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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05246-8 - The Cambridge Companion to: American Science Fiction Edited by Eric Carl Link and Gerry Canavan Index More information

INDEX

Aarseth, Espen, 139 agency panic, 49 Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein (fi lm, Agents of SHIELD (television, 2013–), 55 1948), 113 Alas, Babylon (Frank, 1959), 184 Abbott, Carl, 173 Aldiss, Brian, 32 Abrams, J.J., 48 , 119 Alexie, Sherman, 55 Abyss, The (fi lm, Cameron 1989), 113 Alias (television, 2001–06, 48 Acker, Kathy, 103 Alien (fi lm, Scott 1979), 116 , 175 , 198 Ackerman, Forrest J., 21 alien encounters Adam Strange (comic book), 131 abduction by aliens, 36 Adams, Neal, 132 , 133 Afrofuturism and, 60 Adventures of Superman, The (radio alien abduction narratives, 184 broadcast, 1946), 130 alien invasion narratives, 45–50 , 115 , 184 African American science fi ction. assimilation of human bodies, 115 , 184 See also Afrofuturism ; race assimilation/estrangement dialectic African American utopianism, 59 , 88–90 and, 176 black agency in Hollywood SF, 116 global consciousness and, 1 black genius fi gure in, 59 , 60 , 62 , 64 , indigenous futurism and, 177 65 , 67 internal “Aliens R US” motif, 119 blackness as allegorical SF subtext, 120 natural disasters and, 47 blaxploitation fi lms, 117 post-9/11 reformulation of, 45 1970s revolutionary themes, 118 reverse colonization narratives, 45 , 174 nineteenth century SF and, 60 in space operas, 23 sexuality and, 60 Superman as alien, 128 , 129 Afrofuturism. See also African American sympathetic treatment of aliens, 38 , 39 , science fi ction ; race 50 , 60 overview, 58 War of the Worlds and, 1 , 3 , 143 , 172 , 174 African American utopianism, 59 , 88–90 wars with alien races, 3 , 7 , 23 , 39 , 40 Afrodiasporic magic in, 65 Alien Nation (fi lm, Baker 1988), 119 black racial superiority in, 61 Alien Nation (television, 1989–1990), 120 future race war theme, 62 , 64 , 89 , 95n17 Alien Trespass (fi lm, 2009), 46 near-future focus in, 61 Alien vs. Predator (fi lm series), 122 non-African American authors, 66 Alif the Unseen (Wilson, 2012), 93 post-1960s proponents, 63 Allied Media Conference, 80 race as central theme, 61 Almanac of the Dead (Silko, 1991), 174 technoscientifi c genius fi gure in, 59 , 60 , Almuric (Howard, 1939), 31 62 , 64 , 65 , 67 Alphaville (fi lm, Godard 1965), 28 , 117 Again, Dangerous Visions (Ellison, 1972), 36 Altered States (fi lm, Russell 1980), 119 Age of Miracles, The (Walker, 2012), 216 Alternate Reality Games (ARG), 146

229

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05246-8 - The Cambridge Companion to: American Science Fiction Edited by Eric Carl Link and Gerry Canavan Index More information

Index

Always Coming Home (Le Guin, 1985), Anthropy, Anna, 142 95n13 , 177 apocalyptic/post-apocalyptic themes. Amadahy, Zainab, 55 , 93 See also dystopianism Amadahy’s Resistance (Wilson, 2013), 94 in Cormac McCarthy, 106 Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay, postapocalyptic settings as neoliberal The (Chabon, 2000), 105 reality, 207 Amazing Stories (pulp magazine, post-nuclear future and, 172 , 179 , 184 Gernsback,1926–) post-World War II apocalyptic emergence of American SF in, 5 anxieties, 184 fan community of, 20 , 154 in twenty-fi rst century television, 122 founding of, 8 , 18 , 141 in zombie fi ction, 10 international popularity of, 21 Apperley, Thomas H., 139 literary and scientifi c merits, 20 Aqueduct Press, 80 promotion of SF in, 18 Arendt, Hannah, 180 , 188 social ideology in, 128 Argosy (pulp magazine), 194 Amberstone, Celu, 55 Arkham House, 198 American Flagg! (comic book), 134 Around the Moon (Verne, 1870), 2 American Horror Story (television, 2011-), 202 “Artist of the Beautiful, The” (Hawthorne, American science fi ction (history and 1844), 7 development) Asimov, Isaac overview, 4 Campbell infl uence on, 26 Afrofuturism role in, 58 career, 22 American Vernian fi ction, 9 as Futurian, 154 American weird, 196 , 201 , 202 New Wave writings of, 34 blurring of literary boundaries and, 107 space as frontier in, 9 , 171 “death of SF” period, 27 superhero narratives in, 129 development of, 99 teleportation in, 182 early twentieth century boom, 8 WORKS : European origins of, 4 , 6 Robot stories and novels (1939–93), 34 global spread of, 17 , 27 , 28 Foundation novels (1951–93), 34 , intellectualization of, 26 129 , 182 New Wave infl uence in, 27 Asimov’s (magazine), 63 nineteenth century examples, 6 , 8 Asteroids (video game, 1979), 143 rational individualism in, 127 Astounding Science Fiction (magazine, orig. Reagan-era U.S. decline and, 133 Astounding Stories , 1930), 25 , 129 SF term coining, 5 Astounding She-Monster, The (fi lm, Ashcroft superhero narrative in, 126 1957), 115 technological optimism in, 34 astrofuturism, 170 urgency in contemporary U.S., 10 At the Mountains of Madness (Lovecraft, views of science and, 18 1936), 202 Amerika (television miniseries, 1987), 120 Atlas Comics, 131 Ames, Nathaniel, 6 Attack of the 50 Foot Woman (fi lm, Juran Amis, Kinglsey, 34 1958), 115 Ammonite (Griffi th, 1993), 72 , 95n13 Atterbery, Brian, 129 Amnesia (video game, 2010), 202 Atwood, Margaret Amnesia Moon (Lethem, 1995), 104 dystopian future in, 53 , 106 Analogue: A Hate Story (visual novel, feminist themes in, 39 , 74 2012), 145 on slipstream SF, 108 Anarchy Online (MMORPG, 2001), 146 WORKS : Anderson, Poul, 19 The Handmaid’s Tale (1985), 39 , “Angriest Dog in the World, The” (comic 43n10 , 74 , 95n13 strip, 1983–92), 202 MaddAddam trilogy (2003–2013), 53 Another Earth (fi lm, Cahill 2011), 123 Oryx and Crake (2003), 106 230

Index

Austen, Jane, 160 Baum, Frank L., 7 Auster, Paul, 51 Baxter, John, 114 Avatar (fi lm, Cameron 2009), 49 , 113 , Bay, Michael, 190 150 , 175 Bear, Greg, 42 , 190–91 Avengers (comic book), 134 , 135 Beast from 20, 000 Fathoms, The (fi lm, Avengers, The (fi lm, Whedon 2012), 46 , 135 Lourié 1953), 114 Avengers, The (television, 1961–69), 50 Beast, The (ARG, 2001), 146 awakening-from-simulacrum stories, 44 Beck, Clyde F., 24 awards Beggars in Spain (fi lm, Kress 1993), 190 Campbell Award, 80 Bel Dame Apocrypha (Hurley, 2011–12), 93 Carl Brandon Parallax Award, 69n27 Bell, Derrick, 64 Clarke Award, 80 , 107 Bellamy, Edward, 7 , 58 , 85 , 87 Hugo Award, 63 , 80 , 100 , 105 Bender, Aimee, 51 Kindred Award, 63 Benford, Gregory, 42 Locus Award, 104–5 “Benjamin’s Freedom Magic” (Jones, MacArthur Foundation Genius Grant, 2013), 66 69n18 Berg, Paul, 187 NAACP Image Award, 69n18 Berlant, Lauren, 207 , 211 Nebula Award, 63 , 80 , 100 , 103 , 104–5 Bester, Alfred, 32 , 126 , 182 Parallax Award, 63 Beukes, Lauren, 3 , 55 Pulitzer Prize, 105 , 106 Bierce, Ambrose, 8 , 196 , 200 Stonewall Book Award, 69n18 “Big Space Fuck, The” (Vonnegut, 1972), 36 Tiptree Award, 39 , 80 Binder, Eando, 21 Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Bionic Heart (visual novel, 2009), 145 Africa, 69n27 Bionic Woman, The (television, World Fantasy Award, 63 , 69n27 , 105 1976–1978), 119 “Aye, and Gomorrah” (Delany, 1967), 37 BioShock (digital game, 2007), 147 Bioshock Infi nite (digital game, 2013), 145 Babel-17 (Samuel R. Delany, 1966), 63 , 64 “Birthmark, The” (Hawthorne, 1843), 7 Babylon 5 (television, 1994–98), 122 , 159 Black Commandos, The (Moreau, 1967), 90 Bachelder, Chris, 95n10 Black Empire (Schuyler, 1936–38), 60 , Bacigalupi, Paolo, 53 , 208–11 , 216 62 , 89 Back to the Future (fi lm series, 1985–), 119 Black No More (Schuyler, 1932), 60 , 89 Bacon-Smith, Camille, 157 Black to the Future conference, 63 Baer, Ralph, 143 Blackest Night (comic book, Bage, Robert, 84 2009–2010), 136 Ballard, J.G., 27 , 32 , 104 , 199 Blackwood, Algernon, 195 , 200 Bankier, Amanda, 79 Blade Runner (fi lm, Scott 1982), 37 , Banneker, Benjamin, 62 119 , 189 Barnes, Steve, 63 , 64 , 69n18 Blair Witch Project, The (fi lm, 1999), 202 Barron, Louis and Bebe, 113 Blake, or the Huts of America (Delany, Barthelme, Donald, 36 1859), 59 , 60 Batman (comic book), 130 , 132 , 134 Blake’s 7 (television, 1978–81), 160 Batman (fi lm, 1943), 113 Blavatsky, Helena, 196 Batman (fi lm, Burton 1989), 120 Blish, James, 176 Batman Begins (fi lm, 2005), 47 Bloch, Ernst, 83 , 92 Battle: Los Angeles (fi lm, 2011), 150 Bloch, Robert, 195 Battlestar Galactica (television, Blomkamp, Neill, 56 1978–1979), 119 “Bloodchild” (Butler, 1984), 41 , 63 , 64 Battlestar Galactica (television, 2003–09), Blow, Jonathan, 141 46 , 50 , 122 , 160 Boats of “Glen Carrig,” The (Hodgson, Baudelaire, Charles, 203 1907), 201 Baudrillard, Jean, 121 Bodard, Aliette de, 55 231

