Power Technologies Energy Data Book Third Edition
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Energy Technology Perspectives 2020
Energy Technology Perspectives 2020 A path for the decarbonisation of the buildings sector 14 December 2020 Page 1 Opening remarks Timur Gül Head, Energy Technology Policy Division, International Energy Agency (IEA) The IEA buildings technology work across four main deliverables Energy Technology Tracking clean energy Special Report on Clean Technology guide progress Perspectives Innovation Tracking Clean Energy Progress Assessing critical energy technologies for global clean energy transitions The IEA is unfolding a series of resources setting an ambitious pathway to reach the Paris Agreement and other Sustainable Development goals. Opening remarks Roland Hunziker Director, Sustainable Buildings and Cities, World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Energy Technology Perspectives 2020 presentation Thibaut ABERGEL Chiara DELMASTRO Co-leads, Buildings Energy Technology, Energy Technology Policy Division, International Energy Agency (IEA) Commitment to net-zero emissions is globalising Share of energy-related CO2 emissions covered by national and supra-national public net-zero emissions targets as of 01st SeptemberDecember 20202020 Carbon or climate 100% 10 neutrality target 80% 8 No target 2 60% 6 Under discussion GtCO 40% 4 In policy document 20% 2 Proposed legislation 0% 0 In law Total emissions (right axis) Countries responsible for around 60% of global energy-related CO2 emissions have formulated net-zero emissions ambitions in laws, legislation, policy documents or official discussions. Source: IEA (2020),| Credit Energyphoto -
Fuel Cells and Environmental, Energy, and Other Clean Energy Technologies…
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy U.S. Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Program Nancy L. Garland, Ph.D. Technology Development Manager Fuel Cell Technologies Program Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy United States Department of Energy Washington, D.C. 18th WWorldo rld Hydrogen EnergyEnergy Conference 2010 Essen, Germany May 17, 2010 Advancing Presidential Priorities Energy efficiency and renewable energy research , development , and deployment activities help the U.S. meet its economic, energy security, and environmental challenges concurrently. Energy Security Economic • Deploy the cheapest, cleanest, • Create green jobs through fastest energy source – energy Recovery Act energy projects efficiency • Double renewable energy • One million plug-in hybrid cars generation by 2012 on the road by 2015 Presidential Priorities • Weatherize one million homes • Develop the next generation of annually sustainable biofuels and infrastructure • Increase fuel economy standards Environmental • Implement an economy-wide cap-and-trade program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80 percent by 2050 • Make the US a leader on climate change • Establish a national low carbon fuel standard U.S. DOE President’s National Objectives for DOE— Energy to Secure America’s Future • Quickly Implement the Economic Recovery Package: Create Millions of New Green Jobs and Lay the Foundation for the Future • Restore Science Leadership: Strengthen America ’s Role as the World Leader in Science and Technology • Reduce GHG Emissions: Drive emissions 20 Percent below 1990 levels by 2020 • Enhance Energy Security: Save More Oil than the U.S currently imports from the Middle East and Venezuela combined within 10 years • Enhance Nuclear Security: Strengthen non-proliferation activities, reduce global stockpiles of nuclear weapons, and maintain safety and reliability of the US stockpile First Principle: Pursue material and cost-effective measures with a sense of urgency From: Secretary Chu’s presentation on DOE Goal’s and Targets, 5/5/09 U.S. -
Application of Solar Energy for Lighting in Opencast Mines
Application of Solar Energy for Lighting in Opencast Mines A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Technology In Mining Engineering By Abhishek Kumar Tripathi (Roll No. 212MN1424) DEPARTMENT OF MINING ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA -769 008, INDIA MAY 2014 Application of Solar Energy for Lighting in Opencast Mines A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Technology In Mining Engineering By Abhishek Kumar Tripathi (Roll No. 212MN1424) Under the guidance of Dr. H. B. Sahu Associate Professor DEPARTMENT OF MINING ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA -769 008, INDIA MAY 2014 National Institute of Technology Rourkela CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled “Application of Solar Energy for Lighting in Opencast Mines” submitted by Sri Abhishek Kumar Tripathi (Roll No. 212MN1424) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Master of Technology degree in Mining Engineering at the National Institute of Technology, Rourkela is an authentic work carried out by him under my supervision and guidance. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in this thesis has not formed the basis for the award of any Degree or Diploma or similar title of any University or Institution. Date: Dr. H. B. Sahu Associate Professor Department of Mining Engineering NIT, Rourkela-769008 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I take the opportunity to express my reverence to my supervisor Prof. H. B. Sahu for his guidance, constructive criticism and valuable suggestions during the course of this work. I find words inadequate to thank him for his encouragement and effort in improving my understanding of this project. -
