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University of Copenhagen FACULTY of SOCIAL SCIENCES Faculty of Social Sciences UNIVERSITY of COPENHAGEN · DENMARK PHD DISSERTATION 2019 · ISBN 978-87-7209-312-3
Arctic identity interactions Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies Jacobsen, Marc Publication date: 2019 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Jacobsen, M. (2019). Arctic identity interactions: Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies. Download date: 11. okt.. 2021 DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE university of copenhagen FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES faculty of social sciences UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN · DENMARK PHD DISSERTATION 2019 · ISBN 978-87-7209-312-3 MARC JACOBSEN Arctic identity interactions Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies and Denmark’s Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s identity interactions Arctic Arctic identity interactions Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies PhD Dissertation 2019 Marc Jacobsen DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE university of copenhagen FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES faculty of social sciences UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN · DENMARK PHD DISSERTATION 2019 · ISBN 978-87-7209-312-3 MARC JACOBSEN Arctic identity interactions Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies and Denmark’s Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s identity interactions Arctic Arctic identity interactions Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies PhD Dissertation 2019 Marc Jacobsen Arctic identity interactions Reconfiguring dependency in Greenland’s and Denmark’s foreign policies Marc Jacobsen PhD Dissertation Department of Political Science University of Copenhagen September 2019 Main supervisor: Professor Ole Wæver, University of Copenhagen. Co-supervisor: Associate Professor Ulrik Pram Gad, Aalborg University. -
GRU Alm.Del - Bilag 22 Offentligt
Grønlandsudvalget 2019-20 GRU Alm.del - Bilag 22 Offentligt RIGSOMBUDSMANDEN I GRØNLAND Samtlige ministerier mv. Dato: 4. december 2019 Indberetning fra rigsombudsmanden i Grønland Finansloven for 2020 vedtaget Grønlands landsting, Inatsisartut, afsluttede sin efterårssamling 2019 med vedtagelse af finansloven for 2020. Finansloven, som er resultat af en aftale indgået mellem koalitionspartierne Siumut og Nunatta Qitornai samt støttepartiet Demokraterne, budgetterer med et overskud i 2020 på 49,6 mio. kr. samt et overskud på 0,3 mio. kr. over en fireårig periode: Kilde: Naalakkersuisut Rigsombudsmanden i Grønland Kalaallit Nunaanni Rigsombudsmandi Indaleeqqap Aqqutaa 3 Telefon: (+299) 32 10 01 Postboks 1030 Telefax: (+299) 32 41 71 3900 Nuuk E-mail: [email protected] www.rigsombudsmanden.gl 2 Med henblik på at fremme vækst og beskæftigelse nedsættes selskabsskatten med 5 pct. Der indføres beskæftigelsesfradrag fra 2020, og der skal ske en tilpasning af alderspensionen for at gøre det attraktivt at blive længere på arbejdsmarkedet. Der er afsat øgede midler til uddannelse, herunder til etablering af en ny maskinmesteruddannelse, og der prioriteres med udvikling i hele landet. Til dette formål er i 2020 afsat 5 mio. kr. til projektering af vej mellem Kangerlussuaq og Sisimiut, og der er afsat en reserve på 15 mio. kr. til anlæg og renovering i mindre byer og bygder. Der er i finansloven fokus på social- og sundhedsområdet, idet der bl.a. er afsat midler til en ny familiepolitik og særlige indsatser målrettet udsatte grupper i samfundet, ligesom der er afsat midler til det tværgående dansk-grønlandske arbejde om styrket indsats for udsatte børn og unge. Der nedsættes en sundhedskommission, der skal komme med indstillinger til, hvordan man får mere sundhed for pengene, herunder gennem styrket forebyggelse og sundhedsfremme. -
Factsheet: the Danish Folketinget
