Ffe Annals of the History of Computing, Volume 16,1994, Subject/Title Index (Author Index Appears on Page 104.)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Ffe Annals of the History of Computing, Volume 16,1994, Subject/Title Index (Author Index Appears on Page 104.) R Annegret Kehrbaum and Bernhard Korte, Computer Conservation Society, Issue 5, Spring 1993, “Reconstruktionen von Rechenmaschinen am For- pp. 23-31. schungsinstitut fur Diskrete Mathematik,” Bonner Uni- versit#s BlMer, 1993, pp. 49-73. The published form of a talk that outlines the history of the Altair, the Zilog Z80, the IMSAI, the IBM PC, and the An account of the program of replication of historic calcu- software-used with them. lating machines under way at the University of Bonn. 0 Ralph E. Weber, Masked Dispatches: Cryptograms Cl Peter H. Sachs, “Farewell to Berkeley UNIX,” UN/X and Cryptology in American History, 1775-1900, Center Review, Vol. 12, No. 5, May 1994, pp. 39-44. of Military History (E324), National Security Agency (Fort George G. Meade, Md. 20755-6000), 1993, 236 An account of the development of Unix at Berkeley from PP. 1974 until Berkeley’s last release of a version of the operat- ing system in 1993. Complimentary copies available while limited supply lasts. Weber’s account describes American cryptography before the widespread use of machines, let alone computers. 0 Tony Sale, “The Williams Tube Revisited,” Com- puter Resurrection: The Bulletin of the Computer Con- servation Society, Issue 5, Spring 1993, pp. 5-l 0. 0 Glenn Zorpette, “The Edison of Secret Codes,” Invention and Technology, Vol. 10, No. 1, Summer 1994, pp. 34-43. 0 Robin Shirley, “Altair and After: the Original PC An account of the life and cipher machines of the Ameri- Revolution,” Computer Resurrection: The Bulletin of the can inventor Edward Hebern (1869-1952). /ffE Annals of the History of Computing, Volume 16,1994, Subject/Title Index (Author Index appears on page 104.) 13th IFIP World Computer Conference Advanced Scientific Computer (ASC), No. I, Analog computation, No. I, 4 (Happenings), No. 3,57 49 Analytical Engine, No. 3, 5, 58, No. 4,6, 9 90th Birthday Wishes to George Robert AECL, see Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Analytical Engine, The (rev.), No. I, 80 Stibitz (title), No. 2, 3 No. 2,s Anderson-Fermi Computer, No. 4,6 1 Aiken, Howard, No. I, 64, No. 2, 51, No. 4, 12 Andrews, E.G., No. 2,6 A Airline reservations, No. I, 63 Annals of the History of Computing, No. 4, 80 ALGOL 60, No. 4,3 1 Annual Review in Automatic Programming, A Universal Computer Language (AUL), No. Algol, No. 4, 3 1 No. 3, 62 4,79 Algol-58, No. 3,48 Antonelli, Kay Mauchly, No. I, 32 A.M. Turing Award, No. 3, 57 Alice, John A., Lewis M. Branscomb, Harvey Antonelli, Severo, No. 1, 29 ABC, see Atanasoff-Berry Computer, No. I, Brooks, Ashton B. Carter, and Gerald L. Applied Mathematics Laboratory, No. 4,60 28 Epstein, Beyond Spinoff: Military and APT, see Automatic Programming Tool, No. Abramson, Norman, No. 4,82 