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The Study of Fishery Cooperative Associations' (Fcas') Merger and Its Business Management

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TUMSAT-OACIS Repository - Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology (東京海洋大学) The study of Fishery Cooperative Associations' (FCAs') merger and its business management 学位名 博士(海洋科学) 学位授与機関 東京海洋大学 学位授与年度 2016 学位授与番号 12614博甲第459号 URL http://id.nii.ac.jp/1342/00001542/ Doctoral Dissertation THE STUDY OF FISHERY COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS’ (FCAs’) MERGER AND ITS BUSINESS MANAGEMENT March 2017 Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Doctoral Course of Applied Marine Environmental Studies WANG LILI Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Research objectives, methodology and contents ................................................................... 3 1.3 FCAs’ problem and solution.................................................................................................. 6 1.3.1 Why FCAs business management continues to worsen ................................................. 6 1.3.2 The topics of FCAs merger ............................................................................................ 7 1.3.3 Restructuring measures for merged FCA ....................................................................... 8 1.4 Overview of previous studies ................................................................................................ 9 2 Evolution of supporting policies to promote FCAs merger and their achievements ................. 14 2.1 The development of supporting policies ............................................................................. 15 2.1.1 From “Regeneracy Readjustment Act” to “Readjustment Promotion Law” ................ 15 2.2.2 Merger Subsidies Law .................................................................................................. 15 2.2.3 Merger Promotion Law ................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Supporting programs after the end of policies .................................................................... 16 2.3 The characteristics of FCAs merger in different phases ..................................................... 16 2.3.1 Training FCA as an economic entity ............................................................................ 16 2.3.2 Reorganisation of FCA system (From 1970s ~ 1980s) ................................................ 17 2.3.3 Larger-scale mergers and “one prefecture one FCA” mergers..................................... 17 2.3.4 Later period of merger related laws (2008~) ................................................................ 18 2.4 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 19 3 The development of FCA merger of Higashi-awa FCA ............................................................. 20 3.1 Fishery status of Higashi-awa FCA .................................................................................... 20 3.1.1 Total fishery production ............................................................................................... 20 3.1.2 Fishery production by region ....................................................................................... 21 3.2 The History of Higashi-awa FCA ....................................................................................... 23 3.2.1 Pre-single FCA in Phase One (1948 ~) ........................................................................ 23 3.2.2 FCA merger in Phase Two (1970s ~) ........................................................................... 26 3.2.3 FCA Merger in Phase Three (1990s ~) ......................................................................... 29 3.3 The merger of Higashi-awa FCA ........................................................................................ 30 3.3.1 The purpose of merger ................................................................................................. 30 3.3.2 The method of merger .................................................................................................. 31 3.4 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 33 4 Management and utilization of common fishery rights in merger of FCA ................................ 36 4.1 The evolution of common fishery rights and FCA in Fishery Act ...................................... 36 4.2 Fishery management under community-based fishermen group ........................................ 38 4.3 Issues to common fishery rights exercises .......................................................................... 39 4.4 Common fishery rights exercises in Higashi-awa FCA ...................................................... 40 4.4.1 Common fishery rights ................................................................................................. 41 4.4.2 The usage status of type 1 common fishery: abalone diving fishery ........................... 41 4.4.3 Fishing ground use and shellfish collection in an abalone diving fishery ................... 42 4.5 Discussion ........................................................................................................................... 43 4.6 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 45 5 The effects and issues of the local wholesale markets integration due to FCAs merger ........... 47 5.1 Discussion on FCAs merger and the local wholesale markets integration ......................... 48 5.1.1 Perspective of the FCAs merger and local wholesale markets policies ....................... 48 5.1.2 Current situation of FCAs merger and market integration ........................................... 49 5.2 Analysising the development of market integration in Higashi-awa FCA .......................... 49 5.2.1 Handling situation before market integration ............................................................... 50 5.2.2 Implementation of market integration .......................................................................... 51 5.3 The current state of fish aggregation and bidding ............................................................... 52 5.4 Verification of market integration effects ............................................................................ 53 5.4.1 Price trends ................................................................................................................... 54 5.4.2 Purchasers trends .......................................................................................................... 54 5.4.3 System of employees .................................................................................................... 56 5.5 Issues arising from market integration ................................................................................ 56 5.5.1 Standardize the catches ................................................................................................ 57 5.5.2 Handling fresh fish ....................................................................................................... 57 5.5.3 Opinions of parties in the integrated market ................................................................ 57 5.6 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 58 6 History and challenges of Higashi-awa FCA self-owned businesses ........................................ 60 6.1 Shellfish handlings and storage ........................................................................................... 61 6.1.1 Business overview ........................................................................................................ 61 6.1.2 Business development .................................................................................................. 62 6.2 Frozen fish production ........................................................................................................ 63 6.2.1 Business overview ........................................................................................................ 63 6.2.2 Business development .................................................................................................. 64 6.3 Retail outlets ........................................................................................................................ 66 6.3.1 Business overview ........................................................................................................ 66 6.3.2 Business development .................................................................................................. 68 6.4 Self-owned set-net fishery ................................................................................................... 69 6.5 Aquaculture ......................................................................................................................... 69 6.6 Cold storage and warehousing supply ................................................................................. 70 6.7 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 72 7 Higashi-awa FCA’s business
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