AIRCRAFTTYPEDESIGNATORS 1. PURPOSE. This Notice Revises
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Critical Mach Number, Transonic Area Rule
Critical Mach number - Compressibility Effects on Lift The design parameter that influences compressibility effects on lift is the Critical Mach number (Mcr). This is the free stream Mach number when sonic conditions (M = 1) is reached at some point on the airfoil surface The figure illustrates the same airfoil, at the same angle of attack at different free stream Mach numbers leading to the definition of the critical Mach number The critical Mach number can be obtained through the curve for the minimum pressure coefficient as a function of Mach number. It can be determined through the intersection of the two equations The lift coefficient correction for compressibility is The figure above illustrates that If you plan to fly at high free stream Mach number, you airfoil should be thin to (a) increase your critical Mach number as this will keep your drag rise small This will also result in lower minimum pressure: Therefore your lift coefficient will decrease Note that the minimum pressure coefficient on thick airfoil is high; this means that the velocity is also correspondingly high. Therefore the critical Mach number is reached for lower value of the free stream Mach number. Swept wing A B-52 Stratofortress showing wing with a large sweepback angle. A swept wing is a wing planform favored for high subsonic jet speeds first investigated in Germany from 1935 onwards until the end of the Second World War. Since the introduction of the MiG-15 and North American F-86 which demonstrated a decisive superiority over the slower first generation of straight-wing jet fighters during the Korean War, swept wings have become almost universal on all but the slowest jets (such as the A- 10). -
Cessna 172 in Flight 1964 Cessna 172E 1965 Cessna F172G
Cessna 172 in flight 1964 Cessna 172E 1965 Cessna F172G 1971 Cessna 172 The 1957 model Cessna 172 Skyhawk had no rear window and featured a "square" fin design Airplane Cessna 172 single engine aircraft, flies overhead after becoming airborne. Catalina Island airport, California (KAVX) 1964 Cessna 172E (G- ASSS) at Kemble airfield, Gloucestershire, England. The Cessna 172 Skyhawk is a four-seat, single-engine, high-wing airplane. Probably the most popular flight training aircraft in the world, the first production models were delivered in 1957, and it is still in production in 2005; more than 35,000 have been built. The Skyhawk's main competitors have been the popular Piper Cherokee, the rarer Beechcraft Musketeer (no longer in production), and, more recently, the Cirrus SR22. The Skyhawk is ubiquitous throughout the Americas, Europe and parts of Asia; it is the aircraft most people visualize when they hear the words "small plane." More people probably know the name Piper Cub, but the Skyhawk's shape is far more familiar. The 172 was a direct descendant of the Cessna 170, which used conventional (taildragger) landing gear instead of tricycle gear. Early 172s looked almost identical to the 170, with the same straight aft fuselage and tall gear legs, but later versions incorporated revised landing gear, a lowered rear deck, and an aft window. Cessna advertised this added rear visibility as "Omnivision". The final structural development, in the mid-1960s, was the sweptback tail still used today. The airframe has remained almost unchanged since then, with updates to avionics and engines including (most recently) the Garmin G1000 glass cockpit. -
Northeast Corridor Chase, Maryland January 4, 1987
