DOCSLIB.ORG

Illustrated Pathology of the Spleen Bridget S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Illustrated Pathology of the Spleen Bridget S Cambridge University Press 0521622271 - Illustrated Pathology of the Spleen Bridget S. Wilkins and Dennis H. Wright Index More information Index Note: page numbers in italics refer to figures and tables. abscess cystic change 153 formation in spontaneous rupture 43 metastasis; differential diagnosis 152 mycotic 152 subdiaphragmatic 159 tuberculous 152 acanthocytes 24 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) 66–70 bacillary angiomatosis 69–70 CD8-positive T cells 67–8 Kaposi’s sarcoma 141 leishmaniasis 73, 175 opportunistic infection 68–70 tumours 70 white pulp atrophy 68 see also human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection actin see alpha-smooth muscle actin (␣-SMA) acute leukaemia 122 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 122 immunohistochemistry 122, 123 acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (AML), AML-M7 subtype 121 acute myeloid leukaemia 122, 169 immunohistochemistry 122, 123 alpha-smooth muscle actin (␣-SMA) 16, 17, 21 PALS dendritic network 30 spindle cells 30, 32 amyloid staining 144 types A and L 155 amyloid tumour 154 amyloidosis 154–5 anatomy of spleen 4, 13–17 angioma cystic change 153 littoral cell 140–1 181 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521622271 - Illustrated Pathology of the Spleen Bridget S. Wilkins and Dennis H. Wright Index More information Index 182 angiomatosis migration 22–3 bacillary 69–70 red pulp 22 diffuse 139–40 white pulp 22–3 angiosarcoma 140–1, 141–3 B-prolymphocytic leukaemia 82 Thorotrast-induced 159 bacillary angiomatosis 69–70 ankyrin 52 bacteria, encapsulated 11 anticoagulant therapy, spontaneous rupture 43 bacterial endocarditis 147 antigen presentation site 16 splenic atrophy 158 antigen retrieval methods 9 band 3 52 antigen-presenting cells (APC) 22 barrel hoop fibres 16 apoptosis 23 Bartonella henselae 69–70 atrophy of spleen 23, 157–9 bcl-2 86, 87 due to Thorotrast exposure 158–9 bilateral spleen 155 in HIV infection 68 biochemical analysis 9 in sickle cell anaemia 50 biopsy 10–11 auto-antibodies Birbeck granules 137, 138 blood cell coating 52 blast cells 40, 42 in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 53 in acute leukaemia 122 auto-immune cytopenia 26 in Epstein–Barr virus infection 71 auto-immune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) 2, 6, 47, 51–2 in lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma 92 atrophy of spleen 157 in marginal zone lymphoma 90 causes 52–3 in mast cell leukaemia 120 cordal macrophages 54, 57 blood cells erythrocytosis 25 reservoir 5 erythrophagocytosis 54, 56 see also red cells; sequestration incidental EMH 178 blood lakes, hairy cell leukaemia 94–5, 97, 98, 173 intrasinusoidal red cell phagocytosis 54–5, 56 blood supply see vascular supply of spleen macroscopic appearance of spleen 53 bone marrow hyperplasia 25 microscopic features 56, 60 Bruton’s X-linked agammaglobulinaemia 64, 65 white pulp changes 55–6 Burkitt’s lymphoma 77 autolysis, splenic 160–1 post-mortem 73–4 cancers metastasis sources 152 B cell lymphocytic lymphoma (B-CLL) 77, 78, 79–80, routes of spread 151 81–2 capsular damage 6 chromosome deletions 81, 82 capsule 14 distinction from mantle cell lymphoma 83 cassettes, for fixation 8 genetic