Introduction 1
1 1 Introduction . ex arte calcinati, et illuminato aeri [ . properly calcinated, and illuminated seu solis radiis, seu fl ammae either by sunlight or fl ames, they conceive fulgoribus expositi, lucem inde sine light from themselves without heat; . ] calore concipiunt in sese; . Licetus, 1640 (about the Bologna stone) 1.1 What Is Luminescence? The word luminescence, which comes from the Latin (lumen = light) was fi rst introduced as luminescenz by the physicist and science historian Eilhardt Wiede- mann in 1888, to describe “ all those phenomena of light which are not solely conditioned by the rise in temperature,” as opposed to incandescence. Lumines- cence is often considered as cold light whereas incandescence is hot light. Luminescence is more precisely defi ned as follows: spontaneous emission of radia- tion from an electronically excited species or from a vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment. 1) The various types of lumines- cence are classifi ed according to the mode of excitation (see Table 1.1 ). Luminescent compounds can be of very different kinds: • Organic compounds : aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, anthracene, phenan- threne, pyrene, perylene, porphyrins, phtalocyanins, etc.) and derivatives, dyes (fl uorescein, rhodamines, coumarins, oxazines), polyenes, diphenylpolyenes, some amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine), etc. + 3 + 3 + • Inorganic compounds : uranyl ion (UO 2 ), lanthanide ions (e.g., Eu , Tb ), doped glasses (e.g., with Nd, Mn, Ce, Sn, Cu, Ag), crystals (ZnS, CdS, ZnSe, CdSe, 3 + GaS, GaP, Al 2 O3 /Cr (ruby)), semiconductor nanocrystals (e.g., CdSe), metal clusters, carbon nanotubes and some fullerenes, etc. 1) Braslavsky , S. et al . ( 2007 ) Glossary of terms used in photochemistry , Pure Appl. -
Drivers of Innovation in Energy and Fuel Cell Technology: Supply-Demand and R&D
Drivers of Innovation in Energy and Fuel Cell Technology: Supply-Demand and R&D Madeline Woodruff IEA and Yukiko Fukasaku OECD 1 Overview Q Drivers of energy technology innovation – Sustained increase in demand – Diversification of sources of fossil fuel supply due to growing security and economic concerns – Fuel switching and development of new fuels due to efficiency and environmental concerns – De-regulation and increasing competition Q Increasing importance of R&D and technological innovation Q How the energy innovation system works Q Focus on fuel cells 2 Part I Supply, Demand, and Investment Trends Role of Fuel Cells in the Energy System 3 4 Today’s Energy Reference Word Primary Energy Demand Challenges 6,000 WEO 2002 Oil Q Energy security to fuel economic 5,000 growth and mobility Gas 4,000 and Coal 3,000 curbing environmental and climate Nuclear damage from energy use 2,000 Hydro 1,000 Other – “business as usual” energy renewables demand is rising inexorably 0 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 – greenhouse gas emissions also – stronger policies stabilize OECD emissions only after 2020. Reference Energy-Related CO2 Emissions WEO 2002 Q Access to modern energy for all – 1.6 billion people have no access 45000 to electricity, 80% of them in 40000 World South Asia and sub-Saharan 35000 30000 OECD Africa 25000 Transition 20000 Q Lower costs in deregulated Economies 15000 markets; infrastructure stresses Developing 10000 Million Tonnes CO2 Tonnes Million Countries 5000 0 1971 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 5 Renewables Growing Fast, but From -
Wind Energy Technology Data Update: 2020 Edition
Wind Energy Technology Data Update: 2020 Edition Ryan Wiser1, Mark Bolinger1, Ben Hoen, Dev Millstein, Joe Rand, Galen Barbose, Naïm Darghouth, Will Gorman, Seongeun Jeong, Andrew Mills, Ben Paulos Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Corresponding authors August 2020 This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Wind Energy Technologies Office, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. Photo source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory ENERGY T ECHNOLOGIES AREA ENERGY ANALYSISAND ENVIRONMENTAL I MPACTS DIVISION ELECTRICITY M ARKETS & POLICY Disclaimer This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. -
Energy Technology Innovation Leadership in the 21St Century