Commercial Technologies in a Changing 3,42,53 ACE, see Automatic Computing Engine, No. World (rev.), No. 3, 12 Arabic drawings, No. 4,7 4,13 Alkema, T., No. 4,2 1 Arlington Hall Station, No. 4,77 ACM Awards (Happenings), No. 3,57 Allan, Stephen, No. 4,49 Arming American Scientists: NSF and the ACM Guide to Computing Literature, No. 4, Allouette satellite project, No. 2, 48 Provision of Scientific Computing Fa- 81 ALOHAnet, No. 4, 82 cilities for Universities, 1950-1973 (title), ACM Siggraph, No. 3, 54 Alpine, No. 3, 45 No. 4,60 ACM SIGPLAN History of Programming Alto Ethernet adapter, No. 4, 86 Arnborg, Stefan, No. 4, 34 Languages Conference, No. 4,80 Alto, No. 4, 83 Amoldi, Wilhelm, No. 3, 12 ACM, see Association for Computing Ma- Amdahl470, No. 2,70 ARPA, see Advanced Research Projects chinery, No. I, 28 American Airlines, No. I, 63, No. 2, 32 Agency, No. 4,64,12-73, 81 Adalia Ltd., No. 2, 32 Amicable Life Assurance Company, No. 3,6 ARPAnet, No. 4, 82 Advanced Micro Devices, No. 3,66 Ammann, Charles, No. I, 63 ASC, see Advanced Scientific Computer, No. Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), Amsterdam Municipal Museum, No. 3, 17 I, 49 No. 4,64,12-73, 8 1 ANIAPQ-24, No. 2,23 Ashcroft, Ed, No. 4,42 IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 16, No. 4, 1994 95 1994 Index Aspray, William (fig.), No. 4,14 Bell Telephone Laboratories, No. 2, 6 Cajole program (fig.), No. 4,5 1 Aspray, William, “The History of Computing Bell, Gordon, No. 4, 87 Cajole, No. 4, 5 1 within the History of Information Tech- Bemer, Robert, No. 4, 30 California Research Corporation, No. 2,67 nology” (rev.), No. 3, 71 Bendix Controls, Inc., No. 3,42 Campbell, Lloyd, No. I, 30 Aspray, William, ed., Technological Com- Bendix G-15, No. 4,70 Campbell, Robert V.D., No. 2,54 petitiveness: Contemporary and His- Beniger, James, No. 3, 15 Campbell-Kelly, Martin (fig.), No. 3, 14 torical Perspectives on the Electrical, Benton, Charles, Jr., No. 2, 69 Canada Research Council, No. 2,4 Electronics, and Computer Industries Berghorn, Chuck, No. 4, 19 Canadian Nattonal Telegraph, No. 2, 18, 33 (rev.), No. 4,92 Bergin, Thomas J. (Jim) (fig.), No. 4,5 Cannady, Cynthia, No. I, 36 Association for Computing Machinery BESM, No. I, 4, 8, 16 Capek, P.G., No. 4, 18 (ACM), No. I, 28 BESM-1, No. I, 6, 11 Car crash simulatron, No. I, 55 Association of SIMULA Users (ASU), No. 4,35 BESM-2, No. I, 4,6, 11, 18 Card catalog of genetically diseased persons, ASU, see Association of SIMULA Users, No. BESM-SM, No. I, 6 No. 3, 29 4,35 BESM-4, No. I, 6 Card-Programmed Calculator, No. 4,77 Atanasoff, John V., No. I, 28 BESM-6, No. I, 6 Cargill, Tom, No. 4,43 Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC), No. 1, 28 Bilas, Frances, No. I, 28,29, 32 Carrier sense multiple access with collision Atomic Energy Commissron, No. I, 49 BINAC, No. I, 26 detection (CSMA/CD), No. 4, 82 Atomic Energy of Canada Limtted (AECL), Binary adder tube (BAT), No. 2,60 Casciato, Len (fig.), No. 2, 9 No. 2, 5 Birtwistle, Graham, No. 