DOCSLIB.ORG

The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803 Accessions Shelf ^o. if.ri FRl&M THE |f htUti& JMnnit /^ '^a/^ 'immmasmfHitimm CAUTION Do not write in this book or mark it with pen or pencil. Penalties are imposed by the Revised Laws of the Commonwealth of Mas- sachusetts, Chapter 208, Section 83. B.P.L. FORM NO. 609; 6.24.26; 400H. '..miiBSitnmwjmimii' The PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 1493-1898 Explorations by Early Navigators, Descriptions of the Islands and their Peoples, their History and Records of the Catholic Missions, as related in contemporaneous Books and Manuscripts, showing the Political, Eco- nomic, Commercial and Religious Conditions of those Islands from their earliest relations with European Nations to the close of the Nineteenth Century TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINALS Edited and annotated by Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson, with historical intro- duction and additional notes by Edward Gaylord Bourne. With maps, portraits and other illustrations Volume XXXVII—166(^-1676 The Arthur H. Clark Company Cleveland, Ohio MCMVI no<* '.? CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXXVII Preface 9 Miscellaneous Documents, 1669- 1676 Events in Filipinas, 1668. [Unsigned; Francisco de Figueroa?] ; Manila, Jan- uary 15, 1669 23 The Dominicans in the Philippines, 1641- 69. Baltasar de Santa Cruz, O.P. ; 1676. [From his Historia.'] . .64 The Augustinians in the Philippines, 1641- 70. Casimiro Diaz, O.S.A. ; Manila, 1718. [From his Conquistas.^ . 149 Manila and the Philippines about 1650 (to be concluded) . Domingo Fernandez Navarrete, O.P. ; Madrid, 1676. [From his Tratados historicos.~\ . 285 Bibliographical Data 307 ILLUSTRATIONS Map of the Philippine Islands, showing prov- ince of the Order of the Hermits of St. Au- gustine; photographic facsimile of engraving in Lubin's Orbis Augustinianus. ordinis eremitarum Sancti Augustini (Paris, 1639), map 37; from copy in Library of Congress. 147 Plan of Manila Cathedral prior to 1750; photo- graphic facsimile from original manuscript in Archivo general de Indias, Sevilla. 201 Plan of Manila Cathedral, showing the new structure building in 1754; photographic facsimile from original manuscript in Ar- chivo general de Indias, Sevilla. 205 Digitized by tine Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Boston Public Library http://www.archive.org/details/philippineisland37blai PREFACE Most of this volume is occupied with accounts of the Dominican and Augustinian missions in the islands during the period 1641-70; they are enabled to maintain fairly flourishing activities by the aid of new reenforcements. These chronicles also contain, as usual, much interesting secular information; the most important occurrences in the secular affairs of the islands are the ri§e and fall of Governor Fa- jardo's favorite Venegas, and the arrest of Governor Diego Salcedo by the Inquisition (at the instance of Auditor Bonifaz, who then usurps the govern- ment). The latter incident is related in detail by a Spanish officer imprisoned by the usurper. A document of especial human interest is a letter (January 15, 1669) written from the dungeons of Fort Santiago in Manila, by an unnamed officer im- prisoned therein by the usurping auditor Bonifaz. He relates in full the arrest (1668) of Governor Diego de Salcedo by the commissary of the Inquisi- tion, the usurpation of the government of the islands by Bonifaz, and the imprisonment of him- self and other loyalists on suspicion of attempting to rescue the governor from durance. The attitude of the writer is unusual, for at the outset he announces his gratitude and loyalty to his patron, Salcedo's lO THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS [Vol.37 predecessor, Manrique de Lara, then under charges - from which he was later acquitted - in his resi- dencia; and he speaks of Salcedo without any blame or resentment, although the governor had deprived him of his military command. This document is freely annotated from another contemporary ac- count, long and diffuse ; the two cast much light on political and religious affairs in Manila at the time, especially on the possibilities for evil embodied in the Inquisition. Extracts from Santa Cruz's Historia (Zaragoga, 1693) cover the history of the Dominican order in the Philippines for 1641-69. Fray Francisco de Paula is elected provincial in 1641, at which time the order has barely enough religious to fill its act- ual ministries - a lack which is afterward supplied as an answer to prayer. The location of the Parian is changed, in 1640; and the