Establishing a Settlement Hierarchy
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AMBER VALLEY BOROUGH LOCAL PLAN 2016 ESTABLISHING A SETTLEMENT HIERARCHY MARCH 2017 1 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 National Policy Context 4 3 Housing Need 5 4 Identifying Settlements, Services & Facilities 6 5 Establishing A Settlement Hierarchy 11 Appendix 1 Settlement Hierarchy Data Table 2 1 Introduction 1.1 This paper sets out the process followed by the Borough Council in seeking to establish a settlement hierarchy in Amber Valley, to inform the preparation of a new Local Plan and more specifically, to:- o determine the role that various settlements within the Borough can have in contributing to meeting objectively assessed housing need o develop appropriate policies for inclusion in the Draft Local Plan, against which to consider proposals for new housing development within particular settlements, so that the scale and location of new housing development reflects the principles of sustainable development. 1.2 The paper highlights the national policy context in relation to sustainable development, as set out in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and the National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG). 1.3 The paper explains how the Borough Council, together with the other local planning authorities in the Derby Housing Market Area (HMA), have established the objectively assessed housing need in Amber Valley up to 2028 and how the Borough Council has sought to meet this need, including by proposing a number of specific sites for new housing development in the Draft Local Plan. 1.4 The paper describes how the Borough Council has selected a range of settlements across Amber Valley as potential locations to accommodate new housing development, in addition to that expected to come forward on the specific sites proposed in the Draft Local Plan. 1.5 The paper also explains how the Borough Council has identified a number of services and facilities that support sustainable communities, how it has developed a range of sustainability indicators for those services and facilities and how it has then applied those indicators to the services and facilities available within settlements. 1.6 The paper then shows how the application of the sustainability indicators has formed the basis for the establishment of a settlement hierarchy. 3 2 National Policy Context 2.1 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), published in March 2012, states at paragraph 6 that…‘the purpose of the planning system is to contribute to the achievement of sustainable development’. It then identifies at paragraph 7 three dimensions to sustainable development, namely:- • an economic role – contributing to building a strong, responsive and competitive economy, by ensuring that sufficient land of the right type is available in the right places and at the right time to support growth and innovation; and by identifying and coordinating development requirements, including the provision of infrastructure; • a social role – supporting strong, vibrant and healthy communities, by providing the supply of housing required to meet the needs of present and future generations; and by creating a high quality built environment, with accessible local services that reflect the community’s needs and support its health, social and cultural well-being; and • an environmental role – contributing to protecting and enhancing our natural, built and historic environment; and, as part of this, helping to improve biodiversity, use natural resources prudently, minimise waste and pollution, and mitigate and adapt to climate change including moving to a low carbon economy. 2.2 The NPPF also states:- o at paragraph 17 - that planning should ‘actively manage patterns of growth to make the fullest possible use of public transport, walking and cycling and focus significant development in locations which are or can be made sustainable’ o at paragraph 55 – that planning should ‘promote sustainable development in rural areas, housing should be located where it will enhance or maintain the vitality of rural communities’...and that ‘for example, where there are groups of smaller settlements, development in one village may support services in a village nearby’…and that ‘local planning authorities should avoid new isolated homes in the countryside unless there are special circumstances’ o at paragraph 70 – that in delivering social, recreational and cultural facilities and services the community needs, planning policies should ‘ensure an integrated approach to considering the location of housing, economic use and community facilities and services’. 4 2.3 The National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG), published in March 2014 in support of the NPPF, states:- • ‘assessing housing need and allocating sites should be considered at a strategic level and through the Local Plan and/or neighbourhood plan process. However, all settlements can play a role in delivering sustainable development in rural areas – and so blanket policies restricting housing development in some settlements and preventing other settlements from expanding should be avoided unless their use can be supported by robust evidence.’ 3 Housing Need 3.1 Amber Valley Borough, together with Derby City and South Derbyshire District, forms the Derby Housing Market Area (HMA). 3.2 The Derby HMA authorities have jointly undertaken and commissioned work to establish an objectively assessed housing need for the Derby HMA as a whole and for each of the constituent areas within the HMA and how the provision of housing development should be distributed across the HMA to meet the identified need. 3.3 Within Amber Valley, the Borough Council has agreed a minimum target of 9,770 additional dwellings within the Borough between 2011 and 2028, to meet the established housing need. This minimum target reflects the established housing need within Amber Valley (7,395 dwellings) together with a contribution (2,375 dwellings) towards unmet housing need arising within Derby City, acknowledging the limited capacity within Derby to fully meet its own need up to 2028. 3.4 In preparing the Draft Local Plan, the Borough Council has sought to identify a range of specific sites for new housing development which, in addition to development already completed or committed, or otherwise planned for, will contribute towards achieving the minimum target of 9,770 dwellings, in appropriate locations that reflect the principles of sustainable development. 3.5 The Borough Council has also sought to develop policies for the determination of any proposals for housing development in addition to that expected to come forward on specific proposed sites and which will enable an appropriate scale of development in the right locations to deliver a sustainable pattern of development. 5 4 Identifying Settlements, Services & Facilities 4.1 The starting point for identifying which locations within Amber Valley would be appropriate locations to accommodate new housing development was policy H3 in the Adopted Amber Valley Borough Local Plan 2006. This policy identified the Borough’s urban areas and larger villages as the locations to which most new housing development should be directed. 4,2 Over 40% of the resident population of Amber Valley live in one of the four main urban areas within the Borough (Alfreton, Belper, Heanor and Ripley), as defined in the Draft Local Plan and the range of services and facilities which serve that population is similarly concentrated in those urban areas. On this basis, the Borough Council has concluded that any settlement hierarchy should include the four urban areas within the first or highest tier. 4.3 For the purposes of assessing the range of services and facilities available in those settlements outside the four urban areas, the Borough Council identified a number of additional villages and other settlements, in addition to those set out in policy H3 of the Adopted Local Plan 2006, which it considered could be appropriate to accommodate new housing development. 4.4 In considering which services and facilities should be assessed, the Borough Council concluded that it should include those services and facilities which could make a significant contribution to maintaining or establishing a sustainable community, having regard to the NPPF. 4.5 Table 1 below sets out a number of references in the NPPF and the services and facilities that can be identified in relation to those references:- 6 Table 1 National Planning Policy Framework (NP PF Service/Facility ‘Within the overarching roles that the planning system ought to play, a set of core land-use planning principles should underpin both plan-making and decision-taking. These 12 principles are that planning should: Public Transport …actively manage patterns of growth to make the fullest possible • Bus service use of public transport, walking and cycling and focus significant • Rail service development in locations which are or can be made sustainable…’ (extract from paragraph 17) ‘Plans and decisions should ensure developments that generate significant movements are located where the need to travel will be minimised and the use of sustainable transport modes can be maximised…’ (extract from paragraph 34) ‘The Government attaches great importance to ensuring that a • Primary school sufficient choice of school places is available to meet the needs of • Secondary existing and new communities…’ (extract from paragraph 72) school ‘To deliver social, recreation and cultural facilities and services the community needs, planning policies and decisions should: • Convenience - plan positively for the provision