DOCSLIB.ORG

32/Autumn 2001

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
32/Autumn 2001 Journal of Issue 32 / Autumn 2001 / £4.00 Liberal DemocratHISTORY Britain’s new left? Professor John Curtice The 2001 election Implications for the Liberal Democrats Nick Cott Liberal unity frustrated The Asquith–Lloyd George split Ian Hunter The quest for Liberal reunion 1943–46 Liberals and Liberal Nationals Tony Little and Duncan Brack Great Liberal Speeches Liberal Democrat History Group’s new book Jaime Reynolds ‘Jimmy’ Biography of James de Rothschild MP Liberal Democrat History Group Issue 32: Autumn 2001 Journal of Liberal Democrat History The Journal of Liberal Democrat History is published quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group. 3 The 2001 election ISSN 1463-6557 Editor: Duncan Brack Professor John Curtice on the lessons of the 7 June election for Liberal Democrats Assistant Editor: Alison Smith Reviews Editor: Sam Crooks 6 Liberal unity frustrated Patrons Nick Cott examines the Asquith–Lloyd George split in the Liberal Party Professor Eugenio Biagini Professor Michael Freeden Professor Earl Russell 12 The quest for Liberal reunion 1943–46 Professor John Vincent Ian Hunter on the failed attempts to reunify Liberals and Liberal Nationals Editorial Board Dr Malcolm Baines; Dr Roy Douglas; Dr Barry 17 Impacts of reunification? Doyle; Dr David Dutton; Professor David Gowland; Dr Richard Grayson; Dr Michael Hart; Jaime Reynolds examines the potential electoral impacts of a reunion in the 1940s Peter Hellyer; Ian Hunter; Dr Robert Ingham; Dr J. Graham Jones; Tony Little; Professor Ian Machin; Dr Mark Pack; Dr John Powell; Iain Sharpe 21 Great Liberal Speeches Editorial/Correspondence Tony Little and Duncan Brack introduce the History Group’s latest book Contributions to the Journal – letters, articles, and book reviews – are invited. The Journal is a refereed publication; all articles submitted will 22 Liberals cheer Mr Churchill be reviewed. Contributions should be sent to: At the National Liberal Club, 22 July 1943 Duncan Brack (Editor) 38 Salford Road, London SW2 4BQ email: [email protected] 24 ‘Jimmy’ All articles copyright © their authors. The life and career of James de Rothschild MP, by Jaime Reynolds Advertisements 28 Liberal Party membership Adverts are welcome; please contact the Editor for rates. Robert Ingham answers a query on the topic of Liberal membership Subscriptions/Membership 30 Letters to the Editor An annual subscription to the Journal of Liberal Democrat History costs £10.00 (£5.00 unwaged Alan Beith MP; Hugh Pagan rate). This includes membership of the History Group unless you inform us otherwise. Overseas subscribers should add £5.00; or, a 31 Report: Post-war Liberalism and the special three-year rate is available for politics of race and immigration £40.00 total. Cheques (payable to ‘Liberal Democrat History with Lord Dholakia and Shammit Saggar; report by Sue Simmonds Group’) should be sent to: Patrick Mitchell 6 Palfrey Place, London SW8 1PA; 33 Reviews email: [email protected] Jo and Laura Grimond: A Selection of Memories and Photographs 1945–1994; reviewed by Geoffrey Sell; Paul Scherer: Lord John Russell; reviewed by Conrad Cover design concept: Lynne Featherstone Russell; Tom Reilly: Cromwell : An Honourable Enemy; reviewed by Tony Little; Published by the Liberal Democrat History Group, Eric Hopkins: Charles Masterman (1873–1927): Politician and Journalist – The c/o 38 Salford Road, London SW2 4BQ Splendid Failure; reviewed by Lawrence Irvine Iles Printed by Kall-Kwik, 426 Chiswick High Road, London W4 5TF September 2001 2 Journal of Liberal Democrat History 32 Autumn 2001 Election analysis Professor John Curtice examines the Liberal Democrat performance in the election of 7 June 2001 and draws lessons for the party’s future strategy TheThe 20012001 electionelection Implications for the Liberal Democrats our years ago, few in the party would have decided to stand down. Where this was the case the Fhoped for such a good result. Not only did party’s vote actually fell – by nearly % on average the Liberal Democrats retain all but two of the – though it had the good fortune not to lose any record haul of seats they won in , but they seats as a result, giving