PB88-916301 NATIONAL TRANSPORT SAFETY BOARD WASHINGTON, D.C. 20594 RAILROAD ACCIDENT REPORT REAR-END COLLISION OF AMTRAK PASSENGER TRAIN 94, THE COLONIAL AND CONSOLIDATED RAIL CORPORATION FREIGHT TRAIN ENS-121, ON THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR CHASE, MARYLAND JANUARY 4, 1987 NTSB/RAR-88/01 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. Report No. 2.Government Accession No. 3.Recipient's Catalog No. NTSB/RAR-88/01 . PB88-916301 Title and Subtitle Railroad Accident Report^ 5-Report Date Rear-end Collision of'*Amtrak Passenger Train 949 the January 25, 1988 Colonial and Consolidated Rail Corporation Freight -Performing Organization Train ENS-121, on the Northeast Corridor, Code Chase, Maryland, January 4, 1987 -Performing Organization 7. "Author(s) ~~ Report No. Performing Organization Name and Address 10.Work Unit No. National Transportation Safety Board Bureau of Accident Investigation .Contract or Grant No. Washington, D.C. 20594 k3-Type of Report and Period Covered 12.Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Iroad Accident Report lanuary 4, 1987 NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD Washington, D. C. 20594 1*+.Sponsoring Agency Code 15-Supplementary Notes 16 Abstract About 1:16 p.m., eastern standard time, on January 4, 1987, northbound Conrail train ENS -121 departed Bay View yard at Baltimore, Mary1 and, on track 1. The train consisted of three diesel-electric freight locomotive units, all under power and manned by an engineer and a brakeman. Almost simultaneously, northbound Amtrak train 94 departed Pennsylvania Station in Baltimore. Train 94 consisted of two electric locomotive units, nine coaches, and three food service cars. In addition to an engineer, conductor, and three assistant conductors, there were seven Amtrak service employees and about 660 passengers on the train. -
Federal Register/Vol. 73, No. 161/Tuesday, August 19, 2008
48310 Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 161 / Tuesday, August 19, 2008 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Docket Management Facility between 9 3. The modifications in paragraphs 1 and a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through 2 above are to be accomplished in accordance Federal Aviation Administration Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD with de Havilland Service Bulletin 6/508 docket contains this proposed AD, the dated 15 December 1989, or later revisions 14 CFR Part 39 approved by the Director, Airworthiness regulatory evaluation, any comments Branch, Transport Canada, Ottawa. received, and other information. The [Docket No. FAA–2008–0891; Directorate Based on preliminary investigation, the Identifier 2008–CE–046–AD] street address for the Docket Office (telephone (800) 647–5527) is in the FAA and NTSB believe that an RIN 2120–AA64 ADDRESSES section. Comments will be attempted takeoff with the gust locks available in the AD docket shortly after installed could be the cause of a recent Airworthiness Directives; Viking Air receipt. accident in Hyannis, Massachusetts. Limited DHC–6 Series Airplanes FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Relevant Service Information AGENCY: Federal Aviation Fabio Buttitta, Aerospace Engineer, Boeing Canada de Havilland Division Administration (FAA), Department of FAA, New York Certification Office, issued Service Bulletin No. 6/508, Transportation (DOT). 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Revision ‘‘A’’, dated January 31, 1990. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking Westbury, New York 11590; telephone: The actions described in this service (NPRM). (516) 228–7303; fax: (516) 794–5531. information are intended to correct the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: unsafe condition identified in the SUMMARY: We propose to adopt a new MCAI. -
EVB Runway 7-25 Alternatives DRAFT 7 22 2019
NEW SNEW SMSMMMYRNAYRNA BEACH MUNICIPAL AIRPORT Runway 7/25 Runway Safety Area Alternatives City of New Smyrna Beach DRAFT Prepared By: July 2019 New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport Runway 7/25 Alternatives Table of Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Florida Department of Transportation Airport Inspection Report .......................................... 2 3. C&S Companies Report ...................................................................................................... 3 4. 2018 Airport Master Plan Update ........................................................................................ 4 5. Airport Layout Plan ............................................................................................................. 