DOCSLIB.ORG

Identification of Biomarker Responses in Humans Under Experimentally Induced Zinc Depletion

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Identification of Biomarker Responses in Humans Under Experimentally Induced Zinc Depletion IDENTIFICATION OF BIOMARKER RESPONSES IN HUMANS UNDER EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED ZINC DEPLETION By MOON-SUHN RYU A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 © 2011 Moon-Suhn Ryu 2 To my parents, Ji-Chul Ryu and Soon-Young Park, and my grandmother, Jung-Seo Seo 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The achievements from the past years in my life as a doctoral student would not exist without the presence of the support and love from my family far way in South Korea. I thank my parents for their love and belief in me which have been the greatest motivation for me to pursue accomplishments and success with my best efforts. I also render my gratefulness to my younger sister, Jin-Suhn Ryu, for being the best supporter in all aspects of my life. Additionally, I thank everyone with whom I shared the moments in the lab, especially, Dr. Juan P. Liuzzi, Dr. Louis A. Lichten, Dr. Liang Guo, Dr. Shou- mei Chang, Tolunay Beker Aydemir, for their invaluable advices and help. The excitement from our findings was always the greatest motivation for me to stay in progress. I also thank Gregory Guthrie, Alyssa Maki, Luisa Rios and Vanessa Da Silva for their cheer and support, particularly, during the last year of my doctoral research. I thank Meena Shankar and the staff members at the General Clinical Research Center for their advices and assistance during the phases of study design and implementation of the dietary regimen. Finally, I fully render my gratefulness to my supervisory committee members, Dr. Robert J. Cousins, Dr. Bobbi Langkamp-Henken, Dr. James F. Collins and Dr. Nancy D. Denslow, for being the best mentors and role-models for my career in the field of nutrition and molecular biology. Their advice has been the key for the development of my insights in research, and will last long in my minds. Especially, I thank Dr. Robert J. Cousins for allowing me to substantiate my thoughts and ideas by research, and for encouraging me to continue my journey in the field of discovery by science. I will truly miss the times under his guidance at the University of Florida, and will continue my best with pride of being a previous member of the Cousins lab. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 8 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 9 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... 11 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... 15 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 17 Zinc Biology ............................................................................................................ 17 Regulation of Zinc Homeostasis ............................................................................. 18 Whole Body Zinc .............................................................................................. 18 Cellular Zinc ..................................................................................................... 20 Dietary Zinc Deficiency ........................................................................................... 21 Biomarker Studies of Dietary Zinc Deficiency ......................................................... 23 Blood MT and Zinc Transporters ...................................................................... 24 Cellular Zinc Concentrations ............................................................................ 25 Other Potential Zinc Indices ............................................................................. 26 Advances in Techniques for Transcriptome Analysis ............................................. 29 Microarray Analysis .......................................................................................... 29 RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) ........................................................................... 30 Sampling and Processing of Biospecimens for Transcriptome Profiling ................. 31 Study Aims .............................................................................................................. 32 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS ................................................................................ 34 Human Subjects ..................................................................................................... 34 Acute Dietary Zinc Depletion .................................................................................. 34 Sample Collection ................................................................................................... 35 Preparation of Buccal RNA ..................................................................................... 36 Processing of Blood Samples ................................................................................. 37 Measures of Serum Zinc Concentrations ................................................................ 38 Isolation and Processing of Blood Cell RNA ........................................................... 39 RNA Amplification, Hybridization, and Microarray Analysis .................................... 39 Microarray Data Analysis ........................................................................................ 40 Real-Time Quantitative PCR ................................................................................... 41 Western Analysis of RBC Zinc Transporters ........................................................... 42 Immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry ......................................................... 43 5 Whole Blood Cytokine Assay .................................................................................. 44 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay................................................................... 44 Isolation and Quantitation of Serum MicroRNA ...................................................... 45 Statistical Analysis .................................................................................................. 46 3 IDENTIFICATION OF ZINC-RESPONSIVE GENE TRANSCRIPTS IN BUCCAL AND BLOOD CELLS .............................................................................................. 