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WORLD SPACECRAFT DIGEST by Jos Heyman 1993 Version: 2 January 2014 © Copyright Jos Heyman

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WORLD SPACECRAFT DIGEST by Jos Heyman 1993 Version: 2 January 2014 © Copyright Jos Heyman WORLD SPACECRAFT DIGEST by Jos Heyman 1993 Version: 2 January 2014 © Copyright Jos Heyman 1993 001A (22307) Name: Kosmos-2230 Country: Russia Launch date: 12 January 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M Orbit: 988 x 1020 km, inclination: 82.9 ° Tsikada civilian navigational satellite as described for 1976 122A. 1993 002A (22309) Name: Molniya 1-85 Country: Russia Launch date: 13 January 1993 Re-entry: 15 November 2005 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M Orbit: 647 x 40609 km, inclination: 62.8 ° Communications satellite as described for 1965 030A. 1993 003A (22313) Name: STS-54 Country: USA Launch date: 13 January 1993 Re-entry: 19 January 1993 Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: STS Orbit: 301 x 304 km, inclination: 28.5 ° S. Helms operating DSO-802 Crewed spaceflight with astronauts J. Casper (Cmdr.), D. McMonagle (Pilot), G. Harbaugh, M. Runco and S. Helms (all Mission Specialists) using the orbiter Endeavour as described for 1981 034A. The objective of the flight was to launch TDRS-6 (1993 003B), which was released on 13 January 1993. The experiments included: 1. the Application Specific Preprogrammed Experiment Culture System (ASPECS), a demonstration of advanced scientific principles and concepts of force, motion and energy using toys and which was recorded on a video for distribution to schools; 2. the Diffuse X-ray Spectrometer (DXS) to study the hotter components of interstellar medium; 3. the Chromosomes Experiment (CHROMEX)-3 as described for STS-29 (1989 021A) but on this flight investigating seeds; 4. the Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus (CGBA)-2 as described for STS-50 (1992 034A) which investigated 28 separate experiments of a commercial nature in the biomedical field, drugs development and other fields; 5. the Physiological and Anatomical Rodent Experiment (PARE)-2 as described for STS-48 (1991 063A); 6. the Solid Surface Combustion Experiment (SSCE)-6 as described for STS-41 (1990 090A); 7. the Ultraviolet Plume Instrument (UVPI)-7 experiment as described for STS-43 (1991 054A); 8. Developmental Test Objective (DTO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A): • DTO-301D: Ascent Structural Capability Evaluation; • DTO-305D: Ascent Compartment Venting Evaluation; • DTO-306D: Descent Compartment Venting Evaluation; • DTO-307D: Entry Structural Capability Evaluation; • DTO-312: External Tank Thermal Protection System Performance; • DTO-412: On-orbit Fuel Cell Shutdown; • DTO-520: Edwards Lakebed Runway Bearing Strength and Rolling Friction; • DTO-521: Orbiter Drag Chute System; • DTO-648: Electronic Still Photography Test; • DTO-656: Payload and General Purpose Support Computer Single Event Upset Monitoring; • DTO-662: Extended Duration Orbiter WCS Evaluation; • DTO-700-3: Atmospheric Effects on Star Tracker Performance; • DTO-805: Crosswind Landing Performance; • DTO-1210: EVA Operations Procedure/Trainer; 9. Detailed Supplementary Objective (DSO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A): • DSO-316: Bioreactor/ Flow and Particle Trajectory in Microgravity; • DSO-321: Frequency Interference Test; • DSO-322: Human Lymphocyte Locomotion in Microgravity; • DSO-476: Inflight Aerobic Exercise; • DSO-484: Assessment of Circadian Shifting in Astronauts by Bright Light; • DSO-487: Immunological Assessment of Crewmembers; • DSO-603: Orthostatic Function During Entry, Landing and Egress; • DSO-604: Visual-Vestibular Integration as a Function of Adaptation; • DSO-605: Postural Equilibrium Control During Landing/Egress; • DSO-614: Head and Gaze Stability During Locomotion; • DSO-626: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Responses to Standing Before and After Space Flight; • DSO-802: Educational Activities; • DSO-901: Documentary Television; • DSO-902: Documentary Motion Picture Photography; and • DSO-903: Documentary still photography. Harbaugh and Runco made an EVA of 4 hours, 28 minutes on 17 January 1993 in a training programme designed to gain experience in the construction of the Freedom space station. The flight also tested the shutting-down and re-activation of one of the electricity generating fuel cells. Also a new waste collection system was tested. The flight landed at the Kennedy Space Centre after a flight of 5 days, 23 hours, 38 minutes. 1993 003B (22314) Name: TDRS-6 Country: USA Launch date: 13 January 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: STS + IUS Orbit: geostationary at 62 °W Tracking and data relay satellite as described for 1983 026B. In June 1993 the satellite was relocated to 138 °W, to 62.5 oW in June 2012 and to 46 oW in January 2013. 