Haiti News Roundup: October 6 – 24, 2005
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Landscaping Hispaniola Moreau De Saint-Méry's
New West Indian Guide Vol. 85, no. 3-4 (2011), pp. 169-190 URL: http://www.kitlv-journals.nl/index.php/nwig/index URN:NBN:NL:UI:10-1-101703 Copyright: content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License ISSN: 0028-9930 MARIA CRISTINA FUMAGALLI LANDSCAPING HISPANIOLA MOREAU DE SAINT-MÉRY’S BORDER POLITICS A few days after the Haitian earthquake of January 12, 2010, Sonia Marmolejos, a young Dominican woman who was in the Darío Contreras Hospital of Santo Domingo with her newborn daughter, decided to breastfeed three Haitian children who had been admitted there after the disaster. They were wounded, hungry, and dehydrated, so Sonia Marmolejos acted on impulse and she did not expect to receive any special recognition for her generous gesture. The government of the Dominican Republic capitalized on this story, defined Sonia Marmolejos as a heroine, and used her actions as a metaphor to illustrate the charitable response of the country toward neighboring Haiti. Haiti and the Dominican Republic share the island of Hispaniola and a history of colonialism which, however, has conjugated itself in very differ- ent ways. Officially under Spanish rule since 1493, the island was mostly left unpopulated for three-quarters of a century. In 1625 the French started to occupy parts of it (mainly in the north) and until the official recognition of the French colony of Saint-Domingue in 1777, they constantly pushed for- ward their unofficial borders, while the Spanish carried out punitive raids to eradicate the French presence. On the Spanish side, the economy was mainly livestock-based but the French developed an impressive network of planta- tions which relied on the constant import of enslaved labor from Africa. -
Haiti, a Case Study of an Underdeveloped Area. Roland Wingfield Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1966 Haiti, a Case Study of an Underdeveloped Area. Roland Wingfield Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Wingfield, Roland, "Haiti, a Case Study of an Underdeveloped Area." (1966). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 1139. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/1139 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 66-6459 WINGFIELD, Roland, 1929- HAITI, A CASE STUDY OF AN UNDER DEVELOPED AREA. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1966 Sociology, general University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan HAITI, A CASE STUDY OF AN UNDERDEVELOPED AREA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Sociology by Roland Wingfield B.A., Louisiana State University, 1960 M.A., Louisiana State University, 1961 January 1966 •KING HENRY CHRISTOPHS'S CITADEL (Courtesy Delta Air Lines) DEDICATION A mon f i l s G uito "Nous avons un pays etrange et merveilleux, Un pays si merveilleusement etrange, Q u'il ne se resigne pas encore a m ourir..." M. Franck Fouche "Notre Pays" Message (1946) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was made possible by an Inter-American Cultural Con vention grant whereby two American students are hosts of each of the Latin American Republics and two of their nationals study in the United States on an exchange basis. -
Responses to Information Requests - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada
Responses to Information Requests - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Canada.ca Services Departments Français Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Refugee Claims Refugee Appeals Admissibility Hearings Detention Reviews HomeImmigrationResearch Appeals Program Responses to Information Requests National Responses to Information Requests Documentation Packages Recent Research Responses to Information Requests (RIR) respond to focused Requests for Information that are submitted to the Research Directorate in the course of the Responses to refugee protection determination process. The database contains a seven-year Information Requests archive of English and French RIRs. Earlier RIRs may be found on the UNHCR's Refworld website. Please note that some RIRs have attachments which are not electronically accessible. To obtain a PDF copy of an RIR attachment, please email the Knowledge and Information Management Unit. 16 June 2016 HTI105534.FE Haiti: Procedures from the time a criminal complaint is filed until a judgment is rendered (2014-June 2016) Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Ottawa Criminal complaint procedures are set out in the Code of Criminal Procedure (Code d’instruction criminelle). The code is attached to this Response. For information on the different types of complaints that can be filed with the police or judicial authorities in Haiti, see Response to Information Request HTI104873. 1. General Complaint Process In correspondence sent to the Research Directorate, a representative of the National Human Rights Defense Network (Réseau national de défense des droits humains, RNDDH), a human rights NGO in Haiti whose headquarters are in PortauPrince (RNDDH n.d.), stated the following: [translation] Our legislation sets out three (3) levels of offences that can be grounds for a complaint: petty offences, misdemeanours and felonies. -
Haiti's Urban Crime Wave?