the new incumbents the even managed to emerge with half a dozen more chance to develop a local reputation for themselves MPs. Moreover, in contrast to the party also over the next four years. stemmed the decline in its overall share of the The party’s success in consolidating its position vote that had been taking place at every election in those seats it gained in has one very impor- since . tant consequence for its future. So long as the Lib- But political parties can rarely afford to rest on eral Democrats can keep on winning around a fifth their laurels. No sooner is one election over and it or so of the national vote, the days when it could has to think about how it can maximise its chances muster no more than two dozen MPs appear to at the next one. And as well as affirming the success have disappeared for good. The party’s break- of the strategy the party has pursued hitherto, the through in owed much to the collapse in the election also poses some key questions about Conservative vote. Because it tends to win more what its strategy should be in the future. votes in Conservative- than in Labour-held seats, Both the basis of the party’s current success and the party could profit from the decline in Con- the questions it faces about its future can be seen servative support in a way that it could not in , from looking at where the party managed to in- when it was Labour’s vote that fell away. But by crease its vote most in the election. One kind consolidating its vote in those seats it won four of seat where the party typically did relatively well years ago, the party has now begun to insulate itself comprises those marginal constituencies it was de- from the impact of any future Conservative revival. fending, together with some of those that it had Even if, at some point in the future, the Conserva- most hope of gaining. The other kind, however, was tives were to secure a lead over Labour as big as that very different in character, consisting of working- which Labour enjoyed over the Conservatives in class Labour seats where the party has traditionally June, the Liberal Democrats should still be able to found it hardest to secure support. win around three dozen seats. The party’s success in defending and capturing Meanwhile, as well as hanging on to all but two seats appears to be a vindication of a well-estab- of the seats it currently holds, the party also man- lished theme in the party’s strategy – local activity aged to pick up six seats from the Conservatives and targeting. Amongst the seats the party was de- and one from Labour, as well as to retain the by- fending, it easily did best in those which it had won election gain of Romsey, made at the expense of for the first time in , and where the new in- the Conservatives in May . These gains were cumbent MP had had an opportunity over the last made despite the fact that the Conservatives gener- four years to develop a reputation as a good con- ally enjoyed above-average increases in the share of stituency member. On average, the party’s vote rose the vote in those seats they were defending. The by no less than .% in such seats, well above the key to the party’s success here appears to have been .% average increase enjoyed across the country as its targeting efforts. It generally performed about a whole. As if to underline the importance of local four points better in targeted seats where the Con- reputation, the party struggled most to hang on to servatives were being challenged as it did in non- its vote where the local Liberal Democrat MP had targeted seats. This largely appears to have been Journal of Liberal Democrat History 32 Autumn 2001 3 higher than the .% (up from .