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Home , Republic Day

GUJ AIR SQN NCC RAJKOT GROUP, GUJRAT DTE DATE : 09/08/2021

REPUBLIC DAY Day is a national in , when the country marks and celebrates the date on which the of India came into effect on 26, 1950, replacing the Government of India Act (1935) as the governing document of India and thus, turning the nation into a newly formed republic.[1] The day also marks the transition of India from an autonomous Commonwealth realm with British Monarch as nominal head of the Indian Dominion, to a fully sovereign Commonwealth republic with the as the nominal head of the Indian Union. The Constitution was adopted by the Indian on 26 November 1949 and came into effect on 26 January 1950 with a democratic government system, completing the country’s transition towards becoming an independent republic. 26 January was chosen as the date for because it was on this day in 1929 when India achieved independence from on 15 1947 following the Indian independence movement. The independence came through the Indian Independence Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo 6 c 30), an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into the two new independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth (later ).India obtained its independence on 15 August 1947 as a constitutional with George VI as head of state and the Earl Mountbatten as governor- general. The country, though, did not yet have a permanent constitution; instead its laws were based on the modified colonial Government of India Act 1935. On 29 August 1947, a resolution was moved for the appointment of Drafting Committee, which was appointed to draft a permanent constitution, with Dr B R Ambedkar as chairman. While India’s celebrates its freedom from British Rule, the Republic Day celebrates the coming into force of its constitution. A draft constitution was prepared by the committee and submitted to the Constituent Assembly on 4 November 1947.[3] The Assembly met, in sessions open to public, for 166 days, spread over a period of two years, 11 months and 18 days before adopting the Constitution. After many deliberations and some modifications, the 308 members of the Assembly signed two hand-written copies of the document (one each in Hindi and English) on 24 January 1950. Two days later which was on 26 January 1950, it came into effect throughout the whole nation. On that day, Dr. Rajendra Prasad’s began his first term of office as President of the Indian Union. The Constituent Assembly became the Parliament of India under the transitional provisions of the new Constitution.

The main Republic Day celebration is held in the national capital, New , at the before the President of India. On this day, ceremonious take place at the Rajpath, which are performed as a tribute to India; its unity in diversity and rich cultural heritageThe Delhi Republic Day is held in the capital, and is organised by the Ministry of Defence. Commencing from the gates of the (the President’s residence), on Rajpath past the , this event is the main attraction of India’s Republic Day Celebrations and lasts for three days. The parade showcases India’s Defence Capability, Cultural and Social Heritage.[7]

Nine to twelve different regiments of the in addition to the Navy, and Air Force with their bands march past in all their finery and official decorations. The President of India who is the Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces, takes the salute. Twelve contingents of various para-military forces of India and police forces also take part in this parade.[8] On the eve of Republic Day, the President of India distributes Padma Awards to the civilians of India every year. These are the second highest civilian awards in India after Bharat Ratna. These awards are given in three categories, viz. Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri, in decreasing order of importance.

Padma Vibhushan for “exceptional and distinguished service”. Padma Vibhushan is the second-highest civilian award in India. Padma Bhushan for “distinguished service of a high order”. Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in India . Padma Shri for “distinguished service”. Padma Shri is the fourth- highest civilian award in India. While being national honours, the Padma awards do not include cash allowances, benefits, or special concessions in rail/air travel.[14] Per a December 1995 judgment of the Supreme Court of India, no titles or honorifics are associated with the Bharat Ratna or any of the Padma awards; Honorees cannot use them or their initials as suffixes, prefixes or pre- and post-nominals attached to the awardee’s name. This includes any such use on letterheads, invitation cards, posters, books etc. In the case of any misuse, the awardee will forfeit the award, and he or she will be cautioned against any such misuse upon receiving the honour. CDT : SHOBHA BHIL REG NUMBER : GUJ/SQ/20/316585.