entire quarter is de- stroyed by fire, two years later. In 1644 Diego de Fajardo comes to the islands as governor - under whom they "tasted all sorts of government." The chief events of his term of office are recounted, and the more important transactions of the Dominican chapter-sessions of 1647 and 1650. In the former year dies the aged provincial, Fray Domingo Gon- zalez; he is succeeded by Fray Carlos Gant. In 1648 a patache reaches the islands in safety, although it has to be burned, immediately after unlading, to save it from the Dutch ; but those enemies thereupon leave the islands, which they have not since infested. This vessel also brings a reenforcement of thirty Dominican religious, which greatly encourages the missionaries; and various ecclesiastical favors and concessions. Santa Cruz recounts the more import- 1669-1676] PREFACE II ant acts of the provincial chapter-session of 1650, and furnishes biographical sketches of many Do- minican missionaries in the islands. He then pro- ceeds to relate the arrest and death of Fajardo's quondam favorite Venegas. In 1652 Fray Pedro de Ledo becomes provincial; at this same chapter-session is formally announced the erection of Santo Tomas college into a univer- sity; and the mission of Ituy is more fully organized. The savage mountaineers of that region are well de- scribed by our author; their conversion is a difficult matter. In 1653 distinguished personages arrive at Manila, including Governor Manrique de Lara and Archbishop Poblete. The Dominican chapter enact that every lecturer in their university must know at least one of the native languages. In 1654 attempt is made, but fruitlessly, to send a mission to Japan; finally, five missionaries succeed in reaching China, where they labor zealously to convert the heathen. The provincial chosen in 1656 is Fray Jacinto Gali, but he dies soon afterward, while visit- ing Cagayan; his place is taken by Fray Lucas Montanero. On August 20, 1658, occurs an earth- quake, itself more severe than that of 1645, but its succeeding shocks being lighter. The Dominican convent is badly injured, and the friars with diffi- culty find lodgings. A large reenforcement of missionaries arrives in this same year. At the chap- ter-session of 1659, the Dominicans refuse to permit their missionaries in China to accept offering of lands, fearing that the Chinese may regard them as actuated by selfish motives. At that of 1661, Fray Felipe Pardo (afterward famous as commissary of the Inquisition and as archbishop of Manila) is 12 THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS [VqL 37 elected provincial. Two years later, arrangements are made for printing a ritual for use by the mis- sionaries of the order. In the same year (1663) Salcedo arrives at Manila as governor; his career is briefly reviewed. The provincial elected in 1665 is Fray Juan de los Angeles ; and in the following year thirty-nine more Dominicans join their brethren in Filipinas. The ship which brings them is detained by bad weather on the coast of Samar, where a Jesuit missionary shows them all most generous hospitality, refusing any compensation. A letter from the head of the Dominican order to Morales is reproduced. In 1667 Archbishop Poblete dies at Manila, after fourteen years' service. In that year the intermediary chapter-session is held, at which measures are taken to restrain the members of the order from unauthorized interference with, or cen- sure of, the civil government. Two more Domini- cans arrive from Mexico in 1668, and the remark- able escape of one of them, with several other Spaniards, from death by shipwreck is related. Several friars proceed, amid great difficulties, to the Chinese missions. The Dominicans are laboring among the Zambales, many of whom become Christians and settle in mission villages; and they hope that they may soon do the same for the heathen Irrayas. An account of the Augustinian friars in the Philippines for 1641-70 is furnished by Casimiro Diaz in his Conquistas. At the chapter-session of 1641, Fray Geronimo de Medrano is elected pro- vincial. Soon afterward. Archbishop Guerrero dies; a sketch of his life and character is presented by Diaz. Three years later, Medrano is succeeded by 1 669-1676] PREFACE 13 Fray Alonso Carvajal; and Diego Fajardo comes as governor of the islands, his personal and official character being outlined by our writer. The threats of the Dutch, and their conquest of Hermosa, fill the Spaniards with great anxiety. Unfortunately, Fajardo is dominated by the influence of a favorite, Venegas, to which very ill results are attributed. The peace made with the Moros is only temporary; for when they see the Spaniards so harried by the Dutch they again infest the Visayas. The Acapulco galleons arrive safely, although the Dutch ships lie in wait for them. One of them carries the new arch- bishop of Manila, who dies just before reaching the islands. In 1647 the Augustinians choose Fray Diego de Ordas as their provincial. Soon after- ward, they decide to establish in Mexico a hospice for their religious who must halt there on their journey from Spain to the Philippines.