DOCSLIB.ORG

Comox Valley Ribfest

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Comox Valley Ribfest TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 12, 2017 Volume 59, #15 The Battle of Britain con- The Battle of Britain is radar stations on the south flict took place between often described as having coast. By sinking merchant July and October of 1940. four phases, the dates of ships, Germany would pre- It was the first major mili- which seem to vary. vent the British people from Battle of Britain tary campaign in history to receiving the commodities be fought entirely in the air. Phase One - required for their existence. Commemorating 77 years On July 10, 120 German July 10 to At the same time, it was bombers and fighters struck August 12, 1940 hoped that it would draw Comox Air Force Museum a British shipping convoy out the British fighters from Attacks on Channel Ship- in the English Channel, their bases so as to analyze ping: On July 16, Hitler while 70 more bombers at- the strength of the Royal Air issued Directive No. 16, tacked dockyards in South Force, determine the speed which called for prepara- Wales. and efficiency that it could tions to be made for Opera- Although Britain had deploy its squadrons. tion Sealion - the invasion of fewer fighters than the Ger- Intermittent bombing Britain. He demanded that mans, it did have an effec- raids took place on Ports- “the British Air Force… be tive radar system, which mouth, Falmouth, Swansea, eliminated to such an extent made the prospects of a Newcastle and Merseyside, that it will be incapable of sneak attack unlikely. but these weren’t consistent putting up any sustained But in the opening days like the Channel convoy opposition to the invad- of the Battle, Britain need- raids. ing troops.” So the Luft- ed determination and alu- Continued on page 2. waffe (German Air Force) minum. The government attacked shipping convoys asked for all available alu- in the English Channel, minum. Channel ports, and coastal “We will turn your pots and pans into Spitfires and Hurricanes,” the Ministry of Aircraft Production said. Approved Service Provider to the DND Integrated Relocation Program Royal LePage In the Comox Valley 2682 VANCOUVER PLACE #121-750 Comox Road, 2435B DAKOTA PLACE A BRAND NEW HOME built by Smits Construc- NEW CONSTRUCTION IN COMOX by Jal- Rob Courtenay, B.C. V9N 3P6 Jamie Edwards tion is move in ready! Highlights include 1433 sq. con Developments Ltd. This 1600+ sq. ft. 3 Personal Real Estate Corp. Nygren ft, 3 beds with the master featuring a full ensuite, Bus: 250-334-3124 bed 2 bath Rancher Style home has a full (un- walk in and second closets. The gourmet kitchen Toll Free: 1-800-638-4226 finished) walkout basement. The home will be 250-703-6202 250-792-3126 is built with class, Quartz counter tops and a large Fax: 250-334-1901 heated by a high efficiency Natural gas forced island. The great room has a gas fireplace and 3 Kristin Sinclare www.royallepagecomoxvalley.com air furnace. Lots of room for your toys and Personal Real Estate Corp. large windows overlooking your cozy back yard. tons of storage. Email: [email protected] 250-218-5522 $384,900 www.royallepage.ca/id/421253 $514,900 www.royallepage.ca/id/420737 2 | SEPTEMBER 12, 2017 | TOTEM TIMES Totem Battle of Britain - July to Oct 1940 TIMES Phase Two - airfields and other military August 13 to targets were attacked dur- ing the day. August 18, 1940 However, all they were Attacks on Airfields and doing was losing more Radar Stations: The Luft- aircraft and losing more waffe planned to destroy and more aircrews. The the aircraft of the British Luftwaffe had tried in vain Fighter Command, either to “break the heart” of the on the ground or in the RAF, but without success. air. Airfields and radar sta- By October 31, all was tions became the focus of quiet. The final phase of MANAGING EDITOR German bombing. These the invasion of England Camille Douglas raids destroyed aircraft officially ended. 