DOCSLIB.ORG

Life Pathways of Haitian-American Young Adults in South Florida Patricia N

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Life Pathways of Haitian-American Young Adults in South Florida Patricia N Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 4-11-2011 Life Pathways of Haitian-American Young Adults in South Florida Patricia N. Vanderkooy Florida International University, [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI11042709 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Vanderkooy, Patricia N., "Life Pathways of Haitian-American Young Adults in South Florida" (2011). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 411. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/411 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida LIFE PATHWAYS OF HAITIAN-AMERICAN YOUNG ADULTS IN SOUTH FLORIDA A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY by Patricia N. Vanderkooy 2011 To: Dean Kenneth Furton College of Arts and Sciences This dissertation, written by Patricia N. Vanderkooy, and entitled Life Pathways of Haitian-American Young Adults in South Florida, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. _______________________________________ Sarah J. Mahler _______________________________________ Jean Rahier _______________________________________ Dionne Stephens _______________________________________ Alex Stepick, Major Professor Date of Defense: April 11, 2011 The dissertation of Patricia N. Vanderkooy is approved. _______________________________________ Dean Kenneth Furton College of Arts and Sciences _______________________________________ Interim Dean Kevin O’Shea University Graduate School Florida International University, 2011 ii ©Copyright 2011 Patricia N. Vanderkooy All rights reserved. iii DEDICATION For my parents, for loving me through it all. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS When I moved to Haiti in 1999, I quickly learned a few basic greetings in Creole. A general question about how a person was doing was often followed by the response, M’ap kenbe, pitit pitit (I’m holding on, bit by bit). This dissertation has been my biggest exercise thus far in holding on, bit by bit. Through tumultuous situations – both dissertation related and otherwise – I developed tenacity and came to deeply appreciate the people holding onto me when my own ability to hold on was compromised. My profound gratitude goes to my dissertation advisor, Dr. Alex Stepick. His support was unflagging, his praise generous and criticism constructive. As befits an anthropologist, he reminds me to listen to peoples’ stories and to share their reality with the wider world. Thank you for your key role in shaping me as a scholar, writer, and teacher. Dr. Sarah Mahler also generously gave of her time and advice; the infamous purple pen always encouraged me to be precise and articulate my arguments. Thank you, Dr. M, for nurturing my skills and encouraging me along the way. Both Dr. Jean Rahier and Dr. Dionne Stephens also offered helpful feedback and guidance in the course of this dissertation project, and I thank them greatly for their role in my professional development. I was also supported and held onto by my graduate student colleagues at Florida International University, particularly members of Team Mahler and Dr. Stepick’s dissertation group. My deepest thanks to Jasney Cogua-Lopez, Tekla Nicholas, Anne Braseby, Sharon Placide, Francisco Sastre, Marcos Feldman, Rick Giorsio, Alejandro Angee, Karen Mahar, Emily Eisenhauer, and Dusan Ugrina. v I greatly appreciate the generous financial support provided for this research by several institutions, including the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) of Canada, the Presidential Fellowship and Dissertation Year Fellowship programs at Florida International University, and the Florida-Canada Linkage Institute. Several close friends provided critical support throughout this dissertation project. To these dear friends: thank you for toasting success with me, commiserating through setbacks, mixing mojitos when necessary, and welcoming me in your homes for weeks on end. Special thanks to Maegan C., who taught me the value of deep breaths and rejuvenation. My voice would not be what it is in these pages without your guidance. I cannot express adequately my thanks and appreciation to the men and women whose stories fill these pages. Thank you for opening your lives to me, showing me how each of you kenbe each day, and inspiring me with your resiliency. For my family: thank you for standing by me through both the brightest and the darkest of days. You’ve each played an important – and unique – role in bringing this dissertation to fruition. Without a doubt, my parents brought kenbe to a whole new level. Thank you, Mom and Dad, for holding onto me with the strength of a thousand horses, and more than anything, for demonstrating that love is a verb. Many others also cheered me unfailingly over the past several years. Thank you. Your unfailing belief in my ability and unending support truly were the magic ingredient enabling me to kenbe, bit by bit. vi ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION LIFE PATHWAYS OF HAITIAN-AMERICAN YOUNG ADULTS IN SOUTH FLORIDA by Patricia N. Vanderkooy Florida International University, 2011 Miami, Florida Professor Alex Stepick, Major Professor This research examines the life pathways of 1.5 and second generation Haitian immigrants in South Florida. The purpose of the research is to better understand how