%) that the party won in Labour-held seats. Moreover, seats where the party is sec- ond to the Conservatives () still out- number those where it is second to La- bour (). New voters for the Liberal Democrats The significance of the party’s relative success in more working-class Labour Britain lies not in any immediate transformation of the geography of Liberal Democrat support but rather as an indication of how New Labour’s continued determination to occupy the ideological centre of British poli- tics may be changing the kind of voter achieved by squeezing the Labour vote typically rose by a percentage point or the Liberal Democrats are able to woo. in seats that for the most part were so more than the national norm. Mean- There is a hint of this in ICM’s sum- ones where the Liberal Democrats had while it was in these kinds of seats that mary of all the polls they conducted not been such strong credible local Labour’s vote fell most heavily. during the election. Compared with challengers before, and where, thus, This relative success in Labour Brit- , the Liberal Democrats’ share of the incentive for Labour supporters to ain is not a wholly new phenomenon; it the vote was no higher than it was in vote tactically had not previously been was also apparent in local elections dur- amongst the most middle-class so great. ing the – parliament. Equally, AB social group, whereas it rose by Targeting in those seats where La- its impact should not be exaggerated. four points amongst the skilled work- bour was being challenged does appear, The difference between the party’s ing-class Cs as well as by two points though, to have had a more mixed share of the vote in the typical middle- amongst the DEs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Leadership and Change: Prime Ministers in the Post-War World - Alec Douglas-Home Transcript
    Leadership and Change: Prime Ministers in the Post-War World - Alec Douglas-Home Transcript Date: Thursday, 24 May 2007 - 12:00AM PRIME MINISTERS IN THE POST-WAR WORLD: ALEC DOUGLAS-HOME D.R. Thorpe After Andrew Bonar Law's funeral in Westminster Abbey in November 1923, Herbert Asquith observed, 'It is fitting that we should have buried the Unknown Prime Minister by the side of the Unknown Soldier'. Asquith owed Bonar Law no posthumous favours, and intended no ironic compliment, but the remark was a serious under-estimate. In post-war politics Alec Douglas-Home is often seen as the Bonar Law of his times, bracketed with his fellow Scot as an interim figure in the history of Downing Street between longer serving Premiers; in Bonar Law's case, Lloyd George and Stanley Baldwin, in Home's, Harold Macmillan and Harold Wilson. Both Law and Home were certainly 'unexpected' Prime Ministers, but both were also 'under-estimated' and they made lasting beneficial changes to the political system, both on a national and a party level. The unexpectedness of their accessions to the top of the greasy pole, and the brevity of their Premierships (they were the two shortest of the 20th century, Bonar Law's one day short of seven months, Alec Douglas-Home's two days short of a year), are not an accurate indication of their respective significance, even if the precise details of their careers were not always accurately recalled, even by their admirers. The Westminster village is often another world to the general public. Stanley Baldwin was once accosted on a train from Chequers to London, at the height of his fame, by a former school friend.
    [Show full text]
  • George Edward) Lord Peter Thorneycroft Oral History Interview –JFK #1, 6/19/1964 Administrative Information
    (George Edward) Lord Peter Thorneycroft Oral History Interview –JFK #1, 6/19/1964 Administrative Information Creator: (George Edward) Lord Peter Thorneycroft Interviewer: Robert Kleiman Date of Interview: June 19, 1964 Place of Interview: Washington, D.C. Length: 23 pp. Biographical Note Thorneycroft, (George Edward) Lord Peter; Minister of Aviation (1960-1962); Minister of Defence (1962-1964); Secretary of State for Defence, United Kingdom (1964). Thorneycroft discusses his interactions with John F. Kennedy [JFK] and JFK’s way of creating organic conversation. He covers the relationships between Britain, Europe, and the United States, joint weapon production, and the discussions that were held in Nassau, among other issues. Access Restrictions No restrictions. Usage Restrictions According to the deed of gift signed May 13, 1965, copyright of these materials has passed to the United States Government upon the death of the interviewee. Users of these materials are advised to determine the copyright status of any document from which they wish to publish. Copyright The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excesses of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law.
