The

Wound and the

Dream

Sixty Years of American Poems

about the Spanish Civil War

EDITED BY

CARY NELSON

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS PRESS

Urbana and Chicago CONTENTS

PREFACE ix

INTRODUCTION The International Context for American Poetry about the Spanish Civil War 1

MARTHA MILLET (1936) Women of Spain 63

KENNETH PORTER (1936) jSalud! 64

WALLACE STEVENS (1936) The Men That Are Falling 65

MURIEL RUKEYSER (1937) Mediterranean 67

EDWIN ROLFE (1937) Death by Water 74 Elegy for Our Dead 76 City of Anguish 77

LANGSTON HUGHES (1937) SongofSpain 82 Letter from Spain 85 Hero—International Brigade 87

MIKE QUIN (1937) How Much for Spain? 89

KENNETH REXROTH (1937) Requiem for the Spanish Dead 90

JAMES RORTY (1937) Elegy for the Spanish Dead 92

AARON KRAMER (1937) Smiles and Blood 94

ROBINSON JEFFERS (1937) Sinverguenza 96

NORMAN ROSTEN (1937) The March 97 SOL FUNAROFF (1938) To Federico Garcia Lorca 98

BEN MADDOW (1938) The Defenses 99 JOY DAVIDMAN (1938) Snow in Madrid 101 Near Catalonia 102

GENEVIEVE TAGGARD (1938) Noncombatants 103 Silence in Mallorca 104

KENNETH FEARING (1938) The Program 106 VINCENT SHEEAN (1938) Puigcerda 107

EDWIN ROLFE (1938) Epitaph 108 JOHN MALCOLM BRINNIN (1938) For a Young Poet Dead in Spain 109 KENNETH PORTER (1938) Harvest: June 1938 111 KENNETH REXROTH (1938) Autumn in California 114

LANGSTON HUGHES (1938) Madrid Il6 Postcard from Spain 119 Air Raid: Barcelona 121 ROLFE HUMPHRIES (1938) Lines Written for the Occasion of a Sale of Manuscripts 123 JAMES NEUGASS (1938) Give Us This Day 124

EDNA ST. VINCENT MI LLAY (1938) Say That We Saw Spain Die 135

KERKER QUINN (1938) Gautier Visited Spain 136

BARROWS DUNHAM (1939) Neutrality 137

EDOUARD RODITI (1939) Lament 138

SOL FUNAROFF (1939) The Bull in the Olive Field 139 MURIEL RUKEYSER (1939) 1/26/39 141 JOHN BERRYMAN (1939) Nineteen Thirty-Eight 142

ARCHIBALD MACLEISH (1939) The Spanish Lie 144

ROLFE HUMPHRIES (1939) A Gay People 146

EDWIN ROLFE (1939) Brigadas Internacionales 148

JOHN CIARDI (1940) To a Young American the Day after the Fall of Barcelona 149 Reply to S. K. 150 AARON KRAMER (1940) Garcia Lorca 153

GENEVIEVE TAGGARD (1941) To the Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade 154 RANDALL JARRELL (1942) A Poem for Someone Killed in Spain 155 For the Madrid Road 156

WILLIAM LINDSAY GRESHAM (1943) Last Kilometer 157

JAMES NEUGASS (1943) Es La Guerra 158 The Word Is Twilight 159 Before Battle 160 GENEVIEVE TAGGARD (1943) Andalucfa 364

DON GORDON (1943) Spain 166 JOY DAVIDMAN (1943) Elegy for Garcia Lorca 167

VI EDWIN ROLFE (1943) First Love 168 LANGSTON HUGHES (1943) Moonlight in Valencia: Civil War 169 AARON KRAMER (1943) Guernica 170 Barcelona Celebrates Three Years of Franco 171 ALEXANDER F. BERGMAN (1944) To Eugene J. Loveman 172 THOMAS MERTON (1944) In Memory of the Spanish Poet Federico Garcia Lorca 174 KENNETH REXROTH (1944) Blood and Sand 175 NORMAN ROSTEN (1938-44) Spanish Sequence 176 MURIEL RUKEYSER (1944) Long Past Moncada 186 From Letter to the Front (Nos. IV, V, and VI) 187 ROBERT BHAIN CAMPBELL (1945) Among the Fallen 190 BYRON VAZAKAS (1946) Lorca 191 EDWIN ROLFE (1948) A Federico Garcfa Lorca 192 Elegia 193 MORTON SEIF (1949) Incident at Guernica 197 ALVAH BESSIE (1952) For My Dead Brother 198 The Dead Past 200 LANGSTON HUGHES (1952) Tomorrow's Seed 203 OLGA CABRAL (1953) To Spain 204 SHERRY MANGAN (1956) Activist Miliciano 207 BOB KAUFMAN (1958) Lorca 208 JAMES WRIGHT (1959) Eisenhower's Visit to Franco, 1959 209 LAWRENCE FERLINGHETTI (1961) Into Darkness, in Granada 210 BARBARA GUEST (1962) All Elegies Are Black and White 211 JAMES WRIGHT (1963) In Memory of a Spanish Poet 214 HAYDEN CARRUTH (1965) The Spanish Civil War 215 MURIEL RUKEYSER (1968) WordofMoUth 2l8 PHILIP LEVINE (1968; 1972) The Cartridges 222 To P. L., 1916-1937 224 WALTER SNOW (1938,1973) Spain—The Modern Phoenix 226 MURIEL RUKEYSER (1976) Neruda, the Wine 233 PHILIP LEVINE(I976) On the Murder of Lieutenant Jose del Castillo by the Falangist Bravo Martinez, July 12,1936 234 MONA VAN DUYN (1978) Madrid, May 1977 236

VII NORMAN ROSTEN (1979) Journeyto Madrid 238 LESLIE ULLMAN (1979) In Barcelona You Tried to Scream 240 PHILIP LEVINE (1979; 1981) Francisco, I'll Bring You Red Carnations 241 For the Fallen 244 AARON KRAMER (1980) Granada: The Rose 247 JOHN BENSKO (1981) Garcia Lorca and the One-Legged Schoolteacher 249 CAROLYN KIZER (1986) The Valley of the Fallen 251 Ingathering 254 AI (1986) They Shall Not Pass 256 MARGARET GIBSON (1986) Maria 259 Madrid 261 From a Single Center... 264 Retreat to the Future 267 ROBERT HASS (1989) Rusia en 1931 270 DAVID wojAHN (1990) In Hiding 272 AARON KRAMER (1991) Madrid: July 1978 27s Barcelona: The Last Night 276 PHILIP LEVINE (1994) My Mother with Purse the Summer They Murdered the Spanish Poet 278 JAIME MANRIQUE (1995) My Night with Federico Garcfa Lorca 280 MARTFN ESPADA (1999) The Carpenter Swam to Spain 282 PHILIP LEVINE (1999) The Search for Lorca's Shadow 285

GLOSSARY 287

ABOUT THE POETS 301

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 321 INDEX 327

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