250-339-2541 and damaged airfields, The Battle of Britain was [email protected] thus making it difficult for now over. aircraft to operate. GRAPHIC DESIGNER Commemora- Gillian Ottaway Querin August 13 is referred to as ‘Eagle Day’ (Adlertag); tive ceremony EDITORIAL ADVISOR the Luftwaffe launched The Battle of Britain Capt Brad Little intense raids on RAF air- will be commemorated on fields. The airfields of No. The first bombing attacks ister Winston Churchill cus of his heavy bombers Sunday, September 17. As DISTRIBUTION on the City of London acknowledged enormous mainly on London, but Michael Pearce 11 Group in southeast Eng- per tradition, the Comox land suffered the heaviest started this third phase. gratitude to British and Al- many other industrial cen- Valley Air Force Museum attacks. Small civilian air- The Luftwaffe theory lied aircrew, with his now ters suffered as well, but at Association invites the fields were used in emer- was that mass bombing famous, “Never in the field a high attrition rate to the public to attend the annual gency. raids would inflict se- of conflict has so much Luftwaffe. Heritage Stone Dedication vere damage to the city been owed by so many to September 15 is named A Division of Personnel ‘The Hardest Day’ was Ceremony that is held in Support Programs August 18; fierce air bat- and lower morale and the so few.” ‘Battle of Britain Day’. partnership with 19 Wing 19 Wing Comox, tles took place between the strength of the people and, During night bombing The Luftwaffe launched Comox as part of the Bat- PO Box 1000 Stn. Main, RAF and the Luftwaffe, at the same time, elimi- of Britain on August 24, a its heaviest raids on Lon- tle of Britain anniversary. Lazo, BC V0R 2K0 with severe loss of RAF nate the remaining fight- lost German bomber for- don. Fighter Command The service will be held [email protected] aircraft on the ground. ers of Fighter Command. mation dropped bombs successfully fought the at the St. Michael and All The Fighter Command was Attacks by massed forma- on London by mistake. attacking aircraft, result- Angels Protestant Chapel, stretched to the limit. tions of bombers escorted The following day, in re- ing in heavy Luftwaffe located on Military Row, by twice as many fighters taliation for this, the RAF losses. By September 17, across from the Heritage Phase Three - now brought the war closer launched their first bomb- Hitler postponed ‘Opera- Air Park. Guests should be August 19 to to the residents of the capi- ing raid on Berlin. tion Sealion’. The Ger- seated by 1:45 p.m. September 6, 1940 tal city. Phase Four - mans couldn’t continue Visit comoxairforcemu- Heavy bombing took the rate of loss to the Luft- The Luftwaffe continued seum.ca for more informa- place on the industrial fac- September 7 to waffe. They focused their to bomb towns, cities, and tion on the Heritage Stone tories and the dock areas October 31, 1940 bombing raids on British airfields across the south Dedication Ceremony or of London’s ‘East End’. cities at night, to reduce coast of England, the Mid- The night raids contin- the history relating to the On August 20, Prime Min- casualties. Coastal towns, lands, and the northeast. ued; Hitler kept the fo- Battle of Britain. Comox Air Force Museum celebrates 30 years The Comox Air Force Museum is marking their 30th anniversary with a private ceremony, official opening of a new display area, and the release of a history book on September 12. The Comox Air Force Museum (CAFM) commemo- rates the role and history of 19 Wing Comox, doc- umenting significant achievements in west coast military aviation history. Founded in 1982 as part of the Air Force Indoc- The Totem Times is an unoffi- trination School, CAFM was accredited as a stand- cial publication of 19 Wing Co- mox, BC. The Editor reserves alone Canadian Forces museum - officially open to the right to edit copy and re- the public - on September 12, 1987. ject advertisements to suit The anniversary is marked by the release of the the needs of the publication. newly published book “Comox Air Force Museum: Views expressed are those of the contributor unless express- Our First Thirty Years”, written by Col (Ret) Jon Am- ly attributed to DND, CAF, or bler, program manager and volunteer coordinator other agencies. In case of ty- at the Comox Air Force Museum. pographical errors, no goods A limited number of books will be available in the may be sold and the difference claimed against this paper. The museum gift shop, open Tuesday to Sunday from paper’s liability is