integration occurs for the children of Haitian immigrants as they transition from adolescence to adulthood. Building upon a prior study of second-generation immigrant adolescents between 1995 and 2000, a sub-set of the original participants was located to participate in this follow-up research. Qualitative interviews were conducted as well as in-depth ethnographic research, including participant observation. Survey instruments used with other second-generation populations were also administered, enabling comparisons with the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS). The results indicate that educational and occupational achievements were markedly below the participants’ original expectations as adolescents. Gender figures prominently in participants’ familial roles and relationships, with men and women distinctly incorporating both Haitian and American cultural practices within their households. Contrary to previous research, these results on the identification of participants suggest that these young adults claim attachment to both Haiti and to the United States. The vii unique longitudinal and ethnographic nature of this study contributes to the ongoing discussion of the integration of the children of immigrants by demonstrating significant variation from the prior integration trends observed with Haitian adolescents. The results cast doubt on existing theory on the children of immigrants for explaining the trajectory of Haitian-American integration patterns. Specifically, this research indicates that Haitians are not downwardly mobile and integrating as African Americans. They have higher education and economic standing than their parents and are continuing their education well into their thirties. The respondents have multiple identities in which they increasingly express identification with Haiti, but in some contexts are also developing racialized identifications with African Americans and others of the African diaspora. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION: THE STORY OF HAITIAN IMMIGRANTS ........................ 1 Haitian Migration to the United States ................................................................... 3 Haitians in the United States ................................................................................. 10 Overview of Dissertation ...................................................................................... 17 II. LITERATURE REVIEW: IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION................................ 20 Literature on Identity ............................................................................................ 22 Literature on Immigrant Assimilation/Integration ................................................ 33 Literature on the Children of Immigrants ............................................................. 44 A Critical Gap in Knowledge ............................................................................... 57 III. RESEARCH METHODS AND CONTEXT ........................................................ 60 Project Overview .................................................................................................. 60 Methods................................................................................................................. 61 Data Analysis ........................................................................................................ 65 Description of Sample ........................................................................................... 65 Limitations ............................................................................................................ 67 South Florida Context ........................................................................................... 68 English & Ebonics ...............................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Haiti News Roundup: October 6 – 24, 2005
    HAITI NEWS ROUNDUP: OCTOBER 6 – 24, 2005 International donors half-way to fulfilling Haiti aid pledge Caribbean Net News Monday, October 24, 2005 BRUSSELS (AFP): International donors have given Haiti some 600 million dollars so far to see it through a transition phase and help its next government, they said in a joint declaration on Friday. The money is half the amount of one billion dollars promised under the interim cooperation framework (CCI) aimed at meeting the priorities of the violence-scarred and impoverished island state. "The meeting in Brussels has allowed us to underline that the engagements undertaken in respect of Haiti are confirmed and will be respected," the joint statement said. The donors also said they would extend the cooperation framework by a year until the end of 2007 to allow the new government, due to take office in February, "the time and the means to continue reforms." A new conference will take place at the end of next year to "mobilise the additional finances necessary for this extension." Haiti and the donors at the two-day conference in Brussels also reaffirmed that the "transfer of power to a new elected government must happen in line with the timeframe set out in the constitution; that is February 7, 2006." At a press conference earlier, Prime Minister Gerard Latortue promised that long-delayed general elections in Haiti, the first since the fall of president Jean Bertrand Aristide, would start in December. "The first round of the presidential and legislative elections will take place in December, probably in the first half of the month," he said.