Directorate-General for the Presidency Directorate for Relations with National Parliaments Factsheet: The Danish Folketinget 1. At a glance Denmark is a Constitutional Monarchy and a parliamentary democracy. The Folketinget is a unicameral Parliament composed of 179 Members. The two self-governing regions, Greenland and the Faeroe Islands, each elect two Members. Of the other 175 Members, 135 are elected from ten multi-Member constituencies on a party list, proportional representation system using the d'Hondt method. The remaining 40 seats are allocated to ensure proportionality at a national level. Elections of the Folketinget must take place every four years, unless the Monarch, on the advice of the Prime Minister, calls for early elections. The general election on 5 June 2019 gave the "Red Bloc" a parliamentary majority in support of Social Democrats leader Mette Frederiksen as Prime Minister. The coalition comprises the Social Democrats, the Social Liberals, Socialist People's Party, the Red– Green Alliance, the Faroese Social Democratic Party and the Greenlandic Siumut, and won 93 of the 179 seats. The Government, announced on 27 June, is a single-party government. 2. Composition Results of the Folketinget elections on 5 June 2019 Party EP affiliation % Seats Socialdemokraterne (Social Democrats) 25,9% 48 Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti) (V) (Liberals) 23,45% 43 Dansk Folkeparti (DF) (Danish People's Party) 8,7% 16 Det Radikale Venstre (Danish Social Liberal Party) 8,6% 16 Socialistisk Folkeparti (SF) (Socialist People's Party) 7,7% 14 Red-Green Alliance (Enhedslisten) 13 6,9% Det Konservative Folkeparti (Conservative People's Party) 6,6% 12 The Alternative (Alternativet) 3% 5 The New Right (Nye Borgerlige) 2,4% 4 Liberal Alliance (Liberal Alliance) 2,3% 4 Others <1 % 0 Faroe Islands Union Party (Sambandsflokkurin) 28,8% 1 Javnaðarflokkurin (Social Democratic Party) 25,5% 1 Greenland Inuit Ataqatigiit (Inuit Community) 33,4% 1 Siumut 29,4% 1 Forward 179 Turnout: 84.6% 3. -
Greenland Last Ice Area
kn Greenland Last Ice Area Potentials for hydrocarbon and mineral resources activities Mette Frost, WWF-DK Copenhagen, September 2014 Report Greenland Last Ice Area. Potentials for hydrocarbon and mineral resources activities. The report is written by Mette Frost, WWF Verdensnaturfonden. Published by WWF Verdensnaturfonden, Svanevej 12, 2400 København NV. Denmark. Phone +45 3536 3635 – E-mail: [email protected] WWF Global Arctic Programme, 275 Slater Street, Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 5L4. Canada. Phone: +1 613 232 2535 Project The report has been developed under the Last Ice Area project, a joint project between WWF Canada, WWF Denmark and WWF Global Arctic Programme. Other WWF reports on Greenland – Last Ice Area Greenland Last Ice Area. Scoping study: socioeconomic and socio-cultural use of the Greenland LIA. By Pelle Tejsner, consultant and PhD. and Mette Frost, WWF-DK. November 2012. Seals in Greenland – an important component of culture and economy. By Eva Garde, WWF-DK. November 2013. Front page photo: Yellow house in Kullorsuaq, Qaasuitsup Kommunia, Greenland. July 2012. Mette Frost, WWF Verdensnaturfonden. The report can be downloaded from www.wwf.dk [1] CONTENTS Last Ice Area Introduction 4 Last Ice Area / Sikuusarfiit Nunngutaat 5 Last Ice Area/ Den Sidste Is 6 Summary 7 Eqikkaaneq 12 Sammenfatning 18 1. Introduction – scenarios for resources development within the Greenland LIA 23 1.1 Last Ice Area 23 1.2 Geology of the Greenland LIA 25 1.3 Climate change 30 2. Mining in a historical setting 32 2.1 Experiences with mining in Greenland 32 2.2 Resources development to the benefit of society 48 3. -
Greenland's Project Independence
NO. 10 JANUARY 2021 Introduction Greenland’s Project Independence Ambitions and Prospects after 300 Years with the Kingdom of Denmark Michael Paul An important anniversary is coming up in the Kingdom of Denmark: 12 May 2021 marks exactly three hundred years since the Protestant preacher Hans Egede set sail, with the blessing of the Danish monarch, to missionise the island of Greenland. For some Greenlanders that date symbolises the end of their autonomy: not a date to celebrate but an occasion to declare independence from Denmark, after becoming an autonomous territory in 2009. Just as controversial as Egede’s statue in the capital Nuuk was US President Donald Trump’s offer to purchase the island from Denmark. His arrogance angered Greenlanders, but also unsettled them by exposing the shaky foundations of their independence ambitions. In the absence of governmental and economic preconditions, leaving the Realm of the Danish Crown would appear to be a decidedly long-term option. But an ambitious new prime minister in Nuuk could boost the independence process in 2021. Only one political current in Greenland, tice to finances. “In the Law on Self-Govern- the populist Partii Naleraq of former Prime ment the Danes granted us the right to take Minister Hans Enoksen, would like to over thirty-two sovereign responsibilities. declare independence imminently – on And in ten years we have taken on just one National Day (21 June) 2021, the anniver- of them, oversight over resources.” Many sary of the granting of self-government people just like to talk about independence, within Denmark in 2009. -