4, 34 Casciato, Len, No. 2, 8, 9, 61 Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp, No. Bitterli, Charles V. (fig.), No. I, 3 1 Catalog of Jews (Judenkarteien), No. 3, 32 3,25 Bitterli, Charles V., No. I, 30 Catalog of the People (Volkskartet), No. 3, 3 1 Autocode, No. 2, 18 Bittinger, R., No. 4, 20 CDC 3000, No. 4,33 Automatic coding, No. 2, 16 Bletchley Park, No. 3, 4 CDC 3600, No. I,46 Automatic Computing Engme (ACE), No. 4, Block diagram of the Reservisor (fig.), No. 1, CDC 6600 (fig.), No. I, 47 13 65 CDC 6600, No. I, 46 Automatic Passenger Servtce System, No. 2, Boeing Aircraft, No. 3,42 CDC 7600, No. I, 41 33 Boeing Computer Services, No. 1, 55 CDC 8600, No. I, 48 Automatic Programmed Tool (APT), No. 3,42 Boggs, David R., No. 4,81, 84 CDC Cyber 180-835, No. 4, 50 Automatic Sequence Controlled Caculator Bolotsky, Gloria Golden, No. 1, 30 CDC Star-loo, No. 3, 54 (IBM ASCC), No. 1, 12 Booth, A.D., No. 4,26 CDC, see Control Data Corporation, No. 1,46 Autoscritcher, No. 3, 4 Bouchon, No. 4,7 Census machine (fig.), No. 3, 19 Aylor, James H., No. I, 3 Bowker, Geoffrey (fig.), No. 3, 3 Central Processing Department, No. 3,21 Boyle, William, No. 1, 30 Centre d’Etude et de Recherche de Toulouse B Breiter, Mark, No. I, 30 (ONERA-CERT), No. 4,40 Brinkley, Stuart, No. I, 36 Cerf, Vinton G., No. 4,87 Babbage River, No. 2, 53 British Association Section F, No. 3, 13 CFD, see Computational fluid dynamics, No. Babbage, Charles, No. 3, 5, No. 4,4, 8 Bromley, Alan, No. 4,9 I, 54 Babcicky, Karel, No. 4, 34 Brooke, H.J., No. 3, 11 Chadwick, Sir Edwm, No. 3, 13 Bachrach, Robert Z., No. 4, 85 Brooker, R.A., No. 2, 18 Chalk River, No. 2, 5, 10 Backus, John (fig.), No. 4,75 Brown, Austin Robert, Jr., No. 1, 30 Channell, David F., The Vital Machine: A Backus, John, No. 1, 71, No. 4,42, 44, 75 Browne, Herbert N. (Bud), No. I, 30 Study of Technology and Organic Life Badre, N., No. 4, 18 Brunelle, Robert, No. I, 30 (rev.), No. 2, 76 Bahrs, Andre, No. 4,39 Bull punched-card calculator, No. 4,26 Charles Babbage and the Assurance of Baily, Francis, No. 3, 5 Bullard, E.C., No. 2, 58 Lives (title), No. 3, 5 Baker, James, No. 2, 54 Bullatec, No. 3, 20 Charles Stark Draper Prize, No. 4,75 Ballistics Research Laboratory (fig.), No. I, 27 Bureau of the Budget, No. 4,66 Charles, J. Bashe, Lyle R. Johnson, John H. Ballistics Research Laboratory, No. I, 36, 73 Burks, Arthur W. (fig.), No. I, 26 Palmer, and Emerson W. Pugh, IBM’s Barnard, G.F., No. 4, 19 Burks, Arthur W., No. I, 12,27 Early Computers (rev.), No. 2, 73 Barrow, John, Pi in the Sky: Counting, Burroughs adding machines, No. 3, 19 Chedaker, Joseph (fig.), No. I, 26 Thinking, and Being (rev.), No. 4,88 Burroughs B5500, No. 4,32 Chemical applications, No. I, 55 Bartik, Betty, No. 1, 29, 31 Burroughs UDEC, No. 1,72 Chen, Steve, No. 1, 52 Bartolettt, Victor, No. 2, 69 Burroughs, No. 1, 52, No. 3, 16 Chirico, Matthew, No. I, 30 BASIC, No. 4,15 Bush, Vannevar, No. 1,4,12 Christensen, W., No. 4,20 Baskin, Herb, No. 3,65 Bush, Victoria, No.