    [Show full text]
  • Liberals in Coalition
    For the study of Liberal, SDP and Issue 72 / Autumn 2011 / £10.00 Liberal Democrat history Journal of LiberalHI ST O R Y Liberals in coalition Vernon Bogdanor Riding the tiger The Liberal experience of coalition government Ian Cawood A ‘distinction without a difference’? Liberal Unionists and Conservatives Kenneth O. Morgan Liberals in coalition, 1916–1922 David Dutton Liberalism and the National Government, 1931–1940 Matt Cole ‘Be careful what you wish for’ Lessons of the Lib–Lab Pact Liberal Democrat History Group 2 Journal of Liberal History 72 Autumn 2011 new book from tHe History Group for details, see back page Journal of Liberal History issue 72: Autumn 2011 The Journal of Liberal History is published quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group. ISSN 1479-9642 Riding the tiger: the Liberal experience of 4 Editor: Duncan Brack coalition government Deputy Editor: Tom Kiehl Assistant Editor: Siobhan Vitelli Vernon Bogdanor introduces this special issue of the Journal Biographies Editor: Robert Ingham Reviews Editor: Dr Eugenio Biagini Coalition before 1886 10 Contributing Editors: Graham Lippiatt, Tony Little, York Membery Whigs, Peelites and Liberals: Angus Hawkins examines coalitions before 1886 Patrons A ‘distinction without a difference’? 14 Dr Eugenio Biagini; Professor Michael Freeden; Ian Cawood analyses how the Liberal Unionists maintained a distinctive Professor John Vincent identity from their Conservative allies, until coalition in 1895 Editorial Board The coalition of 1915–1916 26 Dr Malcolm Baines; Dr Roy Douglas; Dr Barry Doyle; Prelude to disaster: Ian Packer examines the Asquith coalition of 1915–16, Dr David Dutton; Prof. David Gowland; Prof. Richard which brought to an end the last solely Liberal government Grayson; Dr Michael Hart; Peter Hellyer; Dr J.
    [Show full text]
  • The Crime of Material Culture, the Condition of the Colonies And
    The Crime of Material Culture, the Condition of the Colonies and Utopian/Dystopian Impulses, 1908-10 Robyn Walton During the years 1908-10 in Britain and Northern Europe, a number of liter- ary authors were producing fictions that both reflected and critiqued what Joseph Conrad later described as “the crudely materialistic atmosphere of the time.”1 In 1908, Conrad and his literary collaborator Ford Madox Ford (Hueffer) were completing The Nature of a Crime , a slight tale of one Lon- don professional’s addiction to embezzlement .2 Taking this Conrad-Ford microcosm of Edwardian materialism as its point of departure, this article first analyses how a range of 1908-10 fictions represent local financial prac- tices and the impacts of Northern money-making and materialistic culture. It notes that the narratives concentrate on upwardly mobile and creative characters of the middle classes, rather than on aristocrats or on the work- ing poor and unemployed who were the subject of contemporaneous social surveys and were the most immediately affected by their social superiors’ financial criminality and mismanagement. The article then asks why – given that Northern incomes, raw materials, and finished goods frequently had their origins in the colonies and developing nations – these fictions rarely examined the impacts of global resource exploitation on regions outside Europe. A number of possible reasons why the 1908-10 authors did not at- tend to the colonies are explored. The fictions’ few allusions to colonies and developing nations are found to further the authors’ collective critique of COLLOQUY text theory critique 21 (2011). © Monash University. www.arts.monash.edu.au/ecps/colloquy/journal/issue021/walton.pdf 116 Robyn Walton ░ Europe’s materialist, capitalist culture rather than to investigate colonial cir- cumstances.
