DOCSLIB.ORG

GLA Renewable and Decentralised Energy Potential Study

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
GLA Renewable and Decentralised Energy Potential Study London’s Zero Carbon Energy Resource: Secondary Heat Report Phase 2 April 2013 Secondary Heat study Phase 2: Network and System impacts Copyright Greater London Authority April 2013 Greater London Authority City Hall The Queen’s Walk More London London SE1 2AA www.london.gov.uk enquiries 020 7983 4100 minicom 020 7983 4458 This report has been led by Buro Happold Ltd, working in collaboration with the Greater London Authority and supported by DEC Engineering, Canada, and COWI, Denmark. Team Advisory Panel The Greater London Authority London First David Leam Peter North UK Power Networks Liam O’Sullivan Ross Hudson Environment Agency Marius Greaves Buro Happold Ltd Mick Flynn Alasdair Young Transport for London Mark Gilbey Henrietta Cooke Crossrail Mike de Silva Chris Grainger Thames Water Graeme Walker DEC Engineering Ltd, Canada Land Securities Neil Pennell Erik Lindquist Institute for Sustainability Martin Gibbons COWI, Denmark Poul Weiss Industry Representatives J&E Hall International John Shennan Star Refrigeration David Pearson Greater London Authority Secondary Heat study Phase 2: Network and System impacts Revision Description Issued by Date Checked 00 Draft for comment AY 08/03/13 GS 01 Final HC 04/04/13 AY 02 Final review CG 18/07/13 AY report collation Chris Grainger signature date 18/07/13 report checking Henrietta Cooke signature date 18/07/13 report approval Alasdair Young signature date 18/07/13 GLA approval Ross Hudson signature date Greater London Authority Secondary Heat study Phase 2: Network and System impacts Executive summary The Greater London Authority (GLA) has commissioned a study into the capacity and utilisation of secondary heat sources in London. For the purposes of this study, secondary heat is considered to be heat arising as a by-product of industrial and commercial activities, from infrastructure operation, and from the environment (air, ground, water). This study builds on the Mayor’s Decentralised Energy Capacity Study (2011) 1 which suggests that by 2030 22% of London’s heat and electrical energy could be generated by decentralised energy sources linked to heat networks. Sources of this heat are likely to be combustion of primary fuels including gas, biomass and waste. With the likely reduction in availability and viability of gas, and possibly waste, there will be an increasing emphasis on alternative sources, of which secondary heat is one. Further to this as gas fired combined heat and power ceases to be a low carbon option from around 2030 zero carbon heat sources are required to ensure heat networks do not become stranded assets. In the first phase of this study the London wide potential for secondary heat sources was addressed. The objectives of this report are to provide an understanding of the impacts on buildings and heat networks of utilising these secondary sources of heat via low temperature heat networks. This report also addresses the cost and environmental benefits of each heat source and explores emerging spatial and project opportunities for using secondary heat. 1 GLA (2011) Decentralised Energy Capacity Study: http://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/environment/climate-change/decentralised- energy Greater London Authority i Secondary Heat study Phase 2: Network and System impacts Key Findings 1 Most secondary heat sources need upgrading to higher temperatures to be useable in heat networks, this requires heat pumps. 2 The minimum suitable operating temperature for heat networks is 55°C 3 From the Phase 1 study, secondary heat sources in London can provide up to 71TWh/yr of heat at 70°C, of which 50 TWh/yr is attributed directly to the heat sources and 21TWh/yr to the electricity required by heat pumps. This quantity of heat exceeds London’s 2010 heat demand of 66TWh/yr. 4 When compared to more conventional centralised gas boiler heating, 12 TWh/yr of secondary heat across London can be considered ‘cost effective’. This is equivalent to 18% of London’s 2010 heat demand. 5 When compared to more conventional centralised gas boiler heating, 56 TWh/yr of secondary heat can be considered ‘CO 2 effective’. This is equivalent to 56% of London’s 2010 heat demand. 6 A pilot study are in Barking and the Royal Docks suggests that secondary heat sources which are of a lower cost and carbon intensity than gas boilers (under a 2010 scenario) can demonstrate a 73% saving in the energy required for heating in this area, and a 48% saving in associated CO 2 emissions. Greater London Authority ii Secondary Heat study Phase 2: Network and System impacts Summary Carbon Intensity For most secondary heat sources it is necessary to upgrade the temperature of available heat to be usable directly within district heating systems – this requires the use of heat pumps. The carbon intensity of secondary heat is therefore directly related to the carbon intensity of the electricity supply driving the heat pumps in these cases. Section 2 explores the cost and carbon intensity of heat from secondary sources. The efficiency of heat pumps (modelled as