Lochdale’s Indigenous Club

Greetings & Introductions 2018-20

Lochdale’s Indigenous Language club

This book is dedicated to the students, staff and community of

Lochdale Community School.

Researched & Designed by Brandi Price & Lochdale Community Indigenous Students. Photo Credits: Brandi Price Picture Credits: Pixabay.com Audio Recording: Lochdale Community Indigenous students Edited by Burnaby Indigenous Education Team 2018-2020

Table of Contents

1. What is Indigenous Language Club? Page 2 2. Acknowledgements Page 2 2. Nuučaan̓ uɫ-Barkley Sound Page 3 3. Denésoliné Page 4 4. Sm'algyax Page 5 5. Denesųłiné Page 6 6. Nēhiyawēwin– Y Page 7-8 7. Sm’algyax Page 9 8. Nēhiyawēwin– Y Dialect Page 10 9. Nuučaan̓ uɫ-Barkley Sound Page 11 10. Denesųłiné Page 12 11. Nēhiyawēwin– Y Dialect Page 13 12. Ucwalmícwts Page 14 13. Lakȟótiyapi Page 15 14. Page 16 15. Kwak’wala Page 17 16. Indigenous Language Map of Page 18 17. Map of the World Page 19 18. UNESCO status of Indigenous in Canada Page 20-21

18. Resources Page 22

What is Indigenous Language Club?

Lochdale Community school language club is a safe place for students to increase their awareness of the Indigenous languages in Canada and is inclusive to all languages. All Indigenous languages in Canada are at a high risk of becoming endangered or extinct due to the impacts of colonization and residential schools. Indigenous communities are currently engaged in a variety of efforts to maintain and revitalize their languages. Using the Truth And Reconciliation (TRC), section 13 and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous peoples (UNDRIP), 13 as a guide, I wanted to create an opportunity for urban indigenous students who come from various cultural backgrounds to explore, learn, research and play with their ancestral language through firstvoices.com, learnmichif.com, youtube and other online platforms. This year, our focus is to build knowledge on their identity, boost self-esteem, confidence and instill pride. We acknowledge that Indigenous languages rely heavily on oral speaking, therefore, the written and oral aspects within this book will vary from community to community. This book is considered a working document therefore there may be errors in both the written and oral component. Mistakes are a natural part of language learning. The and phrases represent survival level only.

Acknowledgements

We respectfully thank the three host nations of Sḵwx̱ wú7mesh (Squamish), xʷməθkʷəy̓ əm (Musqueam) and səl̓ ilwətaɁɬ (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations for allowing us to learn our languages in their traditional unceded territory. Also, we would like to thank and acknowledge the Indigenous Education Team, Burnaby School District administration, parents and community members for supporting our students on this life-long journey. Finally, a special thank you to our Indigenous elders and their respective communities for your strength, love and knowledge for allowing your voices to be recorded to ensure it is passed down to the next generation of learners.

Gila Kasla, Ms. Brandi Price, We Wai Kai Nation Indigenous Resource Teacher Brentwood Zone (Elementary)

2 čačim hihak kʷaa. Hello ʔukłaamaḥ Mason. My name is Mason.

3 Edlanet’e. Bonjour Josh húshye. Je m’appelle Josh

4 ‘Niit! Hello! Zoë di waayu. My name is Zoë.

5 Edlanet’e. Bonjour Naveah húshye. Je m’appelle Naveah

6 Tansi! Hello, How are you? Wolf nitisiyihkâson

7 Tansi! Bonjour Evelyn nitisiyihkâson Je m’appelle Evelyn

8

‘Niit, nda wila waan. Hello, how are you doing? Maddie di waayu My name is Maddie.

