DOCSLIB.ORG

A-Warriors-Path.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A-Warriors-Path.Pdf A Warrior's path A Fine Art Exhibit by: Mike J A Holden A Warrior’s Path is a collection of various works by Mike Holden that explore spirituality, traditions, and knowledge systems within the context of indigenous warrior culture, from the 1800s, through to World War II, and up to present day. Various First Nations tribes of Turtle Island are depicted in his work, telling stories that express the warrior mentality, warfare itself, peace, spirituality, love, victory, and the evolution of the warrior in an ever changing world. Featured works: Geronimo by: Mike J A Holden Description: Apache warriors are honored for the courage of their nations which fought with unparalleled bravery against the United States between 1849 and 1886, when Geronimo surrendered, and to a lesser extent for another 38 years after. The tendrils of lightning encasing the warriors are a depiction of how the first peoples saw the lethal power of gunfire that struck men dead with a thunderous flash. The serpent with the many tentacles strangling Geronimo and piercing through the skin of the Apache warriors depicts the mass genocide inflicted by the US. The Apache helicopter, the most lethal helicopter in the world, was named after the Apache Warriors for their ferocity in battle. Some of the weapons used by the Apache warriors have been adopted by the US military such as the Tomahawk and several combat knives. And as early as 1940, American paratroopers of all ancestries adopted “Geronimo” as a battle cry for jumping into combat. Today the Apache warrior tradition continues as a proud and disproportionate number of patriotic Apache men and women who serve in the American military. For this reason the red, white, and blue of the American flag appears in the background—a flag countless Apache veterans have heroically fought under for nearly a century Fine-Day by: Mike J A Holden Description: Fine‐Day was one of the most fierce, well known and respected Plains Cree warriors of his time. He was involved in dozens of battles and horse raids. He was the head/lead warrior of the Rattler society, one of the many Plains Cree tribes of the powerful Iron Confederacy. He was a skilled warrior; hunter; trapper; and, in later life a powerful shaman and elder. On May 2nd 1885 near Battleford Saskatchewan a battalion of North West Mounted Police and 350 Canadian Troops led by William Dillon Otter set foot to obliterate the massive Cree Assiniboine encampment led by Poundmaker. They had 2 cannons and a Gatling gun. A scout early in the morning spotted the approaching soldiers and quickly sent word to the camp. Fine‐Day immediately organized a counter attack. The Cree fought in small groups. One group would run forward, attack the soldiers then rush back to the ravine before the soldiers could get them. As soon as the soldiers tried to attack the warriors on one side, another group of warriors would rush out of the second ravine and attack them from behind. All other warriors guarded the women and children. Otter could not attack, because he had no idea where the enemies were nor of their numbers. After six hours of fighting, Otter decided to withdraw and retreat. Many of Fine‐Day's men wanted to chase the retreaters down and kill them but Poundmaker asked the warriors to let them leave and live. The warriors respected Poundmaker and Otter so the men safely escaped. Had Chief Poundmaker had not asked his warriors to let the troops escape the battle may have turned into a massacre, just like the Battle of Little Big Horn. Some People compare this battle, the Battle of Cut Knife, to the Battle of Little Big Horn. It is estimated that Fine‐Day had only 50‐100 warriors and Canada had nearly 400 troops two cannons and a Gatling gun. The Cree still won. Thus the destroyed cannon burning on fire at the bottom of the painting is present. Wandering Spirit by: Mike J A Holden Description: Wandering spirit was the most military accomplished Cree warrior of the entire 1800's, earning a total of 12 scalps in his lifetime. He had several dozens of victorious battles with the fierce Blackfoot people and most notably the victory of the battle of Frenchman’s Butte. Frenchman's Butte was a battle fought between Canada and a starving, fed up, and enraged Force of 200 Cree warriors led by War Chief Wandering Spirit. Canada had a force of 400 soldiers, with a mix of cowboys, NWMP and settlers led by Thomas Bland Strange. The battle was a victory for the Cree, but a hollow one. The rebellion was hopeless for other Cree factions and tribes throughout the prairie's were forced to surrender. The Métis uprising was also over and with all the remaining Cree were then forced to sign the treaties due to starvation, which was caused by the government killing and slaughtering the buffalo to near extinction. Canada was now free to conquer the rest of the great, beautiful land called the Canadian prairies. Wandering Spirits fate was a terrible one. Having been filled with rage towards the expanding Canadian Government Wandering Spirit gathered about a dozen warriors all under the influence of alcohol, including Wandering Spirit. They went on a killing spree, killing an Indian Agent and two priests. Wandering Spirit was later arrested and hung, along with 7 other warriors. Before he was hung he sang a love song to his wife. Wandering Spirit is seen as a menacing villain, often misunderstood and hated, he was actually a loving gentle man, later told by his wives. Among the Cree Wandering Spirit was not different nor menacing, all the Cree were terrified and mad at what the future looked like with the