co-efficient of performance) is heavily dependent on the input (‘available’) and output (‘delivered’) temperatures. Heat pump efficiency increases by around 80% when input temperatures increase from 5CC to 35CC. The operating temperature of heat networks is also very important. For example heat pumps supplying heat at 55CC are around 25% more efficient than heat pumps supplying heat at 70CC. Future projections of carbon factors consider the decarbonisation of the electricity grid network and as such, heat pumps connected to secondary sources can deliver heat at 70°C and still offer significant carbon savings. For 2030 and 2050 scenarios the heat carbon intensity of heat pumps is below 0.05tCO 2/MWh, four times less than the equivalent heat from large gas boilers and in for most sources it is much lower than this. The carbon intensity is lower than individual air source heat pumps in all cases. Cost Approximately one third of the secondary heat sources explored in this study have a lower levelised cost than that of the counterfactual gas boiler case at current prices. Viable sources include heat recovery from supermarkets, power stations, national grid substations and data centres. 12 TWh/yr of secondary heat can be considered ‘cost effective’ under a 2010 BAU scenario; this is equivalent to 18% of London’s 2010 heat demand. Sources more expensive than the counterfactual case are dominated by the environmental sources such as air and river. As with carbon, the cost of heat from secondary heat sources is linked to the need to upgrade their temperature for effective use. Future costs associated with the use of these sources are highly dependent on electricity prices, but less so than individual heat pumps due to their higher efficiency. The opportunity to use heat pumps connected to heat networks also increases their utilisation (or run hours or load factor) which significantly reduces the cost of heat. In the short term secondary heat system projects should focus on recovering heat at the highest possible temperatures, including heat from industry and existing gas engine generators. These sources also provide the lowest cost of heat and can often be used directly. All cost calculations assume that no financial incentives are available and that networks are pre- existing at the time of construction (and so not costed) as it was considered unlikely that secondary sources could support the investment costs of heat networks. This strategy has been taken to reduce the number of estimated variables, to provide baseline recommendations only. Effects of financial incentives and network costs have been discussed qualitatively. Electricity and gas price projections are based on DECC scenarios; these are discussed in more detail in the Phase 1 report. Greater London Authority iii Secondary Heat study Phase 2: Network and System impacts Building connections and performance Decreasing heat network temperatures increases heat pump efficiency. The minimum suggested network operating temperature is 55°C. To maximise the amount of London’s current building stock that can connect to secondary heat networks, a compromise of 70°C has been used for modelling purposes. A number of generic building types were modelled (see Section 3) to explore the implications of connecting to lower temperature networks. For the buildings modelled, a flow temperature of 55°C was judged the lowest practical temperature for connecting to heat networks without replacing their internal heating systems. Below this temperature the fraction of heating load which can be met reduces significantly, as well as introducing concerns regarding legionella disinfection. A flow temperature of 55 °C could be used to supply at least 70% of the annual existing building heat consumption in residential buildings and more in non-residential buildings. This represents around half the peak heat load, for which either supplementary heat sources would be required, or network temperatures boosted, to supply around 85 °C for short periods. In most cases improvements in energy efficiency, equivalent to an increase in one Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) band, could enable almost 100% of heating demand to be met from flow temperatures of 55°C or above. Practical applications decrease significantly below 55°C - heat supply temperatures of 40°C can only supply a minority of annual heat demand, even with extensive retrofit; they cannot supply domestic hot water. Only electrical transformer and industrial sources are considered available at or above 55 CC meaning heat pumps are required for all other sources. System design Using secondary heat sources requires the use of low temperature heat networks to maximise carbon savings and minimise the cost of heat. The focus of system design should be on ensuring low return temperatures to the district network. This is key to enabling the use of low temperature secondary heat and building heating systems must be designed to comply with best practice guidelines to ensure this.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Decentralized Energy Master Planning