    [Show full text]
  • Anglo-Jewry's Experience of Secondary Education
    Anglo-Jewry’s Experience of Secondary Education from the 1830s until 1920 Emma Tanya Harris A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements For award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Hebrew and Jewish Studies University College London London 2007 1 UMI Number: U592088 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U592088 Published by ProQuest LLC 2013. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Abstract of Thesis This thesis examines the birth of secondary education for Jews in England, focusing on the middle classes as defined in the text. This study explores various types of secondary education that are categorised under one of two generic terms - Jewish secondary education or secondary education for Jews. The former describes institutions, offered by individual Jews, which provided a blend of religious and/or secular education. The latter focuses on non-Jewish schools which accepted Jews (and some which did not but were, nevertheless, attended by Jews). Whilst this work emphasises London and its environs, other areas of Jewish residence, both major and minor, are also investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • Curt J. Zoller Churchill Collection: Printed Materials and Ephemera: Finding Aid
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8q52v6j No online items Curt J. Zoller Churchill Collection: Printed Materials and Ephemera: Finding Aid Finding aid prepared by K. Peck. The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens Rare Books Department The Huntington Library 1151 Oxford Road San Marino, California 91108 Phone: (626) 405-2191 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.huntington.org © 2015 The Huntington Library. All rights reserved. Curt J. Zoller Churchill Collection: 609303 1 Printed Materials and Ephemera: Finding Ai... Overview of the Collection Title: Curt J. Zoller Churchill Collection: Printed Materials and Ephemera Dates (inclusive): 1902-2010 Bulk dates: 1930-1966 Collection Number: 609303 Compiler: Zoller, Curt J., 1920-2014 Extent: approximately 550 items in 17 boxes, 2 oversized folders, and 1 bound volume. Repository: The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens. Rare Books Department 1151 Oxford Road San Marino, California 91108 Phone: (626) 405-2191 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.huntington.org Abstract: The Curt J. Zoller Churchill Collection: Printed Materials and Ephemera contains approximately 550 items related to British statesman Winston Churchill (1874-1965). The items date from 1902 to 2010 and consist of articles from a variety of periodicals by and about Churchill, the text of speeches delivered by Churchill, ephemera, audio and visual materials, and printed World War II propaganda in a variety of languages. Language: Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Luxembourgish, and Norwegian. Note: Finding aid last updated on August 28, 2015. Access The collection is open to qualified researchers by prior application through the Reader Services Department.
    [Show full text]
  • Orme) Wilberforce (Albert) Raymond Blackburn (Alexander Bell
    Copyrights sought (Albert) Basil (Orme) Wilberforce (Albert) Raymond Blackburn (Alexander Bell) Filson Young (Alexander) Forbes Hendry (Alexander) Frederick Whyte (Alfred Hubert) Roy Fedden (Alfred) Alistair Cooke (Alfred) Guy Garrod (Alfred) James Hawkey (Archibald) Berkeley Milne (Archibald) David Stirling (Archibald) Havergal Downes-Shaw (Arthur) Berriedale Keith (Arthur) Beverley Baxter (Arthur) Cecil Tyrrell Beck (Arthur) Clive Morrison-Bell (Arthur) Hugh (Elsdale) Molson (Arthur) Mervyn Stockwood (Arthur) Paul Boissier, Harrow Heraldry Committee & Harrow School (Arthur) Trevor Dawson (Arwyn) Lynn Ungoed-Thomas (Basil Arthur) John Peto (Basil) Kingsley Martin (Basil) Kingsley Martin (Basil) Kingsley Martin & New Statesman (Borlasse Elward) Wyndham Childs (Cecil Frederick) Nevil Macready (Cecil George) Graham