Human Rights in Greenland Status 2016 Summary in English Summary in English
HUMAN RIGHTS IN GREENLAND STATUS 2016 SUMMARY IN ENGLISH SUMMARY IN ENGLISH Human rights play a role in many different areas. National legislation must comply with international human rights as they apply to Greenland. Likewise, authorities and public institutions must ensure that case handling is in line with Greenland’s human rights obligations. Human rights can be perceived as abstract and unreal for individuals. However, human rights are relevant in the liaison between individuals and for instance local authorities, government agencies, the police or prison services, individuals realise the significance of human rights. The right not to be incarcerated for more than a limited time or the fact that persons with disabilities have the same right as others to access education are examples of topics of human rights relevance. In this report, the Danish Institute for Human Rights and the Human Rights Council of Greenland provide a status of the human rights situation in Greenland 2016 in the following selected areas: 1. Implementation of human rights 2. Children and youth 3. Disability 4. Equal treatment 5. Natural resources 6. Access to justice and loss of liberty 7. Rule of law in local authorities and the self-rule government 8. Dissemination of human rights 9. Education 2 The report provides an overview and raises a number of human rights issues for each area. In addition, we provide an overview of the development of human rights within each area and we give recommendations on how to strengthen human rights in Greenland in these areas. It is our intention to update this report updated regularly and over time include other relevant human rights topics. -
Kulturkløfter Før Og Nu
KULTURKLØFTER FØR OG NU Filmanalyse og empirisk undersøgelse af grønlandske studerendes oplevelse af kulturkløfter Specialeafhandling udarbejdet af Heidi Rosing. Vejleder: Jette Rygaard, lektor. Maj, 2017. Afdeling for Sprog, Litteratur & Medier, Ilisimatusarfik, Nuuk. Indholdsfortegnelse INDLEDNING'....................................................................................................................................'1! PROBLEMFORMULERING'.................................................................................................................'3! AFGRÆNSNING!.......................................................................................................................................!4! OPBYGNING!AF!AFHANDLINGEN!.................................................................................................................!5! TIDLIGERE!UNDERSØGELSER!.......................................................................................................................!6! METODISKE'OVERVEJELSER'.............................................................................................................'7! METODEREDEGØRELSE'....................................................................................................................'9! KVALITATIV!UNDERSØGELSE!.......................................................................................................................!9! KVANTITATIV!UNDERSØGELSE!..................................................................................................................!12! -
GRU Alm.Del - Bilag 48 Offentligt