    Decentralized Energy Master Planning The London Borough of Brent An Interactive Qualifying Project Report submitted to the Faculty of WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science Submitted by Anthony Aldi Karen Anundson Andrew Bigelow Andrew Capulli Sponsoring Agency London Borough of Brent Planning Service Advisors Dominic Golding Ruth Smith Liaison Joyce Ip 29 April 2010 This report represents the work of four WPI undergraduate students submitted to the faculty as evidence of completion of a degree requirement. WPI routinely publishes these reports on its web site without editorial or peer review. Abstract The London Borough of Brent aims to reduce its carbon emissions via implementation of decentralized energy schemes including combined heat and power systems. The objective of this project was to aid Brent in the early stages of its decentralized energy master planning. By examining policies of other boroughs and studying major development areas within Brent, the WPI project team has concluded that the council must actively facilitate the development of decentralized energy systems through the use of existing practices and development of well supported policies. i Authorship Page This report was developed through a collaborative effort by the project team: Anthony Aldi, Karen Anundson, Andrew Bigelow, and Andrew Capulli. All sections were developed as team with each member contributing equally. ii Acknowledgements The team would like to thank our advisors from Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Professor Dominic Golding and Professor Ruth Smith. The team would also like to thank the liaison Joyce Ip from the London Borough of Brent Planning Service and the entire Planning Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Modified UK National Implementation Measures for Phase III of the EU Emissions Trading System
    Modified UK National Implementation Measures for Phase III of the EU Emissions Trading System As submitted to the European Commission in April 2012 following the first stage of their scrutiny process This document has been issued by the Department of Energy and Climate Change, together with the Devolved Administrations for Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. April 2012 UK’s National Implementation Measures submission – April 2012 Modified UK National Implementation Measures for Phase III of the EU Emissions Trading System As submitted to the European Commission in April 2012 following the first stage of their scrutiny process On 12 December 2011, the UK submitted to the European Commission the UK’s National Implementation Measures (NIMs), containing the preliminary levels of free allocation of allowances to installations under Phase III of the EU Emissions Trading System (2013-2020), in accordance with Article 11 of the revised ETS Directive (2009/29/EC). In response to queries raised by the European Commission during the first stage of their assessment of the UK’s NIMs, the UK has made a small number of modifications to its NIMs. This includes the introduction of preliminary levels of free allocation for four additional installations and amendments to the preliminary free allocation levels of seven installations that were included in the original NIMs submission. The operators of the installations affected have been informed directly of these changes. The allocations are not final at this stage as the Commission’s NIMs scrutiny process is ongoing. Only when all installation-level allocations for an EU Member State have been approved will that Member State’s NIMs and the preliminary levels of allocation be accepted.
    [Show full text]
  • London Electricity Companies Had Already Supply Co
    printed LONDON AREA POWER SUPPLY A Survey of London’s Electric Lighting and Powerbe Stations By M.A.C. Horne to - not Copyright M.A.C. Horne © 2012 (V3.0) London’s Power Supplies LONDON AREA POWER SUPPLY Background to break up streets and to raise money for electric lighting schemes. Ignoring a small number of experimental schemes that did not Alternatively the Board of Trade could authorise private companies to provide supplies to which the public might subscribe, the first station implement schemes and benefit from wayleave rights. They could that made electricity publicly available was the plant at the Grosvenor either do this by means of 7-year licences, with the support of the Art Gallery in New Bond Street early in 1883. The initial plant was local authority, or by means of a provisional order which required no temporary, provided from a large wooden hut next door, though a local authority consent. In either case the local authority had the right supply was soon made available to local shopkeepers. Demand soon to purchase the company concerned after 21 years (or at 7-year precipitated the building of permanent plant that was complete by intervals thereafter) and to regulate maximum prices. There was no December 1884. The boiler house was on the south side of the power to supply beyond local authority areas or to interconnect intervening passage called Bloomfield Street and was connected with systems. It is importantprinted to note that the act did not prevent the generating plant in the Gallery’s basement by means of an creation of supply companies which could generate and distribute underground passage.