6 6. FAA Versus FDOT Safety Area Requirements .................................................................... 6 7. Departure Surfaces ............................................................................................................. 7 8. Published Departure and Landing Distances ...................................................................... 7 9. Typical Aeronautical Insurance Policies .............................................................................. 8 10. Typical Airport Leases at the Airport ................................................................................ 9 11. Wetlands at the Ends of the Runway .............................................................................. -
Name of Plan Wing Span Details Source Area Price Ama Ff Cl Ot Scale Gas Rubber Electric Other Glider 3 View Engine Red. Ot C
WING NAME OF PLAN DETAILS SOURCE AREA PRICE AMA POND RC FF CL OT SCALE GAS RUBBER ELECTRIC OTHER GLIDER 3 VIEW ENGINE RED. OT SPAN COMET MODEL AIRPLANE CO. 7D4 X X C 1 PURSUIT 15 3 $ 4.00 33199 C 1 PURSUIT FLYING ACES CLUB FINEMAN 80B5 X X 15 3 $ 4.00 30519 (NEW) MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS 1/69, 90C3 X X C 47 PROFILE 35 SCHAAF 5 $ 7.00 31244 X WALT MOONEY 14F7 X X X C A B MINICAB 20 3 $ 4.00 21346 C L W CURLEW BRITISH MAGAZINE 6D6 X X X 15 2 $ 3.00 20416 T 1 POPULAR AVIATION 9/28, POND 40E5 X X C MODEL 24 4 $ 5.00 24542 C P SPECIAL $ - 34697 RD121 X MODEL AIRPLANE NEWS 4/42, 8A6 X X C RAIDER 68 LATORRE 21 $ 23.00 20519 X AEROMODELLO 42D3 X C S A 1 38 9 $ 12.00 32805 C.A.B. GY 20 BY WALT MOONEY X X X 20 4 $ 6.00 36265 MINICAB C.W. SKY FLYER PLAN 15G3 X X HELLDIVER 02 15 4 $ 5.00 35529 C2 (INC C130 H PLAMER PLAN X X X 133 90 $ 122.00 50587 X HERCULES QUIET & ELECTRIC FLIGHT INT., X CABBIE 38 5/06 6 $ 9.00 50413 CABIN AEROMODELLER PLAN 8/41, 35F5 X X 20 4 $ 5.00 23940 BIPLANE DOWNES CABIN THE OAKLAND TRIBUNE 68B3 X X 20 3 $ 4.00 29091 COMMERCIAL NEWSPAPER 1931 Indoor Miller’s record-holding Dec. 1979 X Cabin Fever: 40 Manhattan Cabin. -
Aircraft Accident Investigation Report 821-1004
Jj. AUSTRALIA,.^ •<<-<- Aircraft Accident Investigation Report 821-1004 Cessna 411AVH-AYE Archerfield, Queensland 5 January 1982 BUREAU OF AIR SAFETY INVESTIGATION Aircraft Accident Investigation Report 821-1004 Reprographics Pty Ltd Cessna 411A VH-AYE Archerfield Airport Queensland 5 January 1982 The Secretary to the Department of Aviation authorised the investigation of this accident and the publication of this report pursuant to the powers conferred by Air Navigation Regulations 278 and 283 respectively. Prepared by the Bureau of Air Safety Investigation March 1983 Australian Government Publishing Service Canberra 1983 © Commonwealth of Australia 1983 ISBN 0 644 00485 1 Printed by Commonwealth Print Unit, Melbourne Contents Synopsis 1 1. Factual information 1 . 1 History of the flight 1 .2 Injuries to persons 3 .3 Damage to aircraft 3 .4 Other damage 4 .5 Personnel information 4 .5.1 Flight crew 4 .5.2 Air Traffic Controllers 5 1.6 Aircraft information 5 .6.1 History and documentation 5 .6.2 Engines and propellers 6 .6.3 Maintenance 7 .6.4 Weight and balance 8 1.7 Meteorological information 8 1.8 Aids to navigation 9 1.9 Communications 9 1.10 Aerodrome information 9 1.11 Flight recorders 9 1.12 Wreckage and impact information 12 1.13 Medical and pathological information 12 1.14 Fire 12 1.15 Survival aspects 13 1.16 Tests and research 13 1.16.1 Engines 13 1.16.2 Engine controls 13 1.16.3 Propellers 14 1.16.4 Propeller governors 14 1.16.5 Turbochargers 15 .16.6 Turbocharger controllers 15 .16.7 Exhaust pipes 16 .16.8 Fuel and oil samples 16 .16.9 Landing gear operation 16 .16.10 Engine response to throttle movement 16 . -
L'arsenal De L'aéronautique