STRATEGIC BRIEF | MARCH 2012 Haiti’s Urban Crime Wave? Results from Monthly Household Surveys August 2011 - February 2012 Athena R. Kolbe1 and Robert Muggah2 www.igarape.org.br Summary Haiti exhibited a dramatic escalation in criminal violence with Haitians reporting declining confidence in police institutions during the last six months (August 2011 to February 2012). For the first time since 2007, the incidence of violent crime and victimization has shown a consistent increase, and confidence in public institutions appears to be dropping quickly. Random household surveys conducted on a monthly basis between August 2011 and February 2012 indicate that violent crime is increasingly common, particularly over the past few months in the densely packed ‘popular’ zones of Haiti’s largest urban centers. This assessment is based on a longitudinal survey using random sampling methods. Specifically, households in the urban areas of Port-au-Prince, Les Cayes, Cap Haitien, Gonaives, St. Marc, Jacmel and Leogane were randomly selected and surveyed about their experiences with criminality and faith in public institutions. The survey sought to measure their exposure to insecurity and opinions regarding future safety. Collectively, these surveys demonstrate an increasing dissatisfaction with the government of Haiti after five years of growing confidence as well as fears that political uncertainty and turmoil will increase crime. The preliminary findings of the assessment are: • The number of reported homicides across all urban settings increased considerably between November 2011 and February 2012. Half of the reported murders occurred during armed robbery or attempted armed robbery. While Port- au-Prince’s overall homicide is low in comparaison to other Caribbean cities, this nevertheless represents a rate of 60.9 per 100,000, one of the highest recorded rates since 2004; • Property crime increased dramatically between October 2011 and February 2012. -
Haitian-Americans United, Inc. (HAU) 2019
2 H.A.U. CHAIRMAN’S MESSAGE Haitian Heritage Month has always been a memorable period when we, Haitians and Haitian Americans remember our rich history that has been forgotten by many. It is a time when we are afforded the opportunity to reflect on our many contributions and accomplishments which have been overlooked historically and taken for granted. I would like to start by expressing my hope that this is the time to celebrate our resiliency, our pursuit for social justice and equality, in a land on which our Haitian soldiers fought at the battle of Savannah in 1779 during the American Revolutionary war. During this war they were considered the most efficient allied group, boldly fighting the British to help America gain its ter- ritorial sovereignty. As we celebrate today the 216th anniversary since the cre- ation of our flag and the 215th anniversary of our independence we, the Haitian diaspora, are observing a new cataclysm impacting our nation that we cannot ignore, to the point that it is offending the greatness of our flag. Considering the current reality of our original land, as we are celebrating the Haitian Flag Day, how many of us have not stopped even once to look at the flag in this impressive parade and acknowledge our faltering confidence, as we haven’t in previous years? Despite the internal and external upheavals created by the current socio politico economic environment, in the face of adversity, all of us Haitian-Americans must remain united, exploring new ways to positively in- fluence our brothers and sisters residing in the United States as well as our homeland. -
Is Tourism Haiti's Magic Bullet?