features 81–2 cat spleen 5 IgG gene mutations 81–2 cat-scratch disease 69 immunophenotype 81 CD4-positive T cells 15, 16 para-immunoblasts 78, 80, 81 AIDS 68 trabecular infiltration 167 CD8 expression 15, 16 trisomy 12 81, 82 CD8-positive T cells, AIDS 67–8 B cell lymphoma CD68 expression 20 nodular lymphocyte and histiocyte predominant centroblasts 27 Hodgkin’s disease 105 in follicle centre cell lymphoma 86, 89 see also lymphoma; large B cell lymphoma; small B cell centrocytes 23, 27 lymphoma in follicle centre cell lymphoma 89 B cells 15 ceroid 131, 134, 135 in inherited immunodeficiency states 64–5 accumulation 127, 175, 176 marginal zones 28, 29 ceroid histiocytes 128 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521622271 - Illustrated Pathology of the Spleen Bridget S. Wilkins and Dennis H. Wright Index More information 183 Index ceroid histiocytosis 55, 126, 130, 131, 134, 135 differential diagnosis 163 chemotherapy, cytotoxic 66 analytical approach 163 chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) 114 cordal macrophage disorders 173, 175–6 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) 164, 168 EMH 176–7, 178 hilar lymph nodes 172 germinal centres 164, 165, 166 mantle zones 166, 167 granulomas 173, 175–6 circulatory pathways hilar lymph nodes in splenic lymphoma closed/open 19, 20 171–2 fast transit 26 macrophages 175–6 red pulp 19, 20 mantle zones 166 closed circulation see circulatory pathways marginal zones 167 coeliac disease 158 peri-arteriolar lymphoid sheaths (PALS) 168 congenital absence of spleen 24 red pulp 169 congenital anomalies 155–6 diffluent spleen 74 connective tissue trabeculae 40 DiGeorge’s syndrome 64 cordal macrophages 20, 21 dog spleen 5 differential diagnosis of disorders 173, 175–6 Down’s syndrome see trisomy 21 in AIHA 54, 57 drug therapy, acquired immunodeficiency 65–6 in ceroid histiocytosis 135 Dutcher bodies 91, 92, 167 in HS 54, 55 dyserythropoiesis 47 in ITP 55, 58 in malaria 72 Echinococcus 154 in Niemann–Pick disease 130, 131 ectopia, splenic 156 pitting 24, 50 elderly patients, spleen size 39–40 platelet phagocytosis 55 embolism, spontaneous rupture 43 storage disorders 26, 126–8, 129, 130–1, 132–4, 135–6 endothelial cells cords of Billroth see splenic cords immunohistochemistry 31, 34 corticosteroids 6 in angiosarcoma 140, 141, 142, 143 in acquired immunodeficiency 65 in haemangioma 139, 140 in auto-immune disorders (AIHA+ITP) 56 in hereditary spherocytosis (HS) 54 in Felty’s syndrome 57 in littoral cell angioma 140, 141 in systemic lupus erythematosus 59 in lymphangioma 139, 140 tingible body macrophages 136 in Niemann–Pick disease 130, 132 white pulp microscopic changes 56 red pulp 41, 43 Crohn’s disease 158 in storage disorders 127 cryptococcosis 68–9 see also sinusoidal endothelium cyclin D1 85, 86 epithelial inclusion cysts 153–4 cystic lesions 154 epithelioid granulomas 125, 173 cysts 153–4 Hodgkin’s disease 173, 175 cytogenetic analysis 9 see also granulomas cytopenia Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection 44, 70–1 auto-immune 26 in autolysed tissue 161 peripheral blood 25 erythrocytes in incidental EMH 112 cytoplasmic inclusions erythrocytosis, secondary 25 ceroid histtocytoses 131 erythroid cells, dysplastic in significant extramedullary Gaucher’s disease 130 haemopoiesis (EMH) 115 Niemann–Pick disease 130, 132, 133 erythroid precursors 115, 160 erythrophagocytosis