^ In this same year the Dutch finally cease to molest those islands; and in Jolo they are, although favored by the natives, unable to dislodge the Spaniards. They are also foiled in an attack on Zamboanga. An Augustinian friar is killed by the Negritos, of which people Diaz gives an interesting description; this murder is afterward avenged by Heaven, all con- cerned in it becoming lepers.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Yoshihisa Yamamoto* Scholasticism in Early Modern Japan
    SCHOLASTICISM IN EARLY MODERN JAPAN Yoshihisa Yamamoto* Scholasticism in Early Modern Japan Abstract: In this article, the infl uence of Western scholasticism to Japan in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is portrayed in detail. The overview of the Japanese Christian literature is provided in the fi rst half of the article. The introduction of Christianity and scholasticism generated much tension between Western thought and traditional Japanese thought such as Buddhism, Shintoism and Confucianism. The structure of the dialogue between Western Christian culture and Japanese culture is analyzed in the latter half of the article by comparing the thought of Alessandro Valignano and Fabian Fukansai. The meeting of two cultures during the Christian Century in Japan gave rise to serious philosophical and theological problems which persist even until today. Keywords: Japanese Scholasticism, Christian Century in Japan, Jesuit Mission Press, Dialogue of Cultures, Alessandro Valignano, Francisco Xavier, Luis de Granada, Pedro Gómez, Fabian Fukansai. Resumo: Neste artigo, oferece-se um quadro detalhado da infl uência da escolástica ocidental no Japão, nos séculos 16 e 17. A visão perspectiva da literatura cristã japonesa é trazida na primeira metade do artigo. A introdução do cristianismo e da escolástica geraram grande tensão entre o pensamento ocidental e o pensamento japonês tradicional, representado por correntes como o budismo, o xintoísmo e o confucionismo. A estrutura dos diálogos entre a cultura cristã ocidental e a cultura japonesa é analisada na segunda parte do artigo, comparando-se o pensamento de Alessandro Valignano e * Associate Professor, Department of Advanced Social and International Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of the University of Tokyo; 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan.
    [Show full text]
  • O. Van Den Muijzenberg Philippine-Dutch Social Relations, 1600-2000 In: Bijdragen Tot De Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde, the Philip
    O. van den Muijzenberg Philippine-Dutch social relations, 1600-2000 In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, The PhilippinesHistorical and social studies 157 (2001), no: 3, Leiden, 471-509 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com10/04/2021 12:31:34PM via free access OTTO VAN DEN MUIJZENBERG Philippine-Dutch Social Relations 1600-2000 Few historians have focused their research on Dutch-Philippine, relations, and the few important exceptions - like N.A. Bootsma, Ruurdje Laarhoven, M.P.H. Roessingh and Fr. P. Schreurs, MSC - have confined themselves to small regions or periods. The recent commemoration of the first Dutch cir- cumnavigation of the globe by Olivier van Noort demonstrated the lack of an up-to-date overview of the ups and downs in Dutch-Philippine relations in the course of the past four centuries. This may not seem surprising, consider- ing the absence of a history of intense, continuous contact. The two sides started with a drawn-out contest, followed by nearly three centuries of little connection, and only fifty years of significant flows of trade, people, trans- port and information. The year 1600 was a remarkable one for the emerging Dutch nation, which had been fighting for its independence from Spain since 1568. A major battle was won at Nieuwpoort, while in Asia two small fleets ventured beyond Java, then newly 'discovered' by Cornelis de Houtman (1595-96). The expedition of the Liefde (Love) resulted in long-lasting trade relations with Japan, with the Dutch obtaining an import and export monopoly through their factory at Deshima.