Recommended publications
  • VOLUME V INFORMATIQUE NON AMERICAINE Première Partie Par L' Ingénieur Général De L'armement BOUCHER Henri TABLE
    VOLUME V INFORMATIQUE NON AMERICAINE Première partie par l' Ingénieur Général de l'Armement BOUCHER Henri TABLE DES MATIERES INFORMATIQUE NON AMERICAINE Première partie 731 Informatique européenne (statistiques, exemples) 122 700 Histoire de l'Informatique allemande 1 701 Petits constructeurs 5 702 Les facturières de Kienzle Data System 16 703 Les minis de gestion de Nixdorf 18 704 Siemens & Halske AG 23 705 Systèmes informatiques d'origine allemande 38 706 Histoire de l'informatique britannique 40 707 Industriels anglais de l'informatique 42 708 Travaux des Laboratoires d' Etat 60 709 Travaux universitaires 63 710 Les coeurs synthétisables d' ARM 68 711 Computer Technology 70 712 Elliott Brothers et Elliott Automation 71 713 Les machines d' English Electric Company 74 714 Les calculateurs de Ferranti 76 715 Les études de General Electric Company 83 716 La patiente construction de ICL 85 Catalogue informatique – Volume E - Ingénieur Général de l'Armement Henri Boucher Page : 1/333 717 La série 29 d' ICL 89 718 Autres produits d' ICL, et fin 94 719 Marconi Company 101 720 Plessey 103 721 Systèmes en Grande-Bretagne 105 722 Histoire de l'informatique australienne 107 723 Informatique en Autriche 109 724 Informatique belge 110 725 Informatique canadienne 111 726 Informatique chinoise 116 727 Informatique en Corée du Sud 118 728 Informatique à Cuba 119 729 Informatique danoise 119 730 Informatique espagnole 121 732 Informatique finlandaise 128 733 Histoire de l'informatique française 130 734 La période héroïque : la SEA 140 735 La Compagnie
    [Show full text]
  • The Computer Revolution in Canada: Building National Technological Competence
    Document généré le 25 sept. 2021 11:11 Scientia Canadensis Canadian Journal of the History of Science, Technology and Medicine Revue canadienne d'histoire des sciences, des techniques et de la médecine The Computer Revolution in Canada: Building National Technological Competence. By John N. Vardalas. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001. vi + 424 p., index. ISBN 0-262-22064-4 US$45.) Scott M. Campbell Volume 27, 2003 URI : https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/800471ar DOI : https://doi.org/10.7202/800471ar Aller au sommaire du numéro Éditeur(s) CSTHA/AHSTC ISSN 0829-2507 (imprimé) 1918-7750 (numérique) Découvrir la revue Citer ce compte rendu Campbell, S. M. (2003). Compte rendu de [The Computer Revolution in Canada: Building National Technological Competence. By John N. Vardalas. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001. vi + 424 p., index. ISBN 0-262-22064-4 US$45.)]. Scientia Canadensis, 27, 126–129. https://doi.org/10.7202/800471ar Tous droits réservés © Canadian Science and Technology Historical Association Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d’auteur. L’utilisation des / Association pour l'histoire de la science et de la technologie au Canada, 2005 services d’Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d’utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. https://apropos.erudit.org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/ Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit. Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l’Université de Montréal, l’Université Laval et l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche.
    [Show full text]
  • Computer Conservation Society
    Issue Number 52 Autumn 2010 Computer Conservation Society Aims and objectives The Computer Conservation Society (CCS) is a co-operative venture between the British Computer Society (BCS), the Science Museum of London and the Museum of Science and Industry (MOSI) in Manchester. The CCS was constituted in September 1989 as a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society. It is thus covered by the Royal Charter and charitable status of the BCS. The aims of the CCS are: To promote the conservation of historic computers and to identify existing computers which may need to be archived in the future, To develop awareness of the importance of historic computers, To develop expertise in the conservation and restoration of historic computers, To represent the interests of Computer Conservation Society members with other bodies, To promote the study of historic computers, their use and the history of the computer industry, To publish information of relevance to these objectives for the information of Computer Conservation Society members and the wider public. Membership is open to anyone interested in computer conservation and the history of computing. The CCS is funded and supported by voluntary subscriptions from members, a grant from the BCS, fees from corporate membership, donations, and by the free use of the facilities of both museums. Some charges may be made for publications and attendance at seminars and conferences. There are a number of active Projects on specific computer restorations and early computer technologies and software.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Construction and the British Computer Industry in the Post-World War II Period
    The rhetoric of Americanisation: Social construction and the British computer industry in the Post-World War II period By Robert James Kirkwood Reid Submitted to the University of Glasgow for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economic History Department of Economic and Social History September 2007 1 Abstract This research seeks to understand the process of technological development in the UK and the specific role of a ‘rhetoric of Americanisation’ in that process. The concept of a ‘rhetoric of Americanisation’ will be developed throughout the thesis through a study into the computer industry in the UK in the post-war period . Specifically, the thesis discusses the threat of America, or how actors in the network of innovation within the British computer industry perceived it as a threat and the effect that this perception had on actors operating in the networks of construction in the British computer industry. However, the reaction to this threat was not a simple one. Rather this story is marked by sectional interests and technopolitical machination attempting to capture this rhetoric of ‘threat’ and ‘falling behind’. In this thesis the concept of ‘threat’ and ‘falling behind’, or more simply the ‘rhetoric of Americanisation’, will be explored in detail and the effect this had on the development of the British computer industry. What form did the process of capture and modification by sectional interests within government and industry take and what impact did this have on the British computer industry? In answering these questions, the thesis will first develop a concept of a British culture of computing which acts as the surface of emergence for various ideologies of innovation within the social networks that made up the computer industry in the UK.