53 Introductory Remarks.............................................................................................. 53 Results .................................................................................................................... 55 Experimental Zinc-Depletion in Human Subjects ............................................. 55 Effects of Zinc-Depletion on Zinc-Related Transcript Levels ............................ 56 Whole Blood RNA Processing and Quality Assessment for Microarray Analysis ......................................................................................................... 57 Global Effect of Zinc-Depletion on Whole Blood Transcriptome ....................... 58 Gene Transcripts with Potential of being Biomarkers of Zinc Deficiency .......... 61 Discussion .............................................................................................................. 62 4 EFFECTS OF ACUTE DIETARY ZINC DEPLETION ON WHOLE BLOOD CYTOKINE RELEASE INDUCED BY EX VIVO IMMUNOCHALLENGES ............ 100 Introductory Remarks............................................................................................ 100 Results .................................................................................................................. 102 Inflammatory Cytokine Production by Whole Blood ........................................ 102 Zinc Transporter Transcript Levels ................................................................. 103 Discussion ............................................................................................................ 103 5 SERUM MICRORNA AS BIOMARKERS OF DIETARY ZINC STATUS ............... 114 Introductory Remarks............................................................................................ 114 Results .................................................................................................................. 115 Discussion ............................................................................................................ 116 6 ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE ZINC TRANSPORTERS AND DEMATIN LEVELS IN HUMANS UNDER SHORT-TERM DIETARY ZINC RESTRICTION .. 124 Introductory Remarks............................................................................................ 124 Results .................................................................................................................. 125 Erythrocyte Zinc Transporter Expression during Low Zinc Intake .................. 125 Identification of Dematin as a Zinc-Responsive Erythrocyte Membrane Protein ......................................................................................................... 125 Discussion ............................................................................................................ 127 7 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS .................................................... 138 APPENDIX A SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRE
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Significance of the Evolutionary Relationship of Prion Proteins and ZIP Transporters in Health and Disease
    The Significance of the Evolutionary Relationship of Prion Proteins and ZIP Transporters in Health and Disease by Sepehr Ehsani A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto © Copyright by Sepehr Ehsani 2012 The Significance of the Evolutionary Relationship of Prion Proteins and ZIP Transporters in Health and Disease Sepehr Ehsani Doctor of Philosophy Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto 2012 Abstract The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is unique amongst mammalian proteins in that it not only has the capacity to aggregate (in the form of scrapie PrP; PrPSc) and cause neuronal degeneration, but can also act as an independent vector for the transmission of disease from one individual to another of the same or, in some instances, other species. Since the discovery of PrPC nearly thirty years ago, two salient questions have remained largely unanswered, namely, (i) what is the normal function of the cellular protein in the central nervous system, and (ii) what is/are the factor(s) involved in the misfolding of PrPC into PrPSc? To shed light on aspects of these questions, we undertook a discovery-based interactome investigation of PrPC in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Chapter 2), and among the candidate interactors, identified two members of the ZIP family of zinc transporters (ZIP6 and ZIP10) as possessing a PrP-like domain. Detailed analyses revealed that the LIV-1 subfamily of ZIP transporters (to which ZIPs 6 and 10 belong) are in fact the evolutionary ancestors of prions (Chapter 3).
    [Show full text]
  • Loss of the Dermis Zinc Transporter ZIP13 Promotes the Mildness Of
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Loss of the dermis zinc transporter ZIP13 promotes the mildness of fbrosarcoma by inhibiting autophagy Mi-Gi Lee1,8, Min-Ah Choi2,8, Sehyun Chae3,8, Mi-Ae Kang4, Hantae Jo4, Jin-myoung Baek4, Kyu-Ree In4, Hyein Park4, Hyojin Heo4, Dongmin Jang5, Sofa Brito4, Sung Tae Kim6, Dae-Ok Kim 1,7, Jong-Soo Lee4, Jae-Ryong Kim2* & Bum-Ho Bin 4* Fibrosarcoma is a skin tumor that is frequently observed in humans, dogs, and cats. Despite unsightly appearance, studies on fbrosarcoma have not signifcantly progressed, due to a relatively mild tumor severity and a lower incidence than that of other epithelial tumors. Here, we focused on the role of a recently-found dermis zinc transporter, ZIP13, in fbrosarcoma progression. We generated two transformed cell lines from wild-type and ZIP13-KO mice-derived dermal fbroblasts by stably expressing the Simian Virus (SV) 40-T antigen. The ZIP13−/− cell line exhibited an impairment in autophagy, followed by hypersensitivity to nutrient defciency. The autophagy impairment in the ZIP13−/− cell line was due to the low expression of LC3 gene and protein, and was restored by the DNA demethylating agent, 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-aza) treatment. Moreover, the DNA methyltransferase activity was signifcantly increased in the ZIP13−/− cell line, indicating the disturbance of epigenetic regulations. Autophagy inhibitors efectively inhibited the growth of fbrosarcoma with relatively minor damages to normal cells in xenograft assay. Our data show that proper control over autophagy and zinc homeostasis could allow for the development of a new therapeutic strategy to treat fbrosarcoma.