ENERGY TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION LEADERSHIP IN THE 21ST CENTURY Hal Harvey, Jeffrey Rissman, and Sonia Aggarwal Technicians work on a 3-megawatt Alstom wind turbine and a 1.5-megawatt GE wind turbine at the National Wind Technology Center, the nation's premier wind energy technology research facility. www.energyinnovation.org EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A rich array of new energy options is a critical foundation for enduring prosperity, energy security, and the protection of the environment and public health. Smart policy can fill the pipeline with many energy technology options, bring the best of these options to market, and unleash the full power of the private sector in driving down their prices. Energy is profoundly a technology business, so it pays to understand which policies work best at stimulating energy technology innovation. This paper unpacks innovation—from risky science, with only distant potential for application, to the intense work of commercialization, wherein companies drive down costs, increase performance, and learn to deliver reliable products. To understand the set of needed policies, this paper divides innovation into three stages: research, engineering, and commercialization. It then examines which tools and practices work best for each stage. Research is by definition a risky business, and some projects will inevitably fail. However, well- managed research can deliver a far higher fraction of success than a piecemeal approach. For the research stage, four principals rise to the top: 1. Concentrate resources in innovation hubs; 2. Use peer review to select promising research domains that support explicit policy goals; 3. Ensure that policies intended to incentivize R&D are stable and predictable over the long time horizons (~10 years) necessary for R&D investment and technology development; 4. -
Modeling Regulation of Economic Sustainability in Energy Systems with Diversified Resources
Article Modeling Regulation of Economic Sustainability in Energy Systems with Diversified Resources Anatoly Alabugin and Sergei Aliukov * Higher School of Economics and Management, South Ural State University, Prospekt Lenina, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The imperfection of theoretical and methodological approaches to regulate the jump process transition when combining differentiated energy resources is a pressing issue. The goal of this paper is to develop a theory and a method to regulate the integration-balancing processes of combining diversified resources. The concept of combining integration and balancing models has been substantiated by methods of transforming multidimensional space and approximating generalized functions that represent jump-like processes. Theoretical and operational-regulatory models of economic sustainability have been developed, substantiating new concepts, patterns, prop- erties, dependencies and indicators of the dynamics of the processes of combination; the optimality conditions for the number of approximations of generalized functions, interpreting the effects of control functions of combining resources, are thus determined. New methods for solving problems have been developed: the organization of the energy technology complex of facilities for enhanced resource diversification and the Sustainable Development Center, improving the quality of managing dynamic processes in terms of combining and diversifying resources. Emphasis is placed on four -
Innovation Insights Brief | 2020
FIVE STEPS TO ENERGY STORAGE Innovation Insights Brief | 2020 In collaboration with the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) ABOUT THE WORLD ENERGY COUNCIL ABOUT THIS INSIGHTS BRIEF The World Energy Council is the principal impartial This Innovation Insights brief on energy storage is part network of energy leaders and practitioners promoting of a series of publications by the World Energy Council an affordable, stable and environmentally sensitive focused on Innovation. In a fast-paced era of disruptive energy system for the greatest benefit of all. changes, this brief aims at facilitating strategic sharing of knowledge between the Council’s members and the Formed in 1923, the Council is the premiere global other energy stakeholders and policy shapers. energy body, representing the entire energy spectrum, with over 3,000 member organisations in over 90 countries, drawn from governments, private and state corporations, academia, NGOs and energy stakeholders. We inform global, regional and national energy strategies by hosting high-level events including the World Energy Congress and publishing authoritative studies, and work through our extensive member network to facilitate the world’s energy policy dialogue. Further details at www.worldenergy.org and @WECouncil Published by the World Energy Council 2020 Copyright © 2020 World Energy Council. All rights reserved. All or part of this publication may be used or reproduced as long as the following citation is included on each copy or transmission: ‘Used by permission of the World -
Annex 45 Guidebook on Energy Efficient Electric Lighting for Buildings