    [Show full text]
  • No. 208, Winter 2017 What Is the Future for Enfield Town? on 25Th September 2017, the Consultation Period Ended for the Draft Enfield Town Master Plan
    Enfield Society News No. 208, Winter 2017 What is the future for Enfield Town? On 25th September 2017, the consultation period ended for the draft Enfield Town Master Plan. The plan was summarised in the Autumn newsletter and is an advisory document designed to provide a framework for future developments. The Society’s Architecture and Planning Group gave careful consideration to the plan, holding a joint meeting with the Enfield Town Conservation Area Study Three adjacent empty shop units in Enfield Church Street Group and meeting the planning officers involved in the masterplan preparation. The idea of a bridge linking the Tesco should review how market places operate The Plan states that Enfield Town Centre site with the Town Centre is strongly in other towns. now needs to respond to a series of supported because this could be an We noted that the plan does not make challenges and opportunities in order to attractive landscaped feature. reference to any significant consultation successfully define its future. In general terms the lack of any proposals with the Palace Gardens and Palace for community use – schools, childcare, Exchange shopping centres. The number These include: health facilities, sheltered housing etc. – of empty units along Church Street ● A series of site development opportunities, is noted and regretted. If more residential continues to cause serious concern. Some which need a coordinated response to development is encouraged, supporting of these units need considerable control the form, quality and density of community infrastructure is essential. modernisation and yet landlords continue new development. The Society has reviewed the various to charge very high rents.
    [Show full text]
  • TEI Times May 2019
    THE ENERGY INDUSTRY May 2019 • Volume 12 • No 3 • Published monthly • ISSN 1757-7365 www.teitimes.com TIMES Sleepless nights? Getting closer Final Word Energy storage and digitalisation are Europe’s Clean Energy Package We live in a rebellious two areas that are keeping energy should bring markets closer together climate, says Junior Isles. executives awake at night. but some of its provisions need further Page 16 Page 13 clarification. Page 14 News In Brief Wind to become “truly global market” in five years National Plans The Global Wind Energy Council forecasts that 300 GW of new wind capacity will be added globally by 2024. Page 2 will not deliver Opportunity Zones offer tax breaks A tax break offered to investors in so-called ‘Opportunity Zones’ may provide extra capital for renewable energy developers in the USA renewables as other support mechanisms are phased out. Page 4 Coal still part of balanced energy mix target The Philippines still sees coal as an important part of its future energy mix, as developers continue to outline plans for future coal fired WindEurope’s Giles Dickson says none of the power plants. plans properly spell out policy measures Page 6 Ofgem addresses supplier The EU has concluded negotiations on its Clean Energy Package but recent research shows that rules A series of company collapses in the National Plans might not deliver the previously agreed 32 per cent renewables target. Junior Isles UK’s energy retail sector has forced Europe’s draft National Energy and this. But none of the Plans properly simplifying rules on planning and per- Another issue the Plans need to ad- the regulator to revise the rules for Climate Plans are insufficient to de- spell out the policy measures by which mitting, such as common sense re- dress is how to get more renewables new entrants.