1993 004A (22317) Name: Kosmos-2231 Country: Russia Launch date: 19 January 1993 Re-entry: 25 March 1993 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U Orbit: 177 x 370 km, inclination: 67.2 ° Yantar 4K2 military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1981 080A. 1993 005A (22319) Name: Soyuz TM-16 Country: Russia Launch date: 24 January 1993 Re-entry: 22 July 1993 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U2 Orbit: 257 x 308 km, inclination: 51.6 ° Crewed spaceflight with cosmonauts G. Manakov (Cmdr.) and A. Polishchuk (Fl. Eng) using a Soyuz TM spacecraft as described for 1986 035A. Their call sign was Vulkan and Manakov and Polishchuk were the thirteenth permanent (EO-13) crew of the space station. The back-up crews consisted of A. Artsebarski and Y. Usachyov as well as V. Tsibliyev and A. Balandin. On 26 January 1993 the spacecraft docked with the Kristall port of the Mir space station (1986 017A). The Soyuz TM-16 docking port was fitted with a APAS-89 docking module compatible with the Buran and Space Shuttle and intended to be used with the cancelled Buran-3 flight. The docking of Soyuz TM-16 was performed manually. An EVA of 5 hours, 25 minutes was conducted by Manakov and Polishchuk on 19 April 1993 during which they installed equipment on the Kvant-1 module which, at a later date, would accommodate additional solar panels initially fitted on the Kristall module. Another EVA of 4 hours, 33 minutes was made on 18 June 1993. On 22 July 1993 Soyuz TM-16 undocked and returned to Earth with Manakov and Polishchuk as well as Haignere, who had arrived on the space station by Soyuz TM-17 (1993 043A). They landed 140 km east of Dhezkazgan. The mission time for Manakov and Polishchuk had been 179 days, 1 hour, 44 minutes. 1993 006A (22321) Name: Kosmos-2232 Country: Russia Launch date: 26 January 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M Orbit: 616 x 39667 km, inclination: 62.7 ° Oko military early warning satellite as described for 1972 072A. 1993 007A (22446) Name: Navstar 2A-9 Country: USA Launch date: 3 February 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Delta 7925 Orbit: 20315 x 20382 km, inclination: 54.7 ° Navigational satellite as described for 1989 013A. Also known as USA-88, Navstar-22, Navstar-30 and SVN- 22. 1993 008A (22487) Name: Kosmos-2233 Country: Russia Launch date: 9 February 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M Orbit: 972 x 1021 km, inclination: 82.9 ° Parus military navigational satellite as described for 1974 105A. 1993 009A (22489) Name: CDS-1 Country: USA Launch date: 9 February 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Pegasus Orbit: 642 x 871 km, inclination: 24.9 ° The Capabilities Demonstration Satellite (CDS) demonstrated two-way message and data communications for the Orbital Communications Corp (Orbcomm). The satellite had a mass of 14.5 kg and was also known as OXP-1. The Pegasus launch vehicle was released from the B-52 carrier aircraft over Wallops Island after having taken off from Cape Canaveral. 1993 009B (22490) Name: SCD-1 Country: Brazil Launch date: 9 February 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Pegasus Orbit: 722 x 787 km, inclination: 24.9 ° The Satelite de Coleta de Dados (SCD)-1 was a 115 kg satellite equipped with instruments to collect and re-transmit environmental data from automatic data collection stations throughout Brazil. The Pegasus launch vehicle was released from the B-52 carrier aircraft over Wallops Island after having taken off from Cape Canaveral. 1993 010A (22512) Name: Kosmos-2234 Country: Russia Launch date: 17 February 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM-2 Orbit: 19117 x 19146 km, inclination: 64.8 ° Glonass navigational satellite as described for 1982 100A. 1993 010B (22513) Name: Kosmos-2236 Country: Russia Launch date: 17 February 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM-2 Orbit: 18860 x 19131 km, inclination: 64.8 ° Glonass navigational satellite as described for 1982 100A. 1993 010C (22514) Name: Kosmos-2235 Country: Russia Launch date: 17 February 1993 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM-2 Orbit: 19198 x 19497 km, inclination: 64.8 ° Glonass navigational satellite as described for 1982 100A. 1993 011A (22521) Name: Astro-4 Country: Japan Launch date: 20 February 1993 Re-entry: 2 March 2001 Launch site: Kagoshima Launch vehicle: Mu 3S-2 Orbit: 536 x 650 km, inclination: 31.1 ° Also known as Asuka, the 420 kg satellite conducted astronomical observations in the X-ray wavelength to detect emission 10 to 15 billion light years away. The instruments consisted of four reflecting X-ray telescopes and two charged couple device detectors. 1993 012A (22530) Name: Progress M-16 Country: Russia Launch date: 21 February 1992 Re-entry: 27 March 1993 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U2 Orbit: 191 x 254 km, inclination: 51.6 ° Cargo transfer spacecraft as described for 1989 066A. Progress M-16 docked with the rear port of Mir/Kvant-1 (1986 017A) on 23 February 1993. It first undocked on 26 March 1993 and retreated 70 m from the space station following which it docked again after 17 minutes.
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