    [Show full text]
  • Dutch Relations with the Philippines: a Survey of Sources in the General State Archives, the Hague, Netherlands
    DUTCH RELATIONS WITH THE PHILIPPINES: A SURVEY OF SOURCES IN THE GENERAL STATE ARCHIVES, THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS M. P. H. ROESSINGH Introduction FEW ASIAN COUNTRIES CAN BOAST OF A SOURCE PUBLICA- tion comparable with The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, as regards the wide scope of the work and the minuteness of its annotations. 1 Not only printed sources we find here in an English translation, but also a great number of documents selected from Spanish and other archives. Vol. 53, "Bibliography", contains surveys of manuscripts, partly pu- blished in the foregoing volumes, and also an enumeration of the diverse archives and libraries which hold important documentary material. Dutch institutions have not been studied for this purpose, but there are some re- marks about the location of material in the Netherlands. Under "Other European Collections" we read: "A letter from the Director of the Nether- lands archives at the Hague reports that there is no distinctive section of the archives devoted to the Philippine MSS. Most of the papers are written in the Dutch language, and many treat of the Dutch expeditions to the Orient and the Dutch Oriental possessions. It is quite probable that many MS'I oc the Eac;t Indies contain references to the Philippines." 2 Indeed the archives of the United East Indies Company are very rich in documents relating to the Philippines, but these are hidden for the most part between papers treating the Dutch East Indies proper. For the period up to 1800 the collection of foreign maps is also interesting, whereas the archives of the Ministries of the Colonies and of Foreign Affairs from the period of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (1813- ..
    [Show full text]
  • Illustrated and Descriptive Catalogue and Price List of Stereopticons
    —. ; I, £3,v; and Descriptive , Illustrated ;w j CATALOGUE AND PRICE LIST- t&fs — r~* yv4 • .'../-.it *.•:.< : .. 4^. ; • ’• • • wjv* r,.^ N •’«* - . of . - VJ r .. « 7 **: „ S ; \ 1 ’ ; «•»'•: V. .c; ^ . \sK? *• .* Stereopticons . * ' «». .. • ” J- r . .. itzsg' Lantern Slides 1 -f ~ Accessories for Projection Stereopticon and Film Exchange W. B. MOORE, Manager. j. :rnu J ; 104 to no Franlclin Street ‘ Washington . (Cor. CHICAGO INDEX TO LANTERNS, ETC. FOR INDEX TO SLIDES SEE INDEX AT CLOSE OF CATALOGUE. Page Acetylene Dissolver 28 Champion Lantern 3g to 42 “ Gas 60 Check Valve S3 •* 1 • .• Gas Burner.... ; 19 Chemicals, Oxygen 74, 81 ** < .' I j Gas Generator.. ; 61 to 66 Chirograph 136 “ Gas Generator, Perfection to 66 64 Chlorate of Potash, tee Oxygen Chemicals 74 Adapter from to sire lenses, see Chromatrope.... 164 Miscellaneous....... 174 Cloak, How Made 151 Advertising Slides, Blank, see Miscellaneous.. 174 ** Slides 38010,387 " Slides 144 Color Slides or Tinters .^140 “ Slides, Ink for Writing, see Colored Films 297 Miscellaneous, 174 Coloring Films 134 “ Posters * *...153 " Slides Alcohol Vapor Mantle Light 20A v 147 Combined Check or Safety Valve 83 Alternating.Carbons, Special... 139 Comic and Mysterious Films 155 Allen Universal Focusing Lens 124, 125 Comparison of Portable Gas Outfits 93, 94 America, Wonders cf Description, 148 “Condensing Lens 128 Amet's Oro-Carbi Light 86 to 92, 94 " Lens Mounting 128 •Ancient Costumes ....! 131 Connections, Electric Lamp and Rheostat... 96, 97 Approximate Length of Focus 123 " Electric Stage 139 Arc Lamp 13 to 16 Costumes 130 to 152, 380 to 3S7 ** Lamp and Rheostat, How to Connect 96 Cover Glasses, see Miscellaneous ,....174 Arnold's Improved Calcium Light Outfit.