    [Show full text]
  • Table A.1 - List of Combustion Plants to Be Included in the Transitional National Plan a B C D E F G H I J K L M
    Table A.1 - List of combustion plants to be included in the transitional national plan A B C D E F G H I J K L M Annual Quantity of S in number of indigenous solid operating fuels used which Conversion factor(s) Total rated hours Pollutant(s) (SO2, NOx, Average was introduced used in case the thermal (ANOH); dust) for which the plant annual waste into the waste gas flow rate input on (average 2001- concerned is NOT covered gas flow rate combustion plan was calculated from 31/12/2010 2010 if less by the transitional national Gas turbine (average 2001- (avergae 2001- the fuel input (per fuel Number Operating Company Plant name Location (Postcode) 1st permit Extension (MWth) than 1500) plan or engine Annual amount of fuel used (average 2001-2010) (TJ/year) 2010) (Nm³/y) 2010) (tpa) type) (Nm³/GJ) other solid liquid hard coal lignite biomass fuels fuels gaseous fuels Kemsley CHP – GT & WHRB Natural Gas: 1 E.ON UK Plc A/B ME10 2TD 23-mars-95 nr 348 nr SO2; Dust Turbine 0 0 0 0 0 7482 6299837158 nr Natural Gas: 842; Kemsley CHP – Package boilers Natural Gas: 2 E.ON UK Plc D-F 2 ME10 2TD 23-mars-95 nr 74 nr nr nr 0 0 0 0 0 81 22724094 nr Natural Gas: 279 Natural Gas: 3 E.ON UK Plc Killingholme GT 22 DN40 3LU 14-nov-91 nr 445 nr SO2; Dust Turbine 0 0 0 0 0 4724 3977321358 nr Natural Gas: 842; Natural Gas: 4 E.ON UK Plc Killingholme GT 21 DN40 3LU 14-nov-91 nr 445 nr SO2; Dust Turbine 0 0 0 0 0 4914 4137193588 nr Natural Gas: 842; Natural Gas: 5 E.ON UK Plc Killingholme GT 12 DN40 3LU 14-nov-91 nr 445 nr SO2; Dust Turbine 0 0 0 0 0 5128 4317570970
    [Show full text]
  • Powering Ahead Delivering Low Carbon Energy for London
    October 20091 Powering ahead Delivering low carbon energy for London October 2009 Powering ahead: delivering low carbon energy for London This propectus has been prepared with the help and expertise of those listed in the working group below. Working group Argent - Robert Evans, Andre Gibbs Arup - John Miles Buro Happold - Rod Macdonald, Alasdair Young Climate Change Capital - Ingrid Holmes Department of Energy and Climate Change - Andy Cormie, Rita Wadey Greater London Authority - Syed Ahmed, Peter Daw Land Securities - Neil Pennell London Councils - Faraz Baber London Development Agency - Peter North, Robert Tudway London First - Judith Salomon Norton Rose - Nicholas Pincott PWC - Jon Williams, Richard Gledhill Transport for London - Padmesh Shukla Greater London Authority October 2009 ISBN 978 1 84781 302 2 Published by Greater London Authority, City Hall, The Queen’s Walk, More London, London SE1 2AA www.london.gov.uk enquiries 020 7983 4100 minicom 020 7983 4458 Contents 5 Foreword 7 1 The opportunity - London, the place for decentralised energy 11 2 Commercial models 15 3 Why is decentralised energy happening now, what is changing in the market? 25 4 Funding 29 5 Next steps 31 6 Pipeline of potential projects 33 References 43 6 Foreword 7 The Copenhagen Summit in December 2009 Combined with demand side measures, focuses the world’s attention once again on investment in decentralised energy is key to climate change. London government and underpin London’s ‘Low Carbon Capital’ status business continue to work together to address and to support its emergence as a global hub for the challenge. Energy and carbon reduction green industry, knowledge and finance.
    [Show full text]
  • Notice of Variation and Consolidation with Introductory Note the Environmental Permitting (England & Wales) Regulations 2010
    Notice of variation and consolidation with introductory note The Environmental Permitting (England & Wales) Regulations 2010 Uniper UK Limited Enfield Power Station 111 Brancroft Way Brimsdown Enfield EN3 7PL Variation application number EPR/NP3833RC/V002 Permit number EPR/NP3833RC Enfield Power Station Variation and consolidation number EPR/NP3833RC/V001 1 Enfield Power Station Permit number EPR/NP3833RC Introductory note This introductory note does not form a part of the notice. Under the Environmental Permitting (England & Wales) Regulations 2010 (schedule 5, part 1, paragraph 19) a variation may comprise a consolidated permit reflecting the variations and a notice specifying the variations included in that consolidated permit. Schedule 1 of the notice specifies that all the conditions of the permit have been varied and schedule 2 comprises a consolidated permit which reflects the variations being made and contains all conditions relevant to this permit. The requirements of the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) 2010/75/EU are given force in England through the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010 (the EPR) (as amended). This Permit, for the operation of large combustion plant (LCP), as defined by articles 28 and 29 of the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED), is varied by the Environment Agency to implement the special provisions for LCP given in the IED, by the 1 January 2016 (Article 82(3)). The IED makes special provisions for LCP under Chapter III, introducing new Emission Limit Values (ELVs) applicable to LCP, referred to in Article 30(2) and set out in Annex V. As well as implementing Chapter III of IED, the consolidated variation notice takes into account and brings together in a single document all previous variations that relate to the original permit issued.