limited to a 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. refund of the space charged A new hallway display will be officially opened for the erroneous item. Mate- during the anniversary celebration. Many months rial may be reprinted with at- tribution. Published 22 times of volunteer effort has transformed the static space a year, every second Tuesday, into a bright new area that will feature revolving with permission of Col Mike displays. Atkins, 19 Wing Commander. The museum is open to the public by donation and Publications Mail Registration No.4098. Printed by Ladysmith is located at the main gates of 19 Wing Comox, on Press, Ladysmith, BC. Circula- the corner of Ryan Road and Military Row. tion: 1800. SEPTEMBER 12, 2017 | TOTEM TIMES | 3 Battle of Britain special contribution: In Praise of the Hurricane stated the case. “I’d give ‘em an ‘urricane, and they’d either prang it or bring it back full of bloody ‘oles,” he’d complain in his rich Bournemouth accent.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • On Sunday 18 August 1940 the Luftwaffe Launched
    On Sunday 18th August 1940 the Luftwaffe launched three major air assaults against targets in Southern England. Kenley was one of those targets and the recollections of those on duty on the airfield, the pilots, and those living in the surrounding area are still vivid. 905328 AC2 Charles Gale was on ambulance duty and was sitting in the ambulance with the driver when they heard aircraft approaching. “Getting down from the vehicle we saw eight aircraft flying low in line abreast coming towards us. We saw the bombs begin to drop and ran quickly away from the ambulance and flung ourselves to the ground, as we did so the ambulance received a direct hit and was blown to pieces.” “As we got up it seemed as though the whole of the station was on fire. Hangars and buildings were burning and the noise of the barrage that the Kenley defences were putting up was terrific. We did notice that some of the raiding planes had been hit.” There was a three-ton lorry parked nearby so they got its started and drove round the airfield to seek out casualties. They picked up two wounded and some others who were in a state of shock from the blast and set off to find medical attention. “We drove them to Sick Quarters but when we got there we found that the building had been bombed and was on fire. The Duty Medical Officer, Flt Lt Cromie of 615 Sqn. had been killed by a bomb whilst standing in the doorway of the Sick Quarters shelter.
    [Show full text]
  • Shelf List 05/31/2011 Matches 4631
    Shelf List 05/31/2011 Matches 4631 Call# Title Author Subject 000.1 WARBIRD MUSEUMS OF THE WORLD EDITORS OF AIR COMBAT MAG WAR MUSEUMS OF THE WORLD IN MAGAZINE FORM 000.10 FLEET AIR ARM MUSEUM, THE THE FLEET AIR ARM MUSEUM YEOVIL, ENGLAND 000.11 GUIDE TO OVER 900 AIRCRAFT MUSEUMS USA & BLAUGHER, MICHAEL A. EDITOR GUIDE TO AIRCRAFT MUSEUMS CANADA 24TH EDITION 000.2 Museum and Display Aircraft of the World Muth, Stephen Museums 000.3 AIRCRAFT ENGINES IN MUSEUMS AROUND THE US SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIST OF MUSEUMS THROUGH OUT THE WORLD WORLD AND PLANES IN THEIR COLLECTION OUT OF DATE 000.4 GREAT AIRCRAFT COLLECTIONS OF THE WORLD OGDEN, BOB MUSEUMS 000.5 VETERAN AND VINTAGE AIRCRAFT HUNT, LESLIE LIST OF COLLECTIONS LOCATION AND AIRPLANES IN THE COLLECTIONS SOMEWHAT DATED 000.6 VETERAN AND VINTAGE AIRCRAFT HUNT, LESLIE AVIATION MUSEUMS WORLD WIDE 000.7 NORTH AMERICAN AIRCRAFT MUSEUM GUIDE STONE, RONALD B. LIST AND INFORMATION FOR AVIATION MUSEUMS 000.8 AVIATION AND SPACE MUSEUMS OF AMERICA ALLEN, JON L. LISTS AVATION MUSEUMS IN THE US OUT OF DATE 000.9 MUSEUM AND DISPLAY AIRCRAFT OF THE UNITED ORRISS, BRUCE WM. GUIDE TO US AVIATION MUSEUM SOME STATES GOOD PHOTOS MUSEUMS 001.1L MILESTONES OF AVIATION GREENWOOD, JOHN T. EDITOR SMITHSONIAN AIRCRAFT 001.2.1 NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE MUSEUM, THE BRYAN, C.D.B. NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE MUSEUM COLLECTION 001.2.2 NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE MUSEUM, THE, SECOND BRYAN,C.D.B. MUSEUM AVIATION HISTORY REFERENCE EDITION Page 1 Call# Title Author Subject 001.3 ON MINIATURE WINGS MODEL AIRCRAFT OF THE DIETZ, THOMAS J.