Index

Body Snatchers, The (Finney, 1955), Buffy the Vampire Slayer (television, 184 , 189 1997–2003), 159 , 160 Bogost, Ian, 144 Bug Jack Barron (Spinrad, 1969), 32 Book of the New Sun (Wolfe, Bujold, Lois McMaster, 40 , 42 , 75 1980–1983), 42 Burdekin, Katharine (Murray Constantine), Borden, Lizzie, 79 81n10 Born in Flames (fi lm, Borden 1985), 79 Bureau: XCOM Declassifi ed, The (video Bould, Mark, 51 , 53 , 54 , 68n7 game, 2013), 46 Bourdieu, Pierre, 160 Burns, Charles, 202 Bova, Ben, 87 Burroughs, Edgar Rice, 8 , 17 , 126 , 169 “Boy and His Dog, A” (Ellison, 1969), Burroughs, William S., 100 , 103 35 , 172 Buscema, Sal, 133 Boy and His Dog, A (fi lm, 1975), 172 Busse, Kristina, 157 , 158 Boys from Brazil, The (fi lm, Schaffner Butler, Judith, 72 1978), 118 Butler, Octavia E, Boys, The (comic book, 2006–2012), 136 as Afrofuturist writer, 63 Bradbury, Ray biotechnology in, 189 conservative content in, 31 critical dystopia in, 92 dystopian satire in, 90 critical recognition of, 41 early popular success of, 99 feminist themes in, 74 fandom infl uence on, 22 infl uence on science studies, 79 as pioneer American SF writer, 32 MacArthur Foundation Genius Grant, polluted Martian landscape in, 184 69n18 as pulp SF writer, 195 media justice activism and, 80 WORKS : outer space as frontier in, 9 “The Creatures That Time Forgot” in SF survey courses, 3 (1946), 31 species predation in, 175 The Martian Chronicles (1950), 184 WORKS : Fahrenheit 451 (1953), 90 Patternmaster series (1976–84), 64 Braid (digital game, 2008), 141 , 146 Kindred (1979), 41 “Brick Moon, The” (Hale, 1869), 8 “Bloodchild” (1984), 41 , 63 , 64 Brief and Frightening Reign of Phil, The Xenogenesis trilogy (1989, renamed (Saunders, 2005), 51 Lilith’s Brood in 2000), 41 , 64 , 76 , Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, The 175 , 189 (Díaz, 2007), 93 , 106 The Parable of the Sower (1993), 74 , 92 , Brin, David, 42 214–16 British science fi ction, 2 , 27 The Parable of the Talents (1998), 92 Broderick, Damien, 34 Fledgling (2005), 64 Brooke, Frances, 84 Brooks, Max, 46 , 53 Cabin in the Woods, The (fi lm, 2012), 202 Brooks, Mel, 212 “Call of Cthulhu,, The” (Lovecraft, 1928), Brother from Another Planet, The (fi lm, 196 , 198 Sayles 1984), 119 Callenbach, Ernest, 91 Brown, Charles Brockden, 196 , 202 Calvino, Italo, 104 Brown Girl in the Ring (Hopkinson, Cameron, James, 49 , 116 1998), 93 Campbell Award, 80 Buck Rogers (daily comic strip, 1929–1967), Campbell, Bill, 64 25 , 87 , 127 , 169 Campbell, John W., Jr, Buck Rogers (fi lm, 1939), 113 astrofuturism in, 170 Buck Rogers (fi lm series), 25 continuing infl uence of, 28 Buck Rogers (television, 1979–1981), 119 intellectualization of SF and, 25 , 31 Buckell, Tobias, 66 space opera development and, 23 “Buffalo” (Kessel, 1991), 42 U.S. SF ascendancy and, 18 , 58 232

Index

WORKS : chronopolitical intervention, 58 , 64 “Space Rays” (1932), 23 , 25 “City of the Singing Flame, The” (Smith, The Mightiest Machine (1934–1935), 25 1931), 202 “Twilight” (1934), 25 Civil War (comic book, 2006–2007), 136 “Who Goes There? “ (1938), 25 Clarke, Arthur C, Canticle for Liebowitz, A (Miller, 1959), 184 American SF infl uence on, 27 capitalism. See also class ; economy on futurist technology, 66 aspirational debt as cruel optimism, Gernsback SF formulation and, 19 211 , 214 human evolution and, 182 economic collapse of 2008, 122 space as frontier in, 171 frontier thesis and, 168 WORKS : global wealth inequality, 55 Childhood’s End (1953), 182 late-capitalist perpetual emergency culture, Rendezvous with Rama (1973), 103 45 , 52 Clarke Award, 80 , 107 nineteenth century pro-capitalist SF, 7 class. See also capitalism ; economy patented life forms and, 188 bioslavery and, 188 post-9/11 privatization/divestment and, early Superman as populist crusader, 128 209 , 212 , 214 , 215 economic collapse of 2008, 122 post-9/11 subjectivity and, 45 elite SF biopolitical regime, 54 science-fi ctionalization of everyday life genetic engineering and, 190 and, 52 global poverty as SF theme, 56 Capricorn One (fi lm, Hyams 1977), 118 global wealth inequality, 55 Captain America (comic book, 1941–), 125 , neoliberal anxieties in SF fi lm, 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 134 , 135 122–23 , 206 Captain America (fi lm, 1943), 113 Reagan-era dissent in SF fi lm, 119 Captain America: Winter Soldier (fi lm, Clement, Hal, 19 Anthony and Joe Russo 2014), 135 Clinton, Bill, 214 Captain Blackman (Williams, 1972), 89–90 Clockwork Orange, A (fi lm, Kubrick Captain Future (1940–1944), 24 1972), 113 Captain Marvel (comic book), 129 Close Encounters of the Third Kind (fi lm, Captain Video and His Video Rangers Spielberg 1977), 113 , 118 (television, 1949–1955), 114 Cloud Atlas (fi lm, 2012), 53 “Captive Audience” (Griffi th, 1953), 90 Cloud Atlas (Mitchell, 2004), 53 Card, Orson Scott, 40 Cloverfi eld (fi lm, 2008), 46–47 Carl Brandon Parallax Award, 69n27 Coetzee, J.M., 101 Carl Brandon Society, 63 Cohen, Harold, 7 Carnacki, The Ghost Finder (Hodgson, Cold War. See also wars and violence 1913), 201 alien invasion narratives and, 185 Carpenter, John, 119 digital games and, 147 Carson, Rachel, 182 , 187 dystopian satire and, 91 Carter, Angela, 101 fear of communism and, 115 Cat’s Cradle (Vonnegut, 1963), 36 , 100 nuclear arms race, 172 , 184 Chabon, Michael, 51 , 105 , 107 pessimism in SF and, 34 Chambers, Robert W., 200 security state emergence and, 210 Chaplin, Charlie, 112 superhero narrative during, 130 Charisma (Barnes, 2003), 64 U.S. victimology in, 48 Charnas, Suzy McKee, 74 , 75 , 95n13 Vietnam-era superheroes, 35 , 132–33 Chaykin, Howard, 134 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 84 , 201 Cherryh, C. J., 42 Collins, Suzanne, 211–13 Chiang, Ted, 51 , 176 colonialism/imperialism. See imperialism/ Childhood’s End (Clarke, 1953), 182 colonialism China Mountain Zhang (McHugh, 1992), 42 Columbus of Spa, A ( (Serviss, 1909), 9 Chromosome 6 (fi lm, Cook 1997), 190 “Comet, The” (Du Bois, 1920), 61 233

Index

Comet, The (fanzine, 1930–), 21 , 154 post-9/11 departure from, 52 Comic-Con, 158 postmodernism and, 103 comics “Cyborg Manifesto” (Haraway, 1991), 79 “Bronze Age” 1970s superheroes, 132 cyborgs, 79 , 102 , 119 Cold War “Silver Age” of, 130 Comics Code content restrictions, Daemon (digital game, 2006), 150 137n13 , 202 Dangerous Visions (Ellison, 1967), 11 , “Golden Age” designation, 130 33 , 35 post-Cold War “Dark Age,” 134 Danielewski, Mark Z., 202 response to 9/11, 135 Danvers, Dennis, 93 as serious art, 105 Daredevil (comic book), 131 , 133 space opera comic series, 25 Dark Angel (television, 2000–2002), 122 superhero narrative, 126 , 127 Dark City (fi lm, Proyax 1998), 44 , 121 World War II patriotism in, 125 Dark Knight Returns, The (comic book), 134 “Coming of Age in Karhide” (Le Guin, Dark Knight trilogy (fi lm, 2005, 2008, 1995), 76 2012), 135 “Common Time” (Blish, 1953), 176 Dark Matter: A Century of Speculative Computer Space (arcade video game, Fiction from the African Diaspora 1971), 143 (Thomas, 2000), 63 Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, Dark Princess (Du Bois, 1928), 61 , 89 A (fi lm, 1949), 113 Darrow, Jack, 21 Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, Darwin, Charles, 7 A (Twain, 1889), 8 Darwin’s Children (Bear, 2003), 191 “Conquest of Two Worlds, A” (Hamilton, Darwin’s Radio (Bear, 1990), 191 1932), 169 Daughters of A Coral Dawn (Forrest, 1984), Constantine, Murray (Katharine Burdekin), 72 , 95n13 81n10 Davis, Chan, 87 Cook, Robin, 190 Davis, Doug, 101 Cooper, James Fenimore, 85 Davis, Milton R., 63 Coppa, Francesca, 156 Day After Tomorrow, The (fi lm, Emmerich Corman, Roger, 115 2004), 122 Cosmic Chasm (video game, 1982), 143 “Day Million” (Pohl, 1966), 33 , 35 cosplay, 156 Day of the Dolphins, The (fi lm, Nichols Cotton, John, 85 1973), 118 Counting Heads (Marusek, 2005), 54 Day the Earth Stood Still, The (fi lm, 2008), Coyote Jones series (Elgin, 1970–86), 95n13 46 , 182 Crane, Stephen, 8 Day the Earth Stood Still, The (fi lm, Wise Crazies, The (fi lm, Romero 1973), 117 1951), 115 Creation Entertainment, 158 Day the World Ended, The (fi lm, Corman “Creatures That Time Forgot, The” 1956), 115 (Bradbury, 1946), 31 DC Comics, 133 Creekmur, Corey, 126 De Certeau, Michel, 160 Crescent City Rhapsody (Goonan, 2000), 67 de Zwaan, Victoria, 101 , 107 Crowley, John, 42 Dead Space (digital game, 2008), 145 Csicsery-Ronay, Istvan, 10 , 149 Deadly Mantis, The (fi lm, Juran Curtis, Claire, 207 1957), 114 “Custer on the Slipstream” (Vizenor, Death Race 2000 (fi lm, Bartel 1975), 118 1978), 177 “Deathbird, The” (Ellison, 1974), 36 cyberpunk Decadent movement, 203 overview, 121 Deepness in the Sky, A (Vinge, 1999), 42 dystopian spatiality in, 92 Defender (video game, 1980), 143 emergence of, 40 , 42 Defi ance (television, 2013-), 122 masculinized hacker skills in, 92 del Rey, Lester, 35 , 126 234

Index

Delany, Martin bioslavery in, 189 Afrofuturism and, 59 , 63 Campbell infl uence on, 26 black racial superiority in, 61 dystopian satire in, 91 coming race war in, 62 frontier thesis satirization by, 171 technoscientifi c genius fi gure in, 60 , 68n7 humanity and reality as core themes, 37 WORKS : illusion of choice in, 210 Blake, or the Huts of America (1859), lack of mainstream success, 100 59 , 60 Library of America publication of, 12 , 104 Delany, Samuel R, literary esteem of, 36 as Afrofuturist writer, 63 outer space as frontier in, 9 counterculture success of, 100 postmodernist techniques of, 36 , 103 , 104 on early black speculative fi ction, 68n9 weird style in, 202 gender and sexuality in, 37 , 77 WORKS : postmodernist techniques of, 36 “The Father-Thing” (1954), 184 queer utopianism in, 91 Time Out of Joint (1959), 44 , 91 Stonewall Book Award, 69n18 Martian Time-Slip (1962), 91 on “thingyness,” 147 The Man in the High Castle (1962), 37 WORKS : The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch The Jewels of Aptor (1962), 37 (1965), 91 , 104 , 171 , 210 Babel-17 (1966), 63 , 64 Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? “Aye, and Gomorrah” (1967), 37 (1968), 37 , 91 , 184 , 189 The Einstein Intersection (1967), 37 Ubik (1969), 91 , 104 Dhalgren (1975), 91 , 100 A Maze of Death (1970), 104 Trouble on Triton (1976), 37 , 43n9 , 63 , A Scanner Darkly (1977), 91 65 , 77 , 91 The Exegesis of Philip K. Dick The Jewel-Hinged Jaw (1977), 38 (2011), 37 Starboard Wine (1984), 38 Dick Tracy (fi lm, 1937), 113 Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand Difference Engine, The (Gibson and Sterling, (1984), 64 , 77 1990), 94n8 “The Tale of Plagues and Carnivals” Different Drummer, A (Kelley, 1962), 90 (1984), 77 digital games The Motion of Light in Water arcade games, 143 (1988), 77 cognitive estrangement in, 140 , 147 , 150 Through the Valley of the Nest of digital game genres, 139 , 145 Spiders (2012), 93 fi rst person shooter games, 143 , 144 , Deleuze, Gilles, 200 145 , 147 DeLillo, Don, 103 hardware requirements, 143 Deluge (fi lm, 1933), 113 historicity, 146 Demolished Man, The (Bester, 1953), 32 history of science fi ction games, 141–46 Demon Seed (fi lm, Cammell 1977), 118 mobile games, 146 Dent, Lester, 127 , 141 player agency in, 148 Derleth, August, 198 spinoff media from, 144 Derrickson, Scott, 46 transnationalism in, 3 Derrida, Jacques, 202 Disch, Thomas M., 32 , 101 Dery, Mark, 58 Dispossessed, The (Le Guin, 1974), 38 , 91 , Devil Girl From Mars (fi lm), 63 95n13 Dhalgren (Samuel R. Delany, 1975), 91 , 100 Diversicon, 80 Di Filippo, Paul, 67 Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? “Diamond Lens, The” (O’Brien, 1858), 8 (Dick, 1968), 37 , 91 , 184 , 189 Díaz, Junot, 93 , 106 Dobzhansky, Theodosius, 181 Dick, Philip K, Doc Savage (pulp series), 127 , 141 assimilation of human bodies in, 184 Doctor No (fi lm, Young 1962), 117 awakening-from-simulacrum stories, 44 Doctor Who (television, 1963–), 160 235