ANNEX 45 GUIDEBOOK ON ENERGY EFFICIENT ELECTRIC LIGHTING FOR BUILDINGS Espoo 2010 Edited by Liisa Halonen, Eino Tetri & Pramod Bhusal AaltoUniversity SchoolofScienceandTechnology DepartmentofElectronics LightingUnit Espoo2010 GUIDEBOOKONENERGYEFFICIENT ELECTRICLIGHTINGFORBUILDINGS 1 GuidebookonEnergyEfficientElectricLightingforBuildings IEA-InternationalEnergyAgency ECBCS-EnergyConservationinBuildingsandCommunitySystems Annex45-EnergyEfficientElectricLightingforBuildings Distribution: AaltoUniversity SchoolofScienceandTechnology DepartmentofElectronics LightingUnit P.O.Box13340 FIN-00076Aalto Finland Tel:+358947024971 Fax:+358947024982 E-mail:[email protected] http://ele.tkk.fi/en http://lightinglab.fi/IEAAnnex45 http://www.ecbcs.org AaltoUniversitySchoolofScienceandTechnology ISBN978-952-60-3229-0(pdf) ISSN1455-7541 2 ABSTRACT Abstract Lightingisalargeandrapidlygrowingsourceofenergydemandandgreenhousegasemissions.At thesametimethesavingspotentialoflightingenergyishigh,evenwiththecurrenttechnology,and therearenewenergyefficientlightingtechnologiescomingontothemarket.Currently,morethan 33billionlampsoperateworldwide,consumingmorethan2650TWhofenergyannually,whichis 19%oftheglobalelectricityconsumption. The goal of IEA ECBCS Annex 45 was to identify and to accelerate the widespread use of appropriate energy efficient high-quality lighting technologies and their integration with other buildingsystems,makingthemthepreferredchoiceoflightingdesigners,ownersandusers.The aimwastoassessanddocumentthetechnicalperformanceoftheexistingpromising,butlargely -
Letting the Sun Shine in by Jeff Muhs
The secondary mirror and fibre receiver of the hybrid solar lighting collector system. At left is ORNL’s Alex Fischer, director of technology transfer & economic development, and Jeff Muhs (plus his reflection in mirror at right), director of solar energy R&D. Letting The Sun Shine In By Jeff Muhs n emerging technology called hybrid solar lighting is turning them up as clouds move in or the sun sets. As a causing experts to rethink how best to use solar result, HSL is close to an order of magnitude more efficient Aenergy in commercial buildings where lights than the most affordable solar cells today and has many consume a third of the electricity. advantages over conventional daylighting approaches. Imagine a day when newswires report a low-cost solar technology achieving efficiencies an order of magnitude bet- Solar Options For Illuminating Commercial Buildings ter than the most cost-effective solar cells available today. Until just over a hundred years ago, the sun provided light Although it may sound like a distant fantasy, a recent for illuminating the inside of buildings during the day. Even- research effort led by the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge tually, the cost, convenience, and performance of electric National Laboratory (ORNL) is quickly proving otherwise. lights improved until sunlight was no longer needed. Electric Rather than converting sunlight into electricity, paying the lights revolutionized the way we designed buildings, making price of photovoltaic (PV) inefficiency, Hybrid Solar Light- them minimally dependent on natural daylight. Couple this ing (HSL) uses sunlight directly. Roof-mounted collectors with an ever-growing number of people working indoors, and concentrate sunlight into optical fibres that carry it inside it’s easy to understand why electric lighting now represents buildings to “hybrid” light fixtures that also contain electric the single largest consumer of electricity in commercial build- lamps (see Figure 1). -
Solar Energy Perspectives
Solar Energy TECHNOLOGIES Perspectives Please note that this PDF is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/about/copyright.asp Renewable Energy Renewable Solar Energy Renewable Energy Perspectives In 90 minutes, enough sunlight strikes the earth to provide the entire planet's energy needs for one year. While solar energy is abundant, it represents a tiny Technologies fraction of the world’s current energy mix. But this is changing rapidly and is being driven by global action to improve energy access and supply security, and to mitigate climate change. Technologies Solar Around the world, countries and companies are investing in solar generation capacity on an unprecedented scale, and, as a consequence, costs continue to fall and technologies improve. This publication gives an authoritative view of these technologies and market trends, in both advanced and developing Energy economies, while providing examples of the best and most advanced practices. It also provides a unique guide for policy makers, industry representatives and concerned stakeholders on how best to use, combine and successfully promote the major categories of solar energy: solar heating and cooling, photovoltaic Technologies Solar Energy Perspectives Solar Energy Perspectives and solar thermal electricity, as well as solar fuels. Finally, in analysing the likely evolution of electricity and energy-consuming sectors – buildings, industry and transport – it explores the leading role solar energy could play in the long-term future of our energy system. Renewable Energy (61 2011 25 1P1) 978-92-64-12457-8 €100 -:HSTCQE=VWYZ\]: Renewable Energy Renewable Renewable Energy Technologies Energy Perspectives Solar Renewable Energy Renewable 2011 OECD/IEA, © INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974.