    [Show full text]
  • Differential Analyzer Method of Computation Introduction.—Two Fundamentally Different Approaches Have Been Developed in Using Machines As Aids to Calculating
    automatic computing machinery 41 142[L].—K. Higa, Table of I u~l exp { - (\u + u~2)}du. One page type- written manuscript. Deposited in the UMT File. The table is for X = .01,.012(.004).2(.1)1(.5)10. The values are given to 3S. L. A. Aroian Hughes Aircraft Co. Culver City, California 143p/].—Y. L. Luke. Tables of an Incomplete Bessel Function. 13 pages photostat of manuscript tables. Deposited in the UMT File. The tables refer to the function jn(p,0) = exp [incos<j>\ cos n<pdt¡>. Values are given to 9D for « = 0, 1, 2 cos 0 = - .2(.1).9 = 49co/51,w = 0(.04).52. There are also auxiliary tables. The tables are intended to be applied to aerodynamic flutter calculations with Mach number .7. Y. L. Luke Midwest Research Institute Kansas City, Missouri AUTOMATIC COMPUTING MACHINERY Edited by the Staff of the Machine Development Laboratory of the National Bureau of Standards. Correspondence regarding the Section should be directed to Dr. E. W. Cannon, 415 South Building, National Bureau of Standards, Washington 25, D. C. Technical Developments Fundamental Concepts of the Digital Differential Analyzer Method of Computation Introduction.—Two fundamentally different approaches have been developed in using machines as aids to calculating. These have come to be known as analog and digital approaches. There have been many definitions given for the two systems but the most common ones differentiate between the use of physical quantities and numbers to perform the required automatic calculations. In solving problems where addition, subtraction, division and multipli- cation are clearly indicated by the numerical nature of the problem and the data, a digital machine for computation is appropriate.
    [Show full text]
  • History in the Computing Curriculum
    R e p o r t History in the Computing Curriculum I F I P TC 3 / TC 9 Joint Task Group John Impagliazzo (Task Group Chair) Hofstra University Martin Campbell-Kelly University of Warwick Gordon Davies Open University John A. N. Lee Virginia Tech Michael R. Williams University of Calgary Prepublication Copy 1998 October Copyright © 1998, 1999 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. This report is scheduled to appear in an upcoming issue of the Annals of the History of Computing. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by sending an email request to <[email protected]>. HISTORY IN THE COMPUTING CURRICULUM Prepublication Copy 1998 October CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 9. RESOURCES 9.1 Textbooks and General Works 2. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 9.2 Monographs and Articles 9.3 Electronic Information 3. OVERVIEW OF THIS REPORT 9.4 Videos, Simulators, and Other Resources 4. BACKGROUND 10. EXTENDED TOPICS 4.1 Overview of Curriculum Recommendations 10.1 Advanced Courses 4.2 History Status 10.2 Projects 5. NEED FOR HISTORY CONTENT 11. CONCLUSIONS 5.1 The Student Perspective 5.2 The Professional Perspective 12. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 6. CURRICULUM CONTENT 6.1 Establishing a Knowledge Base ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 6.2 Methods of Presentation 6.2.1 The Period Method REFERENCES 6.2.2 Other Methods 6.3 Depth of Knowledge PUBLIC ACCESS 6.4 Clusters APPENDIX 7. IMPLEMENTATION OF A BASIC CURRICULUM A.