    [Show full text]
  • Canada's Disaster-Relief in Haiti and Pakistan
    Understanding Government Decision-Making: Canada’s Disaster-Relief in Haiti and Pakistan Aaida Aziz Mamuji A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctorate in Philosophy degree in Public Administration Faculty of Social Sciences School of Political Studies University of Ottawa © Aaida Aziz Mamuji, Ottawa, Canada, 2014 For my Mama and Abu Jaan. Praying that you always remain pleased with me. And to Coach Gavin. Third time lucky. ii Abstract Canada coordinates its responses to natural disasters abroad through implementing its ‘whole-of-government’ policy framework. The two largest natural disasters that struck in 2010 were the January earthquake in Haiti and the flooding in Pakistan seven months later. In contrast to the fast and robust earthquake relief provided to Haiti, Canada’s response to the Pakistan floods was minimal, especially when considering the extent of damage sustained. This dissertation applies a public administration lens to trace factors that led to the Government of Canada’s 2010 disaster-relief decisions. It develops a multi-level theoretical framework to holistically explore the role of problem-definition in shaping decision-making. It applies historical institutionalism at the macro level; recognizes the role of case-specific details and arenas at the meso level; and uses the logic of appropriateness to identify informal institutions affecting individual action at the micro level. Analysis of interviews, government documents and media coverage indicates that bureaucratic actors involved in the whole-of-government approach recognize that their role is ultimately removed from final disaster-relief decisions. There is an informal acceptance that political will, more than needs in the disaster-affected region, shapes implementation decisions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Meritorious Service Medal 1991-2016
    The Meritorious Service Medal 1991-2016 CONTACT US Directorate of Honours and Recognition National Defence Headquarters 101 Colonel By Drive Ottawa, ON K1A 0K2 http://forces.gc.ca/en/honours-history-awards/index.page 1-877-741-8332 © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2016 A-DH-300-000/JD-006 Cat. No D2-364/2016 ISBN 978-0-660-05799-6 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada, wearing her insignia of Sovereign of the Order of Canada and of the Order of Military Merit, in the Tent Room at Rideau Hall, Canada Day 2010 Photo: Canadian Heritage, 1 July 2010 iv | The Meritorious Service Medal Dedication To the recipients of the Meritorious Service Medal who have demonstrated military professionalism and brought honour upon themselves and their nation. v | The Meritorious Service Medal Table of Contents Dedication ......................................................................................................................... v Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 Statistical Analysis ........................................................................................................... 7 Meritorious Service Decorations Regulations, 2015 ................................................. 35 Register – Recipients of the Meritorious Service Medal (Military Division), 1991-2016 ...................................................................................... 45 Glossary of Post-nominals .........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Haitians: a People on the Move. Haitian Cultural Heritage Resource Guide
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 416 263 UD 032 123 AUTHOR Bernard, Marie Jose; Damas, Christine; Dejoie, Menes; Duval, Joubert; Duval, Micheline; Fouche, Marie; Marcellus, Marie Jose; Paul, Cauvin TITLE Haitians: A People on the Move. Haitian Cultural Heritage Resource Guide. INSTITUTION New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY. Office of Bilingual Education. ISBN ISBN-1-55839-416-8 PUB DATE 1996-00-00 NOTE 176p. AVAILABLE FROM Office of Instructional Publications, 131 Livingston Street, Brooklyn, NY 11201. PUB TYPE Books (010) Guides Classroom Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC08 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Cultural Awareness; Cultural Background; Diversity (Student); Ethnic Groups; Foreign Countries; Haitian Creole; *Haitians; History; *Immigrants; Inservice Teacher Education; *Multicultural Education; Resource Materials; Teaching Guides; Teaching Methods; Urban Schools; *Urban Youth IDENTIFIERS Haiti; New York City Board of Education ABSTRACT This cultural heritage resource guide has been prepared as a tool for teachers to help them understand the cultural heritage of their Haitian students, their families, and their communities in order to serve them better. Although Haiti became an independent country in 1804, the struggle of its people for justice and freedom has never ended. Many Haitians have left Haiti for political, social, and economic reasons, and many have come to the larger cities of the United States, particularly New York City. This guide contains the following sections: (1) "Introduction"; (2) "Haiti at a Glance"; (3) "In Search of a Better Life";(4) "Haitian History"; (5) "Haitian Culture"; (6) "Images of Haiti"; and (7)"Bibliography," a 23-item list of works for further reading. (SLD) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document.