    [Show full text]
  • Cat No Ref Title Author 3170 H3 an Airman's
    Cat Ref Title Author OS Sqdn and other info No 3170 H3 An Airman's Outing "Contact" 1842 B2 History of 607 Sqn R Aux AF, County of 607 Sqn Association 607 RAAF 2898 B4 AAF (Army Air Forces) The Official Guide AAF 1465 G2 British Airship at War 1914-1918 (The) Abbott, P 2504 G2 British Airship at War 1914-1918 (The) Abbott, P 790 B3 Post War Yorkshire Airfields Abraham, Barry 2654 C3 On the Edge of Flight - Development and Absolon, E W Engineering of Aircraft 3307 H1 Looking Up At The Sky. 50 years flying with Adcock, Sid the RAF 1592 F1 Burning Blue: A New History of the Battle of Addison, P/Craig JA Britain (The) 942 F5 History of the German Night Fighter Force Aders, Gerbhard 1917-1945 2392 B1 From the Ground Up Adkin, F 462 A3 Republic P-47 Thunderbolt Aero Publishers' Staff 961 A1 Pictorial Review Aeroplane 1190 J5 Aeroplane 1993 Aeroplane 1191 J5 Aeroplane 1998 Aeroplane 1192 J5 Aeroplane 1992 Aeroplane 1193 J5 Aeroplane 1997 Aeroplane 1194 J5 Aeroplane 1994 Aeroplane 1195 J5 Aeroplane 1990 Aeroplane Cat Ref Title Author OS Sqdn and other info No 1196 J5 Aeroplane 1994 Aeroplane 1197 J5 Aeroplane 1989 Aeroplane 1198 J5 Aeroplane 1991 Aeroplane 1200 J5 Aeroplane 1995 Aeroplane 1201 J5 Aeroplane 1996 Aeroplane 1525 J5 Aeroplane 1974 Aeroplane (Pub.) 1526 J5 Aeroplane 1975 Aeroplane (Pub.) 1527 J5 Aeroplane 1976 Aeroplane (Pub.) 1528 J5 Aeroplane 1977 Aeroplane (Pub.) 1529 J5 Aeroplane 1978 Aeroplane (Pub.) 1530 J5 Aeroplane 1979 Aeroplane (Pub.) 1531 J5 Aeroplane 1980 Aeroplane (Pub.) 1532 J5 Aeroplane 1981 Aeroplane (Pub.) 1533 J5
    [Show full text]
  • All Nations Together a Battle of Britain Resource
    All Nations Together A Battle of Britain resource This resource provides biographical content to supplement a Key Stage 3 student study into the Battle of Britain. It highlights the international profile of the Royal Air Force in 1940. As well as investigation into the political, strategic, tactical and technical aspects of the battle, no study is complete without reference to the human experience of the event. This was an early phase of the Second World War when the outcome hung upon the skills and courage of a small number of combatants and support staff. It may surprise students to learn that numbered among Churchill’s ‘Few’ were participants from many Allied nations. A study of the Battle fits into Key Stage 3 History in the following ways: • In the broad purpose of the study of history, as outlined in the National Curriculum: ‘History helps pupils to understand the complexity of people’s lives, the process of change, the diversity of societies and relationships between different groups, as well as their own identity and the challenges of their time.’ • One of the key aims for the teaching of KS3 history is to: ‘know and understand the history of these islands as a coherent, chronological narrative, from the earliest times to the present day: how people’s lives have shaped this nation and how Britain has influenced and been influenced by the wider world.’ • Amongst options for subject content is the unit: ‘challenges for Britain, Europe and the wider world 1901 to the present day … this could include: … the Second World War and the wartime leadership of Winston Churchill.’ The Battle of Britain, 10 July to 31 October 1940, was a large air battle fought between the German air force - the Luftwaffe - and the Royal Air Force of Great Britain.