    [Show full text]
  • IEEE Annals of the History of Computing Published by the IEEE Computer Society 1058-6180/03/$17.00 © 2003 IEEE Ed in a Readable, Engaging Fashion, Full of the David L
    Reviews Raul Rojas, Editor Free University of Berlin Gerovitch, Slava, From Newspeak to Cyberspeak: A of scientific objectivity, characterized by rigorous think- History of Soviet Cybernetics, MIT Press, 2002, ISBN 0- ing, logical clarity, and quantitative precision. Aleksei 262-07232-7, 383 pp., $37.95. Lyapunov (recipient of an IEEE Computer Pioneer Award Slava Gerovitch’s From Newspeak to Cyberspeak: A in 1996) was an indefatigable proponent of the notion History of Soviet Cybernetics is a marvelous account of the that cybernetics could provide a single overarching con- history of Soviet cybernetics, from its roots in the work ceptual framework, methodology, and terminology for use of Norbert Wiener and Andrei Kolmogorov on control in the entire family of life and social sciences. Through the systems through its rise in Soviet society in the 1950s and efforts of the politically savvy former Deputy Defense 1960s, and its fall in the 1970s. Throughout, Gerovitch Minister Aksel Berg, cybernetics rose to prominence with- examines his subject through the distinctive, yet extreme- in the Academy of Sciences and was included in the 1961 ly appropriate lens of language. A proper understanding Program of the Communist Party as one of the sciences of science and technology anywhere in the world must crucial to the construction of communism. consider the interweaving influences of political, ideo- Soviet cybernetics became a victim of its own success. logical, economic, and social factors. Adding language to Cyberneticists sought to broaden the application of this mix is particularly appropriate in a study of science cybernetics to government and management, proposing and technology in the Soviet context, where the rules of an ambitious plan for nationwide, optimal planning and discourse provided the public stage within which all management.
    [Show full text]
  • The Trackball, a Related Pointing Device, Was Invented in 1941 By
    The trackball, a related pointing device, was invented in 1941 by Ralph Benjamin as part of a World War II-era fire-control radar plotting system called Comprehensive Display System (CDS). Benjamin was then working for the British Royal NavyScientific Service. Benjamin's project used analog computers to calculate the future position of target aircraft based on several initial input points provided by a user with a joystick. Benjamin felt that a more elegant input device was needed and invented a ball tracker called "roller ball", for this purpose.[5][6] The device was patented in 1947,[6] but only a prototype using a metal ball rolling on two rubber- coated wheels was ever built, and the device was kept as a military secret.[5] Another early trackball was built by British electrical engineer Kenyon Taylor in collaboration with Tom Cranston and Fred Longstaff. Taylor was part of the original Ferranti Canada, working on the Royal Canadian Navy's DATAR (Digital Automated Tracking and Resolving) system in 1952.[7] DATAR was similar in concept to Benjamin's display. The trackball used four disks to pick up motion, two each for the X and Y directions. Several rollers provided mechanical support. When the ball was rolled, the pickup discs spun and contacts on their outer rim made periodic contact with wires, producing pulses of output with each movement of the ball. By counting the pulses, the physical movement of the ball could be determined. A digital computer calculated the tracks, and sent the resulting data to other ships in a task force using pulse-code modulation radio signals.
    [Show full text]
  • Ministry of Defence Acronyms and Abbreviations
    Acronym Long Title 1ACC No. 1 Air Control Centre 1SL First Sea Lord 200D Second OOD 200W Second 00W 2C Second Customer 2C (CL) Second Customer (Core Leadership) 2C (PM) Second Customer (Pivotal Management) 2CMG Customer 2 Management Group 2IC Second in Command 2Lt Second Lieutenant 2nd PUS Second Permanent Under Secretary of State 2SL Second Sea Lord 2SL/CNH Second Sea Lord Commander in Chief Naval Home Command 3GL Third Generation Language 3IC Third in Command 3PL Third Party Logistics 3PN Third Party Nationals 4C Co‐operation Co‐ordination Communication Control 4GL Fourth Generation Language A&A Alteration & Addition A&A Approval and Authorisation A&AEW Avionics And Air Electronic Warfare A&E Assurance and Evaluations A&ER Ammunition and Explosives Regulations A&F Assessment and Feedback A&RP Activity & Resource Planning A&SD Arms and Service Director A/AS Advanced/Advanced Supplementary A/D conv Analogue/ Digital Conversion A/G Air‐to‐Ground A/G/A Air Ground Air A/R As Required A/S Anti‐Submarine A/S or AS Anti Submarine A/WST Avionic/Weapons, Systems Trainer A3*G Acquisition 3‐Star Group A3I Accelerated Architecture Acquisition Initiative A3P Advanced Avionics Architectures and Packaging AA Acceptance Authority AA Active Adjunct AA Administering Authority AA Administrative Assistant AA Air Adviser AA Air Attache AA Air‐to‐Air AA Alternative Assumption AA Anti‐Aircraft AA Application Administrator AA Area Administrator AA Australian Army AAA Anti‐Aircraft Artillery AAA Automatic Anti‐Aircraft AAAD Airborne Anti‐Armour Defence Acronym
    [Show full text]
  • Scalar Dimensions of Non-Market Governance in Knowledge Economies