    [Show full text]
  • Protein Identities in Evs Isolated from U87-MG GBM Cells As Determined by NG LC-MS/MS
    Protein identities in EVs isolated from U87-MG GBM cells as determined by NG LC-MS/MS. No. Accession Description Σ Coverage Σ# Proteins Σ# Unique Peptides Σ# Peptides Σ# PSMs # AAs MW [kDa] calc. pI 1 A8MS94 Putative golgin subfamily A member 2-like protein 5 OS=Homo sapiens PE=5 SV=2 - [GG2L5_HUMAN] 100 1 1 7 88 110 12,03704523 5,681152344 2 P60660 Myosin light polypeptide 6 OS=Homo sapiens GN=MYL6 PE=1 SV=2 - [MYL6_HUMAN] 100 3 5 17 173 151 16,91913397 4,652832031 3 Q6ZYL4 General transcription factor IIH subunit 5 OS=Homo sapiens GN=GTF2H5 PE=1 SV=1 - [TF2H5_HUMAN] 98,59 1 1 4 13 71 8,048185945 4,652832031 4 P60709 Actin, cytoplasmic 1 OS=Homo sapiens GN=ACTB PE=1 SV=1 - [ACTB_HUMAN] 97,6 5 5 35 917 375 41,70973209 5,478027344 5 P13489 Ribonuclease inhibitor OS=Homo sapiens GN=RNH1 PE=1 SV=2 - [RINI_HUMAN] 96,75 1 12 37 173 461 49,94108966 4,817871094 6 P09382 Galectin-1 OS=Homo sapiens GN=LGALS1 PE=1 SV=2 - [LEG1_HUMAN] 96,3 1 7 14 283 135 14,70620005 5,503417969 7 P60174 Triosephosphate isomerase OS=Homo sapiens GN=TPI1 PE=1 SV=3 - [TPIS_HUMAN] 95,1 3 16 25 375 286 30,77169764 5,922363281 8 P04406 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase OS=Homo sapiens GN=GAPDH PE=1 SV=3 - [G3P_HUMAN] 94,63 2 13 31 509 335 36,03039959 8,455566406 9 Q15185 Prostaglandin E synthase 3 OS=Homo sapiens GN=PTGES3 PE=1 SV=1 - [TEBP_HUMAN] 93,13 1 5 12 74 160 18,68541938 4,538574219 10 P09417 Dihydropteridine reductase OS=Homo sapiens GN=QDPR PE=1 SV=2 - [DHPR_HUMAN] 93,03 1 1 17 69 244 25,77302971 7,371582031 11 P01911 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen,
    [Show full text]
  • MA Identifier Upordown LFC Avgexpr T P Value P Corrected
    MA_Identifier UpOrDown LFC AvgExpr t p_value p_corrected mRNA_Accession mRNA_Name AGT_Accession GD214292.1 Up 2.09674838 10.60378749 30.17940104 1.3532E-12 4.15339E-08 No Good Match No Good Match TR73477|c2_g4_i1 EB253690.1 Up 1.42056324 8.629454582 16.9400776 8.61647E-10 4.15339E-08 No Good Match No Good Match TR114624|c0_g1_i1 EB324506.1 Up 1.714877372 11.7626061 29.56600148 1.62329E-12 4.15339E-08 XM_013079935 uncharacterized LOC101862711, transcript variant X2 TR105757|c1_g1_i3 EB244298.1 Up 1.504941765 13.13555745 25.49705172 8.54949E-12 6.17912E-08 XM_005093725 uncharacterized LOC101862711, transcript variant X3 TR105757|c1_g1_i1 EB350631.1 Up 1.951725495 13.11211692 23.57801356 2.22739E-11 1.45399E-07 No Good Match No Good Match TR674|c0_g1_i1 EB250403.1 Up 2.236254197 12.79847784 21.59049993 6.28948E-11 3.48034E-07 No Good Match No Good Match TR107643|c0_g1_i1 EB229658.1 Up 1.196239323 12.26876042 18.23277846 3.64746E-10 5.66891E-07 No Good Match No Good Match CL455Contig2 EB349970.1 Up 0.915715907 13.66977042 17.25614464 6.50486E-10 8.43055E-07 No Good Match No Good Match TR112158|c9_g9_i1 EB215450.1 Down -0.779710678 9.573335222 -15.07554052 2.88601E-09 1.03781E-06 No Good Match No Good Match TR81289|c1_g1_i5 EB256532.1 Up 0.957584438 12.63905003 15.56227553 2.07024E-09 1.19669E-06 No Good Match No Good Match TR64854|c4_g1_i2 EB261386.1 Up 0.771865585 7.532393475 13.39242509 1.06221E-08 1.19669E-06 No Good Match No Good Match TR87266|c0_g1_i1 EB323709.1 Up 0.993428329 8.843840926 14.33197647 5.17673E-09 1.19669E-06 XM_013085446
    [Show full text]
  • 9-Azido Analogs of Three Sialic Acid Forms for Metabolic Remodeling Of
    Supporting Information 9-Azido Analogs of Three Sialic Acid Forms for Metabolic Remodeling of Cell-Surface Sialoglycans Bo Cheng,†,‡ Lu Dong,†,§ Yuntao Zhu,†,‡ Rongbing Huang,†,‡ Yuting Sun,†,‖ Qiancheng You,†,‡ Qitao Song,†,§ James C. Paton, ∇ Adrienne W. Paton,∇ and Xing Chen*,†,‡,§,⊥,# †College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, ‡Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, §Peking−Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences,‖Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, ⊥Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, and #Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China ∇Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia Page S1 Table of Contents: Scheme S1.