in AIHA 54, 56 dendritic cells, follicular 27 essential thrombocythaemia (ET) 114, 115, 117 description of spleen 7, 8 peliosis 118 development of spleen 17–19 Evans’ syndrome 47, 51, 53 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521622271 - Illustrated Pathology of the Spleen Bridget S. Wilkins and Dennis H. Wright Index More information Index 184 experimental animals 5 marginal zone differentiation 86, 168 haemopoiesis 18 mutations 87 extra-follicular focus, white pulp 22–3 red pulp 171 extramedullary haemopoiesis (EMH) 18, 111–15, 116, white pulp nodules 86, 88, 165 117 follicular dendritic cells 27 cytology 177 differential diagnosis 176–7, 178 Gamna–Gandy body 59, 145, 147, 148 distribution 177 foreign body giant cells 147, 148 incidental 18, 112–13, 176, 177, 178 perisplenitis 159, 160 causes 113–14 Gaucher’s cells 128, 129, 130, 175 megakaryocytes 111 Gaucher’s disease 126, 127–8, 129, 130 primitive myeloid cells 112–13 germinal centres 14, 15 significant 114–15, 116, 117, 178 atrophy in X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome 65 associated diseases 114 differential diagnosis 164, 165, 166 differential diagnosis 176, 177, 178 fibrinoid necrosis 74 subtypes 111 immunohistochemistry 27–8 extramedullary haemopoietic cells in autolysed tissue in post-traumatic spleen 36 160–1 involution 43 reactive changes 39 false cysts 153–4 glucosyl ceramide degradation enzyme deficiency 127 Felty’s syndrome 56–7, 97 granulocytes in EMH 177, 178 atypical 57 in incidental EMH 112–13 red pulp 61 granulomas 125–6 fibrinoid necrosis caseating 125–6 germinal centres 74 cystic change 153 malaria 72 differential diagnosis 173, 175–6 systemic lupus erythematosus 59 in Hodgkin’s disease 104, 105 fibrocongestive splenomegaly 145, 146 in selective IgA deficiency 64–5 fibrosis 157–9 red pulp 173, 175 in malaria 72 sarcoid-like 125–6 in systemic mastocytosis 119, 120 white pulp 173, 175 in Thorotrast-induced atrophy 159 see also epithelioid granulomas onion-skin 59 granulomatous inflammation 125–6 fibrous histiocytosis, malignant 141 granulopoietic cells in autolysis 160 fine needle aspiration cytology 10 fixation 3–4, 7–9 haemangioma 139–40, 152–3 optimization 7 haematoma partial 3, 4, 8 intrasplenic 38 primary 4 subcapsular 8 secondary 3 haemoglobin abnormalities 49–51 fixative sickle cell anaemia 49 penetration 3, 4 thalassaemias 50 follicle centre cell lymphoma (FCCL) 77, 78, 85–7, 88–9, haemolytic anaemia see auto-immune haemolytic 164, 165 anaemia (AIHA) bcl-2 86, 87 Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccination 6–7, 11, 48 centroblasts 86, 89 haemopoiesis, splenic 18 centrocytes 89 see also extramedullary haemopoiesis (EMH) differential diagnosis 86 haemopoietic cells genetic features 87 extramedullary 160–1 hilar lymph nodes 172 immunohistochemistry 123 immunophenotype 86–7 haemopoietic function in embryonic/fetal life 17–18 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521622271 - Illustrated Pathology of the Spleen Bridget S. Wilkins and Dennis H. Wright Index More information 185 Index haemopoietic lineages, antibodies reactive with 123 histoplasmosis
Load more

Recommended publications
  • © 2019 First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 732 INDEX INDEX