Index

Doctorow, Cory, 54 cyber-feudalism in Hunger Games , 212 Donnelly, Ignatius, 87 fandom gift economy, 157 Donovan’s Brain (fi lm, Feist 1953), 115 fansubbing, 159 , 161 Doom (digital game, 1993), 145 global poverty as SF theme, 56 Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom global wealth inequality, 55 (Doctorow, 2003), 54 lost race fi ction and, 175 Doyle, Authur Conan, 143 , 160 Marxist economics in utopian fi ction, Dr. Black and Mr. Hyde (fi lm, 1976), 117 86 , 87 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (fi lm, 1908), 112 neoliberal capitalism and SF, 91 , Dr. Strangelove (fi lm, Kubrick 1964), 122–23 , 206 117 , 184 normalized capitalism in SF, 87 Drake, David, 40 socialist SF in genre magazines, 87 “Dreams in the Witch-House, The” socialist-feminist SF, 88 (Lovecraft, 1933), 201 Ecotopia (Callenbach, 1974), 91 Dreiser, Theodore, 8 Ecstasy of Infl uence, The (Lethem, Drussai, Garen, 90 2011), 104 Du Bois, W.E.B., 61 , 62 , 89 Eddy, C. M., 194 Duchamp, L. Timmel, 70 , 79 , 80 , 95n13 Edgar Huntly, or Memoirs of a Sleep-Walker Due, Tananarive, 55 , 63 (Brown, 1799), 196 Dune (Herbert, 1965), 34 , 100 , 131 Edge of Tomorrow (fi lm, 2014), 150 Dunsany, Lord, 195 , 196 , 200 Edison, Thomas, 8 , 172 “Dunwich Horror, The” (Lovecraft, 1929), Edisonade, 7 196 , 197 , 200 Einstein Intersection, The (Delany, 1967), 37 dystopianism. See also apocalyptic/post- Einstein’s Dreams (Lightman, 1992), 141 apocalyptic themes Elgin, Suzette Haden, 39 , 43n10 , 95n13 atomic disaster fi lms, 114 Ellis, Edward S., 7 BioShock digital game as, 147 Ellison, Harlan Cold War themes, 91 Campbell infl uence on, 26 critical dystopia, 92 dystopian future in, 35 cyberpunk dystopian spatiality, 92 fandom infl uence on, 22 dystopian satires, 90 as New Wave writer, 33 near-future fantasy as recycled historical postmodernist techniques of, 36 present, 207 , 216 post-nuclear future in, 172 production of death and, 10 superhero theme in, 126 resource scarcity in “The Tamarisk WORKS : Hunter,” 208 “‘Repent, Harlequin!’ Said the totalitarian dystopias, 35 Ticktockman” (1965), 35 , 88 Dangerous Visions (1967), 11 , 33 , 35 E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (fi lm, Spielberg “I Have No Mouth, and I Must 1982), 119 Scream” (1967), 35 E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (video game, “A Boy and His Dog” (1969), 35 , 172 1982), 145 Again, Dangerous Visions (1972), 36 Ealey, Nivi-kofi A., 90 Elysium (fi lm, 2013), 56 Earth Abides (Stewart, 1949), 184 Elysium Chronicles (Slonczewski, Earth: Final Confl ict (television, 1986–2000), 95n13 1997–2002), 122 Emerson, Willis George, 8 Earth vs. the Flying Saucers (fi lm, Sears Emmerich, Roland, 1 , 3 1956), 115 Empire of the Senseless (Acker, 1988), 103 Earthseed (Sargent, 1981), 209 Emshwiller, Carol, 107 economy. See also capitalism ; class Ender’s Game (Card, 1985), 40 aspirational debt as cruel optimism, Ender’s Game (digital game, 1985), 150 211 , 214 Enemy Mine (fi lm, Petersen 1985), 119 capitalism in astrofuturist societies, 170 Engelhart, Steve, 133 236

Index

Engine Summer (Crowley, 1979), 42 Internet fandom, 158 , 161 England Swings SF (Merril, 1968), 33 media zines, 156 Ennis, Garth, 136 Pem novels women fans, 42 environmental science fi ction. post-blockbuster literature fandom, 159 See also pandemic narratives pulp SF fan communities, 20 , 153 anticapitalism in, 53 Science Fiction League founding, 21 , 153 environmental movement and, 184 Sheldon/Tiptree identity revelation, 38 natural disasters, 45 , 47 spreadable media in, 158 New Wave ecological pessimism, 34 substance of community in, 160 in 1970s SF fi lm, 117 three waves of SF fandom, 160 pandemic narratives, 53 vidding, 157 , 158 post-World War II environmental Fanon, Frantz, 180 , 182 apocalypse, 184 Fantastic Four (comic book), 131 Rachel Carson and, 182 Fantastic Voyage (fi lm, Fleischer 1966), 111 resource scarcity in “The Tamarisk fantasy literature, 42 , 51 Hunter,” 208 Farmer, Philip José, 32 SF impact on, 5 Fast, Howard, 87 Spore digital game as, 148 Fast Red Road, The (Jones, 2000), 177 twenty-fi rst century SF and, 122 “Father-Thing,, The” (Dick, 1954), 184 Equality (Bellamy, 1897), 87 Faust, Minister, 66 Equality in the Year 2000 (Reynolds, Fausto-Sterling, Anne, 76 1977), 87 Feeling Very Strange: The Slipstream Escape from New York (fi lm, Carpenter Anthology (Kelly and Kessel, 1981), 119 2006), 107 Eshun, Kodwo, 5 , 58 , 64 Female Man, The (Russ, 1975), 38 , 74 , 91 , Eskelinen, Markku, 140 95n13 Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (fi lm, feminism. See also gender ; sexuality Gondry 2004), 123 feminist fan conventions, 80 Etidorpha (Lloyd, 1895), 8 feminist pulp SF, 88 Eureka (Poe, 1848), 6 feminist SF tradition, 70 EVE Online (MMORPG, 2003), 146 feminist utopias, 71–72 , 87 , 88 , 95n13 exceptionalism (American exceptionalism), in New Wave SF, 38 84 , 116 , 167 , 172 , 209 1960s queer utopianism, 91 Exegesis of Philip K. Dick, The (Dick, “science fi ction feminisms,” 71 2011), 37 second wave feminism, 73 eXistenZ (fi lm, 1999), 150 SF feminist critique, 73–74 Stepford Wives as feminist backlash, 118 “Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar” (Poe, Fight Club (fi lm, 1999), 44 1845), 6 fi lk songs, 155 Fahrenheit 451 (Bradbury, 1953), 90 fi lm Fail Safe (fi lm, Lumet 1964), 117 , 184 atomic disaster fi lms, 114 Falling Skies (television, 2011-), 46 , 122 cinema of attraction, 112 Fallout 3 (digital game, 2008), 145 digital game effects in, 150 fandom franchises, 116 cult behavior in, 160 Hollywood blockbuster SF, 3 , 46 , 111 , 117 defi ned, 153 importance of narrative in, 113 fan conventions, 22 , 80 , 154 , 155 , 158 Lovecraft infl uence on, 198 fansubbing, 159 , 161 low-budget sex/horror fi lms, 115 fanzine emergence, 21 , 154 low-budget SF, 113 , 114 Gaylaxian queer Star Trek campaign, 78 MPAA/Hayes restrictions, 116 gift economy in, 157 pre-blockbuster SF, 116–18 homoerotic slash fan fi ction, 157 rise of television and, 116 infl uence on SF writers, 22 serials, 113 237

Index

fi lm (cont.) lost race fi ction and, 175 space opera fi lm serials, 25 space as frontier and, 9 , 10 , 169 , 170 special effects, 111–14 space colony proposals, 173 superhero franchises, 120 Westerns and, 167 , 169 , 171 , 174 tie-in novels, 43 Futureland (Mosley, 2001), 64 transnational Hollywood SF Futureworld (fi lm, Heffron 1976), 117 productions, 3 Futurian group, 87 , 95n11 , 130 , 154 twenty-fi rst century SF fi lm, 122 Filter House (Shawl, 2008), 66 Gaddis, William, 101 Final Crisis (comic book, 2008), 136 Galápagos (Vonnegut, 1985), 36 Finney, Jack, 115 , 184 , 189 Galaxian (video game, 1979), 143 Fire upon the Deep, A (Vinge, 1992), 42 Galaxy Game (coin-operated digital game, Firefl y (television, 2002), 174 1971), 143 Firestone, Shulamith, 75 Galaxy magazine, 32 , 35 , 90 Fisher, Mark, 212 Galileo’s Dream (Robinson, 2009), 41 Fiske, Joli, 160 Gamer (fi lm, 2009), 150 Five (fi lm, Obeler 1951), 115 García Márquez, Gabriel, 101 Flash Gordon (daily comic strip, 1934– Gas-s-s-s! or It Became Necessary to 2003), 25 , 127 , 169 Destroy the World in Order to Save It Flash Gordon (fi lm, 1936), 113 (fi lm, Corman 1970), 117 Flash Gordon (fi lm series), 25 Gate to Women’s Country, The (Tepper, Flash, The (comic book), 129 , 130 1988), 39 , 95n13 Fledgling (Butler, 2005), 64 Gateway (Pohl, 1977), 33 Flint, Eric, 94n7 Gattaca (fi lm, Niccol 1997), 121 , 189 , 190 Fong, Kandy, 157 Gautier, Théophile, 202 Forbidden Planet (fi lm, Wilcox 1956), 25 , Gearhart, Sally Miller, 72 , 75 , 95n13 113 , 115 gender. See also feminism ; sexuality Forever War, The (Haldeman, 1974), 39 , 40 adopted gender technology, 65 Forrest, Katherine V., 72 , 95n13 cyberpunk masculinized hacker skills, 92 Foster, Sesshu, 94n7 fi ve-sex structure, 76 Foucault, Michel, 78 male aggression themes, 39 Fourth World, The (Danvers, 2000), 93 “malestream” science fi ction, 70 Fowler, Karen Joy, 42 , 107 parthenogenetic reproduction, 71 , 72 , 75 Frankenheimer, John, 117 post-9/11 masculinity, 48 Frankenstein (fi lm, Edison 1910), 112 reimagined reproduction, 38 , 75–77 Frankenstein (Shelley, 1818), 6 , 186 SF as masculine genre, 70 Franklin, H. Bruce, 172 Sheldon/Tiptree identity and, 38 Frasca, Gonzalo, 140 Star Trek patriarchal imperialism, 91 Freedman, Carl, 141 women in SF fandom, 42 , 156 Frelik, Pawel, 101 , 108n1 Gernsback, Hugo. See also Amazing Stories ; French science fi ction, 2 , 27 Wonder Stories Freud, Sigmund, 197 Amazing Stories founding, 8 , 141 Friedan, Betty, 73 continuing infl uence of, 28 Fringe (television, 2008–2013), 46 , 48 , formulation of SF by, 18 , 23 , 25 50 , 202 futurist cityscape cover designs, 171 frontier thesis. See also imperialism/ hiatus from science fi ction, 22 colonialism ; Native Americans normalized capitalism in, 87 overview, 167 Science Fiction League emergence and, assimilation/estrangement dialectic 21 , 153 and, 176 “science fi ction” term, 5 , 18 Burroughs as space-as-frontier “scientifi ction” term, 18 , 128 , 154 , 194 pioneer, 169 social ideology in, 128 Civil War trauma narrative and, 196 space opera development and, 22 238