L’impressionnant bimoteur prototype VG 10-02 en cours de montage durant l’hiver 1944-1945. L’Arsenal de l’aéronautique Ce devait être une société laboratoire, un modèle. Ce ne fut qu’un constructeur de plus, mais ses ingénieurs avec l’assistance des Centre d’essais mirent au point toutes les techniques modernes. 1 Capable d’enterrer les meilleures idées et les projets les plus utiles, le corbillard de la mort est un vé- hicule commandé par trois forts leviers : la bêtise, la mollesse et la fainéantise. On repère le premier à son inscription : « je ne sais pas », le second porte la mention : « je ne veux pas », le troisième : « ce n’est pas à moi de la faire ». Gérard Hartmann, 33 ans d’expérience professionnelle. 2 Une société modèle Dans les années trente, les députés (qui votent les budgets) et les dirigeants militaires français réalisent que par suite de manque de concentration et de partage des compétences, l’industrie aéronautique nationale a pris du re- tard par rapport aux grandes nations étrangè- res, Allemagne, Italie, Russie, Etats-Unis, Grande-Bretagne. C’est pourquoi ils décident de doter la France des structures adéquates. Avant même l’arrivée au pouvoir du Front po- pulaire, le rapporteur du budget de l’Air, le député socialiste Pierre Renaudel (1871-1935) défend l’idée d’une « société d’étude et de construction aéronautique modèle » (d’Etat). Ce sera L’Arsenal de l’aéronautique. La Grande soufflerie de Chalais-Meudon, inaugurée en 1934. Le Centre d’Essais des Moteurs et des Hélices de l’aviation militaire française passe sous le contrôle du ministère de l’Air. -
Accessibility in Rail Facilities
9/7/2017 Accessibility in Rail Facilities Kenneth Shiotani Senior Staff Attorney National Disability Rights Network 820 First Street Suite 740 Washington, DC 20002 (202) 408-9514 x 126 [email protected] September 2017 1 ADA Transportation Provisions Making Transportation Accessible was a major focus of the statutory provisions of the ADA PART B - Actions Applicable to Public Transportation Provided by Public Entities Considered Discriminatory [Subtitle B] SUBPART I - Public Transportation Other Than by Aircraft or Certain Rail Operations [Part I] 42 U.S.C. § 12141 – 12150 Definitions – fixed route and demand responsive, requirements for new, used and remanufactured vehicles, complementary paratransit, requirements in new facilities and alterations of existing facilities and key stations SUBPART II - Public Transportation by Intercity and Commuter Rail [Part II] 42 U.S.C. § 12161- 12165 Detailed requirements for new, used and remanufactured rail cars for commuter and intercity service and requirements for new and altered stations and key stations 2 1 9/7/2017 What Do the DOT ADA Regulations Require? Accessible railcars • Means for wheelchair users to board • Clear path for wheelchair user in railcar • Wheelchair space • Handrails and stanchions that do create barriers for wheelchair users • Public address systems • Between-Car Barriers • Accessible restrooms if restrooms are provided for passengers in commuter cars • Additional mode-specific requirements for thresholds, steps, floor surfaces and lighting 3 What are the different ‘modes’ of passenger rail under the ADA? • Rapid Rail (defined as “Subway-type,” full length, high level boarding) 49 C.F.R. Part 38 Subpart C - NYCTA, Boston T, Chicago “L,” D.C. -
Aircraft Tire Data
Aircraft tire Engineering Data Introduction Michelin manufactures a wide variety of sizes and types of tires to the exacting standards of the aircraft industry. The information included in this Data Book has been put together as an engineering and technical reference to support the users of Michelin tires. The data is, to the best of our knowledge, accurate and complete at the time of publication. To be as useful a reference tool as possible, we have chosen to include data on as many industry tire sizes as possible. Particular sizes may not be currently available from Michelin. It is advised that all critical data be verified with your Michelin representative prior to making final tire selections. The data contained herein should be used in conjunction with the various standards ; T&RA1, ETRTO2, MIL-PRF- 50413, AIR 8505 - A4 or with the airframer specifications or military design drawings. For those instances where a contradiction exists between T&RA and ETRTO, the T&RA standard has been referenced. In some cases, a tire is used for both civil and military applications. In most cases they follow the same standard. Where they do not, data for both tires are listed and identified. The aircraft application information provided in the tables is based on the most current information supplied by airframe manufacturers and/or contained in published documents. It is intended for use as general reference only. Your requirements may vary depending on the actual configuration of your aircraft. Accordingly, inquiries regarding specific models of aircraft should be directed to the applicable airframe manufacturer. -
