A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION ISSUES IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT 2000-2004 Compiled by Ms Seema Fotedar on behalf of the Organising Committee of the Sharing the Fish Conference06 Fremantle WA Australia 28 February – 2 March 2006 2005 Introduction During the organisation of the Sharing the Fish Conference06 the Organising Committee was conscious that while the proceedings of the previous Fishrights99 Conference1 were a valuable resource, the field of allocation issues in marine management had advanced considerably in the preceding 5 years. As a result Ms Seema Fotedar, of Curtin University in Western Australia was engaged to produce a bibliography of papers dealing with allocation issues in the marine environment which had been published between 2000 and 2004. This document has now been released for the use of speakers and conference participants. Peter Millington Chairman Organising Committee 1 Shotton, R. ed. (2000). Use of property rights in fisheries management. Proceedings of the Fishrights99 Conference Fremantle Western Australia 11-19 November 1999. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 404, Vols 1 & 2. Ablan, M. C. A., J. W. McManus, et al. (2002). Meso-scale transboundary units for the management of coral reefs in the South China Sea. Naga 25(3-4): 4-9. Keywords: Resource management; allocation In Southeast Asia, some aspects of reef and reef resources management particularly in deciding the allocation of catch among competing fisheries, development of sustainable harvest strategies, use of broodstock for restocking or stock enhancement programs, protection of nursery and spawning areas, designation of systems of marine protected areas, and the identification of representative, adequate and comprehensive areas for biodiversity conservation in the region unit may require the definition of larger management units. At the regional level, multi-country initiatives will need to define units for the transboundary management of resources. The use of large marine ecosystems (LMEs) to identify and manage fisheries resources may be a starting point; however, given the relatively sedentary nature of coral reef-dwelling and reef-associated organisms compared with other pelagic and demersal species, meso-scale transboundary units within the LMEs have to be defined. This paper provides suggestions for transboundary management units for coral reef and reef-associated resources in Southeast Asia based on information from genetic structures of model organisms in the region. In addition, specific reef areas are identified, which may be important beyond their national boundaries, as potential sources of recruits. Acheson, J. M. (2002). Rational choice, culture change, and fisheries management in the gulf of Maine. Research in Economic Anthropology. N. Dannhaeuser and C. Werner, Elsevier Ltd. 21: 133-159. Keywords: Resource management; case study The difference between the highly successful Maine lobster industry and the crisis-ridden New England ground fishery is that the lobster industry has been able to organize politically to get legislation to solve a number of communal action dilemmas. The groundfishery has not been able to do so. What has made the difference is the lobster industry's development of a conservation ethic over the past 70 years, as additional conservation laws, increasing catches, and ideational factors reinforced each other in an upward spiral. In the groundfishery, top down management policies, biology, and technology all worked against developing effective rules, which led to cheating, a "gold rush mentality" and overexploitation. Acheson, J. M. and R. J. Gardner (2004). Strategies, conflict, and the emergence of territoriality: The case of the Maine lobster industry. American Anthropologist 106(2): 296-307. Keywords: models; lobster fishery; case study In this article, we use game theory to understand the emergence of various kinds of territorial arrangements in the Maine lobster fishery during the past century. Using the Nash equilibria of models of the fishery as our theoretical framework, we show that informal territorial arrangements in this fishery went through three sequential stages. These stages are the result of decisions by groups of lobster fishermen to defend fishing areas or invade those of other groups. A large number of factors influence these defensive and offensive strategies: concentrations of lobsters, the adoption of better technology, transportation costs, ecological changes, trap monitoring costs, the ability to organize defensive and offensive groups, and better law enforcement-all of which are captured by crucial parameters of our model. We argue that this technique can be applied to elucidate territorial changes more generally. Adger, W. N. and C. Luttrell (2000). Property rights and the utilisation of wetlands. Ecological Economics 35(1): 75-89. Keywords: multiple use resources; management; Property rights This paper argues that successful conservation of wetlands is fundamentally determined by the institutions and property rights associated with resource management decisions. Thus an understanding of property rights regimes, the constraints which they impose on users of wetlands resources, and the distribution of benefits of use among users and non-users are essential if the economic values of wetland ecosystems and functions are to be realised. We outline relevant theoretical perspectives on property rights and the sustainable utilisation of natural resources. We argue that wetland resources tend to have unique property rights regimes due to their ecological characteristics, namely, their multiple-resource characteristics, the indivisible nature of these resources, and the seasonal and cyclical nature of different wetland resource components. Case studies of property rights regimes in Indonesia and Vietnam are presented. These show that wetland resources are often managed as common pool resources, and that state appropriation of resources or the imposition of private property rights can contribute to unsustainable utilisation or conversion of wetlands to other uses. Agrawal, A. (2001). Common Property Institutions and Sustainable Governance of Resources. World Development 29(10): 1649-1672. Keywords: property rights; resource management The literature on common property-based resource management comprises many important studies that seek to specify the conditions under which groups of users will self-organize and sustainably govern resources upon which they depend. Using three of the more comprehensive such studies, and with an extensive review of writings on the commons, this paper demonstrates that the enterprise of generating lists of conditions under which commons are governed sustainably is a flawed and impossibly costly research task. For a way out, the paper examines the relative merits of statistical, comparative, and case study approaches to studying the commons. It ends with a plea for careful research design and sample selection, construction of causal mechanisms, and a shift toward comparative and statistical rather than single-case analyses. Such steps are necessary for a coherent, empirically-relevant theory of the commons. Alder, J. and G. Lugten (2002). Frozen fish block: how commited are North Atlantic States to accountability, conservation and management of fisheries? Marine Policy 26(5): 345-357. Keywords: Fishery management; regional fisheries The North Atlantic Ocean has numerous global, regional, and sub-regional instruments for fisheries management. Research for this paper has examined North Atlantic State levels of compliance with these instruments. The study reveals there to be moderate levels of overall compliance, and a latitudinal gradient of compliance with Northern States scoring higher than those in the south. Of particular significance for other global regions, and the future development of international fisheries law, are the findings that: few regional fishery bodies have a systematic program in place to monitor and assess compliance; and despite overall moderate levels of compliance with the conservation and management regimes, most fishery stocks are either overexploited or at risk or collapse. Alegret, J. L. (2000). Economic and political anthropology of fisheries governance: the incipient failure of collective action in Catalan Confradias. CEMARE Misc. Publ.:Mangement institutions and governance systems in European Fisheries. 48:179-195. Keywords: fishery management; case study This paper analyses, from the perspective of social anthropology and New Institutional economics, the institutional change that has occurred over the past few years in the fisheries sector of Cataluna. This change is having important consequences on the model of fisheries management that it is trying to maintain. Allen, R. C. and I. Keay (2004). Saving the whales: Lessons from the extinction of the Eastern Arctic Bowhead. Journal of Economic History 64(2): 400-432. Keywords: population-dynamics; economics; In this article we investigate the possibility that a regulatory regime designed to maximize the profitability of the early Dutch whaling industry could have simultaneously guaranteed the biological sustainability of the eastern Arctic Bowhead whale. We find that policies with economic profit as the sole objective could have saved the whales, as well as increasing the incomes of the whalers, under assumptions commonly made in fisheries models. However, the necessary assumptions are implausible. Under more historically relevant assumptions we find that regulation could