STRATEGIC NOTE 9 | JUNE 2013 Is Tourism Haiti’s Magic Bullet? www.igarape.org.br An Empirical Treatment of Haiti’s Tourism Potential Athena R. Kolbe, Keely Brookes and Robert Muggah A french tourist negotiates the price of raspberries outside of the Baptist Mission Bakery, a popular destination for religious service groups visiting Haiti. The Haitian government has elevated tourism to the top of its development agenda. Yet prospects for success are uncertain. This assessment is the first empirical treatment of the attitudes and perceptions of tourists and service providers in Haiti. It is based on a survey of more than 2,000 tourists and 390 industry professionals. It finds that just over 3% of tourists reported crime victimizaiton and that the current tourism model should be revisited. IGARAPÉ INSTITUTE | STRATEGIC NOTE 9 | JUNE 2013 Introduction Tourism is often described as key to Haiti’s salvation. The economic potential of foreigners visiting the island nation is cited in virtually all major assessments of the country’s current development problems. This may seem at first counter- intuitive: the impoverished and disaster-stricken country has long-struggled with violence and political instability. But it is increasingly regarded as necessary. Immediately after the January 2010 earthquake it was recognized that strategic investments would be needed to secure Haiti’s economy once foreign aid had diminished.1 Tourism was recently elevated to a top priority by Haiti´s current administration and the Ministry of Tourism. The government hopes that an influx of foreign currency generated by tourist dollars could help lift the country out of aid-dependency.2 This is not as surprising as it may seem. -
Haiti 2019 Human Rights Report
HAITI 2019 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Haiti is a constitutional republic with a multiparty political system. Voters elected Jovenel Moise as president for a five-year term in national elections held in November 2016, and he took office in February 2017. The most recent national legislative elections were held in 2016; international observers considered the elections free and fair. Prime Minister Jean Henry Ceant departed office in March after a vote of no confidence in the lower house of parliament. Legislative elections planned for October 2019 did not take place. As of December, parliament had not approved a new prime minister and cabinet, nor a budget for the 2018-19 fiscal year. The Haitian National Police (HNP), an autonomous civilian institution under the authority of a director general, maintains domestic security. The HNP includes police, corrections, fire, emergency response, airport security, port security, and coast guard functions. The Ministry of Justice and Public Security, through its minister and the secretary of state for public security, provides oversight to the HNP. The Superior Council of the National Police, chaired by the prime minister, provides strategic guidance to the HNP. The Superior Council also includes the HNP director general, HNP chief inspector general, minister of the interior, and minister of justice. Civilian authorities generally maintained effective control over security forces. Significant human rights issues included allegations of unlawful killings by police; excessive use of force by police; arbitrary and prolonged pretrial detention; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; a judiciary subject to corruption and outside influence; physical attacks on journalists; widespread corruption and impunity; crimes involving violence or threats of violence targeting persons with physical, mental, and developmental disabilities; and sexual and gender-based violence and discrimination. -
Ethnicity / Basic Terms and Concepts / Problem and Method
CHAPTER 1 Perceptions of Ethnic and All-national Identity in Kazakhstan Nurbulat Masanov In the contemporary world, interethnic relations have taken on a special significance. Frequently, they are a greater priority than socio-economic processes, and they occupy a more important place in social consciousness than problems of state and politics. On many occasions in the second half of the twentieth century, conflicts in interethnic relations have placed states and entire regions on the brink of war and utter crisis. This has been the case, for example, in the Caucasus and the Balkan peninsula. In the view of the world community, interethnic discord was what destroyed the giant Soviet empire. Consequently, it is entirely appropriate that this problem, which plays such an important role in the modern world, attracts so much scholarly interest in the context of concrete historical and practical research as well as in determining general principles of human development in space and time. Interethnic relations became especially significant in the twentieth century. In the past, interethnic relations were always an local phenomenon very closely tied to place; only in very rare cases did they cross the boundaries of locality or clan. After the huge Soviet state (since 1922, the USSR) was organized territorially and administratively along ethnic lines, and the entire population was strictly segregated according to ethnic affiliation [po svoei etnicheskoi prinadlezhnost’], the system of so-called interethnic relations acquired an independent meaning. In an analogous manner, during the post-war period, a number of countries of the so-called socialist camp were established (Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, the People’s Republic of China). -
Haitian Creole – English Dictionary