    Index A Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), heart failure, 306 Achondroplasia, 454 A-a gradient 618, 619 hypertension, 312 chromosome disorder, 64 in elderly, 654 adenomyosis, 634 naming convention for, 253 endochondral ossification in, 450 with hypoxemia, 654, 655 anemia with, 410 preload/afterload effects, 282 inheritance, 60 restrictive lung disease, 661 Asherman syndrome, 634 teratogenicity, 600 AChR (acetylcholine receptor), 229 Abacavir, 201, 203 leiomyoma (fibroid), 634 Acetaldehyde, 72 Acid-base physiology, 580 Abciximab, 122 polyps (endometrial), 634 Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, 70, 72 Acidemia, 580 Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, thecoma, 632 Acetaminophen, 474 diuretic effect on, 595 429 ABO blood classification, 397 vs. aspirin for pediatric patients, 474 Acid-fast oocysts, 177 thrombogenesis and, 403 newborn hemolysis, 397 free radical injury and, 210 Acid-fast organisms, 125, 140, 155 Abdominal aorta, 357 Abruptio placentae, 626 hepatic necrosis from, 249 Acidic amino acids, 81 atherosclerosis in, 300, 687 cocaine use, 600 N-acetylcysteine for overdose, 671 Acid maltase, 86 bifurcation of, 649 preeclampsia, 629 for osteoarthritis, 458 Acidosis, 578, 580 Abdominal aortic aneurysm, 300 Abscess, 470 toxicity effects, 474 contractility in, 282 Abdominal colic acute inflammation and, 215 toxicity treatment for, 247 hyperkalemia with, 578 lead poisoning, 411 lung, 670 Acetazolamide, 252, 539, 594 Acid phosphatase in neutrophils, 398 Abdominal pain Absence seizures idiopathic intracranial Acid reflux bacterial peritonitis, 384 characteristics
    [Show full text]
  • Histology Histology
    HISTOLOGY HISTOLOGY ОДЕСЬКИЙ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ МЕДИЧНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ THE ODESSA NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY Áiáëiîòåêà ñòóäåíòà-ìåäèêà Medical Student’s Library Серія заснована в 1999 р. на честь 100-річчя Одеського державного медичного університету (1900–2000 рр.) The series is initiated in 1999 to mark the Centenary of the Odessa State Medical University (1900–2000) 1 L. V. Arnautova O. A. Ulyantseva HISTÎLÎGY A course of lectures A manual Odessa The Odessa National Medical University 2011 UDC 616-018: 378.16 BBC 28.8я73 Series “Medical Student’s Library” Initiated in 1999 Authors: L. V. Arnautova, O. A. Ulyantseva Reviewers: Professor V. I. Shepitko, MD, the head of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of the Ukrainian Medical Stomatologic Academy Professor O. Yu. Shapovalova, MD, the head of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of the Crimean State Medical University named after S. I. Georgiyevsky It is published according to the decision of the Central Coordinational Methodical Committee of the Odessa National Medical University Proceedings N1 from 22.09.2010 Навчальний посібник містить лекції з гістології, цитології та ембріології у відповідності до програми. Викладено матеріали теоретичного курсу по всіх темах загальної та спеціальної гістології та ембріології. Посібник призначений для підготовки студентів до практичних занять та ліцензійного екзамену “Крок-1”. Arnautova L. V. Histology. A course of lectures : a manual / L. V. Arnautova, O. A. Ulyantseva. — Оdessa : The Оdessa National Medical University, 2010. — 336 p. — (Series “Medical Student’s Library”). ISBN 978-966-443-034-7 The manual contains the lecture course on histology, cytology and embryol- ogy in correspondence with the program.
