Name ______Per. ______Pg. # ______What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty? Objective: ● Describe the historical circumstances that led to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Introduction ➡ Directions: Read the situation below, then answer the question that follows. President Smith in Year 1 President Smith in Year 4
President Smith won 80% of the Over the last four years, President votes in a year with the highest Smith’s policies proved disastrous voter turnout ever. The president’s for the country. War broke out with first actions led to peace with the two of the country’s long held allies country’s greatest enemy, more and there are rebellions against the money in people’s bank accounts, federal government in some states. safer roads, and less polluted The country is in a depression. drinking water and air. Millions of people lost their jobs and The people cheered the president at thousands lost their homes. There speech and the president’s approval has been drought and famine in the rating was 85%. midwest. The president’s approval rating is 15%.
president by Luis Prado from the Noun Project 1. What evidence could President Smith have used in year 1 to support the 2. If you wanted to the be the next president, what evidence would you use following claim: in year 4 to support the following claim: “Our country is blessed that I am the president. I should be give the right to “President Smith has lost the right to rule. The president should be replaced, rule for eight more years.” and I should be the next one.”
UNIT 6 | Ottomans and Ming Pre-1600 | SQ 9: What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty?
What is the Dynastic Cycle and the Mandate of Heaven? ➡ Directions: Examine the image and read the text below, then answer the questions about the dynastic cycle and Mandate of Heaven.
The dynastic cycle is a political theory in Chinese history. Dynasties are ruling families who usually identify their time in power with their family name. For example, the Qin Dynasty (ruled 221-207 BCE) and Han Dynasty (206 BC–220 AD).
The dynastic cycle theory states that dynasties gain and lose power over time. All dynasties that rise, will eventually fall. When dynasties gain power, their success is seen as evidence that they have the Mandate of Heaven. A mandate is the authority to do something. The Mandate of Heaven was the authority to rule China, given by the gods, or heaven.
Dynasties claimed that they had the mandate of heaven to support their claim to rule. They did this usually by winning wars against other groups competing for power, then by bringing peace and taking actions to improve China.
At the end of dynasty, a ruling family lost the Mandate of Heaven when poor rulers and mistreatment of the people led to revolts and invasions.
In response, other groups who wanted power led rebellions and the most successful group took over the country, claimed the Mandate of Heaven, and the dynastic cycle began again.
1. What was the Mandate of Heaven? 2. Describe the Dynastic Cycle. 3. What evidence of the dynastic cycle have you learned about in global history? Evidence could come from regions other than China.
UNIT 6 | Ottomans and Ming Pre-1600 | SQ 9: What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty?
What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty? ➡ Directions: Watch this excerpt from the PBS, The Story of China: Hongwu and read the text and diagram and chart below, then respond to the questions. Contextualize By the middle of the 14th century, the Yuan dynasty, run by the Mongols was in decline. Like all Chinese dynasties, it was coming to an end and the evidence that the rulers had lost the Mandate of Heaven was everywhere. The government was corrupt, spent too much money on wars, and they could not collect enough taxes from the population to provide them with the services to keep them content. In addition, many Chinese leaders grew tired of being ruled by the foreign Mongols. They wanted a return to China run by Chinese. In 1368, a rebel leader named Zhu Yuanzhang (1328-1398) who led a group of bandits against the Yuan military and other rivals who wanted power, captured the capital city and declared the start of the Ming dynasty (1369-1644).
The early Ming emperors pushed the Mongols and other nomadic tribes north and secured their borders. They reinforced and expanded the Great Wall of China (video) continuously throughout their dynasty’s reign. Much of the Great Wall as we know it today was built during the Ming dynasty.
Map image: H. Braun, L. Forman, H. Brodsky, Reviewing Global History and Geography, AMSCO (adapted) from the NYS Global History and Geography Regents; Kublai Khan image is courtesy of Wikimedia Commons and is public domain; Battle image is courtesy of Wikimedia Commons and is public domain; Chart content: History of China. (2017, June 22). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 14:32, July 18, 2017, from here. UNIT 6 | Ottomans and Ming Pre-1600 | SQ 9: What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty?
1. Who ruled China before the start of the Ming Dynasty? 4. Why did Zhu Yuanzhang rebel in 1368?
2. Why was the Yuan dynasty in decline? 5. What was the major impact of this rebellion?
3. Describe Zhu Yuanzhang’s life before he became the first Emperor of 6. What actions did the Hongwu Emperor (ruled 1368–98) take to gain, the Ming Dynasty and renamed himself Hongwu [video]. consolidate, and maintain power [video]?
UNIT 6 | Ottomans and Ming Pre-1600 | SQ 9: What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty? SQ 9: What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty? FA ➡ Directions: Using evidence from above, complete the Combined Context Expansion Sentence activity below to provide context for the founding of the Ming Dynasty. An example using the Fall of Rome is provided.
Example: Fall of the Roman Empire Who? Roman Empire
When? 476 CE Contextualize Where? Europe and North Africa
How?/Why? political turmoil, invasions, introduction of Christianity
Combined In 476 CE, the Roman Empire which stretched across Europe and Writing Strategies Used: Prepositional phrase (In 476 CE) Context North Africa, collapsed because of political turmoil, invasions, and Conjunctions (because, and) Expansion tensions caused by the introduction of Christianity. Sentence 1
Combined The Roman Empire, an expansive state that stretched across Writing Strategies Used: Appositives (...,an expansive state that Context Europe and North Africa, collapsed in 476 CE due to political stretched across Europe and North Expansion turmoil, invasions, and tensions caused by the introduction of Africa,...) Conjunctions (due to, and) Sentence 2 Christianity.
UNIT 6 | Ottomans and Ming Pre-1600 | SQ 9: What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty?
Event: Founding of the Ming Dynasty
Who?
When?
Where?
Why?
How?
Combined Context Expansion Sentence
UNIT 6 | Ottomans and Ming Pre-1600 | SQ 9: What were the historical circumstances for the founding of the Ming Dynasty?