Bibliographies Introductory Note THESE have been divided into two sections: A listing works in English and B listing those in other languages. Each is in turn subdivided roughly by the character of subject matter: 1. GENERAL 2. POUTICAL AND LEGAL HISTORY 3. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC 4. CULTURE AND THE CHURCH Sources, both in translation and the original texts, are listed in the appropriate sections. Obviously limitations of space prevent these bibliographies from being anything other than selective, although the attempt has been made to make that in English reasonably comprehensive. In making the choice of material for inclusion greater weight has been given to primary rather than secondary sources, for obvious reasons. Each section is further subdivided chronologically, or as between Umayyad Al-Andalus and the Christian states. Some additional bibliography on detailed points will be found in the references. Abbreviations L. V. Leges Visigothorum, the Codes of Reccesuinth and Ervig, in K. Zeumer (ed.) M.G.H., Leges I (Hanover and Leipzig, 1902) M. G.H. Monumenta Gennaniae Historica, divided by series: A.A. Auctores Antiquissimi Leges S.R. G. Scrip/ores Rerum Germanicarum S.S. Scriptores P.L. Patr%gia Latina, ed. J.P. Migne V:S. Visigothic Spain: New Approaches, E. James (ed.) (Oxford, 1980) A. WORKS IN ENGLISH 1. GENERAL A comprehensive bibliography of works in all languages relating to the Visigothic period may be found in A. Ferreiro, The Visigoths in Gaul and Spain, A.D. 418-711: a Bibliography (Leiden, 1988). No comparable bibliography exists for the other periods considered in this book. Of the general treatments of the history of Spain in the Middle Ages that of J.F. O'Callaghan, A History of Medieval Spain (Ithaca, 1975) remains the best. The old and out-dated sections on the peninsula in the various volumes of the CamiJridge Me­ dieval History will be replaced by the pertinent chapters of the New CamiJridge Medieval History. Volume II has a chapter on Spain in the eighth and ninth centuries and volume III one on the period c. 900-1050, both by the author of this book. H. Livermore, The Origins of spain and Portugal (London, 1971) covers the fourth to ninth centuries but suffers from an idiosyncratic reliance on some spurious sources: the chronicles forged by Roman de la Higuera in the sixteenth century. P. Linehan, History and Historians of Medieval Spain (Oxford, 1993), which covers the sixth to thirteenth centuries is required 266 BIBLIOGRAPHIES 267 reading for any serious study of this period; both for its discussion of all of the major Latin sources and for its author's trenchant views and wit. 2. POLITICAL AND LEGAL HISTORY (a) The Later Roman Empire and the Fifth Century For the complex events of the period c. 406 to 425, that market the end of Roman rule over most of the Iberian peninsula, the fragments of the history of Olympiodorus can be found translated in R.C. Blockley (ed.), The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire vol. II (Liverpool, 1983). For Zosimus, the sixth-century pagan historian whose work, despite its uneven quality, is a major source for events of the period up to 411, the best text is that edited by F. Paschoud (see B2(a». For an English translation see J.J. Buchanan and H.T. Davis, Zosimus, Historia Nova (San Antonio, Texas, 1967). The most important source for events in Spain later in the fifth century, the chronicle written c. 469 by Bishop Hydatius, is available in both a critical Latin text and English translation in R.W. Burgess (ed.), The 'Chronicle' of Hydatius and the 'Consularia Constantinopolitana' (Oxford, 1993), which also has a study of the work by the editor. This can be usefully supplemented by the relevant section of S. Muhlberger, The Fifth­ Century Chroniclers: Prosper, Hydatius and the Gallic Chronicler of 452 (Liverpool, 1990), pp. 193-312. Late Roman law and its adaptation and abridgement under the Visigothic king Alaric II in 506 can be found in C. Pharr (tr.), The Theodosian Code (New York, 1969). For the establishment of Roman rule in Spain and an account of Hispano-Roman society up to the fourth century A.D. see L.A. Curchin, Roman Spain: Conquest and Assimilation (London, 1991). SJ. Keay, Roman Spain (London, 1988) provides a useful account of recent archaeological work, and an overview of social and cultural develop­ ments up to the fifth century, as well as a listing of sites that may be visited. The articles of E.A. Thompson on the end of Roman Spain and on the Suevic kingdom have been collected in his Romans and Barbarians: the Decline of the Western Empire (Wisconsin, 1982). This also includes some of the