    [Show full text]
  • WWII D-Day: a Soldier's Journal May 30, 1944 Today We Finally Moved
    Fiction: WWII – D-Day WWII D-Day: A Soldier’s Journal May 30, 1944 Today we finally moved. The action has begun. For the past few months I have been in England. We have trained and studied. Now it is time to go. The code name for our movement is Operation Overlord. I do not know when we will strike the Germans. I do know that our ultimate hope, months from now, is to liberate1 Paris. But first, we need to get our foot in the door of Europe. I am afraid that Germany will slam the door in our face. Germany now controls most of the continent. But we will win. June 5, 1944 We have left Britain now. We are heading towards the coast of France. The English Channel is rough and choppy. Our ships rock back and forth. The air is foggy outside, but very few men go up on the deck of the ship anyway. We are all kept below to prepare for the fight. Most of the men are quiet and keep to themselves. We know that our job is necessary, but we also know that many of us will die. It is clear now that we will invade2 France on the beaches of Normandy. By morning, we will have landed. Who knows how long the fight will take, or who will survive…anything is possible for us, except defeat. We will win. June 6, 1944 Today was the hardest day of my life. But we are succeeding. Over 160,000 Allied troops and 3,000 ships landed together along the coast of Normandy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Civil War Diary of Hoosier Samuel P
    1 “LIKE CROSSING HELL ON A ROTTEN RAIL—DANGEROUS”: THE CIVIL WAR DIARY OF HOOSIER SAMUEL P. HERRINGTON Edited by Ralph D. Gray Bloomington 2014 2 Sergeant Samuel P. Herrington Indianapolis Star, April 7, 1912 3 CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 5 CHAPTERS 1. Off to Missouri (August-December 1861) 17 "There was no one rejected." 2. The Pea Ridge Campaign (January-March 15, 1862) 61 "Lord but how we made things hum." 3. Missouri Interlude (March 16-June 1862) 87 "There is a great many sick [and] wounded." 4. Moving Along the Mississippi (July-December 1862) 111 "We will never have so much fun if we stay ten years in the service." 5. The Approach to Vicksburg (January-May 18, 1863) 149 "We have quite an army here." 6. Vicksburg and Jackson (May 19-July 26, 1863) 177 ". they are almost Starved and cant hold out much longer." 7. To Texas, via Indiana and Louisiana (July 27-December 1863) 201 "The sand blows very badly & everything we eat is full of sand." 8. Guard Duty along the Gulf (January-May 28, 1864 241 "A poor soldier obeys orders that is all." 9. To the Shenandoah and Home (May 29-September 1864) 277 "I was at the old John Brown Fortress where he made his stand for Liberty and Justice." 4 The picture can't be displayed. 5 INTRODUCTION Indiana played a significant role in the Civil War. Its contributions of men and material, surpassed by no other northern state on a percentage basis, were of enormous importance in the total war effort.