buffalo gone and the Fire Water (alcohol). It was a scary and sad time. Wandering Spirit will always be remembered with a good heart amongst all Plains Indian Tribes. Dreaver by: Mike J A Holden Description: Chief Joseph Dreaver (1892-1978) was a decorated veteran of both WWI and WWII. While serving as a sapper in the 1st World War he was awarded the Military Medal for bravery at Ypres. He reenlisted at the age of 48 when WWII broke out. Because of his age he remained in AB serving as a guard of POWs. Dreaver's accommodations included: 2 Coronation Medals, a Confederation of Canada Medal, a Second World War Medal, a Voluntary Service Medal, the Military Medal, and the Great War for Civilization Medal. He served for more than 40 years as Chief of the Mistawasis Cree Band and was a lifetime member of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians. Impossible Odds by: Mike J A Holden Description: A Warrior is not only one of strong physical capabilities, and cunning instincts. A warrior also trains his mind to be at one with his spirit, so he can see beyond the illusions of this world. Here, a lone warrior stands against the enemy, singing his death song and meeting his fate. When overrun by the enemy, Dog Soldiers did not retreat, but rather staked their sashes to the ground with an arrow and sang their way home to the Creator, to ensure a good death. A good death is where one’s life is given with courage and selflessness for his people. Death is seen as only one phase of eternal life, just as birth. Fear in warrior traditions belongs to illusion, as every fate that meets us is bringing us what we need to pass through in this physical realm as spiritual beings Thunderbird Warrior by: Mike J A Holden Description: The coming of thunder in the spring is a gift from the Thunderbeings, a promise of renewal, an awakening. The return of the thunder in the spring is a spiritual salve for the losses of the past year, and throughout the harsh and unforgiving winters. It is a time for warriors to heal, and to grow strong again, and to prepare. The Thunderbeings bring with their return, the recharge needed for a warrior to rise again and to hold a place of courage and selflessness for the people. Artist Mike Holden carries Coming of Thunder, as his traditional spirit name. He is also the son of a lightning strike survivor who carries a name to honour the Thunderbeings. The Thunderbird is depicted in this painting to show us the unseen bringers of the thunder and lightning, and the rifles represent the harnessed power of the Thunderbeings that they were believed to contain when they were first introduced, being powerful instruments to provide for and protect the people. Behind the warrior is the sun, which returns along with the thunder to renew the warrior’s strength. Six Nations by: Mike J A Holden Description: The Iroquois Confederacy is composed of six Haudenosaunee nations. The traditional homeland of the Haudenosaunee is a region along the south shores of Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River in what are now the states of Pennsylvania, New York, and Vermont where the Haudenosaunee lived by cultivating corn, squash, and beans as well as hunting. Prior to confederation the initial five nations of the confederacy; the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca were in a state of vicious warfare with each other. During these conflicts two men, Hiawatha and Deganawida managed to broker a peace between the warring nations and create what was to become one of the most dominant military and political forces in the Eastern Woodlands. During the early 18th century the people of the Iroquoian Tuscarora nation were displaced from their homeland in present-day Virginia and North Carolina by English colonists, causing them to migrate north and settle with their relatives, thus becoming the sixth nation of the Iroquois Confederacy.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Rose Collection of Moccasins in the Canadian Museum of Civilization : Transitional Woodland/Grassl and Footwear
    THE ROSE COLLECTION OF MOCCASINS IN THE CANADIAN MUSEUM OF CIVILIZATION : TRANSITIONAL WOODLAND/GRASSL AND FOOTWEAR David Sager 3636 Denburn Place Mississauga, Ontario Canada, L4X 2R2 Abstract/Resume Many specialists assign the attribution of "Plains Cree" or "Plains Ojibway" to material culture from parts of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. In fact, only a small part of this area was Grasslands. Several bands of Cree and Ojibway (Saulteaux) became permanent residents of the Grasslands bor- ders when Reserves were established in the 19th century. They rapidly absorbed aspects of Plains material culture, a process started earlier farther west. This paper examines one such case as revealed by footwear. Beaucoup de spécialistes attribuent aux Plains Cree ou aux Plains Ojibway des objets matériels de culture des régions du Manitoba ou de la Saskatch- ewan. En fait, il n'y a qu'une petite partie de cette région ait été prairie. Plusieurs bandes de Cree et d'Ojibway (Saulteaux) sont devenus habitants permanents des limites de la prairie quand les réserves ont été établies au XIXe siècle. Ils ont rapidement absorbé des aspects de la culture matérielle des prairies, un processus qu'on a commencé plus tôt plus loin à l'ouest. Cet article examine un tel cas comme il est révélé par des chaussures. The Canadian Journal of Native Studies XIV, 2(1 994):273-304. 274 David Sager The Rose Moccasin Collection: Problems in Attribution This paper focuses on a unique group of eight pair of moccasins from southern Saskatchewan made in the mid 1880s. They were collected by Robert Jeans Rose between 1883 and 1887.