author's consideration of aspects of earlier Visigothic history. On which see also his The Visigoths in the Age of Ulfila (Oxford, 1966). A chal­ lenging reinterpretation of the processes of establishing the Visigoths in Gaul appears as part of W. Goffart, Barbarians and Romans, A.D. 418-584: the Techniques of Accomm<>­ dation (Princeton, 1980), especially ch. IV, but the argument of the book needs to be seen as a whole. (b) The Visigothic Period E.A. Thompson's The Goths in Spain (Oxford, 1969) was the first major treatment of the history of Visigothic Spain in English. It did not take much account of contemporary Spanish scholarship on the period, and was criticised in consequence. Nor are many of its principal theses accepted here. However, it remains an important source of informa­ tion and argument. The growth in interest outside of the Iberian peninsula in early medieval Spanish history has led to the appearance of several of the main sources in English translation. The chronicle of John of Biclar, which covers the years 567 to 590, is one of the items included in K.B. Wolf (tr.), Conquerors and Chroniclers of Early Medieval Spain (Liverpool, 1990), which also offers a good translation of Isidore of Seville's History of the Goths, which will now be more accessible than that of G. Donini and G.B. Ford (tr.), Isidore of Seville's History of the Goths, Vandals and Suevi (Leiden, 1970). There is also a useful introduction given to each of the texts. For interpretations of the events is Spain leading to the conversion to Catholicism of king Reccared and his Gothic subjects in 587-89, including the rebellion of Hermenegild, see J.N. Hillgarth, 'Coins and Chronicles: Propaganda in Sixth Century Spain', Historia, 16 (1966), pp. 482-508 and R. Collins, 'Merida and Toledo, 550-585' in V.S., pp. 189-219. This latter now needs to be seen in the light of the same author's contribution to the volume of papers 268 BIBLIOGRAPHIES commemorating the l400th anniversary of the Third Council of Toledo (see section B4(b) below). The article by J.N. Hillgarth is also to be found, together with three others on cultural relations between Visigothic Spain and Ireland and a survey of the historiographical output of the Visigothic kingdom in his collection of articles entitled Visigothic Spain, Byzantium and the Irish (London, 1985). P.D. King, 'King Chindasvind and the first Territorial Law-Code of the Visigothic Kingdom' in V.S., pp. 131-57 argues that Reccesuinth's code of 654 was preceded by a now lost one promulgated by his father. The same author's Law and Society in the Visigothic Kingdom (Cambridge, 1972) offers a major assessment of the contents of the extant code known as the Forum Iudicum or Lex Visigothorum, and has a particularly good chapter on the family. On this body of Visigothic law see also F.S. Lear, 'The Public Law of the Visigothic Code', Speculum,26 (1951), pp. 1-24 and the same author's Treason in Roman and Germanic Law (Austin, Texas, 1965), chs 4-6. On the later stages of the Visigothic kingdom there are a number of articles that take bishop Julian of Toledo (680-90) as their focus. See in particular F.X. Murphy, 'Julian of Toledo and the Fall of the Visigothic Kingdom in Spain', Speculum, 27 (1952), pp. 1-21 and R. Collins, Julian of Toledo and the Educa­ tion of Kings' in the same author's Law, Culture and Regionalism in Early Medieval Spain (A1dershot, 1992). This is a substantial revision of the earlier Julian of Toledo and the royal succession' in P.H. Sawyer and I.N. Wood (eds), Early Medieval Kingship (Leeds, 1977), pp. 30-49. (c) The Umayyad State For the events of the eighth century and an introduction to the problems of the source materials see R. Collins, The Arab Conquest of Spain, 710-797 (Oxford, 1989). best con­ sulted in the revised edition (Oxford, 1994). The principal contemporary Latin source for the first half of the century, the Chronicle of 754 is translated in K.B. Wolf, Conquerors and Chroniclers of Early Medieval Spain (see A2(b) above). A selection from the Arab sources can be found in C. Melville and A. Ubaydli (eds/trs). Christians and Moors in Spain vol. 3 (Warminster, 1992). Only a few of the Arabic texts are available in complete translation or in longer excerpts. These are all fairly elderly. They include J.H. Jones (tr.). Ibn Abd al-Hakem: History of the Conquest of Spain (Gottingen, 1858) and much of the work of A1-Maqqari in a rearranged format in P. de Gayangos (tr.), The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain (2 vols, London, 1840-43); selections from other works are included in the appendices to these volumes. For a survey of Arab historical writing see D.M.