    SCALAR DIMENSIONS OF NON-MARKET GOVERNANCE IN KNOWLEDGE ECONOMIES A LOOK AT THE MICROELECTRONICS INDUSTRY IN THE GREATER TORONTO REGION Tijs Creutzberg Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Political Science, University of Toronto [email protected] Paper prepared for: The 2005 CPSA Annual Conference, London, Ontario, June 2-4th. Abstract This paper examines the non-market governance processes that have strategically supported and shaped the microelectronics industry in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). With focus on governance actors from each level of the state from the early stages of the industry’s development, the analysis shows how the federal level, once central to early strategic investments, has become increasingly less of a participant. Such a finding is in keeping with the claim by Swyngedouw (2003) and others, that advanced economies are experience a rescaling as a result of knowledge intensification whereby the networks involved in coordinating the economy are less dominated by the national level and increasingly animated by actors and institutions at the local and regional levels. Within the GTA, however, strategic economic coordination at the local level has been far from coherent, leaving a void in multilevel governance pattern that supports this important industry. There is some indication that this may be changing. In recognition of the importance of local level in localizing strategic investments, creating institutional supports for firm creation and growth, and in shaping the socio-economic environment, several new actors have emerged recently with locally focused strategic intentions. Given the many institutional barriers within the GTA, both cultural and political, it is far from clear, however, whether such developments will ever transpire into an integrated ‘economic community’ capable of responding continually to the restlessness of knowledge intensive industries.
    [Show full text]
  • Lecture 11. Computing in Canada Part 1: in the Beginning
    Lecture 11. Computing in Canada Part 1: in the beginning Informal and unedited notes, not for distribution. (c) Z. Stachniak, 2011-2012. Note: in cases I were unable to find the primary source of an image or determine whether or not an image is copyrighted, I have specified the source as ”unknown”. I will provide full information about images and/or obtain reproduction rights when such information is available to me. Introduction There has been a considerable effort in many countries to set up cultural and research institutions to preserve for posterity computer artifacts that document the cultural history of the information age. The mission of these institutions is to showcase the outstanding contributions of these nations to the development of computer and information technologies. The list of such institutions is long and includes: the Charles Babbage Institute (USA), the Computer History Museum (USA), the Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum (Germany), German Museum of Tech- nology (Germany), Computer Museum, Achen (Germany), The National Museum of Computing (UK), The Centre for Computer History (UK), the Computer Museum at Bletchley Park (UK), ACONIT computer museum (France), Computer Museum and Archive, Paris (France), Computer Mu- seum of the University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands), the Finish Data Processing Museum Association (Finland), the Computer Museum of the Japanese Information Processing Society, Monash Museum of Computing (Australia), the Canada Science and Technology Museum (Canada), York University Computer Museum (Canada). 1 Fig. 1. Two world’s largest computer museums: Computer History Museum in Santa Clara, CA (top, source: unknown), and Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum, Paderborn, Ger- many (bottom, source: Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum).
    [Show full text]
  • Naming Early Mice Variants
    In computing, a mouse is a pointing device that functions by detecting two-dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface. Physically, a mouse consists of an object held under one of the user's hands, with one or more buttons. The mouse sometimes features other elements, such as "wheels", which allow the user to perform various system-dependent operations, or extra buttons or features that can add more control or dimensional input. The mouse's motion typically translates into the motion of a pointer on a display, which allows for fine control of a graphical user interface. Naming The earliest known publication of the term mouse as a computer pointing device is in Bill English's 1965 publication "Computer-Aided Display Control". Early mice The trackball, a related pointing device, was invented by Tom Cranston, Fred Longstaff and Kenyon Taylor working on the Royal Canadian Navy's DATAR project in 1952. It used a standard Canadian five- pin bowling ball. It was not patented, as it was a secret military project. Variants Mechanical mice German company Telefunken published on their early ball mouse, called "Rollkugel" (German for "rolling ball"), on October 2, 1968. The ball mouse replaced the external wheels with a single ball that could rotate in any direction. It came as part of the hardware package of the Xerox Alto computer. Perpendicular chopper wheels housed inside the mouse's body chopped beams of light on the way to light sensors, thus detecting in their turn the motion of the ball. This variant of the mouse resembled an inverted trackball and became the predominant form used with personal computers throughout the 1980s and 1990s.
    [Show full text]