+ + Haitian Creole – English Dictionary with Basic English – Haitian Creole Appendix Jean Targète and Raphael G. Urciolo + + + + Haitian Creole – English Dictionary with Basic English – Haitian Creole Appendix Jean Targète and Raphael G. Urciolo dp Dunwoody Press Kensington, Maryland, U.S.A. + + + + Haitian Creole – English Dictionary Copyright ©1993 by Jean Targète and Raphael G. Urciolo All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the Authors. All inquiries should be directed to: Dunwoody Press, P.O. Box 400, Kensington, MD, 20895 U.S.A. ISBN: 0-931745-75-6 Library of Congress Catalog Number: 93-71725 Compiled, edited, printed and bound in the United States of America Second Printing + + Introduction A variety of glossaries of Haitian Creole have been published either as appendices to descriptions of Haitian Creole or as booklets. As far as full- fledged Haitian Creole-English dictionaries are concerned, only one has been published and it is now more than ten years old. It is the compilers’ hope that this new dictionary will go a long way toward filling the vacuum existing in modern Creole lexicography. Innovations The following new features have been incorporated in this Haitian Creole- English dictionary. 1. The definite article that usually accompanies a noun is indicated. We urge the user to take note of the definite article singular ( a, la, an or lan ) which is shown for each noun. Lan has one variant: nan. -
Canada's Disaster-Relief in Haiti and Pakistan
Understanding Government Decision-Making: Canada’s Disaster-Relief in Haiti and Pakistan Aaida Aziz Mamuji A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctorate in Philosophy degree in Public Administration Faculty of Social Sciences School of Political Studies University of Ottawa © Aaida Aziz Mamuji, Ottawa, Canada, 2014 For my Mama and Abu Jaan. Praying that you always remain pleased with me. And to Coach Gavin. Third time lucky. ii Abstract Canada coordinates its responses to natural disasters abroad through implementing its ‘whole-of-government’ policy framework. The two largest natural disasters that struck in 2010 were the January earthquake in Haiti and the flooding in Pakistan seven months later. In contrast to the fast and robust earthquake relief provided to Haiti, Canada’s response to the Pakistan floods was minimal, especially when considering the extent of damage sustained. This dissertation applies a public administration lens to trace factors that led to the Government of Canada’s 2010 disaster-relief decisions. It develops a multi-level theoretical framework to holistically explore the role of problem-definition in shaping decision-making. It applies historical institutionalism at the macro level; recognizes the role of case-specific details and arenas at the meso level; and uses the logic of appropriateness to identify informal institutions affecting individual action at the micro level. Analysis of interviews, government documents and media coverage indicates that bureaucratic actors involved in the whole-of-government approach recognize that their role is ultimately removed from final disaster-relief decisions. There is an informal acceptance that political will, more than needs in the disaster-affected region, shapes implementation decisions. -
Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence
Home > Research > Responses to Information Requests RESPONSES TO INFORMATION REQUESTS (RIRs) New Search | About RIRs | Help 16 June 2011 HTI103716.FE Haiti: Violence against women and domestic violence; in particular, the protection, services and recourse offered to victims, particularly in Jérémie, Cayes and Gonaïves (2009 - March 2011) Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Ottawa In a report published in January 2011, Amnesty International (AI) notes that sexual and gender-based violence are "omnipresent" in Haiti, although women and girls were already at high risk of being raped or subjected to other forms of sexual violence prior to the earthquake (AI Jan. 2011, 4). Likewise, according to a January 2011 Human Rights Watch report, the rate of sexual violence prior to the earthquake was high, but conditions in the camps have made women and girls even more "vulnerable." An article published on 20 October 2010 by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) states that many women and girls have become even more "vulnerable" because they have been separated from their family and must live alone. The UN Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women stated that she "... received numerous reports on the rise in violence against women and girls, in particular rape and domestic violence in IDP camps and elsewhere." However, the Rapporteur does not provide the timeframe for this increase in violence (UN 11 Oct. 2010, 6). Doctors without Borders (Médecins sans frontières, MSF) states that they have treated 212 victims of sexual violence between January and May 2010 (MSF July 2010, 19). In a November 2010 report that was sent to the Research Directorate on 16 February 2011, Solidarity Fanm Ayisyen (Solidarité Fanm Ayisyen, SOFA), a women's rights organization (Oxfam 18 Feb. -
Haitian Refugees
HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH/AMERICAS NATIONAL COALITION FOR HAITIAN REFUGEES October 1995 Vol. 7, No. 11 HAITI HUMAN RIGHTS AFTER PRESIDENT ARISTIDE===S RETURN CONTENTS I. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS..........................................................2 II. HUMAN RIGHTS OVERVIEW.............................................................................9 HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS...................................................................9 ESTABLISHING ACCOUNTABILITY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS .............................................................................................13 II. INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS IN HAITI.............................................................16 SECURITY FORCES: FORMER SOLDIERS AND NEW POLICE................16 REFORMING HAITI=S JUSTICE SYSTEM..................................................21 RESTRUCTURING HAITI=S PRISON SYSTEM ..........................................23 ELECTIONS................................................................................................26 IV. INTERNATIONAL AND U.S. POLICY .............................................................28 V. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .....................................................................................33 Human Rights Watch / Americas National Coalition for Haitian Refugees 1522 K Street, N.W., #910 275 Seventh Avenue, 25th Floor Washington, DC 2000520005----12021202 New York, NY 10001 Tel: (202) 371371----65926592 Tel: (212) 337337----00050005 Fax: (202) 371371----01240124 Fax: (212) 337337----00280028 I. SUMMARY AND