    [Show full text]
  • © 2016 First Aid for the USMLE Step 1
    Index A Abscess, 442 vs. aspirin, in pediatric patients, 446 Achondroplasia, 426 Abacavir, 184 Absence seizures, 494 free radical injury and, 221 autosomal dominance of, 71 for HIV, 186 drug therapy for, 500 necrosis caused by, 252 chromosome associated with, 75 Abciximab, 214, 407 treatments for, 638 for osteoarthritis, 430 endochondral ossification in, 425 thrombogenesis and, 385 Absolute risk reduction (ARR), 34, for tension headaches, 494 AChR (acetylcholine receptor), 229 Abdominal aorta, 342 646 toxicity effects, 446 Acid-base physiology, 543 atherosclerosis in, 286, 645 Absorption disorders, anemia caused toxicity treatment for, 251 Acidemia, 543 bifurcation of, 609 by, 388 Acetazolamide, 254, 557 diuretic effect on, 558 498 92 Abdominal aortic aneurysm, 286 Abuse for glaucoma, Acidic amino acids, metabolic acidosis caused by, 543 Acidosis, 543 Abdominal colic confidentiality exceptions and, 41 in nephron physiology, 537 contractility in, 267 lead poisoning as cause, 389 dependent personality disorder for pseudotumor cerebri, 471 hyperkalemia caused by, 542 Abdominal distension and, 519 site of action, 556 Acid phosphatase, in neutrophils, 378 duodenal atresia as cause, 338 Acalculia, 464 Acetoacetate, metabolism of, 102 Acid reflux Abdominal pain Acamprosate Acetone breath, in diabetic esophageal strictures and, 354 Budd-Chiari syndrome as for alcoholism, 523, 638 ketoacidosis, 331 esophagitis and, 354 cause, 368, 630 diarrhea caused by, 252 Acetylation, 57 H blockers for, 374 cilostazol/dipyridamole as Acanthocytes, 386 2 Acetylcholine
    [Show full text]
  • Usmle Rx Qbank 2017 Step 1 Hematology
    Item: 1 of 15 ~ 1 • M k -<:J 1>- Jil ~· !:';-~ QIO: 3890 ..L a r Previous Next Lab~lu es Notes Calculat o r • 1 • A 29-year-old female is pregnant with a boy. She was diagnosed with a bleeding disorder when she was a teenager and has recurrent gum bleeding IA•A] . 2 when brushing her teeth. She has anemia secondary to severe menorrhagia. The patient's mother and grandmother h ave had similar problems, but the patent's father has no history of any bleeding disorder. The father of the baby boy has no history of any bleeding disorder either. Laboratory tests • 3 show a platelet count of 250,000/ mm•, increa sed bleeding time and partial thromboplastin time, but normal prothrombin time. · 4 • 5 What Is the probability that the unborn boy will inherit the disease? • 6 : A. 0% . 7 · 8 B. 25% . 9 c. 50% • 10 o. 67% • 11 E. 100% • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 a s 8 Lock Suspend End Block Item: 1 of 15 ~ . I • M k <:] t> al ~· ~ QIO: 3890 .l. ar Previous Next lab 'Vfl1ues Notes Calculator 1 . 2 The correct a nswer is c. 6 1% chose this. • 3 The pregnant woman's history is consistent with von Willebrand disea se (vWD), an autosomal dominant coagulation disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding and often menorrhagia in women. Von Willebrand factor (vWF) is involved in platelet aggregation and is a carrier protein for . 4 factor VIII. Thus, a lack of vW F increa ses the partial thromboplastin time and the bleeding time, wherea s platelet count and prothrombin time remain • 5 normal.
    [Show full text]
  • Hematology Assignment
    Hematology Assignment This unit is big, and mastery of the material requires a combination of reading the book, reviewing lecture notes and especially attention to the online exercises. It covers RBC and WBC disorders, problems of coagulation and diseases of the lymph nodes. Do not wait until week before the exam to try and do the reading. All of the material in this unit will be covered on the second exam, and it’s a bunch. You’ll be sunk if you put reading and online assignments off until the just few weeks before the exam. Here’s the scoop on just the hematology unit, the immunopathology comes later. Big Robbins: chapters 13 and 14. Little Robbins: Chapter 11 Wheater: Hematopoietic Slides: For the blood smears, the entire set is online. There are no slides in your box. For the lymph nodes, there are slides in your box and online. There are four online exercises for hematology unit, two cases and two tutorials. The tutorials are rather large but absolutely necessary. Don’t flush these or try to rush through them. Online stuff: Case 11, Mr. Herbert: A man complaining of lethargy. Module 24, Coagulation tutorial Module 19, Leukemia review Case 17, Mrs. Talbot: Woman with a neck mass. Slides and TBL stuff: There are no formal TBLs for this unt. Rather the blood smear section of the slides will serve that purpose. Approach of these cases as if you will see them, their histories and lab values in case studies on the written exam. The reason is, you will.