    [Show full text]
  • CBC Nir Mar 10.Indd
    A DEADLY EARTHQUAKE DEVASTATES HAITI Introduction Late in the afternoon on January 12, sent HMCS Athabaskan and HMCS 2010, a massive earthquake struck Haiti, Halifax to the devastated Caribbean Download the mp3 of this Introduction unleashing indescribable devastation on nation. By the end of January, Canada at newsinreview. an already destitute nation. Over 200 000 had committed 2 000 troops to provide cbclearning.ca. people were killed, including up to 80 aid in Léogâne—the epicentre of the Canadians, in what may be the deadliest quake—and Jacmel—a crucial sea port Focus earthquake in history. Almost 90 per cent off the southern coast of Haiti. Haiti, the poorest of Haiti’s capital, Port-au-Prince, was Meanwhile, Prime Minister Stephen nation in the western flattened by the quake, leaving hundreds Harper put Haiti at the top of his foreign hemisphere, was of thousands of people homeless and policy agenda. With over 100 000 rocked by a massive leaving millions desperate for food, expatriate Haitians living in Canada, and earthquake that water, and medical treatment. Haiti counting itself as the second largest killed over 200 000 The day after the earthquake an recipient of Canadian foreign aid after people and left most of the country in emotional Governor General of Canada, Afghanistan, the Prime Minister seized ruins. This News in Michaëlle Jean, herself an expatriate the opportunity to help the impoverished Review story looks at Haitian, appealed to the global nation. An immediate $5-million relief the earthquake that community: “Now more than ever, it fund was extended to Haiti, followed devastated Haiti and is time for us to show our solidarity by an additional $130-million as the Canada’s response to with the most vulnerable people in the crisis unfolded.
    [Show full text]
  • Health Response to the Earthquake in Haiti, January 2010
    Health response to the earthquake to in Haiti, January response Health 2010 The 12 January 2010 earthquake was the most devastating of many major sudden-impact natural disasters affecting Haiti in the last 10 years. The health impact of the earthquake in absolute terms Health response to (number of dead and injured) was among the highest in recent times. When the needs are com- pared to the country’s response capacity, this disaster was truly unprecedented. The level of response, especially in the health sector, was generous, even overwhelming. Organi- the earthquake in Haiti zation of the massive, global response was challenging, and many of the problems seen in past disasters were replayed in Haiti. Information was scarce, decisions were often not evidence-based, and there were serious gaps in overall or sectoral coordination. This book presents lessons to be learned from Haiti with the aim of improving the health sector’s January 2010 response in major, sudden-onset disasters in the future. It also identifies opportunities provided by the disaster for making significant changes in health services in Haiti. One of the key lessons of the Haiti tragedy is that coordination can only be effective where national authorities are equipped to assume leadership and establish relief and recovery priorities. Lessons to be learned for the next The authors have drawn on their own extensive experience in international disaster management, massive sudden-onset disaster and synthesized material from reports, evaluations, peer-reviewed scientific publications, and over 150 interviews. A review group was convened by PAHO/WHO to corroborate the findings and conclusions of this publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Archived Content Information Archivée Dans Le
    Archived Content Information identified as archived on the Web is for reference, research or record-keeping purposes. It has not been altered or updated after the date of archiving. Web pages that are archived on the Web are not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards. As per the Communications Policy of the Government of Canada, you can request alternate formats on the "Contact Us" page. Information archivée dans le Web Information archivée dans le Web à des fins de consultation, de recherche ou de tenue de documents. Cette dernière n’a aucunement été modifiée ni mise à jour depuis sa date de mise en archive. Les pages archivées dans le Web ne sont pas assujetties aux normes qui s’appliquent aux sites Web du gouvernement du Canada. Conformément à la Politique de communication du gouvernement du Canada, vous pouvez demander de recevoir cette information dans tout autre format de rechange à la page « Contactez-nous ». CANADIAN FORCES COLLEGE / COLLÈGE DES FORCES CANADIENNES JCSP 33 MDS Canadian Non-Combatant Evacuation Operations – A Better Way? By / par LCol Robert Chaloux Syndicate 1 22 June 2007 This paper was written by a student attending La présente étude a été rédigée par un stagiaire the Canadian Forces College in fulfilment of one du Collège des Forces canadiennes pour of the requirements of the Course of Studies. satisfaire à l'une des exigences du cours. The paper is a scholastic document, and thus L'étude est un document qui se rapporte au contains facts and opinions, which the author cours et contient donc des faits et des opinions alone considered appropriate and correct for que seul l'auteur considère appropriés et the subject.