Index

U.S. SF ascendancy and, 18 , 58 Gothic romance, 6 , 195 , 203 WORKS : “Grand Conversation, The” (Duchamp, Ralph 124C 41+ (1911), 8 , 87 2004), 79 Gibbons, Dave, 133 graphic novels, 3 , See also comics Gibson, William Grass, Günter, 101 infl uence on cyberpunk, 41 Gravity’s Rainbow (Pynchon, 1973), 12 , postmodernism and, 103 100 , 102 , 103 science-fi ctional present in, 52 Gray, Jonathan, 159 , 160 on SF as realism, 12 “Great God Pan, The” (Machen, 1894), 196 treatment of neoliberalism, 92 Great Stone of Sardis, The (Stockton, WORKS : 1898), 9 Neuromancer (1984), 41 , 92 , 103 Great War Syndicate, The (Stockton, The Difference Engine (1990), 94n8 1889), 9 Pattern Recognition (2003), 52 Green Arrow (comic book), 133 , 134 Spook Country (2007), 52 Green Lantern (comic book), 127 , 129 , 130 , Zero History (2010), 52 133 , 134 Giger, H.R., 198 Green Lantern (fi lm, 2013), 47 Gillette, King Camp, 87 Green Team, The (comic book), 55 Gilman, Charlotte Perkins Greenlee, Sam, 90 feminist SF of, 71 , 88 Greyson, John, 79 parthenogenetic reproduction in, 71 , Griffi th, Ann Warren, 90 72 , 75 Griffi th, Mary, 71 , 87 utopianism in, 7 , 58 Griffi th, Nicola, 72 , 95n13 on women without men, 72 Griggs, Sutton E., 60 , 61 , 62 , 89 WORKS : Griots: A Sword and Soul (Davis and Moving the Mountain (1911), 88 Saunders, 2011), 63 Herland (1915), 7 , 71 , 88 Guattari, Felix, 200 With Her in Ourland (1916), 88 Guerilleres, Les (Wittig, 1971), 72 Gladiator (Wylie, 1930), 128 Gun, with Occasional Music (Lethem, Gladiator, The (fi lm, 1938), 113 1994), 105 Glancy, Diane, 55 Gunning, Tom, 112 globalization emergence from isolationist ethos, 125 hacking culture, 55 global consciousness in alien encounters, 1 Hairston, Andrea, 55 , 64 , 66 , 93 global poverty as SF theme, 56 Haldeman, Joe, 39 , 40 , 105 global wealth inequality, 55 Hale, Edward Everett, 8 God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater (Vonnegut, Half-Life 2 (digital game, 2005), 145 1965), 36 Halting State (digital game, 2007), 150 Gods of Pegana (Dunsany, 1905), 196 Hamilton, Edmond, 21 , 23 , 126 , Godwin, Francis, 6 137n14 , 169 Gojira (U.S. title Godzilla , fi lm, Honda Handmaid’s Tale, The (Atwood, 1985), 39 , 1954), 47 , 114 43n10 , 74 , 95n13 Gold Coast (Robinson, 1988), 92 “Hands Off!” (Hale, 1881), 8 Golden Age science fi ction, 31 , 32 , 34 , 155 Haran, Joan, 71 Goldfi nger (fi lm, Hamilton 1964), 117 Haraway, Donna, 79 Goldstein, Rebecca, 51 hard science fi ction, 42 “Goliah” (London, 1908), 8 Hardt, Michael, 47 , 52 , 53 Gomez-Galisteo, M. Carmen, 49 Harper, Frances E.W., 88 Gomoll, Jeanne, 79 “Harrison Bergeron” (Vonnegut, 1961), 210 Goodfi eld, June, 188 Harrison, Harry, 91 Goodman, Martin, 131 Harrison, M. John, 199 Goonan, Kathleen Ann, 67 Harry Potter series, 156 , 159 , 160 Gordon, Avery, 54 Harryhausen, Ray, 112 239

Index

Hartwell, David, 156 horror “Harvest, The” (comic book, 2003), 135 atomic monsters, 114 Harvey, David, 209 , 214 creatures vs. monsters in, 113 Haunt of Fear, The (comic book, evolutionary monsters, 181 1950–54), 202 Lovecraft infl uence on, 198 Hawkman (comic book), 129 , 131 low-budget sex/horror fi lms, 115 Hawks, Howard, 181 post-9/11 horror, 45 Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 6 , 58 , 85 , 94n9 , in pulp SF, 195 186 , 196 “Horror at Red Hook,, The” (Lovecraft, Hayden, Neil Patrick, 155 1927), 197 He, She and It (Piercy, 1991), 92 “Horse” (fi lm performance piece, 2001), 177 Hearn, Lafcadio, 203 Host, The (fi lm, 2013), 46 “Heat Death of the Universe, The” (Zoline, Host, The (Meyer, 2008), 46 1967), 73 House of Leaves (Danielewski, 2000), 202 Heinlein, Robert A, House on the Borderland, The (Hodgson, assimilation of human bodies in, 184 1908), 201 Campbell collaboration with, 26 “Houston, Houston, Do You Read? “ career, 22 (Sheldon/Tiptree, 1976), 39 , 95n13 early space frontier narratives, 170 Howard, Robert E., 31 , 195 , 196 , 198 , 200 EPIC campaign, 95n10 Howells, William Dean, 7 , 87 frontier thesis and, 169 Hugo Award, 63 , 80 , 100 , 105 gender in, 39 Huizinga, Johan, 140 Golden Age style in, 34 Human Torch (comic book), 130 outer space as frontier in, 9 humanity technocracy theme in, 87 alien domination and, 77 WORKS : apocalyptic destruction of, 114 If This Goes On– (1940), 9 , 63 , 69n17 assimilation of human bodies, 115 , 184 “The Roads Must Roll” (1940), 87 as core SF theme, 10 “Logic of Empire” (1941), 170 DNA cloning and, 186 “We Also Walk Dogs” (1941), 170 environmental science fi ction and, 184 The Puppet Masters (1951), 184 human evolution, 181 , 182 Starship Troopers (1959), 39 human self-destruction, 176 , 179 Stranger in a Strange Land (1961), New Wave pessimism and, 34 33 , 131 patented life forms and, 188 The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress (1966), “social death” and, 190 34 , 40 space colonization and, 9 Hellboy (fi lm, 2004), 202 transhumanism, 42 “Hello Moto” (Okorafor, 2010), 67 Hunger Games, The (Collins, 2008), 211–13 Henderson, Zenna, 126 Hunger Games, The (fi lm series, 2012–), 49 Hennesberger, Clark, 194 Hurley, Kameron, 93 Herbert, Frank, 34 , 100 , 131 Hurricane Katrina, 45 , 47 Herland (Gilman, 1915), 7 , 71 , 88 Husserl, Edmund, 200 Heroes (television), 190 Huxley, Julian, 181 , 182 Hill, Barney and Betty, 184 Huysmans, J-K., 203 Himes, Chester, 90 Hinton, Charles Howard, 202 I Am Legend (Matheson, 1954), 184 , 186 Hitchens, Michael, 145 “I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream” Hodgson, William Hope, 201 (Ellison, 1967), 35 Holdfast Chronicles (Charnas, 1974–1999), I Love Bees (ARG, 2004), 146 95n13 I, Robot (fi lm, Proyas 2004), 121 hollow earth theory, 6 , 8 Identity Crisis (comic book, 2004), 136 Hopkins, Pauline, 60 , 61 , 62 , 81n4 , 88 If This Goes On– (Heinlein, 1940), 9 , 63 , Hopkinson, Nalo, 55 , 65–66 , 93 69n17 240

Index

Imlay, Gilbert, 84 Iron Heel, The (London, 1907), 8 imperialism/colonialism. See also frontier Iron Man (comic book), 131 , 132 , 134 thesis ; Native Americans ; wars and Isaacs, Harold, 180 , 191 violence Ishigiro, Kazuo, 190 Cold War interventions, 129 Island of Doctor Moreau, The (Wells, 1896), colonial gaze in SF, 10 142 , 186 exceptionalism (American exceptionalism), Island of Lost Souls (fi lm, 1932), 113 84 , 116 , 167 , 172 , 209 Island, The (fi lm, Bay 2005), 190 frontier thesis and, 168 Iwatani, Toru, 144 postcolonial SF authors, 54 post-World War II decolonization, Jackson, Blyden, 90 180 , 181 Jackson, Pamela, 104 science-fi ctionalization of everyday life Jackson, Shirley, 51 , 202 and, 52 James Bond fi lm series, 117 “social death” and, 190 James, Edward, 5 Spore digital game as, 148 James, Henry, 99 the weird and, 203 Jameson, Fredric, 9 , 53 , 54 , 207 U.S. imperialism as SF infl uence, 17 Jansen, Klaus, 134 U.S. post-9/11 victimology and, 48 Janus (fanzine), 79 Vietnam War effect on, 132 Japanese anime, 121 Imperium in Imperio (Griggs, 1899), 60 , Jarvis, Eugene, 143 61 , 89 Jenkins, Henry, 140 , 158 , 160 Inception (fi lm, Nolan 2010), 123 Jeremiah (television, 2002–2004), 122 Incredible Hulk (comic book), 131 Jeteée, La (fi lm, Marker 1962), 121 Incredible Shrinking Man, The (fi lm, Arnold Jewel-Hinged Jaw, The (Delany, 1977), 38 1957), 115 Jewels of Aptor, The (Delany, 1962), 37 Independence Day (fi lm, Emmerich 1996), 1 , Jewett, Robert, 127 , 135 46 , 115–16 Johnny Mnemonic, (fi lm, Longo1997), 121 indigenous futurism, 177 Johnson, Edward A., 60 , 89 Infi nite Crisis (comic book, 2005–2006), 136 Jones, Alice Ilgenfritz, 7 , 88 Injustice (media franchise), 136 Jones, Ronald T., 66 intentional communities, 84 Jones, Stephen Graham, 177 Interplanetary Voyage (video game, Joshi, S. T., 199 1973), 143 Journey to Mars (Pope, 1894), 8 interstitial fi ction, 107 Journey to Venus (Pope, 1895), 8 “Into the 28th Century” (Lorraine, 1930), 88 Just Imagine (fi lm, Butler 1930), 113 Intuitionist, The (Whitehead, 1999), 93 Justice League of America (comic book), 131 Invasion (television, 2005), 45 Juul, Jesper, 140 Invasion from Mars (Menzies, 1953), 184 Invasion of the Body Snatchers (fi lm, Kafka, Franz, 202 Kaufman 1978), 115 , 186 Kagle, Steven, 140 Invasion of the Body Snatchers (fi lm, Siegel Kant, Immanuel, 197 1956), 115 , 184 Kaufman, Philip, 115 , 186 Invasion, The (fi lm, 2007), 46 , 47 Keller, David H., 21 Inventor’s Secret, The (fi lm, Griffi th Kelley, William Melvin, 90 1911), 112 Kelly, Frank K., 23 Invincible (comic book, 2002), 136 Kelly, James Patrick, 42 , 107 Invisible Man, The (fi lm, 1933), 113 Kemp, Earl, 27 Invisible Man, The (television, 1976), 119 Kennedy, John F., 170 Invisible Ray, The (fi lm, 1936), 113 Kennedy, Paul, 133 Iola Leroy, or, Shadows Uplifted (Harper, Kent, Steven, 144 1892), 88 Keohane, Robert, 133 Iredeemable (comic book, 2009–2012), 136 Kerslake, Patricia, 9–10 241