    [Show full text]
  • Thistle Indian-Trader.Pdf
    THE UNIVERS]TY OF MANITOBA INDIAN--TRADER RELATIONS: AN ETHNOH]STORY OF WESTERN WOODS CREE.-HUDSONIS BAY COMPANY TRADER CONTACT IN THE CUMBERLAND HOUSE--THE PAS REGION TO 1840 A thesis subnitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirenents for the degree of Master of Art s in the Indívidual Tnterdisciplinary Programne (Anthropology, History, Educat i on) by Paul Clifford Thistle .Tu 1v 19 8 3 INDIAN--TRADDR REI-ATIONS: AN ETHNOII ISTORY 0F I¡]ESTERN WOODS CREE--HUDSONTS BAY COMPANY TRADER CONTACT IN THE CUMBERLAND HOUSE--THE PAS REGION TO I84O by PauI Cl ifford Thistle A tlìesis submitted to the Faculty of G¡aduate Studies ol the University of Manitobâ in partial fulfillment of the requirenìer.ìts of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS @ 1983 Pe¡missjon has been granted to the LIBRARY OF THE UNIVER- SITY OF MANITOBA to lend or sell copies of this thesis. to the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF CANADA to microfilnr this thesis and to lend or sell copies of the film, and UNIVERSITy MICROFILMS to publish an abstract of this thesis. The author reserves other publication rights, and neither the thesis nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or other- wise reproduced without the autho¡'s w¡ittelr perurissiotr. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT vl1 CHAPTER I ]NTRODUCT ION 1 The Prob 1em 1 Purpose 3 Scope 4 S igni ficance 5 Method 11 The o ry T4 (i) Ethnic/Race Relations Theory 16 (ii) Ethnicity Theory 19 (iii) Culture Change and Acculturat i on Theory 22 Sumrnary Discussion 26 II ETHNOGRAPHY OF THE RELATION z8 Introduction .