    [Show full text]
  • First-Aid-Step-1-2017-Index.Pdf
    Index A Abscess, 451 Acetaminophen, 455 Achlorhydria Abacavir, 197, 199 Absence seizures, 487 vs aspirin for pediatric patients, 455 stomach cancer, 362 Abciximab, 118 drug therapy for, 514 free radical injury and, 210 VIPomas, 356 Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa treatment, 661 hepatic necrosis from, 240 Achondroplasia, 435 inhibitors, 415 Absolute risk reduction (ARR), for osteoarthritis, 439 chromosome disorder, 60 thrombogenesis and, 393 248, 669 tension headaches, 488 endochondral ossification in, 434 Abdominal aorta, 348 Absorption disorders and anemia, 396 toxicity effects, 455 inheritance, 56 217 atherosclerosis in, 292, 668 AB toxin, 128 toxicity treatment for, 239 AChR (acetylcholine receptor), 561 bifurcation of, 629 Abuse Acetazolamide, 243, 575 Acid-base physiology, Acidemia, 561 Abdominal aortic aneurysm, 292 confidentiality exceptions, 255 glaucoma, 521 diuretic effect on, 576 Abdominal colic dependent personality disorder metabolic acidosis, 561 Acidic amino acids, 77 lead poisoning, 397 and, 535 in nephron physiology, 555 Acid maltase, 82 Abdominal distension intimate partner violence, 257 pseudotumor cerebri, 491 Acidosis, 561 duodenal atresia and, 344 Acalculia, 481 site of action, 574 contractility in, 273 Abdominal pain Acamprosate Acetoacetate metabolism, 86 hyperkalemia with, 560 Budd-Chiari syndrome, 375, 652 alcoholism, 541, 661 Acetone breath, 337 Acid phosphatase in neutrophils, 386 cilostazol/dipyridamole, 415 diarrhea, 240 Acetylation, 41 Acid reflux Clostridium difficile, 652 Acanthocytes, 394 chromatin, 32 esophageal
    [Show full text]
  • Pathology.Pre-Test.Pdf
    Pathology PreTestTMSelf-Assessment and Review Notice Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of the information contained in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example, and in particular, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs. Pathology PreTestTMSelf-Assessment and Review Twelfth Edition Earl J. Brown, MD Associate Professor Department of Pathology Quillen College of Medicine Johnson City, Tennessee New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Often Precedes Squamous Cell Carcinoma Albright's Syndrome
    Actinic Keratosis - Often precedes Squamous cell carcinoma Albright's syndrome - Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, Precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature, young girls Albuminocytologic dissociation - Guillain-Barre (increased protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count) Alport's syndrome - Hereditary nephritis with nerve deafness Anti-basement membrane antibodies - Goodpasture's syndrome Anti-centromere antibodies - Scleroderma (CREST) Anti-epithelial cell antibodies - Pemphigus vulgaris Anti-gliadin antibodies - Celiac disease Anti-histone antibodies - Drug-induced SLE Anti-IgG antibodies - Rheumatoid Anti-mitochondrial antibodies - Primary biliary cirrhosis Anti-platelet antibodies- ITP Arachnodactyly- Marfan's syndrome Argyll Robertson Pupil- Neurosyphilis Arnold Chiari malformation - Cerebellar tonsillar herniation Aschoff bodies - Rheumatic fever Atrophy of the mamillry bodies - Wernicke's encephalopathy Auer rods- Acute myelogenous leukemia (especially promyelocytic) Autosplenectomy- Sickle cell anemia Babinski's sign- UMN Lesion Baker's cyst in popliteal fossa- Rheumatoid arthritis Bamboo spine- Ankylosing spondylitis Bartter's syndrome Hyper-Reninemia Basophilic stippling of RBC - Lead poisoning; Beta-Thalassemia Becker's muscular dystrophy- Defective dystrophin, less severe than Duchenne's Bell's palsy - LMN CN VII palsy Bence Jones proteins- Multiple myeloma (K or L light chains); Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (IgM) Berger's disease -IgA nephropathy Bernard-Soulier -> Defect in platelet adhesion Bilateral