Index

Kessel, John, 42 , 107 Lethem, Jonathan, 51 , 103 , 104 , 107 Kessler, Carol, 71 Levy, Ariel, 81n5 Khatru fanzine, 79 Lewes, Darby, 71 Kilgore, De Witt Douglas, 170 , 173 Lieber, Fritz, 195 Kindred (Butler, 1979), 41 Light Ahead for the Negro (Johnson, 1904), Kindred Award, 63 60 , 89 King in Yellow, The (Chambers, 1895), 200 Lightman, Alan, 141 King, Katie, 71 Lilith’s Brood (Butler, 2000), 41 , 64 , 76 , Kipling, Rudyard, 203 175 , 189 Kirby, Jack, 125 , 130 , 131 Limbo (video game, 2010), 202 “Kirinyaga” (Resnick, 1988), 42 Limbo (Wolfe, 1952), 91 Kirkman, Robert, 136 Limerick, Patricia, 168 Knight, Damon, 100 , 154 Link, Kelly, 51 , 107 Kornbluth, Cyril M., 90 Liquid Electricity (fi lm, Blackton 1907), 112 Kress, Nancy, 190 Lloyd, John Uri, 8 Kubrick, Stanley, 112 Locke, John, 48 Kurtz, Malisa, 54 Locus Award, 104–5 Kurzweil, Ray, 4 Logan’s Run (fi lm, Anderson 1976), 118 Logan’s Run (television, 1977–1979), 119 L’Engle, Madeline, 209 “Logic of Empire” (Heinlein, 1941), 170 Lai, Larissa, 55 , 93 London, Jack, 8 , 87 , 143 , 174 , 176 Lancaster, Kurt, 159 Lone Ranger comic series, 127 Landon, Brooks, 126 Looking Backward, 2000–1887 (Bellamy, Lane, Mary E. Bradley, 71 , 72 , 88 1888). 7 , 85–86 Lang, Fritz, 103 , 112 Looking Backward from 2000 (Reynolds, Larbalestier, Justine, 71 1973), 87 Last American, The (Mitchell, 1889), 8 Looking Further Backward (Vinton, 1890), 7 Lavin, Guillermo, 55 Looking Further Forward (Michaelis, Lawnmower Man (fi lm, Leonard 1992), 121 1890), 7 Lawrence, John Shelton, 127 , 135 Looking Within (Roberts, 1893), 7 Le Guin, Ursula K, Lord of the Rings series, 159 alien contact in, 176 Lorraine, Lilith, 88 antiwar themes in, 40 Lost (television, 2004–2010), 48 , 122 gender and sexuality in, 38 , 76 lost race fi ction, 175 literary esteem of, 37 Love (MMORPG, 2010), 146 outer space as frontier in, 9 Lovecraft, H.P postmodernist techniques of, 36 Amateur Press Association and, 155 on SF as transnational literature, 2 concept of “weird” in, 12 , 195 , 197 , 199 WORKS : Decadent movement and, 203 The Left Hand of Darkness (1969), 38 , lasting infl uence of, 198 76 , 95n13 , 176 object-oriented philosophy and, 200 The Dispossessed (1974), 38 , 91 , 95n13 as prominent pulp writer, 195 The Word for World Is Forest Puritan terror in, 197 , 203 (1976), 40 racist disgust in, 197 , 199 Always Coming Home (1985), the “Old Ones” in, 196 , 198 95n13 , 177 WORKS : “Coming of Age in Karhide” (1995), 76 Supernatural Horror in Literature Lee, Chang Rae, 207 (1925), 195 Lee, Stan, 131 “The Horror at Red Hook” (1927), 197 Left Hand of Darkness, The (Le Guin, “The Call of Cthulhu” (1928), 196 , 198 1969), 38 , 76 , 95n13 , 176 “The Dunwich Horror” (1929), 196 , Lem, Stanislaw, 3 , 28 197 , 200 Lensmen series (Smith, 1937–), 128 “The Whisperer in Darkness” (1931), 196 242

Index

“The Dreams in the Witch-House” Mars Matrix (video game, 2000), 145 (1933), 201 Mars trilogy (Robinson, 1992–1996), 41 , At the Mountains of Madness 93 , 173 (1936), 202 Martian Chronicles, The (Bradbury, writing style, 197 1950), 184 “Loved Dead,, The” (Eddy, 1924), 194 Martian Manhunter (comic book), 131 “Lovers, The” (Farmer, 1953), 32 “Martian Odyssey, A” (Weinbaum, 1934), Lucas, George, 112 , See also Star Wars 23 , 60 entries Martian Time-Slip (Dick, 1962), 91 Luce, Henry, 125 Marusek, David, 54 “Lucky Strike, The” (Robinson, 1984), 41 Marvel Boy (comic book), 130 ludology, 140 Marvel Comics, 131 , 154 Lunar Braceros, 2125–2148 (Sánchez and Marxism, 55 Pita, 2009). 93 Masked and Anonymous (fi lm, Charles Lundwall, Sam J., 4 2003), 206 Lynch, David, 202 Mass Effect (video game series, 2007–12), 46 , 48 , 145 MacArthur Foundation Genius Grant, Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing 69n18 Games (MMORPG), 146 Machen, Arthur, 195 , 196 , 200 , 201 , 204 Massumi, Brian, 52 Mad Love (fi lm, 1933), 113 Master Key, The (Baum, 1901), 7 MaddAddam trilogy (Atwood, Matheson, Richard, 184 , 186 2003–2013), 53 Matrix, The (fi lm, Wachowski brothers Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, 1999), 44 , 50 , 113 , 121 , 150 The , 32 , 63 Maul (Sullivan, 2004), 54 , 95n13 magazines. See also Campbell, John W., Max Headroom (television, 1987), 120 Jr. ; Gernsback, Hugo ; pulp science Maze of Death, A (Dick, 1970), 104 fi ction McCafferty, Anne, 42 African American magazines, 60 McCarthy, Cormac, 51 , 106 , 172 , 206 Amazing Stories fan community, 20 McCoy, John, 7 audience demographics, 32 McDonald, Ian, 55 , 105 conservative content in, 31 McElroy, Joseph, 102 , 103 development of SF genre in, 5 McFarlane, Todd, 133 fanzine emergence, 21 McHale, Brian, 103 literary style in, 17 , 31 McHugh, Maureen, 42 Magnavox Odyssey (consumer video game McIlwraith, Dorothy, 195 console, 1972), 143 media zines, 156 Make Room! Make Room! (Harrison, MediaWest*Con, 158 1966), 91 Mega Man (platforming game, 1987), 145 Man from U.N.C.L.E., The (television, Mehan, Uppinder, 67 1964–68), 160 Melley, Timothy, 49 Man in the Dark (Auster, 2008), 51 “Mellonta Tauta” (Poe, 1849), 6 Man in the High Castle, The (Dick, Melville, Herman, 85 , 202 1962), 37 Men in Black (fi lm, Sonnenfeld 1997), Man of Steel (fi lm, 2013), 46 46 , 120 Man Who Cried I Am, The (Williams, Men Must Fight (fi lm, 1933), 113 1967), 89 Mendlesohn, Farah, 5 Manchurian Candidate, The (fi lm, Menzies, William Cameron, 184 Frankenheimer 1962), 117 Merchant, Ella, 7 Marchant, Ella, 7 , 88 Merrick, Helen, 79 Marq’ssan Cycle (Duchamp, 2005–08), Merril, Judith, 33 , 73 , 100 , 101 , 154 95n13 Metroid (platforming game, 1986), 145 Mars Attacks! (fi lm, 1996 Burton), 116 Metropolis (fi lm, Lang 1927), 112 , 113 243

Index

Meyer, Stephanie, 46 Cold War human vulnerability and, 181 Meyrink, Gustav, 202 creatures vs. monsters, 113 Michaelis, Richard C., 7 DNA cloning and, 186 “Midas Plague, The” (Pohl, 1954), 90 genetic engineering and, 187 Midnight Robber (Hopkinson, 2000), 93 post-9/11 alien invasion Miéville, China, 55 , 93 , 199 , 200 narratives and, 47 Mightiest Machine, The (Campbell, in Poverty Row productions, 115 1934–1935), 25 Montfort, Nick, 144 Milburn, Colin, 54 Moon Is a Harsh Mistress, The (Heinlein, Militants, The (Ealey, 1974), 90 1966), 34 , 40 military science fi ction, 10 , 40 , See also wars Moon Metal, The (Serviss, 1900), 9 and violence Moons of Palmares, The (Amadahy, millennial period. See also 9/11 terrorist 1997), 93 attack Moorcock, Michael, 27 , 32 , 199 aftermath of the so-called Great Recession Moore, Alan, 133 of 2008–09, 55 Moore, C.L., 73 , 195 disappearance of SF and, 51 Moore, Catherine, 169 elite SF biopolitical regime in, 54 More, Thomas, 84 hacking culture, 55 Moreau, Julian, 90 private military contractors in, 56 Morrison, Toni, 58 privatization/divestment and, 209 , 212 , Moskowitz, Sam, 154 214 , 215 Mosley, Walter, 64 reconstitution of the nuclear family Motherlines (Charnas, 1978), 75 theme, 47–48 Motion of Light in Water, The war on terror as superhero theme, 135 (Samuel R. Delany, 1988), 77 Millennium, The (Sinclair, 1924), 87 Movement, The (comic book), 55 Miller, Arthur, 94n9 Moving the Mountain (Gilman, 1911), 88 Miller, Frank, 134 Moylan, Tom, 90 , 91 Miller, P. Schuyler, 21 Mumbo Jumbo (Reed, 1972), 102 Miller, Warren, 95n17 Munsey, Frank, 194 Millhauser, Steven, 51 Mysterious Island, The (fi lm, 1929), 113 Mimosa (fanzine), 156 Mystery in Space (1951–1966), 25 Mindscape (Hairston, 2006), 64 Mirror’s Edge (digital game, 2008), 146 NAACP Image Award, 69n18 Mirrorshades: The Cyberpunk Anthology Nama, Adilifu, 120 (Sterling, 1986), 42 Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Misha (Metis-Cree), 92 Nantucket, The (Poe, 1838), 6 , 196 Missile Command (home console video National Film Registry, 121 game, 1980), 144 nationalism, 2 , 11 , 56 Mist, The (fi lm, 2007), 46 Native Americans. See also frontier thesis ; Mitchell, David, 53 imperialism/colonialism Mitchell, John A., 8 in early horror, 196 Mitford, Bertram, 203 early Native American utopian texts, 84 Mizora (Lane, 1880), 71 , 88 in early space frontier narratives, 169 mobile games, 146 First Nations cultural critique, 84 Modern Times (fi lm, Chaplin 1936), 112 indigenous futurism of, 177 modernism, 9 , 31 , 32 , 58 , 59 reimagined European colonialism and, Mohrbacher, B.C., 94n7 94n7 Mojo: Conjure Stories (Hopkinson, reimagined European colonialism and, 41 2003), 65–66 Native Tongue (Elgin, 1984), 39 , 43n10 monsters Native Tongue trilogy (Elgin, 1984–94), in Afrofuturism, 60 95n13 atomic monsters, 114 naturalism, 7 , 180 244