    [Show full text]
  • E.ON 2005 Annual Report on Form 20-F Entitled “Item 3
    E.ON Group Financial Highlights Financial Calendar in millions 2005 20041 +/– % 2005 Annual Report Electricity sales (in billion kWh)2 404.3 392.4 +3 Gas sales (in billion kWh)2 924.4 868.2 +6 Sales 56,399 46,742 +21 Adjusted EBITDA3 10,272 9,741 +5 Adjusted EBIT4 7,333 6,787 +8 Income/Loss (–) from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interests 7,208 6,355 +13 May 4, 2006 2006 Annual Shareholders Meeting Income/Loss (–) from continuing operations 4,379 4,027 +9 May 5, 2006 Dividend Payout Income from discontinued operations, net 3,035 312 – Net income 7,407 4,339 +71 May 10, 2006 Interim Report January – March 2006 Investments 4,337 5,109 –15 Cash provided by operating activities 6,601 5,840 +13 August 15, 2006 Interim Report January – June 2006 Free cash flow5 3,611 3,228 +12 November 8, 2006 Interim Report January – September 2006 Net financial position6 (at year end) 3,863 –5,483 – Stockholders’ equity 44,484 33,560 +33 Total assets 126,562 114,062 +11 March 7, 2007 Release of 2006 Annual Report ROCE7 (in %) 12.1 11.5 +0.68 Cost of capital (in %) 9.0 9.0 – May 3, 2007 2007 Annual Shareholders Meeting Value added7 1,872 1,477 +27 Return on equity after taxes9 (in %) 19.0 13.7 +5.38 May 4, 2007 Dividend Payout Employees (at year end) 79,947 60,156 +33 May 9, 2007 Interim Report January – March 2007 Earnings per share from continuing operations (in ) 6.64 6.13 +8 Earnings per share from discontinued operations (in ) 4.61 0.48 – August 15, 2007 Interim Report January – June 2007 Earnings per share from cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net (in ) –0.01 – – November 13, 2007 Interim Report January – September 2007 Earnings per share from net income (in ) 11.24 6.61 +70 Stockholders’ equity per share10 (in ) 67.50 50.93 +33 2005 Annual Report Dividend per share (in ) 2.75 2.35 +17 OneE.ON Special dividend per share (in ) 4.25 – – Dividend payout 4,61411 1,549 +198 Market capitalization12 ( in billions) 57.6 44.2 +30 1Adjusted for discontinued operations.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Lee Valley Decentralised Energy Network Pre-Feasibility Study
    Upper Lee Valley Decentralised Energy Network Pre-feasibility Study North London Strategic Alliance July 2011 ULV DEN Pre-feasibility Study PEL285594A Prepared for North London Strategic Alliance 6th Floor Alexandra House 10 Station Road London N22 7TR Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff 6 Devonshire Sq London EC2M 4YE 0207 337 1700 www.pbworld.co.uk Report Title : ULV DEN Pre-feasibility Study Report Status : Version 3 Job No : PEL285594A Date : July 2011 Prepared by : James Eland, Rupert Green Checked by : Bruce Geldard Approved by : Dominic Bowers Document History and Status Report Date of Prepared By: Checked By: Approved By: Issue Issue 3rd June 1 (draft) JDTE / RG BJG DWB 2011 8th July 2 (draft) JDTE / RG Uncontrolled Uncontrolled 2011 26th July 3 (final) JDTE / RG BJG DWB 2011 ULV DEN Pre-feasibility Study CONTENTS 1 Executive Summary 14 1.1 Aims and Opportunity 14 1.2 Benefits 14 1.3 Development 15 1.4 Results 15 1.5 Recommended Key Actions 17 2 Introduction 19 2.2 Framework Conditions 19 2.3 Methodology 20 3 Heat sources 21 3.2 Edmonton Incinerator and the North London Waste Authority 21 3.3 KEDCO – Biomass Gasifier 28 3.4 Enfield Power Station 30 3.5 Small-Scale Energy Generation Technologies 34 3.6 Technology progression over project timescales 35 3.7 Comparison of key heat sources 37 4 Heat demands 41 4.1 London Heat Map Database 41 4.2 Dealing with gaps in the data 44 5 Heat networks 45 5.1 Key technical decisions 45 5.2 Potential heat network changes over time 48 5.3 Network Constraints 49 5.4 The River Lea Navigation Towpath