    [Show full text]
  • View the 2021 Index
    Index A ABO hemolytic disease of newborn, idiopathic intracranial Acinetobacter baumannii A-a gradient 415 hypertension, 540 highly resistant bacteria, 198 by age, 692 Abortion mechanism, use and adverse Acne, 489, 491 in oxygen deprivation, 693 antiphospholipid syndrome, 482 effects, 631 danazol, 682 restrictive lung disease, 699 ethical situations, 276 sulfa drug, 255 tetracyclines for, 192 with oxygen deprivation, 693 methotrexate for, 450 Acetoacetate metabolism, 90 Acquired hydrocele (scrotal), 676 Abacavir Abruptio placentae, 664 Acetylation Acrodermatitis enteropathica, 71 HIV terapy, 203 cocaine use, 638 chromatin, 34 Acromegaly HLA subtype hypersensitivity, 100 preeclampsia, 667 drug metabolism, 234 carpal tunnel syndrome, 470 Abciximab Abscesses, 493 histones, 34 findings, diagnosis and treatment, antiplatelets, 447 acute inflammation and, 215 posttranslation, 45 347 mechanism and clinical use, 447 brain, 156, 180 Acetylcholine (ACh) GH, 337 thrombogenesis and, 421 calcification with, 212 anticholinesterase effect on, 244 GH analogs, 336 Abdominal aorta cold staphylococcal, 116 change with disease, 510 octreotide for, 410 and branches, 373 frontal lobe, 153 Clostridium botulinum inhibition somatostatin analogs for, 336 atherosclerosis in, 310 Klebsiella spp, 145 of release, 138 Actin bifurcation of, 687 Staphylococcus aureus, 135 pacemaker action potential and, cytoskeleton, 48, 61 Abdominal aortic aneurysm, 310 liver, 155, 179 301 muscular dystrophies, 61 Abdominal pain lung, 709 Acetylcholine (ACh) receptor Acting out, 576
    [Show full text]
  • Anemia Males), Age (Highest in Newborns, O2 Taken from Mother
    RBC measurements differ between labs, areas (higher in high altitudes), sex (higher in Anemia males), age (highest in newborns, O2 taken from mother. Lower in elderly), ethnicity (lower General Info in africans), activity. Reduction of oxygen carrying capacity secondary to decrease in red cell mass (Not number). Reticulocytes: are fresh immature red cells produced by (Yes, the number of RBCs is positively related to its mass but this is not always the case.) the bone marrow, it appears larger and more bluish than As we sometimes have a large number of RBCs but they are empty, not functional. the RBCs due to the DNA remnants. They do appear in RBC mass is also tied to Hb as Hb makes up around 30pg (MCH). Anemia causes hypoxia blood but in low numbers (0.5-1.5% of entire RBC population) their presence in blood = polychromasia Diagnosis: measured by hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit (RBC to overall blood %) Before Hematocrit, PCV (packed cell volume) was used, it takes more time as the sample Reticulocyte count: important to differentiate anemia of has to sit for a few days, not very practical. hemolytic anemia (their numbers will be more prominent) Physiology: (of Erythropoietin) Clinical features: (general) Anemia triggers production of erythropoietin from the kidneys (stimulates erythropoiesis) Dizziness, headache, fatigue, Pallor, blood pressure decreases (hypotension) causing compensatory erythroid hyperplasia in bone marrow. This hyperplasia may be 5x As compensation: Tachycardia (heart beats fast), Tachypnea (increased respiration), 2,3- folds more than the healthy person in cases of acute anemia. biphosphoglycerate (2,3BPG) increases (binds Hb for oxygen to dissociate for its release to In severe cases, erythropoietin causes extramedullary hematopoiesis (blood formation in tissues).
    [Show full text]