Index

Near Orbit Vanguard Alliance (mobile superhero responses to, 135 digital game, 2009), 146 U. S. superpower theme and, 3 Nebula Award, 63 , 80 , 100 , 103 , 104–5 U.S. victimology and, 48 Negarestani, Regi, 200 Nineteen Eighty-Four (Orwell, 1949), 35 Negley, Glen, 83 Niven, Larry, 34 , 42 , 87 Negri, Antonio, 47 , 52 , 53 Nixon, Richard, 132 , 134 neoliberalism “No Woman Born” (Moore, 1944), 73 cruel optimism in Hunger Games , Nogha, Misha, 55 211 , 213 Nolan, Christopher, 135 fansubbing, 159 , 161 Nolan, Philip Francis, 24 neoliberal anxieties in SF fi lm, 122–23 Nomad (digital game, 1993), 145 neoliberal capitalism and SF, 91 , Norris, Frank, 8 122–23 , 206 North Africa trilogy (Reynolds, 1961–1978), neoliberal dystopias, 206 , 208 , 211 , 212 , 95n17 213 , 215–16 “Novel of the Black Seal, The” (Machen, postapocalyptic settings and, 207 1895), 201 Neuromancer (Gibson, 1984), 41 , 92 , 103 “Novel of the White Powder, The” (Machen, Never Let Me Go (fi lm, Ishigiro 2005), 190 1895), 201 New 52 (comic book), 46 nuclear weapons, 4 , 172 , 179 , 184 new wave fabulism, 107 Nyby, Christian, 181 New Wave science fi ction overview, 32–34 O’Brien, Fitz-James, 8 British writers, 27 O’Neil, Dennis, 133 content and style, 33 O’Neill, Gerard, 173 Galaxy Vietnam War display, 35 Oblivion (fi lm, 2013), 46 infl uence on hard SF, 42 , 106 Of One Blood (Hopkins, 1903), 60 , 61 , as literary genre, 100 81n4 , 88 origins, 32 Ojetade, Balogun, 64 , 66 pessimism in, 34 Okorafor, Nnedi, 55 , 69n27 , 93 political and aesthetic challenges of, 11 Omega Man, The (fi lm, 1971), 121 postmodern experimentation in, 36 , omnicrisis, 47 38 , 101 On Such a Full Sea (Lee, 2014), 207 sexuality in, 33 On the Beach (Shute, 1957), 184 slipstream compared with, 101 OnyxCon, 63 utopian fi ction and, 91 “Ooze” (Rud, 1923), 194 , 201 waning of, 40 Operation Burning Candle (Jackson, New Weird science fi ction, 93 , 199 , 200 , 1973), 90 See also weird, the Ortiz, Simon J., 55 New Worlds , 32 Orwell, George, 35 Niccol, Andrew, 189 Oryx and Crake (Atwood, 2003), 106 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 58 Out of This World (platforming game, 9/11 terrorist attack. See also millennial era 1991), 145 9/11 as a “hinge point,” 11 Owens, Robert, 85 agency panic and, 49 alien invasion narratives and, 45–50 Pacifi c Edge (Robinson, 1990), 92 awakening-from-simulacrum stories Pacifi c Rim (fi lm, 2013), 46 and, 44 Pac-Man (arcade video game, 1980), 144 Lost as response to, 122 Palmer, Raymond A., 21 , 154 Patriot Act sovereign exceptionalism, 210 Panic in the Year Zero (fi lm, Milland perpetual emergency culture, 45 , 52 1962), 117 radical contingency of the self, 50 Panshin, Alexei, 34 science-fi ctionalization of everyday life, 52 Parable of the Sower, The (Butler, 1993), 74 , subaltern subjectivity and, 49 92 , 214–16 245

Index

Parable of the Talents, The (Butler, 1998), 92 Pulitzer Prize, 105 , 106 Parallax Award, 63 pulp science fi ction. See also Amazing Patrick, J. Max, 83 Stories ; Wonder Stories Pattern Recognition (Gibson, 2003), 52 defi nition of, 194 , 195 Patternmaster series (Butler, 1976–84), 64 European SF compared to, 17 Patterson, Orlando, 190 fan communities, 20 , 153 Paul, Frank R., 171 feminist utopias in, 88 Pearson, Wendy, 77 founding of, 8 Pease, Donald, 209 generic pulp format, 194 Pechawis, Archer, 177 horror in, 195 Percy, Walker, 36 international popularity of, 21 Phantom Creeps, The (fi lm, 1939), 113 moral crusade against, 194 Phantom Empire, The (fi lm, 1935), 113 Romanticism in, 31 Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart, 85 as serious art, 105 Picarelli, Enrica, 49 space opera subgenre in, 22 Piercy, Marge, 39 , 75 , 91 , 92 , 95n13 superhero narrative in, 127 , 128 Pita, Beatrice, 55 , 93 Puppet Masters, The (Heinlein, 1951), 184 Plan B (Himes, written 1969–1972; Purge, The (fi lm, 2013), 56 published 1983), 90 Purple Monster Strikes, The (fi lm, Planet Comics (1940–1954), 25 1945), 114 Planet of the Apes (fi lm, Schaffner 1968), Pynchon, Thomas 117 , 184 mainstream success of, 100 Planet of the Apes (media franchise, postmodernist techniques of, 36 , 103 1968–), 116 as slipstream writer, 101 , 103 Planet of the Apes (television, 1974), 119 WORKS : Planet Stories (1939–1955), 24 Gravity’s Rainbow (1973), 12 , 100 , Plot Against America, The (Roth, 2004), 51 102 , 103 Plus (McElroy, 1976), 102 Poe, Edgar Allan, 6 , 58 , 141 , 196 , 200 , Quantum Leap (television, 1989–1993), 120 202 , 203 Quinn, Seabury, 195 Pohl, Frederik, 33 , 35 , 90 , 154 Polish science fi ction, 28 Rabkin, Eric S., 126 Pope, Gustavus, 8 race. See also African American science “Pornography by Women for Women with fi ction ; Afrofuturism Love” (Russ, 1985), 78 adopted race technology, 65 Portal (digital game, 2007), 146 African American utopianism, 88–90 post-genre fantastic, 199 Afrofuturism and, 58 postmodernism antislavery utopianism, 85 in New Wave SF, 36 , 38 , 101 blackness as allegorical SF subtext, 120 post-1970s SF infl uence of, 103 in feminist utopian SF, 72 postmodern saturation in Hunger lost race fi ction and, 175 Games , 213 Lovecraft racist disgust, 197 , 199 slipstream fi ction and, 101 racial transformation technology, 89 Pournelle, Jerry, 87 racist futures in pulp SF, 60 Powers, Richard, 51 Yellow Peril narratives, 7 Priber, Christian Gottlieb, 85 radio, 130 Primer (fi lm, Carruth 2004), 123 Ralph 124C 41+ (Gernsback, 1911), 8 , 87 Princess of Mars, A (Burroughs, 1917), Rand, Ayn, 87 , 147 8 , 126 Ranger, Richard H., 61 Professionals, The (television, 1977–83), 160 “Rappaccini’s Daughter” (Hawthorne, Prometheus (fi lm, 2012), 150 1844), 7 , 186 Prophetic Roman, A (McCoy, 1896), 7 Raymond, Alex, 127 “pseudo-scientifi c stories” term, 18 Reade, Frank (character), 7 246

Index

Ready Player One (digital game, 2011), 150 radical futures in, 54 Reagan, Ronald, 91 , 119 , 133 on SF as realism, 13 reality terraforming in, 173 already present futures, 54 WORKS : Homeland Security SF futurists, 5 “The Lucky Strike” (1984), 41 Matrix -related advertising and, 50 The Wild Shore (1984), 92 near-future fantasy as recycled historical Gold Coast (1988), 92 present, 207 , 216 Pacifi c Edge (1990), 92 postapocalyptic settings as neoliberal Mars trilogy (1992–1996), 41 , 54 , 93 , reality, 207 169 , 173 realism in late U.S. magazine SF, 31 Science in the Capital trilogy (2004– SF as realism, 12 2007), 41 , 54 transrealism, 107 Galileo’s Dream (2009), 41 Red Alert (George, 1958), 184 2312 (2012), 41 , 93 Red Dawn (fi lm, Milius 1984), 120 RoboCop (fi lm, Verhoeven 1987), 119 “Red One, The” (London, 1918), 8 , Robot Monster (fi lm, Tucker 1953), 115 174 , 176 Rocky Jones, Space Ranger (television, Red Spider, White Web (Misha, 1990), 92 1954), 114 Redwood and Wildfi re (Hairston, 2011), Roddenberry, Gene, 1 , 3 , 9 , 122 , 66 , 93 See also Star Trek entries Reed, Ishmael, 102 Rollerball (fi lm, Jewison 1975), 118 Rendezvous with Rama (Clarke, 1973), 103 Romanticism, 31 , 195 “‘Repent, Harlequin!’ Said the Ticktockman” Roosevelt, Franklin, 172 (Ellison, 1965), 35 , 88 Roosevelt, Theodore, 168 Repo Man (fi lm, Cox 1984), 119 Rosenbaum, Benjamin, 51 Repo Men (fi lm, Sapochnik 2010), 123 Ross, Sharon Marie, 160 Resident Evil (fi lm series, 2002–2012), Roth, Philip, 51 46 , 47 Rud, Anthony, 194 , 201 Resnick, Mike, 42 Running Man, The (fi lm, Glaser 1987), 119 Revolution (television, 2012-), 122 Russ, Joanna Reynolds, Mack, 87 , 95n17 all-female reproduction in, 75 Ribofunk! (Di Filippo, 1996), 67 feminist themes in, 38 , 74 Rieder, John, 9 historical science fi ction of, 41 Ringworld (Niven, 1970), 34 WORKS : Rise of the Planet of the Apes (fi lm, Wyatt “When It Changed” (1972), 38 , 74 , 2011), 116 95n13 Rite of Passage (Panshin, 1968), 34 The Female Man (1975), 38 , 74 , 91 , “Rite of Passage: Blood and Iron” 95n13 (Ojetade), 66 The Two of Them (1978), 95n13 Road, The (fi lm, Hillcoat 2009), 122 “Souls” (1982), 41 Road, The (McCarthy, 2006), 51 , 106 , “Pornography by Women for Women 172 , 206 with Love” (1985), 78 “Roads Must Roll, The” (Heinlein, Russell, Steve “Slug,” 141 1940), 87 Russian science fi ction, 28 Robbins, Frank, 132 Roberts, J. W., 7 S.O.S Tidal Wave (fi lm, 1939), 113 Robinson, Eden, 55 Saira (digital game, 2009), 146 Robinson, Kim Stanley Salt Fish Girl (Lai, 2002), 93 alternate histories of, 41 Salt Roads, The (Hopkinson, 2003), 93 career, 41 Sánchez, Rosaura, 55 , 93 critical dystopia in, 92 “Sandman, The” (Hoffman, 1815), 112 frontier thesis and, 169 Sarah Canary (Fowler, 1991), 42 outer space as frontier in, 9 Sargent, Pamela, 94n7 , 95n13 , 209 247