Hayman (Charles Edward) Howard Vincent (Charles Henry) Collins Baker (Charles) Alexander Harris (Charles) Cyril Clarke (Charles) Edgar Wood (Charles) Edward Troup (Charles) Frederick (Howard) Gough (Charles) Michael Duff (Charles) Philip Fothergill (Charles) Philip Fothergill, Liberal National Organisation, N-E Warwickshire Liberal Association & Rt Hon Charles Albert McCurdy (Charles) Vernon (Oldfield) Bartlett (Charles) Vernon (Oldfield) Bartlett & World Review of Reviews (Claude) Nigel (Byam) Davies (Claude) Nigel (Byam) Davies (Colin) Mark Patrick (Crwfurd) Wilfrid Griffin Eady (Cyril) Berkeley Ormerod (Cyril) Desmond Keeling (Cyril) George Toogood (Cyril) Kenneth Bird (David) Euan Wallace (Davies) Evan Bedford (Denis Duncan)
    [Show full text]
  • St Catherine's College Oxford
    MESSAGES The Year St Catherine’s College . Oxford 2013 ST CATHERINE’S COLLEGE 2013/75 MESSAGES Master and Fellows 2013 MASTER Susan C Cooper, MA (BA Richard M Berry, MA, DPhil Bart B van Es (BA, MPhil, Angela B Brueggemann, Gordon Gancz, BM BCh, MA Collby Maine, PhD California) Tutor in Physics PhD Camb) DPhil (BSc St Olaf, MSc Fellow by Special Election Professor Roger W Professor of Experimental Reader in Condensed Tutor in English Iowa) College Doctor Ainsworth, MA, DPhil, Physics Matter Physics Senior Tutor Fellow by Special Election in FRAeS Biological Sciences Geneviève A D M Peter R Franklin, MA (BA, Ashok I Handa, MA (MB BS Tommaso Pizzari, MA (BSc Wellcome Trust Career Helleringer (Maîtrise FELLOWS DPhil York) Lond), FRCS Aberd, PhD Shef) Development Fellow ESSEC, JD Columbia, Maîtrise Tutor in Music Fellow by Special Election in Tutor in Zoology Sciences Po, Maîtrise, Richard J Parish, MA, DPhil Professor of Music Medicine James E Thomson, MChem, Doctorat Paris-I Panthéon- (BA Newc) Reader in Surgery Byron W Byrne, MA, DPhil DPhil Sorbonne, Maîtrise Paris-II Tutor in French John Charles Smith, MA Tutor for Graduates (BCom, BEng Western Fellow by Special Election in Panthéon-Assas) Philip Spencer Fellow Tutor in French Linguistics Australia) Chemistry Fellow by Special Election Professor of French President of the Senior James L Bennett, MA (BA Tutor in Engineering Science in Law (Leave H14) Common Room Reading) Tutor for Admissions Andrew J Bunker, MA, DPhil Leverhulme Trust Early Fellow by Special Election Tutor in Physics
    [Show full text]
  • Walter Runciman and the Decline of the Liberal Party
    WaltER RUNCIMAN AND thE DECliNE of thE LIBERal PARTY Historians remain divided about the contribution that biography can make to their craft. Those who believe that the study of individuals is important because the decisions of those individuals affect the course of events and that the replacement of one key player in the historical mosaic can significantly change the way in which history evolves are matched by others who argue that biography inevitably exaggerates the role and significance of the individual and distorts the reality of the historical narrative. By David Dutton.1 26 Journal of Liberal History 84 Autumn 2014 WaltER RUNCIMAN AND thE DECliNE of thE LIBERal PARTY etween someone like parliament alongside his own father seafaring family. Two of his great- Thomas Carlyle, who and even of having preceded him grandfathers fought as midshipmen Bwrote that ‘history is the there. A governmental colleague at Trafalgar, while his father, also essence of innumerable biogra- offered a very fair assessment of him called Walter, rose from humble phies’, and the committed Marxist in 1912. ‘Runciman,’ he wrote, ‘is beginnings to own a major ship- who views the individual as a help- able, honest, hard-working, coura- ping company in the north-east. less cork bobbing up and down on geous, but while a good speaker, The traditional Liberal commit- the remorseless tides of economic just lacks that touch of genius which ment to free trade was part of the determinism, there can be no meet- Churchill has got, and that charm young Walter’s thinking as a pros- ing of minds.2 But somewhere which Lloyd George abounds in.