    [Show full text]
  • From Your Belly Flow Song-Flowers: Mexica Voicings in Colonial New Spain (Toward a Culturally-Informed Voice Theory and Practice)
    FROM YOUR BELLY FLOW SONG-FLOWERS: MEXICA VOICINGS IN COLONIAL NEW SPAIN (TOWARD A CULTURALLY-INFORMED VOICE THEORY AND PRACTICE) by BETHANY MARIE BATTAFARANO A THESIS Presented to the School of Music and Dance and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Arts March 2021 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Bethany Marie Battafarano Title: From Your Belly Flow Song-flowers: Mexica Voicings in Colonial New Spain (Toward a Culturally-informed Voice Theory and Practice) This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the Master of Arts degree in the Department of Musicology by: Ed Wolf Chair Lori Kruckenberg Member Drew Nobile Member And Kate Mondloch Interim Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded March 2021. ii © 2021 Bethany Marie Battafarano This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (United States) License. iii THESIS ABSTRACT Bethany Marie Battafarano Master of Arts School of Music and Dance March 2021 Title: From Your Belly Flow Song-flowers: Mexica Voicings in Colonial New Spain (Toward a Culturally-informed Voice Theory and Practice) In colonial New Spain, Indigenous peoples sang, played, and composed in western European musical styles, and Spanish composers incorporated Indigenous instruments, rhythms, and languages into their compositions. However, modern vocalists in the United States often overlook or misrepresent Indigenous features in performances of New Spanish repertoire. Vocalists typically must make choices about vocal techniques alone and, largely for lack of resources, in uninformed ways.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecce Mater Tua Vol. 1
    Ecce Mater Tua A Journal of Mariology VOL. 1 January 1, 2018 Solemnity of Mary the Mother of God Editorial Board Editor Dr. Mark Miravalle, S.T.D. Franciscan University of Steubenville, Ohio Associate Editor Mr. Kevin Clarke, Ph.D. (cand.) Ave Maria University, Florida Advisory Board Msgr. Arthur Calkins, S.T.D. Vatican Ecclesia Dei, Emeritus Fr. Giles Dimock, O.P., S.T.D. Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum), Emeritus Robert Fastiggi, S.T.D. Sacred Heart Major Seminary, Michigan Fr. Peter D. Fehlner, O.F.M. Conv. Ellicott City, Maryland Dr. Luis Bejar Fuentes Independent Editor and Journalist Mr. Daniel Garland, Jr., Ph.D. (cand.) Institute for Catholic Culture Scott Hahn, Ph.D. Franciscan University of Steubenville, Ohio Dr. Stephen Miletic Franciscan University of Steubenville, Ohio Christopher Malloy, Ph.D. University of Dallas, Texas John-Mark Miravalle, S.T.D. Mount St. Mary’s Seminary, Maryland Petroc Willey, Ph.D. Franciscan University of Steubenville, Ohio ii Ecce Mater Tua iii Ecce Mater Tua: A Journal of Mariology ISSN: 2573-5799 Instructions for Authors: To submit a paper for consideration, please first make sure that all personal references are stripped from the text and file properties, then email the document in Microsoft Word format (.doc or .docx) or in rich-text format (.rtf) to [email protected]. To ensure a smooth editorial process, please include a 250-350 word abstract at the beginning of the article, and be sure that formatting follows Chicago style. Ecce Mater Tua practices blind review. Submissions are evaluated anonymously by members of the editorial board and other scholars with appropriate expertise.
    [Show full text]
  • Manuel De Sumaya
    Craig H. Russell MANUEL DE SUMAVA: Reexamining the a Cappella Choral Music of a Mexican Master In 1710 the deteriorating eyesight of chapelmaster Antonio de Salazar necessitated that he find an assistant to help with his musical obligations and teaching duties at the Mexico City Cathedral and the Public School (Escoleta Publica). Overriding a seniority system that would have placed Francisco de Atienza y Pineda as his right-hand man, Salazar chose as his assistant his own aspiring pupil, Manuel de Sumaya. 