Grønlandsudvalget 2020-21 GRU Alm.del - Bilag 48 Offentligt RIGSOMBUDSMANDEN I GRØNLAND Dato: 28. april 2021 Samtlige ministerier mv. Indberetning fra rigsombudsmanden i Grønland Valg i Grønland: IA og Naleraq danner snæver koalition Formand for Inuit Ataqatigiit (IA) Múte B. Egede og formand for Naleraq Hans Enoksen præsenterede 16. april 2021 en koalitionsaftale med titlen ’Solidaritet, stabilitet og vækst’. Koalitionen råder over 16 af Inatsisartuts 31 mandater, men har det lille liberale pro- rigsfællesskabsparti Atassut (to mandater) som støtteparti. Naalakkersuisut blev valgt af Inatsisartut den 23. april. Koalitionsaftalen, (der som bilag har ressortfordeling og ministerliste) er vedhæftet. Koalitionsaftalen har fokus på mennesket og de nære emner. Det hedder i indledningen, at koalitionen vil ”fokusere på befolkningens levevilkår og adgang til sundhed, uddannelse og en sund økonomi. Befolkningens styrke og robusthed er grundlaget for samfundets evne til at stå på egne ben.” Selvstændighedstemaet berøres som en overliggende, langsigtet målsætning, idet det prioriteres at udfylde de eksisterende rammer. Det angives som en målsætning, at der skal skabes stabilitet gennem brede og langsigtede forlig på samfundskritiske områder. Det fremgår af koalitionsaftalen, at det bl.a. er nødvendigt at reformere skattesystemet, og at en sammenhængende reform skal bane vejen for, at det bedre skal kunne betale sig at arbejde. På erhvervsområdet prioriteres det at få afsluttet det mangeårige arbejde med udarbejdelse af ny fiskerilov, og der lægges op til udvikling af råstofområdet, idet koalitionen dog vil arbejde for lovgivning, som forbyder mineraludvinding med radioaktivt materiale. Koalitionen agter at stoppe Kvanefjeldsprojektet. Ny naalakkersuisoq for udenrigsanliggender mv. Pele Broberg har i et interview til avisen Sermitsiaq oplyst, at Naalakkersuisut vil arbejde med ministerstyre. -
An Introduction to Inuit and Chukchi Experiences in the Bering Strait, Beaufort Sea, and Baffin Bay
water Article Crossroads of Continents and Modern Boundaries: An Introduction to Inuit and Chukchi Experiences in the Bering Strait, Beaufort Sea, and Baffin Bay Henry P. Huntington 1,* , Richard Binder Sr. 2, Robert Comeau 3, Lene Kielsen Holm 4, Vera Metcalf 5, Toku Oshima 6, Carla SimsKayotuk 7 and Eduard Zdor 8 1 Ocean Conservancy, Eagle River, AK 99577, USA 2 Inuvik, NT X0E 0T0, Canada; [email protected] 3 Iqaluit, NU X0A 0H0, Canada; [email protected] 4 Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk 3900, Greenland; [email protected] 5 Eskimo Walrus Commission, Nome, AK 99762, USA; [email protected] 6 Qaanaaq 3971, Greenland; [email protected] 7 North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management, Kaktovik, AK 99747, USA; [email protected] 8 Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 21 May 2020; Accepted: 20 June 2020; Published: 24 June 2020 Abstract: The homeland of Inuit extends from Asia and the Bering Sea to Greenland and the Atlantic Ocean. Inuit and their Chukchi neighbors have always been highly mobile, but the imposition of three international borders in the region constrained travel, trade, hunting, and resource stewardship among neighboring groups. Colonization, assimilation, and enforcement of national laws further separated those even from the same family. In recent decades, Inuit and Chukchi have re-established many ties across those boundaries, making it easier to travel and trade with one another and to create new institutions of environmental management. To introduce Indigenous perspectives into the discussion of transboundary maritime water connections in the Arctic, this paper presents personal descriptions of what those connections mean to people who live and work along and across each of the national frontiers within the region: Russia–U.S., U.S.–Canada, and Canada–Greenland. -
Denmark#.Vdw5x2ccsy0.Cleanprint
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2015/denmark#.VdW5X2cCSy0.cleanprint Denmark freedomhouse.org The Socialist People’s Party, a member of the governing coalition, left the government in January in protest over the sale of 19 percent of the stock in the state-owned company DONG Energy to the investment banking firm Goldman Sachs. Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt’s minority government remained in power through 2014 despite the loss of the Socialist People’s Party’s 12 seats. Unprecedented numbers of asylum seekers, mostly from Syria, further strained the resources and capacity of Denmark, which has some of the toughest immigration laws in the European Union (EU). The Euroskeptic and anti-immigration Danish People’s Party made the biggest gains in the European Parliament elections in May, with nearly 27 percent of the Danish vote. Political Rights and Civil Liberties: Political Rights: 40 / 40 [Key] A. Electoral Process: 12 / 12 The current constitution, adopted in 1953, established a single-chamber parliament (the Folketing) and retained a monarch, currently Queen Margrethe II, with mostly ceremonial duties. The parliament’s 179 representatives are elected at least once every four years through a system of modified proportional representation. The monarch chooses the prime minister, usually the leader of the majority party or government coalition. Parliamentary elections in 2011 led to a change of government, with Thorning-Schmidt leading the Social Democratic Party to power after forming a coalition with the Social Liberal Party, the Socialist People’s Party, and the Red-Green Party. Although Thorning-Schmidt’s coalition was able to narrowly defeat Rasmussen’s center-right coalition, the Social Democratic Party itself suffered its worst electoral result since 1903 and won fewer seats in Parliament than Rasmussen’s Liberal Party. -
Introduktion Til Grønland Forlæg V/Mads Fægteborg
Introduktion til Grønland Forlæg v/Mads Fægteborg Udarbejdet af Grønlands Repræsentation Redaktion: Susan Frydendahl Tilrettelæggelse: Susan Frydendahl Redaktionen sluttet 1. november 2018 Indhold 1. Introduktion til Grønland side 3 Areal og klima - 3 Befolkning - 4 Grønlands nyere historie - 4 Fødestedskriteriet - 10 Kulturelle forhold - 11 Grønland som fangstnation - 12 Råstoffer - 13 Uran - 14 Vandkraft - 14 Storskalaindustri - 15 Eksport af is og vand - 15 Handel og produktion - 15 Økonomien - 16 Infrastruktur - 16 2. Grønlands Selvstyre - 20 Partierne - 20 Inatsisartut (Landstinget) - 20 Naalakkersuisut (Landsstyret) - 22 De grønlandske kommuner - 28 3. Staten - 30 4. Erhvervslivet - 33 Fiskeriet - 33 Fangst - 35 Fåre- og rensdyravl 35 Handel - 35 Efterforskning og udnyttelse af mineralske råstoffer og vandkraft - 36 Bygge- og anlægssektoren - 37 Televæsen - 37 Serviceerhverv m.v. - 39 Erhvervsfremmeselskaber - 39 Bankvæsen - 41 5. Familie og fritid - 43 Sundhedsvæsenet - 43 Børnepasningsordninger - 44 Børne- og ungeområdet 45 Handicapområdet - 46 Skolen i Grønland - 46 Efterskoler - 47 Folkehøjskoler - 48 De gymnasiale uddannelser - 48 Erhvervsuddannelser - 49 1 Videregående uddannelser - 49 Kørekort - 49 Værnepligt - 49 Familieretlige sager - 49 Faderskabssager - 50 Abort - 50 Retsvæsenet - 50 Kirken - 50 Helligdage og festdage - 50 Penge - 51 Butikker - 52 Beklædning - 52 Friluftsliv - 52 Jagt og fiskeri - 53 Grønlands Idræts Forbund - 53 Skisport - 53 Over indlandsisen - 54 Fodbold - 54 Sports-events - 54 Aften- og fritidsundervisning - 54 Andre klubber og foreninger - 55 Aviser, radio og TV - 55 Fotografering - 55 Video - 55 Toldregler - 55 Washington-konventionen - 57 2 Kapitel 1. Introduktion til Grønland Grønlands grønlandske navn er Kalaallit Nunaat, grønlændernes land. Areal og klima Grønland er verdens største ø og tilhører det nord amerikanske kontinent. I syd afgrænses landet af Atlanterhavet, i nord af Ishavet, i vest af Davis Strædet, Baffin Bugten og Nares Strædet, der på sit smal- leste sted kun er 26 km. -
“While We Owe Much to America I Do Not Feel That We Owe Them the Whole Island of Greenland”
“While we owe much to America I do not feel that we owe them the whole island of Greenland” How the triangular security relationship between Greenland, Denmark, and the United States is articulated in events of US’ attempts to purchase Greenland in 1946 and 2019, their reflections of the Arctic security political issues, and the effects in the triangular relationship Iben Fejerskov Larsen Culture, Communication & Globalization, Arctic Studies Specialization Master’s thesis Spring 2021 Aalborg University Key Strokes: 191,466 Supervisor: Lill Rastad Bjørst Department of Culture and Learning Table of Contents ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................ 3 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 4 1.1. RESEARCH QUESTION ....................................................................................................................... 6 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................... 6 2.1. SUMMARY AND CONTRIBUTION ..................................................................................................... 10 3. METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................... 10 3.1. RESEARCH DESIGN AND STRUCTURE .............................................................................................