    [Show full text]
  • Members of Parliament Disqualified Since 1900 This Document Provides Information About Members of Parliament Who Have Been Disqu
    Members of Parliament Disqualified since 1900 This document provides information about Members of Parliament who have been disqualified since 1900. It is impossible to provide an entirely exhaustive list, as in many cases, the disqualification of a Member is not directly recorded in the Journal. For example, in the case of Members being appointed 5 to an office of profit under the Crown, it has only recently become practice to record the appointment of a Member to such an office in the Journal. Prior to this, disqualification can only be inferred from the writ moved for the resulting by-election. It is possible that in some circumstances, an election could have occurred before the writ was moved, in which case there would be no record from which to infer the disqualification, however this is likely to have been a rare occurrence. This list is based on 10 the writs issued following disqualification and the reason given, such as appointments to an office of profit under the Crown; appointments to judicial office; election court rulings and expulsion. Appointment of a Member to an office of profit under the Crown in the Chiltern Hundreds or the Manor of Northstead is a device used to allow Members to resign their seats, as it is not possible to simply resign as a Member of Parliament, once elected. This is by far the most common means of 15 disqualification. There are a number of Members disqualified in the early part of the twentieth century for taking up Ministerial Office. Until the passage of the Re-Election of Ministers Act 1919, Members appointed to Ministerial Offices were disqualified and had to seek re-election.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Government: Lessons from America
    OPEN GOVERNMENT Lessons from America STEWART DRESNER May 1980 £3.00 OPEN GOVERNMENT: LESSONS FROM AMERICA CONTENTS Page Foreword Preface I Introduction 1 II The Open Government Concept and the British Government response 3 III Hew Open Government Legislation works in the United States 8 (1) Hie Freedom of Information Act 8 (2) The Privacy Act 25 (3) The Government in the Sunshine Act 31 IV What needs to be kept secret? 42 V Who uses the American Open Government Laws? 60 (1) Public Interest Groups 61 (2) The Media 69 (3) Individuals and Scholars 74 (4) Companies 76 (5) Civil Servants 80 VI Balancing Public Access to Government Information with the Protection of Individual Privacy 88 (1) The Issues 88 (2) The Protection of Personal Information by the U.S. Privacy Act 1974 91 (3) The Personal Privacy Exenption to the 101A 96 (4) The Relationship between the IOIA and the PA 98 (5) Public Access and Privacy Protection in an Administrative Programme 99 ii Page VII Ensuring Government Compliance with Public Access legislation 105 (1) Actaiinistrative Procedures 105 (2) Appeal Procedures 107 (3) Monitoring the Effectiveness of Public Access Legislation 117 VIII Ihe Costs and Benefits of Open Government 126 (1) National Security 127 (2) Constitutional Relationships 127 (3) Administrative and other Costs 132 IX Conclusion: Information, Democracy and Power 141 Bibliography i-xi FOREWORD Last year the related subjects of official secrets and freedom of information had a thorough but abortive airing. Mr. Clement Freud's Official Information Bill after a long and interesting committee stage became a victim of the general election.
    [Show full text]
  • Financial Times , 1986, UK, English
    . » . , ' ftmfi 1 .'. ,-'SdL?0 Wma.. 10 2563 .. hisa • B**--fr-0&50 ** Capital markets: um S Af a^a . Re : 9**» S CO *»...., ,Y550 GSUH> S*g*Rf . SS< \0 M.„ • -.ffcWO CULTS ... P»1H w*w - • pfife %B7 W releasing 3" ****'. .DwU.Ob.LM '.Ik: 33 Ki.» S«A . Or?H -fetal V..M&3) $***=6 SfcTTj the bonds. Page 17 Aw* -- ffi. 8.00 "K*'S95 9*pf. W2.» l«=s» FINANCIALTIME .rftaftC'3 ; N r*fer *_ l?33 EUROPE’S gj-2Ssag tag. ns £^3*" J/ BUSINESS NEWSPAPER > £- ..sGk&W ....ft*. 15 fe4l 34*- rSUSi O j .y- No. 29,923 Thursday May 8 1986 D 8523 B Workf news summary.. --I Summit accord ®“t'h e*S *OllC0 »tab„ a^io, S?V CO-OPf^ £ • i •u * jl will not inhibit explosion Bank team With llUClear body crack dowa on share blamed goes to US retaliation’ BY REGINALD DALE IN TOKYO salesmen 2tito on Tamils Grenfell over Chernobyl PRESIDENT Ronald Reagan yes- however, be shared by European By Clive Wolman In London mocked A-bomb two floors of Col- MORGAN terday made clear that he did not leaders, who had thought that their central GRENFELL has recruit . on*6’s telegraph office, kill. regard the Tokyo summit agree- willingness to subscribe to new DUTCH police have mounted a seri- ed a six-member team from New BY PATRICK BLUM IN VIENNA po- people ment to combat terrorism by politi- es of searcb-and'Seijure raids on mg 31 and wounding 114. York's litical measures would head off fur- Chemical Bank to head its Sri Union is being took placeln the early hours of the use of nuclear energy.
    [Show full text]