    [Show full text]
  • Hangar 4 the Battle of Britain Was One of the Major Turning Points of the Second World War
    Large print guide BATTLE OF BRITAIN Hangar 4 The Battle of Britain was one of the major turning points of the Second World War. From the airfield of Duxford to the skies over southern England, follow the course of the battle and discover the stories of the people who were there. Scramble Paul Day 2005 Scramble is a bronze maquette model for part of the Battle of Britain Monument in central London. The monument features many scenes relating to military and civilian life during the Battle of Britain. The centre piece, Scramble, shows pilots running toward their aircraft after receiving orders to intercept an incoming air attack. ZONE 1 Defeat in France May – June 1940 Britain and France declared war on Germany on 3 September 1939, two days after the country invaded Poland. Several months later, on 10 May 1940, Germany attacked Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands and France in a rapid ‘Blitzkrieg’ offensive. During a brief, but costly campaign, Britain deployed multiple Royal Air Force (RAF) squadrons to France. The aircraft were sent to support the British Expeditionary Force fighting on the ground and to counter Germany’s powerful air force, the Luftwaffe. Within 6 weeks, France had fallen. The remaining British, French and other Allied troops retreated to the coast, where over half a million were evacuated. The majority departed from the port of Dunkirk. On 22 June, France surrendered to Germany. Britain had lost its main ally and now found itself open to invasion. · 3 September 1939: Britain and France declare war on Germany · 10 May
    [Show full text]
  • Overview and Map Important Events and Information Key
    Overview and Map Important Events and Information Key Vocabulary On several occasions before the battle, the Germans What was the Battle of Britain? Rejection of tried to negotiate peace with Britain. However, Winston Negotiated Churchill (with popular support) refused. He made Nazi Germany The Battle of Britain was an important aerial battle in Peace several speeches rousing the British public to defend Dictatorship World War II, which started on July 10th 1940. with all their might against the attacking Germans. Europe ‘Eagle Attack’ was the name given to the first attacks After Hitler’s Nazi Germany had conquered most of on the RAF. They attempted to destroy Britain’s Radio Military Europe, including France, the only major country left for ‘Eagle Attack’ Detection and Ranging (Radar) capacity. Radar meant Aeroplane them to fight was Great Britain. that the RAF knew that German bombers were Fighter coming. The Luftwaffe failed to wipe them out. Bomber In order to attack Britain, the Germans knew that they This day took place on the 18th August 1940, on which both sides suffered huge losses. The Germans had Aerial would need to defeat Britain’s airforce. The Hardest attempted to launch a huge attack. Whilst twice as Day Blockade many Luftwaffe were shot down as RAF, many RAF The Battle of Britain pitted Germany’s Luftwaffe against Luftwaffe Britain’s Royal Airforce. bases were badly attacked. Battle of Britain Day is the name given to the large Royal Air Force Although the Luftwaffe had more planes and pilots, the aerial battle that took place on the 15th September The Blitz RAF was a formidable opponent.
    [Show full text]
  • Readers' Guide
    Breaking Point — Readers’ Guide Readers’ Guide Breaking Point — Readers’ Guide ABOUT THE NOVEL Hitler knows that he will have to break us in this Island or lose the war (Winston Churchill) The hour will come when one of us will break—and it will not be National Socialist Germany (Adolf Hitler) And now the hour has come … It is August, 1940. Hitler’s triumphant Third Reich has crushed all Europe—except Britain. As Hitler launch- es a massive aerial assault, only the heavily outnumbered Fighter Command and the iron will of Winston Churchill can stop him. Johnnie Shaux, a Spitfire fighter pilot, must summon up the fortitude to fly into conditions in which death is all but inevitable, and continue to do so until the inevitable occurs... Eleanor Rand, a brilliant Fighter Command mathematician, must find her role in a man’s world. She studies the control room map tracking the ebbs and flows of the conflict, and sees the glimmerings of a radical break- through… Breaking Point is based on actual events in the Battle of Britain. The story alternates between Johnnie, face to face with the enemy, and Eleanor, using ‘zero-sum’ mathematical theory to evolve a strategic model of the battle. Their parallel stories merge as the battle reaches its climax and they confront danger together. Breaking Point — Readers’ Guide ABOUT THE AUTHOR John Rhodes was born in World War II while his father was serving at an RAF Fighter Command airfield in southern England. After the war he grew up in London, where, he says, the shells of bombed-out buildings ‘served as our adventure playgrounds.’ Rhodes graduated from Cambridge University where he studied history.