    [Show full text]
  • UK Installations.Docx
    UK Installations: for submission into the main EU ETS System Installation ID Operator Name Installation Name DTI0200 Centrica Storage Limited Rough 47/3B DTI0300 EnQuest Heather Limited Kittiwake Alpha DTI0400 Apache North Sea Limited Forties Alpha DTI0600 Apache North Sea Limited Forties Charlie DTI0700 Apache North Sea Limited Forties Delta DTI1000 ConocoPhillips (UK) Britannia Limited Britannia DTI1001 Chrysaor Limited Lomond DTI1002 Chrysaor Limited Everest North DTI1004 Total E&P North Sea UK Limited Ailsa FSO DTI1005 Total E&P North Sea UK Limited Culzean DTI1006 Hurricane Energy PLC Aoka Mizu DTI1007 ONE-DYAS UK Limited Sean DTI1008 Serica Energy (UK) Limited Bruce DTI1009 EnQuest Heather Limited Magnus DTI1010 Spirit Energy North Sea Oil Limited Sevan Hummingbird FPSO DTI1011 Perenco UK Limited Trent Compression Facilities DTI1013 EnQuest Heather Limited Northern Producer Floating Production Facility DTI1014 Neptune E&P UK Limited Cygnus Alpha Platform DTI1015 Premier Oil E&P UK Limited Voyager Spirit FPSO DTI1200 Spirit Energy Production UK Limited Morecambe Central Processing Complex DTI1300 Dana Petroleum (E&P) Limited Triton FPSO DTI1600 Apache Beryl I Limited Beryl Alpha DTI1700 Apache Beryl I Limited Beryl Bravo DTI1900 Perenco UK Limited Indefatigable 23A DTI2000 Perenco UK Limited Leman 27A DTI2100 Chevron North Sea Limited Captain FPSO DTI2200 Chevron North Sea Limited Alba Northern Platform (ANP) DTI2300 Chevron North Sea Limited Alba FSU DTI2600 Eni Hewett Limited Hewett 48/29A DTI2700 Repsol Sinopec Resources UK Limited
    [Show full text]
  • Powering Ahead Delivering Low Carbon Energy for London
    October 20091 Powering ahead Delivering low carbon energy for London October 2009 Powering ahead: delivering low carbon energy for London This propectus has been prepared with the help and expertise of those listed in the working group below. Working group Argent - Robert Evans, Andre Gibbs Arup - John Miles Buro Happold - Rod Macdonald, Alasdair Young Climate Change Capital - Ingrid Holmes Department of Energy and Climate Change - Andy Cormie, Rita Wadey Greater London Authority - Syed Ahmed, Peter Daw Land Securities - Neil Pennell London Councils - Faraz Baber London Development Agency - Peter North, Robert Tudway London First - Judith Salomon Norton Rose - Nicholas Pincott PWC - Jon Williams, Richard Gledhill Transport for London - Padmesh Shukla Greater London Authority October 2009 ISBN 978 1 84781 302 2 Published by Greater London Authority, City Hall, The Queen’s Walk, More London, London SE1 2AA www.london.gov.uk enquiries 020 7983 4100 minicom 020 7983 4458 Contents 5 Foreword 7 1 The opportunity - London, the place for decentralised energy 11 2 Commercial models 15 3 Why is decentralised energy happening now, what is changing in the market? 25 4 Funding 29 5 Next steps 31 6 Pipeline of potential projects 33 References 43 6 Foreword 7 The Copenhagen Summit in December 2009 Combined with demand side measures, focuses the world’s attention once again on investment in decentralised energy is key to climate change. London government and underpin London’s ‘Low Carbon Capital’ status business continue to work together to address and to support its emergence as a global hub for the challenge. Energy and carbon reduction green industry, knowledge and finance.
    [Show full text]