Index

Saunders, Charles, 63 Senarens, Luis, 7 Saunders, George, 51 , 107 Serling, Rod, 114 Saunders, Robert A., 47 Serviss, Garrett P., 7 , 8 , 9 , 17 , 172 Scanner Darkly, A (Dick, 1977), 91 sexuality. See also feminism ; sexuality Scanner Darkly, A (fi lm, Linklater 2006), 113 absence in SF magazines, 31 “Scarlet Plague, The” (London, 1912), 8 African American SF and, 60 Schismatrix (Sterling, 1985), 87 Golden Age experimentation with, 32 Schmidt, Carl, 210 heterotopia, 78 Scholes, Robert, 126 homoerotic slash fan fi ction, 157 Schulz, Bruno, 202 lesbian feminist utopian fi ction, 72 Schuyler, George S., 60 , 62 , 89 low-budget sex/horror fi lms, 115 Schwartz, Julius, 126 , 130 , 137n14 MPAA/Hayes fi lm restrictions, 116 science. See also technology in New Wave SF, 33 Cold War scientifi c apparatus, 147 1960s queer utopianism, 91 DNA cloning and, 186 queer societies, 76 , 77 environmental degradation, 182 reimagined reproduction, 38 , 75–77 foreshadowed inventions, 61 reproduction in all-female worlds, 71 , HeLa cell line immortality narrative, 187 72 , 75 human evolution, 181 , 182 sex-appeal pulp fi ction, 20 mad scientist fi lm theme, 113 speculative erotics and homoeroticism, space colony proposals, 173 77–79 , 93 science fi ction Shadow Man (Scott, 1995), 76 association with science, 18 Shadow, The (comic series), 127 coining of term, 5 , 18 “Shambleau” (Moore, 1934), 169 conservative Golden Age SF, 31 Sharp, Patrick B., 172 Gernsback formulation of, 18 , 23 Shawl, Nisi, 55 , 66 literary precursors, 6 Sheldon, Alice (James Tiptree), 36 , 38 , 73 , as multimedia genre, 5 95n13 as national literature, 2 Sheldon, Charles M., 85 as stereotypically masculine genre, 70 Shelley, Mary, 6 , 141 , 186 superhero narrative, 126 Sherlock Holmes series, 160 superhero theme in, 126 Shiel, M. P., 204 technoscientifi c genius fi gure, 60 , 64 Shore of Women, The (Sargent, 1986), 95n13 as transnational literature, 1 , 3 Siege of Harlem, The (Miller, 1964), 95n17 Science Fiction League, 21 , 153 Siegel, Don, 184 Science Fiction Studies , 38 Siegel, Jerry, 126 Science in the Capital trilogy (Robinson, Signs (fi lm, 2002), 46 2004–2007), 41 Silent Age, The (mobile digital game, Science Wonder Stories , 20 , 21 2012), 146 “scientifi c romance” term, 18 , 99 , 202 Silent Running (fi lm, Trumbull 1972), 117 “scientifi ction” term, 18 , 128 , 154 , 194 Silent Spring (Carson, 1962), 182 , 187 Scott, Melissa, 76 Silko, Leslie Marmon, 174 Scott, Ridley, 116 , 189 Silver, Lee M., 190 Scrap Iron Man (comic book, Silverberg, Robert, 39 , 100 , 209 unpublished), 55 Simak, Clifford D., 22 , 24 , 34 “Screwfl y Solution,, The” (Sheldon/Tiptree, Simmons, Dan, 42 1977), 39 Simon, Joe, 125 , 130 Seaborn, Adam, 6 Sinclair, Upton, 87 Seconds (fi lm, Frankenheimer 1966), 117 Singh, Vandana, 55 Secret Feminist Cabal, The (Merrick, Siratori, Kenji, 55 2009), 79 Six Million Dollar Man, The (television, Secret Invasion (comic book, 2008–09), 1974–1978), 119 46 , 136 Skyfall (fi lm, 2012), 46 248

Index

Skylark of Space, The (Smith, 1928), 23 , 171 “Standing Room Only” (Fowler, 1997), 42 Slan (van Vogt, 1946), 126 , 129 Stanley Parable, The (video game, 2011), 202 Slaughterhouse-Five (Vonnegut, 1969), Star Castle (video game, 1980), 143 36 , 100 Star Fox (video game, 1993), 145 slipstream fi ction, 51 , 100 , 101 , 107 , 108n1 Star Soldier (video game, 1986), 145 Slonczewski, Joan, 95n13 Star Trek (media franchise, 1966–) Slotkin, Richard, 127 , 167 , 169 , 174 fan community of, 160 Smith, Clark Ashton, 21 , 196 , 198 , 200 , 202 franchise components, 118 Smith, E. E. “Doc,” 23 , 128 , 171 frontier thesis and, 9 , 169 Smith, George O., 87 Gaylaxian queer campaign, 78 Smith, Jeff, 79 importance to women fans, 78 Smith, Martin Cruz, 94n7 superhero theme in, 126 Smith, William, 85 tie-in novels, 43 Smokey God, The (Emerson, 1908), 8 Star Trek (television, 1966–69), 91 , 118 , 156 Snow Crash (digital game, 1992), 150 Star Trek: The Motion Picture (fi lm, Wise Snow Crash (Stephenson, 1992), 92 1979), 118 Snow White (Barthelme, 1967), 36 Star Trek: The Next Generation (television, So Long Been Dreaming: Postcolonial 1987–94), 91 , 119 , 120 Science Fiction and Fantasy Star Trek: Enterprise (television, 2001–05), (Hopkinson and Mehan, 2004), 67 46 , 48 Sobchack, Vivian, 111 , 112 , 113 , 119 Star Trek (fi lm, Abrams 2009), 119 Solaris ( 1971), 28 Star Trek Into Darkness (fi lm, 2013), 49 Some Will Not Die (Budrys, 1961), 184 Star Wars (media franchise, 1977–), 116 , Sons of Darkness, Sons of Light (Williams, 117 , 126 , 159 1969), 89 Star Wars (fi lm, Lucas 1977), 43 , 113 , “Souls” (Russ, 1982), 41 118 , 143 Source Code (fi lm, Jones 2011), 123 , 150 Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (video Southey, Robert, 84 game, 1982), 145 Soylent Green (fi lm, Fleischer 1973), 117 Star Wars: Return of the Jedi (fi lm, Space Invaders (video game, 1978), 143 Marquand 1983), 118 Space Merchants, The (Pohl and Kornbluth, Star Wars: Rogue Squadron (video game, 1953), 90 1998), 145 space opera, 22–25 , 28 , 42 , 171 Starboard Wine (Delany, 1984), 38 Space Patrol (television, 1950–1955), Starcraft (digital game, 1998), 145 25 , 114 Stargate SG-1 (television, 1997–2007), 122 “Space Rays” (Campbell, 1932), 23 , 25 Starman (fi lm, Carpenter 1984), 119 “Space Traders, The” (Bell, 1992), 64 Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand Space Wars (video game, 1977), 143 (Samuel R. Delany, 1984), 64 , 77 Spacewar! (computer game, 1962), 141 , 143 Stars My Destination, The (Bester, 1956), 32 , Spaceward Ho! (digital game, 1990), 145 126 , 182 Spawn (comic book), 133 Starship Troopers (Heinlein, 1959), 39 “speculative fi ction” term, 100 , 101 , 107 Startling Stories (pulp magazine), 153 Speer, J. B., 155 Starzl, R. F., 21 Spiderman (comic book), 131 , 132 Steam Man of the Prairies, The (Ellis, Spielberg, Steven, 46 , 48 1868), 7 Spinrad, Norman, 32 Steamfunk! (Ojetade, 2013), 64 , 66 Spockanalia (media zine, 1967), 156 steampunk, 40 Spook Country (Gibson, 2007), 52 Steiner, Rudolf, 196 Spook Who Sat by the Door, The (fi lm, Stepford Wives, The (fi lm, Forbes 1974), 118 Dixon 1973), 118 Stephenson, Neal, 92 Spook Who Sat by the Door, The (Greenlee, Sterling, Bruce, 42 , 87 , 94n8, 100 1969), 90 Stewart, Gareth, 112 Spore (digital game, 2008), 148 Stockton, Frank R., 8 , 9 249

Index

Stone, Leslie F., 23 , 88 “Tale of Negative Gravi, A” (Stockton, Stonewall Book Award, 69n18 1884), 8 “Story of Your Life” (Chiang, 1998), 176 “Tale of Plagues and Carnivals, The” Straczynski, J. Michael, 126 , 159 (Samuel R. Delany, 1984), 77 Strange Adventures (1950–1973), 25 Tales from the Crypt (comic book, Stranger in a Strange Land (Heinlein, 1961), 1950–55), 202 33 , 131 “Tamarisk Hunter, The” (Bacigalupi, 2006), Straub, Peter, 199 208–11 , 216 Stross, Charles, 105 Tarrant, Margaret, 115 Strugatsky, Arkady and Boris, 3 , 28 technology. See also science Stuart, Don A. See Campbell, John W., Jr. growing infl uence over human life, 10 Sturgeon, Theodore, 32 , 36 , 77 , 91 1970s distrust of technology, 117 Submariner (comic book), 130 space travel and, 180 Sudnow, David, 144 technological innovation as SF theme, 171 Sullivan, Robert, 55 technological optimism, 34 Sullivan, Tricia, 54 , 95n13 technological transnationalism, 4 Sunshine Patriots (Campbell, 2004), 64 warfare and military technology, 4 superhero narrative Teen Titans (comic book), 132 “Bronze Age” 1970s superheroes, 132 television Cold War “Silver Age” of, 130 early SF serials, 114 Cold War superheroes, 130 proliferation of, 180 “Golden Age” designation, 130 space opera series, 25 Marvel outsider anti-heroes, 131 Syfy cable channel, 120 post-Cold War “Dark Age,” 134 tie-in novels, 43 post-Superman superheroes, 128 twenty-fi rst century SF television Reagan-era superheroes, 133 series, 122 response to 9/11, 135 Tepper, Sheri S., 39 , 95n13 scholarly treatment of, 126 Terminal Man, The (fi lm, Hodges 1974), 117 in science fi ction, 126 Terminator (fi lm, Cameron 1984), 116 , superhero fi lm franchises, 120 119 , 172 Superman as national symbol, 128 terraforming, 173 U.S. superpower ethos and, 126 Thacker, Eugene, 200 Vietnam-era themes, 132 “That Only a Mother” (Merril, 1948), 73 World War II superheroes, 129 Them! (fi lm, Douglas 1954), 114 Superman (comic book), 126 , 128 , 129 , 130 , Theosophical Society, 196 134 , 136 They Live (fi lm, Carpenter 1988), 119 Superman (fi lm, 1948), 114 Thing From Another World, The (fi lm, Superman (fi lm, Donner 1978), 120 Nyby and Hawks 1951), 115 , Superman (radio broadcast, 1946), 130 181 , 184 Supernatural Horror in Literature (Lovecraft, Thing, The (comic book), 131 1925), 195 Thing, The (fi lm, 1951, 1982, 2011), 25 Surface (television, 2005), 45 , 47 Thing, The (fi lm, Carpenter 1982), 119 Suvin, Darko, 9 , 83 , 180 , 203 Think Galacticon, 80 Swainston, Steph, 199 “Think Like a Dinosaur” (Kelley, 1995), 42 Swanwick, Michael, 42 Thirteenth Floor, The (fi lm, Rusnak Swapper (digital game, 2013), 146 , 149 1999), 121 Swastika Night (Constantine/Burdekin, This Island Earth (1954), 25 1937), 81n10 Thomas, Sheree R., 55 , 63 Swift, Jonathan, 6 Thoreau, Henry David, 35 , 85 Symmes, John Cleves, 6 Three Hundred Years Hence (Griffi th, Symons, Arthur, 203 1836), 88 Symzonia; Voyage of Discovery (Seaborn, “Three Hundred Years Hence” (Griffi th, 1820), 6 1836), 71 250