    [Show full text]
  • Images of Women in Haitian Sovereignty A
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Fanm ak Pouvwa: Images of Women in Haitian Sovereignty A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Theater and Performance Studies by Eva Heppelmann 2019 © Copyright by Eva Heppelmann 2019 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Fanm ak Pouvwa: Images of Women in Haitian Sovereignty by Eva Heppelmann Doctor of Philosophy in Theater and Performance Studies University of California, Los Angeles, 2019 Professor Sean Aaron Metzger, Chair This project analyzes the use of nineteenth and twentieth-century images of Haitian women as performances of sovereignty by looking at a varied archive of literary, theatrical, artistic, and political performances. Although frequently assimilated into nationalist and anti- nationalist struggles for liberty, these representations are not always liberating for Haitian women. I examine transtemporal and trinational representations of Haitian Revolutionaries, the play Antigon, the fifteenth century Taino queen Anacaona, and Ertha Pascal-Trouillot’s presidency. My project reads these representations through Édouard Glissant’s theory of relation and creolization to unpack ways sovereignty, gender, and race are reconfigured in depictions of ii women. Addressing the limitations of discourses of ‘exceptionalism’ and ‘primitivism’ that have narrated Haitian history, my work extends scholarship on Haitian nationalism and feminism to combat the repeated exclusion of women from histories of Haiti. My work draws from multiple theoretical lenses including performance studies, literary theory, postcolonial theory, and gender/feminist theory. I consider the ways narratives of the Haitian revolution over-determine discourses of Haiti, masking the role of the international community and obscuring the contributions of women.
    [Show full text]
  • The News Balance Report
    THE NEWS BALANCE REPORT Study conducted for CBC by ERIN Research Inc. The News Balance Report, 2010 Study conducted and report written for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation by George Spears, PhD, CMRP Kasia Seydegart, MSW, CMRP Pat Zulinov, CMRP ERIN Research Inc. www.erinresearch.com © 2010 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary 1 1 Introduction 8 2 Method 10 3 Key events over study period 12 Part 1: The overall picture 17 4 Issues in the news 17 5 People in the news 30 6 Diversity 36 7 Tone 48 8 Story frames 62 Part II: Three case studies 67 9 H1N1 68 10 Climate change 74 11 Haiti 83 Appendix A: Research method 91 Appendix B: Frame analyses 98 Appendix C: Examples of tone 101 Executive summary Purpose In fulfilling its mandate of accountability and transparency, the CBC has conducted periodic analyses of its news content, the first being commissioned in 1977. The current research is the most comprehensive and detailed examination to date. Method The News Balance Report by ERIN Research Inc. is based on a 25-week sample of television, radio and Internet news recorded between October 26, 2009 and May 2, 2010. While its focus is CBC news, both network and local/regional, it includes competing news outlets on each platform as a basis for comparison: the CTV National News, Global National, Canada.com, theglobeandmail.com, and five Corus and Rogers all-news stations. The study is, by any standard, comprehensive. It covers approximately 6,000 news stories on radio, 7,500 stories on television, and 2,400 stories on the Internet.