……………………………………………………….........……………. S3 Figure S1……………………………………………………..………..……………. S3 Figure S2……………………………………………………..………..…………… S4 Figure S3……………………………………………………..………..…………… S4 Figure S4……………………………………………………..………..…………… S5 Figure S5……………………………………………………..………..…………… S6 Figure S6……………………………………………………..………..…………….S7 Figure S7……………………………………………………..………..…………….S8 Figure S8……………………………………………………..………..…………….S9 Experimental Procedures……………………………….…........…………....S10-S27 Table S1………………………………………………..………..…………….S28-S48 Supporting Reference……………………………………………….......………...S49 Page S2 Scheme S1. Synthesis of 9AzNeu5Gc Figure S1: a, b, c, d) Representative scatter plots (FSC vs. SSC) and histograms of flow cytometry analysis
    [Show full text]
  • Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling Provides Insight Into
    BASIC RESEARCH www.jasn.org Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling Provides Insight into Mesangial Cell Function in IgA Nephropathy † † ‡ Peidi Liu,* Emelie Lassén,* Viji Nair, Celine C. Berthier, Miyuki Suguro, Carina Sihlbom,§ † | † Matthias Kretzler, Christer Betsholtz, ¶ Börje Haraldsson,* Wenjun Ju, Kerstin Ebefors,* and Jenny Nyström* *Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, §Proteomics Core Facility at University of Gothenburg, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; †Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; ‡Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan; |Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and ¶Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet Novum, Huddinge, Sweden ABSTRACT IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common GN worldwide, is characterized by circulating galactose-deficient IgA (gd-IgA) that forms immune complexes. The immune complexes are deposited in the glomerular mesangium, leading to inflammation and loss of renal function, but the complete pathophysiology of the disease is not understood. Using an integrated global transcriptomic and proteomic profiling approach, we investigated the role of the mesangium in the onset and progression of IgAN. Global gene expression was investigated by microarray analysis of the glomerular compartment of renal biopsy specimens from patients with IgAN (n=19) and controls (n=22). Using curated glomerular cell type–specific genes from the published literature, we found differential expression of a much higher percentage of mesangial cell–positive standard genes than podocyte-positive standard genes in IgAN. Principal coordinate analysis of expression data revealed clear separation of patient and control samples on the basis of mesangial but not podocyte cell–positive standard genes.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Datasheet DHX15 Rnai H00001665
    Product Datasheet DHX15 RNAi H00001665-R02-20nmol Unit Size: 20 nmol Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles. Protocols, Publications, Related Products, Reviews, Research Tools and Images at: www.novusbio.com/H00001665-R02 Updated 4/25/2019 v.20.1 Earn rewards for product reviews and publications. Submit a publication at www.novusbio.com/publications Submit a review at www.novusbio.com/reviews/destination/H00001665-R02 Page 1 of 2 v.20.1 Updated 4/25/2019 H00001665-R02-20nmol DHX15 RNAi Product Information Unit Size 20 nmol Concentration Concentration is not relevant for this product. Please see the protocols for proper use of this product. Storage Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles. Buffer DEPC-treated Water Product Description Gene ID 1665 Gene Symbol DHX15 Species Human Specificity/Sensitivity spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, late, pseudogene (SEDLP) on chromosome 19 Notes This product is produced by and distributed for Abnova, a company based in Taiwan. Product Application Details Applications RNA Inhibition, RNAi sequence position Recommended Dilutions RNA Inhibition, RNAi sequence position Application Notes This RNAi causes protein knockdown. Novus Biologicals USA Novus Biologicals Canada 10730 E. Briarwood Avenue 