19710017233.Pdf
PREVIOUS BIBLIOGRAPHIES IN THIS SERIES NASA SP-7037 Scptemher 1970 Jan. itug. 1970 W'ASA SP-7037 (01) Januar~197 I Scpt. Uec. 1970 NASA SP-7037 (02) AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING A Special Bibliography Supplement 2 A selection of annotated references to unclas- sified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and tech- nical information system and announced in January 1971 in Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) International Aerospace Abstracts (IAAI. Scieirtijic atrd Techirical Iirjomratioir 0jfic-e OFFICE OF INDUSTRY AFFAIRS AND TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION 1971 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION This document is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, Virginia 221 51 for $3.00. INTRODUCTION Under the terms of an interagency agreement with the Federal Aviation Admin- istration this publication has been prepared by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for the joint use of both agencies and the scientific and technical community concerned with the field of aeronautical engineering. This supplement to Aeroiiautical Eiigiiieeriiig-A Special Bibliographj. (NASA SP-7037) lists 394 reports, journal articles, and other documents originally announced in January 197 1 in Scieiitific aiid Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR)or in Iiiteriiatioiial Aerospace Abstracts (IAAI. For previous bibliographies in this series, see inside of front cover. The coverage includes documents on the engineering and theoretical aspects of design, construction, evaluation, testing, operation, and performance of aircraft (includ- ing aircraft engines) and associated components, equipment, and systems. It also in- cludes research and development in aerodynamics, aeronautics, and ground support equipment for aeronautical vehicles. Each entry in the bibliography consists of a standard bibliographic citation accom- panied by an abstract. -
Boeing TRADE WORKS Helping North America Out-Compete the World
Building North American Competitiveness Boeing TRADE WORKS Helping North America out-compete the world Canada, the U.S., and Mexico trade $1.3 trillion each year, generating Boeing, the world’s leading aerospace company and aircraft manufacturer, employs 140,000 people in the U.S. and another 1,900 in of the world’s GDP Canada. With annual revenues nearing $100 billion, Boeing highlights the 27% benefits of an integrated North American supply chain. with only 7% of the world’s population North American integration has enabled Boeing to expand its operations and take advantage of research and production talent across the continent. Production of the 787 Dreamliner illustrates the benefits of an integrated cross-border supply chain. While Boeing’s Winnipeg, Manitoba operations are responsible for work on the Dreamliner’s vertical tail assembly, movable trailing edges, wing-to-body fairing, and WE MAKE THINGS TOGETHER interiors, Boeing Canada works with the company’s fabrication plants in Washington State and Australia to ensure the completion of these On average, component parts. Canadian goods sold Boeing also sources many of the 787’s parts from suppliers in Chihuahua, Mexico. Goodrich, a manufacturing company based in Charlotte, North to the U.S. contain Carolina, produces the Dreamliner’s engine cowlings — which cover the aircraft’s engines — at its plant in Chihuahua. These parts are then 25% U.S. content shipped north for further assembly in the U.S. and Canada. Additionally, Washington-based Esterline supplies the flight deck control panels for the 787. Esterline’s systems integrated cockpit is produced in Canada at Esterline Avionics BOEING WE DO BUSINESS TOGETHER Systems, which features CMC Electronics.