    [Show full text]
  • The North-West Rebellion 1885 Riel on Trial
    182-199 120820 11/1/04 2:57 PM Page 182 Chapter 13 The North-West Rebellion 1885 Riel on Trial It is the summer of 1885. The small courtroom The case against Riel is being heard by in Regina is jammed with reporters and curi- Judge Hugh Richardson and a jury of six ous spectators. Louis Riel is on trial. He is English-speaking men. The tiny courtroom is charged with treason for leading an armed sweltering in the heat of a prairie summer. For rebellion against the Queen and her Canadian days, Riel’s lawyers argue that he is insane government. If he is found guilty, the punish- and cannot tell right from wrong. Then it is ment could be death by hanging. Riel’s turn to speak. The photograph shows What has happened over the past 15 years Riel in the witness box telling his story. What to bring Louis Riel to this moment? This is the will he say in his own defence? Will the jury same Louis Riel who led the Red River decide he is innocent or guilty? All Canada is Resistance in 1869-70. This is the Riel who waiting to hear what the outcome of the trial was called the “Father of Manitoba.” He is will be! back in Canada. Reflecting/Predicting 1. Why do you think Louis Riel is back in Canada after fleeing to the United States following the Red River Resistance in 1870? 2. What do you think could have happened to bring Louis Riel to this trial? 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Tribal Strategies Against Violence: Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes Case Study
    The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Tribal Strategies Against Violence: Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes Case Study Author(s): V. Richard Nichols ; Anne Litchfield ; Ted Holappa ; Kit Van Stelle Document No.: 206034 Date Received: June 2004 Award Number: 97-DD-BX-0031 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Tribal Strategies Against Violence Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes Case Study Prepared by ORBIS Associates V. Richard Nichols Principal Investigator Anne Litchfield Senior Researcher/Editor Ted Holappa Investigator Kit Van Stelle Criminal Justice Consultant January 2002 NIJ # 97-DD-BX0031 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Prepared for the National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice, by ORBIS Associates under contract # 97-DD- BX 0031. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicine Wheels
    The central rock pile was 14 feet high with several cairns spanned out in different directions, aligning to various stars. Astraeoastronomers have determined that one cairn pointed to Capella, the ideal North sky marker hundreds of years ago. At least two cairns aligned with the solstice sunrise, while the others aligned with the rising points of bright stars that signaled the summer solstice 2000 years ago (Olsen, B, 2008). Astrological alignments of the five satellite cairns around the central mound of Moose Mountain Medicine Wheel from research by John A. Eddy Ph.D. National Geographic January 1977. MEDICINE WHEELS Medicine wheels are sacred sites where stones placed in a circle or set out around a central cairn. Researchers claim they are set up according to the stars and planets, clearly depicting that the Moose Mountain area has been an important spiritual location for millennia. 23 Establishing Cultural Connections to Archeological Artifacts Archeologists have found it difficult to establish links between artifacts and specific cultural groups. It is difficult to associate artifacts found in burial or ancient camp sites with distinct cultural practices because aboriginal livelihood and survival techniques were similar between cultures in similar ecosystem environments. Nevertheless, burial sites throughout Saskatchewan help tell the story of the first peoples and their cultures. Extensive studies of archeological evidence associated with burial sites have resulted in important conclusions with respect to the ethnicity of the people using the southeast Saskatchewan region over the last 1,000 years. In her Master Thesis, Sheila Dawson (1987) concluded that the bison culture frequently using this area was likely the Sioux/ Assiniboine people.
    [Show full text]
  • Rupturing the Myth of the Peaceful Western Canadian Frontier: a Socio-Historical Study of Colonization, Violence, and the North West Mounted Police, 1873-1905
    Rupturing the Myth of the Peaceful Western Canadian Frontier: A Socio-Historical Study of Colonization, Violence, and the North West Mounted Police, 1873-1905 by Fadi Saleem Ennab A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of Sociology University of Manitoba Winnipeg Copyright © 2010 by Fadi Saleem Ennab TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... iii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................... 8 Mythologizing the Frontier .......................................................................................... 8 Comparative and Critical Studies on Western Canada .......................................... 15 Studies of Colonial Policing and Violence in Other British Colonies .................... 22 Summary of Literature ............................................................................................... 32 Research Questions ..................................................................................................... 33 CHAPTER THREE: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS ......................................... 35 CHAPTER
    [Show full text]
  • Jtc1/Sc2/Wg2 N3427 L2/08-132
    JTC1/SC2/WG2 N3427 L2/08-132 2008-04-08 Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set International Organization for Standardization Organisation Internationale de Normalisation Международная организация по стандартизации Doc Type: Working Group Document Title: Proposal to encode 39 Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics in the UCS Source: Michael Everson and Chris Harvey Status: Individual Contribution Action: For consideration by JTC1/SC2/WG2 and UTC Date: 2008-04-08 1. Summary. This document requests 39 additional characters to be added to the UCS and contains the proposal summary form. 1. Syllabics hyphen (U+1400). Many Aboriginal Canadian languages use the character U+1428 CANADIAN SYLLABICS FINAL SHORT HORIZONTAL STROKE, which looks like the Latin script hyphen. Algonquian languages like western dialects of Cree, Oji-Cree, western and northern dialects of Ojibway employ this character to represent /tʃ/, /c/, or /j/, as in Plains Cree ᐊᓄᐦᐨ /anohc/ ‘today’. In Athabaskan languages, like Chipewyan, the sound is /d/ or an alveolar onset, as in Sayisi Dene ᐨᕦᐣᐨᕤ /t’ąt’ú/ ‘how’. To avoid ambiguity between this character and a line-breaking hyphen, a SYLLABICS HYPHEN was developed which resembles an equals sign. Depending on the typeface, the width of the syllabics hyphen can range from a short ᐀ to a much longer ᐀. This hyphen is line-breaking punctuation, and should not be confused with the Blackfoot syllable internal-w final proposed for U+167F. See Figures 1 and 2. 2. DHW- additions for Woods Cree (U+1677..U+167D). ᙷᙸᙹᙺᙻᙼᙽ/ðwē/ /ðwi/ /ðwī/ /ðwo/ /ðwō/ /ðwa/ /ðwā/. The basic syllable structure in Cree is (C)(w)V(C)(C).