Index

Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch, The Twilight Zone, The (television, (Dick, 1965), 91 , 104 , 171 , 210 1959–1964), 114 Threshold (television, 2005), 45 , 50 Two of Them, The (Russ, 1978), 95n13 Through the Valley of the Nest of Spiders 2001: A Space Odyssey (fi lm, Kubrick 1968), (Samuel R. Delany, 2012), 93 112 , 117 , 121 Thunderball (fi lm, Young 1965), 117 Tykwer, Tom, 53 THX 1138 (fi lm, Lucas 1978), 118 Tiger! Tiger! (U.S. : The Stars My Ubik (Dick, 1969), 91 , 104 Destination , Bester, 1957) (1956), 32 Under the Dome (television, 2013-), 122 Time Machine, The (Wells, 1895), 142 Undersea Kingdom (fi lm, 1936), 113 Time Out of Joint (Dick, 1959), 44 , 91 “Unparalleled Adventure of One Hans time travel, 8 , 41 Pfaall, The” (Poe, 1835), 6 Timely Comics, 130 , 131 “Unparalleled Invasion, The” (London, Timequake (Vonnegut, 1997), 36 1910), 8 Timescape (Benford, 1980), 42 Unveiling a Parallel (Marchant, 1893), 7 , 88 Tiptree Award, 39 , 80 US! (Bachelder, 2006), 95n10 Tiptree, James (Alice Sheldon), 36 , 38 , 73 , utopia and utopianism 95n13 See also dystopianism ; Jameson, To the Moon (digital game, 2011), 145 Fredric ; Suvin, Darko Toffl er, Alvin, 188 African American utopianism, 59 , 88–90 Tom Corbett, Space Cadet (television, alternate histories, 41 1950–1955), 25 , 114 anti-utopian backlash, 7 , 8 Tomberg, Jaak, 52 , 53 , 54 Christian utopias and, 84 , 85 , 87 Torchwood (television, 2006–11), 78 critical interventions of, 9 Total Recall (fi lm, Verhoeven 1990), 121 critical utopia, 91 totalitarianism, 35 , 47 , 55 , 90 early American utopian fi ction, 84–86 Tracy, Roger Sherman, 60 , 89 early utopian fi ction, 6 Transformers (media franchise, 2007), 122 feminist utopias, 71–72 , 87 , 88 , 95n13 transhumanism, 42 1960s queer utopianism, 91 transnationalism, 1 , 3 , 4 , 42 1960s utopian fi ction, 91 transrealism, 107 production of death and, 10 Traveler from Altruria, A (Howell, 1894), 7 Robinson as prominent writer, 41 Tron (fi lm, Lisberger 1982), 111 , 119 as sociopolitical SF, 83 Trouble on Triton (Samuel R. Delany, 1976), space exploration and, 9 37 , 43n9 , 63 , 65 , 77 , 91 transformation in commercial “True Names” (Vinge, 1981), 41 advertising, 51 Truman, Harry S., 179 utopian digital games, 146 Truman Show, The (fi lm, 1998), 44 Utopian Studies , 41 Tucker, George, 6 Tucker, Wilson, 24 Vacuum Flowers (Swanwick, 1987), 42 Turner, Frederick Jackson, 9 , 168 van Vogt, A.E., 126 , 129 , 182 Turtledove, Harry, 41 VanderMeer, Jeff, 51 , 199 Tushnet, Rebecca, 157 Veale, Kevin, 141 Twain, Mark, 8 , 85 Venus Equilateral stories (Smith, Twelve Monkeys (fi lm, Gilliam 1995), 121 1942–47), 87 24 (television, 2001–10), 46 , 48 , 50 Venus Plus X (Sturgeon, 1960), 91 20 Million Miles to Earth (fi lm, Juran Verba, Joan Marie, 156 1957), 112 Verne, Jules, 2 , 9 , 28n3 , 112 , 141 20, 000 Leagues Under the Sea (fi lm, Paton vidding, 157 , 158 1916), 112 Vietnam War, 35, 132–33 2312 (Robinson, 2012), 41 , 93 Vincent, Harl, 87 Twilight (fi lm series), 46 , 160 Vinge, Vernor, 41 , 42 , 53 “Twilight” (Stuart/Campbell, 1934), 25 Vint, Sherryl, 51 , 54 251

Index

Vinton, Arthur Dudley, 7 New Wave antiwar fi ction, 35 , 36 Visenor, Gerald, 55 in New Wave SF, 33 Vividcon, 158 planetary destruction and, 182 Vizenor, Gerald, 177 post-9/11 military intervention, 45 Vonnegut, Kurt in post-9/11 SF, 11 mainstream success of, 100 in post-apocalyptic zombie fi ction, 10 manufactured social equality in, 210 private military contractors, 56 postmodernist techniques of, 36 “Star Wars” space-based U.S. WORKS : militarization, 40 “Harrison Bergeron” (1961), 210 superweapon technology and, 172 Cat’s Cradle (1963), 36 , 100 World War II revisionings, 37 , 41 God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater Wasp Woman, The (fi lm, Corman and Hill (1965), 36 1959), 115 Slaughterhouse-Five (1969), 36 , 100 Watchmen (comic book), 126 , 133 Galápagos (1985), 36 “Water Devil, The” (Stockton, 1871), 8 Timequake (1997), 36 Watson, James, 189 Voyage of the Space Beagle, The (van Vogt, Way Station (Simak, 1963), 34 1950), 182 “We Also Walk Dogs” (Heinlein, 1941), 170 Voyage to the Moon, A (Tucker, 1827), 6 Weinbaum, Stanley G., 23 , 60 VR-5 (television, 1995), 122 Weird Tales (pulp magazine, 1923–), 153 , 194 Wachowski, Lana and Andy, 53 weird, the Waid, Mark, 130 , 136 as American genre, 196 , 201 , 202 , 203 Waking Mars (mobile digital game, as canonical genre, 200 2012), 146 colonialism and, 203 Walk to the End of the World (Chamas, invented books in, 200 1974), 74 literary precursors, 201 Walker, Karen Thompson, 216 Lovecraft concept of, 12 , 195 , 197 , 199 Walking Dead, The (fi lm series, 2010-), New Weird science fi ction, 93 , 199 46 , 47 object-oriented philosophy and, 200 Wall of the Sky, the Wall of the Eye, The trash aesthetics in, 203 (Lethem, 1996), 105 Weisinger, Mort, 126 , 137n14 Wanderground, The (Gearhart, 1979), 72 , Wells, H.G, 95n13 DNA cloning and, 186 Wandrei, Donald, 198 infl uence in digital games, 141 “War” (London, 1911), 8 infl uence on SF, 8 War of the Worlds (fi lm, 2005), 46 , 48 as pulp favorite, 194 , 195 War of the Worlds, The (Wells, 1899), 1 , 3 , as realist writer, 31 143 , 172 , 174 scientifi c romance genre in, 99 WarGames (fi lm, Badham 1983), 119 , 150 in SF survey courses, 3 Warner, Harry, Jr., 156 as transnational vs. national writer, 1 , 3 wars and violence. See also Cold War ; WORKS : imperialism/colonialism ; military The Time Machine (1895), 142 science fi ction The Island of Doctor Moreau (1896), Afrofuturist military technology, 61 , 62 142 , 186 Afrofuturist race war, 62 , 64 , 89 , 95n17 The War of the Worlds (1899), 1 , 3 , bloodless violence in magazines, 31 143 , 172 , 174 bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, “Wendigo, The” (Blackwood, 1910), 201 172 , 179 Westfahl, Gary, 4 , 5 critique of military-industrial-comples, 35 Westworld (fi lm, Crichton 1973), 117 Edisonade narratives and, 7 Whedon, Joss, 126 , 135 , 173 frontier wilderness and, 174 Wheeler, David H., 87 male aggression themes, 39 Wheeler, Joseph III, 63 252

Index

When Fox is a Thousand (Lai, 1995), 93 Wonder Stories (pulp magazine, orig. Science “When It Changed” (Russ, 1972), 38 , 74 , Wonder Stories ), 20 , 24 , 153 95n13 Wonder Woman (comic book), 129 , 130 “Whisperer in Darkness, The” (Lovecraft, Wood, Robin, 119 1931), 196 Woolf, Virginia, 31 Whispers from the Cotton Tree Root: Word for World Is Forest, The (Le Guin, Caribbean Fabulist Fiction 1976), 40 (Hopkinson, 2000), 67 Work Made Easy (fi lm, Blackton 1907), 112 White Man’s Burden: A Satirical Forecast, World Fantasy Award, 63 , 69n27 , 105 The (Tracy, 1915), 60 , 89 World Inside, The (Silverberg, 1971), 209 Whitehead, Colson, 93 , 206 World Science Fiction Convention Who Fears Death (Okorafor, 2010), 93 (Worldcon), 22 , 155 , 156 “Who Goes There? “ (Stuart/Campbell, World, the Flesh and the Devil, The (fi lm, 1938), 25 MacDougall 1959), 115 Who Killed Science Fiction? (Kemp, World War Z (Brooks, 2006), 53 1960), 27 World War Z (fi lm, Forster 2013), 46 , Wilcox, Clyde, 145 47 , 122 Wilcox, Kevin, 145 “World Well Lost, The” Wild in the Streets (fi lm, Shear 1968), 117 (Sturgeon, 1952), 77 Wild Shore, The (Robinson, 1984), 92 Wright, Farnsworth, 195 , 196 , 198 Wilde, Oscar, 203 Wright, Frances, 85 William, Gerry, 55 Wright, Jack, 7 Williams, John A., 89 Wrinkle in Time, A (L’Engle, 1962), 209 Williamson, Jack, 22 , 23 , 26 Wylie, Philip, 128 Willis, Connie, 41 Wilson, Edmund, 198 , 203 X: Beyond the Frontier (digital game, Wilson, G. Willow, 93 1999), 145 Wilson, William, 28n3 X’ed Out (comic book, 2009), 202 Windup Girl, The (Bacigalupi, 2009), 53 XCOM: Enemy Unknown (digital game, Winthrop, John, 84 2012), 46 WisCon, 80 X-COM: UFO Defense (digital game, Witch and the Chameleon, The (fanzine), 79 1993), 145 With Her in Ourland (Gilman, 1916), 88 Xena: Warrior Princess (television, Wittig, Monique, 72 1995–2001), 160 Wole Soyinka Prize for Literature in Africa, Xenogenesis trilogy (Butler, 1989, renamed 69n27 Lilith’s Brood in 2000), 41 , 64 , 76 , Wolf, Mark J.P., 140 175 , 189 Wolfe, Bernard, 91 X-Files, The (television, 1993–2002), 46 , 49 , Wolfe, Gary K., 107 50 , 120 , 122 , 160 , 202 Wolfe, Gene, 42 , 200 X-Men (comic book), 131 Wolfenstein 3D (digital game, 1992), 145 X-Men (media franchise), 190 Wollheim, Donald A., 154 , 155 Womack, Jack, 101 Yamashita, Karen Tei, 55 Woman on the Edge of Time (Piercy, 1976), Yar’s Revenge (VCS video game, 39 , 75 , 91 , 95n13 1981), 144 “Woman’s Work” (Drussai, 1956), 90 Yar’s Revenge: The Qotile Ultimatum (comic “Women in Science Fiction” (fanzine issue, book), 144 1975), 79 Yaszek, Lisa, 73 “Women Men Don’t See, The” (Sheldon/ Year Zero (ARG, 2007), 146 Tiptree, 1973), 39 , 73 , 95n13 Years of Rice and Salt, The (Robinson, Women of the Moon (fi lm, Hilton 2002), 41 1953), 115 Yiddish Policeman’s Union, The (Chabon, “Wonder Smith, The” (O’Brien, 1859), 8 2007), 51 , 105 253

Index

Zamyatin, Yevgeny, 2 zombies Zardoz (fi lm, Boorman 1974), 113 alien invasion theme and, 46 Zero History (Gibson), 52 post-9/11 zombie narratives, 47 Zero Patience (Greyson, 1993), 79 the weird and, 203 Žižek, Slavoj, 44 , 53 twenty-fi rst century Zoline, Pamela, 73 zombies, 122 Zombieland (fi lm, Fleischer 2009), 122 Zone One (Whitehead, 2011), 206

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