    [Show full text]
  • 研究会記録 Why the Allies Won the Air War, 1939-1945
    Sabin Why the Allies Won the Air War, 1939-1945 研究会記録 Why the Allies Won the Air War, 1939-1945 Philip Sabin For nearly three decades, first in Queens’ College Cambridge and then in King’s College London, I shared a college with Richard Overy, one of the most eminent historians of World War Two. The title of this paper melds the titles of two of Overy’s most well-known books – The Air War, 1939-1945 from 1980, and Why the Allies Won from 1995.1 My aim is to review his arguments after a generation of further scholarship, and to see whether his insights retain their validity today.2 Two fundamental and inter-related scholarly debates may be identified with regard to the overall issue of Allied victory in World War Two. One concerns whether (as Paul Kennedy and John Ellis have suggested) Axis defeat was all but inevitable because of the overwhelming economic and industrial advantages of the Allies, or whether, as Overy himself argued strongly in Why the Allies Won, ‘There was nothing preordained about Allied success’ and ‘Materially rich, but divided, demoralised, and poorly led, the Allied coalition would have lost the war’.3 The second, related, debate concerns which aspect of this massive struggle was the most decisive. Norman Davies argued in 2006 that the devastating and bloody land war between the Axis powers and their totalitarian rivals in the USSR was the key to Axis defeat, and that the efforts of the Western democracies (especially in Europe) were little more than a sideshow in comparison.4 Phillips O’Brien, by contrast, argued in 2015 that the war was decided primarily by production, technology and economics rather than by blood-letting among massed armies, and that this made the air and sea contest in which the Western powers achieved growing dominance the most decisive aspect of the struggle, to the point that 1 R J Overy, The Air War, 1939-1945, (paperback edition, London: 1987), and Why the Allies Won, (London: 1995).
    [Show full text]
  • Note to Users Um I
    NOTE TO USERS This reproduction is the best copy available. UMI Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. "THE NEGRO IN AMERICAN FICTION" A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL of the UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI in candidacy for THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHT by THOMAS WARRINGTON GOSLING ?0. |CM April, 1911 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: DP16691 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI Microform DP16691 Copyright 2009 by ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PREFACE The purpose of. this study is to explain the use which American writers of fiction have madd of the negro. Whether their portrayal of him is true or false, it is not the province of a purely literary study to determine. Nor is it necessary to consider the so-called race problem except as that problem is discussed in these -works of fiction.
    [Show full text]
  • Supreme Air Command: the Development of Royal Air Force Practice in the Second World
    SUPREME AIR COMMAND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROYAL AIR FORCE COMMAND PRACTICE IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR By DAVID WALKER A Thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham For the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham January 2017 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis examines the development of RAF high command of the Metropolitan Air Force (MAF) during the Second World War. It sheds new light on the re-organisations of the Air Ministry in 1934, the RAF Command structure in 1936, and the tri-service debate in 1937 concerning the RAF proposal to establish a Supreme Air Commander (SAC). It reveals that while frontline expansion created an impetus for re-organisation, it was operational readiness that was the dominant factor in the re-structuring of the RAF. It examines the transition in RAF frontline organization from the mono-functional command system of 1936 to the multi- functional organisation that emerged after 1943 by looking at command structure and practice, personalities, and operational thinking.
    [Show full text]