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary Descriptions and Definitions of Some of the Concepts, Characters
    Glossary Descriptions and definitions of some of the concepts, characters, places, nations and peoples mentioned on this site. A useful lexicon. CONCEPTS Dominion Land Surveyor Dominion Land Surveyors were sent out to western Canada by the federal government to divide Crown lands into square sections (cadastres) for agricultural and other purposes. Métis, métis Métis, with a capital M, means a member of the Métis nation, a person of mixed Indigenous (primarily Anishinaabe and Cree) and European (primarily French and Scottish) descent. Section 35 of the Constitution Act , 1982, recognized the Métis as Aboriginal people. The Métis constitute a nation not just legally, but socially: over time they have established a national consciousness, a distinctive identity, and their own culture and values. A person can self-identify as métis, a more generic term for a person of mixed heritage. This is an individual identity rather than an expression of membership in a distinctive culture with specific rights. Michif or mechif or mitchif Linguists classify Michif as a mixed language rather than a creole language, though there is some disagreement about this categorization. Michif emerged in the early 19 th century from the increasing contact between (French) Canadian fur traders and the Indigenous inhabitants of the Prairies, particularly the Cree. Michif typically consists of French nouns, numerals, articles and adjectives, combined with Cree syntax and verb structures. Michif was also influenced by Assiniboine and Nishnaabemwin, an eastern Ojibwa dialect. It was spoken by the Métis of western Canada and North Dakota. Like many languages around the world, Michif is slowly disappearing: currently, there are fewer than 1,000 Michif speakers in Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Continuing to Support the Development of Healthy Self-Sufficient Communities
    CONTINUING TO SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTHY SELF-SUFFICIENT COMMUNITIES Table of Contents BATC CDC Strategic Plan Page 3—4 Background Page 5 Message from the Chairman Page 6 Members of the Board & Staff Page 7-8 Grant Distribution Summary Page 9-14 Photo Collection Page 15—16 Auditor’s Report Page 17—23 Management Discussion and Analysis Page 24—26 Front Cover Photo Credit: Lance Whitecalf 2 BATC CDC Strategic Plan The BATC Community Development Corporation’s Strategic Planning sessions for 2010—2011 were held commencing September, 2009 with final draft approved on March 15, 2010. CORE VALUES Good governance practice Communication Improve quality of life Respect for culture Sharing VISION Through support of catchment area projects, the BATC CDC will provide grants for the development of healthy self-sufficient communities. Tagline – Continuing to support the development of healthy self-sufficient communities. MISSION BATC CDC distributes a portion of casino proceeds to communities in compliance with the Gaming Framework Agreement and core values. 3 BATC CDC Strategic Plan—continued Goals and Objectives CORE OBJECTIVE GOAL TIMELINE MEASUREMENT VALUE Good Govern- Having good policies Review once yearly May 31/10 Resolution receiving report and ance Practice Effective management team Evaluation Mar 31/11 update as necessary Having effective Board Audit July 31/11 Management regular reporting to Board Accountability/Transparency Auditor’s Management letter Compliant with Gaming Agreement Meet FNMR reporting timelines Communication Create
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Band Revenue Moneys Order Décret Sur Les Revenus Des Bandes D’Indiens
    CANADA CONSOLIDATION CODIFICATION Indian Band Revenue Moneys Décret sur les revenus des Order bandes d’Indiens SOR/90-297 DORS/90-297 Current to October 11, 2016 À jour au 11 octobre 2016 Last amended on December 14, 2012 Dernière modification le 14 décembre 2012 Published by the Minister of Justice at the following address: Publié par le ministre de la Justice à l’adresse suivante : http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca http://lois-laws.justice.gc.ca OFFICIAL STATUS CARACTÈRE OFFICIEL OF CONSOLIDATIONS DES CODIFICATIONS Subsections 31(1) and (3) of the Legislation Revision and Les paragraphes 31(1) et (3) de la Loi sur la révision et la Consolidation Act, in force on June 1, 2009, provide as codification des textes législatifs, en vigueur le 1er juin follows: 2009, prévoient ce qui suit : Published consolidation is evidence Codifications comme élément de preuve 31 (1) Every copy of a consolidated statute or consolidated 31 (1) Tout exemplaire d'une loi codifiée ou d'un règlement regulation published by the Minister under this Act in either codifié, publié par le ministre en vertu de la présente loi sur print or electronic form is evidence of that statute or regula- support papier ou sur support électronique, fait foi de cette tion and of its contents and every copy purporting to be pub- loi ou de ce règlement et de son contenu. Tout exemplaire lished by the Minister is deemed to be so published, unless donné comme publié par le ministre est réputé avoir été ainsi the contrary is shown. publié, sauf preuve contraire.