461 North Service Road West, Unit B37 Centennial, CO 80112 Oakville, ON L6M 2V5 USA Canada Phone: 303.730.1950 Phone: 905.827.6400 Toll Free: 1.888.506.6887 Toll Free: 855.668.8722 Fax: 303.730.1966 Fax: 905.827.6402 [email protected] [email protected] Novus Biologicals Europe General Contact Information 19 Barton Lane www.novusbio.com Abingdon Science Park Technical Support: [email protected] Abingdon, OX14 3NB, United Kingdom Orders: [email protected] Phone: (44) (0) 1235 529449 General: [email protected] Free Phone: 0800 37 34 15 Fax: (44) (0) 1235 533420 [email protected] Limitations This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Acid on the Dynamics of Intracellular Zinc and the Marker Expressions Of
    The Effect of Acid on the Dynamics of Intracellular Zinc and the Marker Expressions of Pluripotency in Somatic Cells A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science Yuli Hu April 2021 © 2021 Yuli Hu. All Rights Reserved. 2 This thesis titled The Effect of Acid on the Dynamics of Intracellular Zinc and the Marker Expressions of Pluripotency in Somatic Cells by YULI HU has been approved for the Department of Biological Sciences and the College of Arts and Sciences by Yang V. Li Professor of Biomedical Sciences Florenz Plassmann Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 Abstract YULI HU, M.S., April 2021, Biological Sciences The Effect of Acid on the Dynamics of Intracellular Zinc and the Marker Expressions of Pluripotency in Somatic Cells Director of Thesis: Yang V. Li Microenvironmental pH is one of the factors that affect the stability of zinc- protein binding. The tight binding between zinc and proteins is favored by the basic pH, whereas acidic pH favors a loose bound, and treatment of strong acid results in the dissociation of zinc. Physiologically, the stomach uses a very acidic pH to digest food which results in a high amount of soluble zinc in the stomach. Whether or not zinc co- present with acid and the effect of zinc on the gastric lining has rarely been discussed. In my experiments, acidic treatment induced the expression of a pluripotent marker in primary cultured gastric cells. It also stimulated the release of intracellular zinc, suggesting that acidic pH supported protein expression through dynamic zinc regulation.
    [Show full text]
  • Requirement of Zinc Transporter ZIP10 for Epidermal Development: Implication of the ZIP10–P63 Axis in Epithelial Homeostasis
    Requirement of zinc transporter ZIP10 for epidermal development: Implication of the ZIP10–p63 axis in epithelial homeostasis Bum-Ho Bina,1,2, Jinhyuk Bhinb,1, Mikiro Takaishic, Koh-ei Toyoshimad, Saeko Kawamatae, Kana Itoe, Takafumi Harae, Takashi Watanabef, Tarou Iriéa,g, Teruhisa Takagishie, Su-Hyon Leeh, Haeng-Sun Jungh, Sangchul Rhoi, Juyeon Seoj, Dong-Hwa Choik, Daehee Hwangl, Haruhiko Kosekim, Osamu Oharaf, Shigetoshi Sanoc, Takashi Tsujid, Kenji Mishimaa, and Toshiyuki Fukadaa,e,n,2 aDivision of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; bDivision of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; cDepartment of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku 783-8505, Japan; dLaboratory for Organ Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; eMolecular and Cellular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan; fLaboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; gDivision of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Iwate Medical University, Iwate 028-3694, Japan; hBio Solution Corporation, Seoul 139-743, Republic of Korea; iInstitute of Environmental and Energy Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; jAmorepacific R&D Unit, Beauty in Longevity Science Research Division, Beauty Food Research Team, Youngin 17074, Republic of Korea; kGyeonggi Bio Center, Gyeonggi Institute of Science and Technology Promotion, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea; lDepartment of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; mLaboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0042, Japan; and nRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan Edited by Joan S.