    [Show full text]
  • Sources of Conflict Along and Across the Haitian – Dominican Border
    Dominican-Haitian Racial and Ethnic Perceptions and Sentiments: Mutual adaptations, mutual tensions, mutual anxieties Gerald F. Murray University of Florida Submitted to the Pan American Development Foundation Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic May 24, 2010 Executive Summary The current report was commissioned to investigate mutual perceptions and attitudes that exist between Dominicans and Haitians, with a particular focus on the border area. The context for the assignment was the concern among development professionals, created not only by negative media coverage, but also various human rights reports and academic studies, that a situation of such conflict exists between Haitians and Dominicans in the border area that bilateral collaboration will be difficult. A companion report to the current one deals with the specific conflicts. This report will deal with the opinions that Dominicans and Haitians expressed about each other during six weeks of interviewing in the months. The first part of the report deals heavily with the topic of race. A comparison and contrast is given of Dominican and Haitian racial classification systems. The guiding conclusion is that there is more concern with racial differences in the Dominican Republic than in Haiti, but that these strictly racial concerns (which affect black Dominicans as well) are not a major driving force in the perceptions and sentiments which Dominicans have of Haitians. The next two parts of the report deal with Dominican perceptions of Haitians and then with Haitian perceptions of Dominicans. In each of these sections I report on what members of each group had to say about the other group. A major pattern emerged by which Dominicans in general are much more aware of and concerned about Haitians than vice versa.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Haitian Photography from Within and Without
    FROM WITHIN AND WITHOUT THE HISTORY OF HAITIAN PHOTOGRAPHY UPC FROM WITHIN AND WITHOUT THE HISTORY OF HAITIAN PHOTOGRAPHY FROM WITHIN AND WITHOUT: THE HISTORY OF HAITIAN PHOTOGRAPHY TABLE OF CONTENTS is exhibition is organized by the NSU Art Museum Art Fort Lauderdale Curator: Edouard Duval-Carrié with the assistance of Maggie Steber June 21 – October 4, 2015 © 2015 NSU Art Museum Fort Lauderdale One East Olas Boulevard, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by an means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any other information storage or retrieval system, or otherwise without written permission from the NSU Art Museum Fort Lauderdale Foreword Editor: Barbara Buhler Lynes Copy Editor: Sue Henger Essays Designer: Suissa Design, Hollywood, FL Edouard Duval Carrié: Introduction ISBN: 9780990506348 Laurent Dubois: Power and Martrydom LOC: 2015945528 Edward Sullivan: Artists Before the Lens: Painters and Photography in Haiti is exhibition was generously made possible in part by Funding Arts Broward, Inc. Additional funding was provided with grants from the Green Family Emilie Boone: A Hidden World of Images: Marilyn Houlberg and Haitian Studio Photography Foundation, e Haitian Cultural Arts Alliance, Lisa and Steven Smith/SMITH Manufacturing, Wells Fargo and the Florida Humanities Council with funds from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Any views, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this exhibition do not necessarily Kimberly Green: Alan Lomax and Haiti represent those of the Florida Humanities Council or the National Endowment for the Humanities. Media Partner: Miami Herald Media Company Donald Cosentino: Voudou Made Visible Exhibitions and programs at NSU Art Museum Fort Lauderdale are made possible in part by a challenge grant from the David and Francie Horvitz Family Margaret Mitchell Armand: e Place of Vodou from Within and Without Foundation.
    [Show full text]
  • Plus Ça Change… a Historical Survey of Western Interference in Haiti
    Plus ça change… A Historical Survey of Western Interference in Haiti Major Christopher John Young, CD, MA A Thesis In the Department Of History Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) at Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada July 2020 © Christopher John Young CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Christopher John Young Entitled: Plus ça change… A Historical Survey of Western Interference in Haiti and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standard with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the final Examining Committee _______________________________ Chair Dr. A. Nash _______________________________ External Examiner Dr. P. Bellegarde-Smith _______________________________ External to Program Dr. J. Schofield _______________________________ Examiner Dr. E. Reiter _______________________________ Thesis Co-Supervisor Dr. F. Chalk _______________________________ Thesis Co-Supervisor Dr. C. Fick Approved by ________________________________________________ Dr. A. Zilberstein, Graduate Program Director December 13, 2019 _______________________________________ Dr. M. Penney, Dean of History ABSTRACT Christopher Young Concordia University, 2019 What historical lessons, positive or negative, can be gleaned from past Western interventionist activities within Haiti that have application to the desired future goal of rehabilitating or moving Haiti from fragile state status, to that of a fully functioning and stable member state within the international community of nations? This dissertation aims to determine what historical lessons, positive or negative, can be gleaned from past Western interventionist activities in Haiti that are applicable to the desired future goal of rehabilitating or moving Haiti from fragile state status to functioning and stable state within the international community of nations.
    [Show full text]