience as a missionary in the Philippines; secondly, the intellectual tradition in Santo Tomás in Manila, which he carried with him until his death; and lastly, some reasons for his once-radiant memory to slip into an undeserved forgetfulness. Keywords: Zeferino González, Thomism in Asia, Aeterni Patris, Christian Philosophy, History of Philosophy n the 1880s, the University of Santo Tomás had two grand celebrations that were associated with Fr. Zeferino González, OP (1831–1894). The first pompous festivity was held in 1880 when the University received Pope Leo XIII’s encyclical Aeterni Patris;2 the second was when Fray Zeferino (as how I1 Levine Andro Hernandez Lao can be contacted at [email protected]. He teaches at the Ecclesiastical Faculty of Philosophy, University of Santo Tomas, Manila. https://orcid.org/0000- 0002-1136-2432. This study was funded by the 2020 National Research Award given by the National Commission for Culture and Arts (Philippines).
    [Show full text]