1 Instead of 1 I would like to express my deepest thanks to Robert Snow for having sent me facsimiles of the pieces discussed in this article years ago when I first developed an interest in Su­ maya and his music. I am indebted to his profound generosity and tireless encourage­ ment. For biographical studies of Sumaya and his work, consult the publications by Robert Stevenson: "Baroque Music in Oaxaca Cathedral: Mexico's Most Memorable Indian Maestro," In/er-American Music Review (IAMRJ 1/2 (Spring-Summer, 1972), pp. 179­ 203, esp. pp. 196-202; "Manuscritos de Musica Colonial Mexicana en el Extranjero," part I, He/ero(onEa V/25 (July-Aug., 1972), pp. 4-10; "Manuscritos de Musica Colonial Mexicana en el Extranjero," part 2, He/er%nEa V/26 (Sept.-Oct., 1972), pp. 4-7;" Mexi­ can Baroque Polyphony in Foreign Libraries," lAMR IX/I (Fall-Winter, 1987), pp. 55-64, esp. pp. 59-62; Mexico CilY Ca/hedral Music. 1600-1750, reprint from The Americas XXI/2 (October, 1964) (Washington, D.C.: Academy of American Franciscan History, [1964'))); Music in Mexico: A His/orical Survey (New York: Thomas Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographic Names
    GEOGRAPHIC NAMES CORRECT ORTHOGRAPHY OF GEOGRAPHIC NAMES ? REVISED TO JANUARY, 1911 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1911 PREPARED FOR USE IN THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE BY THE UNITED STATES GEOGRAPHIC BOARD WASHINGTON, D. C, JANUARY, 1911 ) CORRECT ORTHOGRAPHY OF GEOGRAPHIC NAMES. The following list of geographic names includes all decisions on spelling rendered by the United States Geographic Board to and including December 7, 1910. Adopted forms are shown by bold-face type, rejected forms by italic, and revisions of previous decisions by an asterisk (*). Aalplaus ; see Alplaus. Acoma; township, McLeod County, Minn. Abagadasset; point, Kennebec River, Saga- (Not Aconia.) dahoc County, Me. (Not Abagadusset. AQores ; see Azores. Abatan; river, southwest part of Bohol, Acquasco; see Aquaseo. discharging into Maribojoc Bay. (Not Acquia; see Aquia. Abalan nor Abalon.) Acworth; railroad station and town, Cobb Aberjona; river, IVIiddlesex County, Mass. County, Ga. (Not Ackworth.) (Not Abbajona.) Adam; island, Chesapeake Bay, Dorchester Abino; point, in Canada, near east end of County, Md. (Not Adam's nor Adams.) Lake Erie. (Not Abineau nor Albino.) Adams; creek, Chatham County, Ga. (Not Aboite; railroad station, Allen County, Adams's.) Ind. (Not Aboit.) Adams; township. Warren County, Ind. AJjoo-shehr ; see Bushire. (Not J. Q. Adams.) Abookeer; AhouJcir; see Abukir. Adam's Creek; see Cunningham. Ahou Hamad; see Abu Hamed. Adams Fall; ledge in New Haven Harbor, Fall.) Abram ; creek in Grant and Mineral Coun- Conn. (Not Adam's ties, W. Va. (Not Abraham.) Adel; see Somali. Abram; see Shimmo. Adelina; town, Calvert County, Md. (Not Abruad ; see Riad. Adalina.) Absaroka; range of mountains in and near Aderhold; ferry over Chattahoochee River, Yellowstone National Park.
    [Show full text]
  • Una Historia De Filipinas En Versos Decimonónicos
    Revista Filipina • Primavera 2015 • Vol. 2, Número 2 RF UNA HISTORIA DE FILIPINAS EN VERSOS DECIMONÓNICOS JUAN HERNÁNDEZ HORTIGÜELA Asociación Cultural Galeón de Manila I. DESCRIpcIÓN DEL MANUSCRITO Con ocasión de mis habituales investigaciones de la historia filipina, tuve la fortuna de encon- trarme con dos curiosos documentos manuscritos, versificados; uno correspondiente a una Histo- ria de las Islas Filipinas y el otro a Geografía Física de las Islas Filipinas, en el Archivo de la Provincia de Toledo de la Compañía de Jesús: [E-2:95 bis/10bis (10-1) Leg. 1466]. Se trata de breves y diferentes composiciones, escritas por diferentes autores, dada su dis- tinción caligráfica, que relatan aquellos acontecimientos y datos de mayor relevancia, a juicio de sus autores, tanto de la historia como de la geografía del Archipiélago, y que ponen de manifiesto sus buenos conocimientos de los asuntos que tratan y su nivel cultural. Transcribo, en este primer documento, solamente la Historia de las islas Filipinas y dejo, para otra ocasión, la publicación de la interesante Geografía Física de las Islas Filipinas. No he podido localizar, en el momento que escribo estas líneas, los nombres de los autores ni la fecha de su confección. En ello sigo trabajando, aunque me encuentro, con frecuencia, documen- tos escritos por religiosos de todas las órdenes regulares, cuyas crónicas, escritos o documentos históricos no están firmados. Por el contexto, se pueden identificar estos documentos como escritos (con una elegante letra) en fechas posteriores al año 1850 y, con toda seguridad, antes de la salida de España de Filipinas en el año 1898.