    [Show full text]
  • This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G
    This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. PHENOTYPES AND GENETIC MARKERS OF CANCER CACHEXIA Neil Johns MD Thesis presented to The University of Edinburgh – 2015 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................... i Declaration of originality ............................................................................. iii List of publications arising from this thesis .............................................. iv Abbreviations ................................................................................................ v Abstract ........................................................................................................ xi Chapter 1 – Introduction
    [Show full text]
  • Frontiersin.Org 1 April 2015 | Volume 9 | Article 123 Saunders Et Al
    ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 28 April 2015 doi: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00123 Influx mechanisms in the embryonic and adult rat choroid plexus: a transcriptome study Norman R. Saunders 1*, Katarzyna M. Dziegielewska 1, Kjeld Møllgård 2, Mark D. Habgood 1, Matthew J. Wakefield 3, Helen Lindsay 4, Nathalie Stratzielle 5, Jean-Francois Ghersi-Egea 5 and Shane A. Liddelow 1, 6 1 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia, 2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 3 Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia, 4 Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 5 Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5292, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 6 Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA The transcriptome of embryonic and adult rat lateral ventricular choroid plexus, using a combination of RNA-Sequencing and microarray data, was analyzed by functional groups of influx transporters, particularly solute carrier (SLC) transporters. RNA-Seq Edited by: Joana A. Palha, was performed at embryonic day (E) 15 and adult with additional data obtained at University of Minho, Portugal intermediate ages from microarray analysis. The largest represented functional group Reviewed by: in the embryo was amino acid transporters (twelve) with expression levels 2–98 times Fernanda Marques, University of Minho, Portugal greater than in the adult. In contrast, in the adult only six amino acid transporters Hanspeter Herzel, were up-regulated compared to the embryo and at more modest enrichment levels Humboldt University, Germany (<5-fold enrichment above E15).
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Information a Clickable Analogue of Cerulenin As
    Supporting Information A Clickable Analogue of Cerulenin as Chemical Probe to Explore Protein Palmitoylation Baohui Zheng, Shunying Zhu, and Xu Wu* Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 149, 13th street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA *Corresponding author Email: [email protected] ! General procedures All chemicals were purchased from Sigma-aldrich, Alfa Aesar, Fisher Scientific or Acros and were used as received. Azide-biotin was purchased from Click Chemistry Tools. The silica gel used in flash column chromatography was from Aldrich (Cat. 60737, pore size 60 Å, 230-400 mesh). The 1H and 13C NMR spectra were obtained on a Varian 500M spectrometer. Chemical shifts are reported in δ ppm values downfield from tetramethylsilane and J values are reported in Hz. malonic acid O piperidine 1) PhSeCl O O 11 O 11 11 OH acetic acid 2) H2O2, 50% DMSO, 85% O NaClO, pyridine NH , H O PDC, CH Cl O 3 2 NH2 2 2 11 O 60% 11 80% 70% OH O O O NH2 11 O O 3 Scheme S1. Synthesis of cerulenin analogue 3. 1. Synthesis of cis-2, 3-Epoxy-4-oxooctadec-17-ynamide (3) malonic acid O O piperidine 1) PhSeCl 11 O OH 11 O acetic acid 11 2) H O , 50% DMSO, 85% 2 2 O NaClO, pyridine NH , H O PDC, CH Cl O 3 2 NH2 2 2 11 O 60% 11 80% 70% OH O O O NH2 11 O O 3 (E)-octadec-3-en-17-ynoic acid Piperidine (11.7 µL, 0.118 mmol) and acetic acid (6.8 µL, 0.118 mmol) were stirred for 5 min in 0.5 mL DMSO at room temperature.
    [Show full text]