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Quality Report
    Central Assiniboine Watershed Integrated Watershed Management Plan - Water Quality Report October 2010 Central Assiniboine Watershed – Water Quality Report Water Quality Investigations and Routine Monitoring: This report provides an overview of the studies and routine monitoring which have been undertaken by Manitoba Water Stewardship’s Water Quality Management Section within the Central Assiniboine watershed. There are six long term water quality monitoring stations (1965 – 2009) within the Central Assiniboine Watershed. These include the Assiniboine, Souris and Cypress Rivers. There are also ten stations not part of the long term water quality monitoring program in which some data are available for alternate locations on the Assiniboine, Souris, and Little Saskatchewan Rivers. The Central Assiniboine River watershed area is characterized primarily by agricultural crop land, industry, urban and rural centres. All these land uses have the potential to negatively impact water quality, if not managed appropriately. Cropland can present water quality concerns in terms of fertilizer and pesticide runoff entering surface water. There are a number of large industrial operations in the Central Assiniboine Watershed, these present water quality concerns in terms of wastewater effluent and industrial runoff. Large centers and rural municipalities present water quality concerns in terms of wastewater treatment and effluent. The tributary of most concern in the Central Assiniboine watershed is the Assiniboine River, as it is the largest river in the watershed. The area surrounding the Assiniboine River is primarily agricultural production yielding a high potential for nutrient and bacteria loading. The Assiniboine River serves as the main drinking water source for many residents in this watershed. In addition, the Assiniboine River drains into Lake Winnipeg, and as such has been listed as a vulnerable water body in the Nutrient Management Regulation under the Water Protection Act.
    [Show full text]
  • Ring Games Stage 1 Desired Results Established Goals Health Enhancement Standard 7, Benchmark 4.3: Experience Enjoyment Through Physical Activity
    Model Lesson Plan Health Enhancement Traditional Games Grade 3 Ring Games Stage 1 Desired Results Established Goals Health Enhancement Standard 7, Benchmark 4.3: Experience enjoyment through physical activity. Essential Understandings 3: The ideologies of Native traditional beliefs and spirituality persist into modern day life as tribal cultures, traditions, and languages are still practiced by many American Indian people and are incorporated into how tribes govern and manage their affairs. Additionally, each tribe has its own oral history beginning with their origins which are as valid as written histories. These histories pre-date the “discovery” of North America. Understandings Essential Questions 1. There were similar Indian games with 1. What is the main idea of games of “ring and different values for the outcomes of the pin”? games. 2. How can the skill of “ring and pin” be used in the modern world? Students will be able to… Students will know… 1. Move through four stations of manual 1. Four examples of “ring and pin” games. dexterity (eye-hand coordination) and learn (Assiniboine, Sioux, Northern Cheyenne, concepts of tribal values and origination. and Zuni) 2. The values associated with playing “ring and pin” games. Stage 2 Assessment Evidence Performance Tasks 1. The student will practice each of the four games, rotating through stations. 2. The student will be able to explain the differences in rules. 3. The student will be able to tell what values “winning” meant in the historical playing of the games. Page 1 of 4 12/29/2008 Health Enhancement Traditional Games Grade 3 Ring Games (continued) Stage 3 Learning Plan Teaching Area (indoors or outdoors or in a gym) 50’ x 50’ for 24 students in pairs, six per station.
    [Show full text]