    [Show full text]
  • Peace in Palestine Via the World Heritage Convention
    . Michael K. Madison II. Peace in Palestine ..........through World Heritage Promoting Peace via Global Conventions - 1 - Peace in Palestine via the World Heritage Convention Promoting Peace via Global Conventions The Global Problem "Throughout history, religious differences have divided men and women from their neighbors and have served as justification for some of humankind's bloodiest conflicts. In the modern world, it has become clear that people of all religions must bridge these differences and work together, to ensure our survival and realize the vision of peace that all faiths share." -- H.R.H. Prince El-Hassan bin Talal, Jordan Moderator, WCRP Governing Board Tolerance, Economic Growth and Fear Global peace and harmony is not possible without religious tolerance. Unfortunately, there is no instant microwavable solution. We can’t just add water and/or milk to the current situation and hope that the world will ameliorate itself overnight. No. The world needs help. The problem is not the outliers; it is larger groups of people that need to change. Outliers will always be present. The world needs religious-minded policymakers to take giant steps that lead to peace, but in a mutually beneficial way. Indeed, peace for peace’s sake is not always enough incentive to all parties involved. Therefore, if the conflict cannot be resolved by tolerance, then let it be resolved by greed as we find a way to help the countries involved to achieve a better economic position. If the conflict cannot be resolved by boosting the corresponding economies, then let it be resolved by fear as we convince the nations involved that one false move means it will be - 2 - their country against the rest of the world and not just their “enemy of the day”.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Cite Complete Issue More Information About This Article
    Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas ISSN: 1981-8122 ISSN: 2178-2547 MCTI/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Fernandes, Gonçalo; Assunção, Carlos First grammatical encoding of Japanese Politeness (17th century) Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas, vol. 13, no. 1, 2018, January-April, pp. 187-203 MCTI/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi DOI: 10.1590/1981.81222018000100011 Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=394056632010 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Cienc. Hum., Belém, v. 13, n. 1, p. 187-203, jan.-abr. 2018 First grammatical encoding of Japanese Politeness (17th century) A primeira codificação gramatical da Cortesia do japonês (século XVII) Gonçalo FernandesI, Carlos AssunçãoI IUniversidade de Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro. Vila Real, Portugal Abstract: We analyze the description of the polite language in the early 17th century Japanese grammars, mainly the ‘large’ grammar (1604–1608) by the missionaries João Rodrigues ‘Tçuzu’ [the interpreter], S.J. (1562–1633), and the Japanese grammar (1632) by Diego Collado, O.P. (late 16th century–1638). Over 350 years of the Pragmatics established as a linguistic domain, one of the first Japanese dictionaries (1603–1604) introduced the designation of honorific particles and honored verbs. Rodrigues developed this terminology considerably, having analyzed accurately social and linguistic relationships and ways of Japanese reverence and politeness. He proposed an innovative linguistic terminology, inexistent in former European grammars and dictionaries, of which a part was followed by Collado: honorific and humble or humiliative particles, honored and humble verbs, honorable or honorific and low pronouns.
    [Show full text]
  • The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803;
    pILIPKNl lisMifi |JI;BL^IR«|j li|33;ER;TS<3i| |||l^ip:l;l;l l I! : 6531 kB63 IliiitMi^WP E FFA3BR PS 1C ^65 THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 1493-1898 The PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 1493-1898 Explorations by Early Navigators, Descriptions of the Islands and their Peoples, their History and Records of the Catholic Missions, as related in contemporaneous Books and Manuscripts, showing the Political, Eco- nomic, Commercial and Religious Conditions of those Islands from their earliest relations with European Nations to the close of the Nineteenth Century TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINALS Edited and annotated by Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson, with historical intro- duction and additional notes by Edward Gaylord Bourne. With maps, portraits and other illustrations Volume XIX—1620-1621 The Arthur H. Clark Company Cleveland, Ohio MCMIV COPYRIGHT I904 THE ARTHUR H. CLARK COMPANY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ; CONTENTS OF VOLUME XIX Preface. 9 Documents of 1620 Reforms needed in the Filipinas (con- cluded). Hernando de los Rios Coronel [Madrid, 1619-20] 25 Letter to Alonso de Escovar. Francisco de Otago, S.J.; Madrid, January 14. 35 Decree ordering reforms in the friars' treatment of the Indians. Felipe III; Madrid, May 29. .40 Relation of events in the Philipinas Islands, 1619-20. [Unsigned] ; Manila, June 14. 42 Compulsory service by the Indians. Pedro de Sant Pablo, O.S.F.; Dilao, August 7. 71 Letter from the Audiencia to Felipe III. Hieronimo Legaspi de Cheverria, and others; Manila, August 8. -77 Letter to Felipe III. Alonso Fajardo de Tenza; Manila, August 15. .90 Letter to Alonso Fajardo de Tenza.
    [Show full text]