9 Tanisi! Bonjour! Kailen nitisiyihkâson Je m’appelle Kailen

10 čačim hihak kʷaa Hello ʔukłaamaḥ Anthony My name is Anthony

11 Edlanet’e. Bonjour Daniel húshye. Je m’appelle Daniel

12 Tansi! Hello, How are you? Lucy nitisiyihkâson My name is Lucy

13 Listen to our friend Malik say “Hello!” k̓alhwá7acw

14 15 16 Gila Kasla! Bonjour! Ms.Brandiƛən Je m’appelle Ms. Brandi

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language from? language

Where is your ancestral ancestral is your Where

Map of the World World the of Map

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UNESCO status of Indigenous

UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) states that there are approximate- ly 70 distinct Indigenous languages within 12 language families (a set of languages that currently spoken across Canada today. A majority of those languages are in the province of British Colombia. There are also notable dialect differences within the language groups. In addition, Statistics Canada shows that the overall number of speakers has grown by 3.1% in the last 10 years. UNESCO defines four levels of endangerment ranging from safe (not endangered) to extinct (no living speakers). The levels of endangerment are: 1) Vulnerable (not spoken by children outside their home) 2) Definitely endangered (children not speaking) 3) Severely endangered (spoken by the oldest generation) 4) Critically endangered (spoken by few of the oldest generations). Denésuliné Language: Denésuliné is an Indigenous language spoken bye the Dené peoples in the Subarctic region of Canada. Their communities spans from , Yukon, , , , and including Southwestern . Their language belongs to the Athabaskan linguistic family. According to UNESCO, Denésuliné is definitely endangered, which that most children no longer learn their mother language in their home, therefore it’s a high risk of becoming severely endangered. Hən̓ q̓ əmin̓ əm̓ Language: Hən̓ q̓ əmin̓ əm̓ is a Indigenous language spoken by the xʷməθkʷəy̓ əm (Musqueam) and səl̓ ilwətaɁɬ (Tsleil-Waututh) peoples. It is one of the three of within the Salishan in Southwest of and Washington State region. According to UNESCO, hən̓ q̓ əmin̓ əm̓ is severely endangered, which means there are few speakers and is at high risk of becoming extinct. Currently, the University of British Columbia offers courses on UBC campus. Kwak’wala Language: Kwak’wala is an Indigenous language spoken by the Kwakwaka’wakw peoples in BC. It belongs to the Wakashan linguistic language family. It is one of five dialects in the North eastern Vancouver Island and adjacent mainland region. According the UNESCO, the status of the Kwak’wala language is critically endangered, which means there are very few speakers, therefore at high risk of becoming extinct. Lakȟótiyapi Language: Lakȟótiyapi is an Indigenous language spoken by the in both Canada and the United States. It is one of three dialects within the Siouan language family. According to UNESCO, the status of Lakȟótiyapi is critically endangered, which means there very few speakers, therefore is at risk of becoming extinct. Michif Language: Michif Language is a language spoken by the Metis people that developed around the Red River settlement in Manitoba. Michif is mainly a combination of and French and also borrows from English and other Indigenous languages including Ojibwe. According to UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages, the Michif language is critically endangered which means there are few speakers, therefore is a high risk of becoming extinct.

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UNESCO status of Indigenous languages of Canada Con’t

Nēhiyawēwin Language: Nēhiyawēwin (Plains Cree-Y) is an Indigenous language spoken by the Plains Cree peoples in the region of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and (USA). It belongs to the Algonquian linguistic family. Nēhiyawēwin language is one of eight dialects. According to UNESCO, the status of the Plains is considered vulnerable, which means although there are many speakers of this language, it is still at risk of becoming definitely endangered. Nuučaan̓ uɫ Language: Nuučaan̓ uɫ is an Indigenous language spoken by the Nuu-chan-nulth peoples. It belongs to the Wakashan linguistic family. Their territory is Hesquiaht is one of 12 dialects located in the Central region on West Vancouver Island. According to the UNESCO, the status of the Nuučaan̓ uɫ is considered critically endangered, which means which means there are very few speakers, therefore at high risk of becoming extinct. Sm'algyax Language: Sm'algyax is an Indigenous language spoken by the Tsimshian peoples in the Northwest region of British Co- lumbia and southeast region of Alaska. It belongs to the Tsimshianic language family and is closely related to the Gitxanemix language. According to UNESCO, the status of the language is critically endangered, which means there are few speakers, therefore it is at high risk of becoming extinct. Sḵwx̱ wú7mesh Language: Sḵwx̱ wú7mesh is an Indigenous language spoken by the Squamish peoples in the Vancouver area of British Columbia, Canada. It is one of many dialects within the Salishan linguistic language family in the Southwest of British Columbia and Washington State. According to UNESCO, the status of the language is severely endangered, which means it is at high risk of becoming extinct. Currently, Simon Fraser University offers a full time immersion program on the downtown SFU campus in Vancouver. Ucwalmícwts Language: Ucwalmícwts is an Indigenous language spoken by the Lil’wat peoples in the Mount Currie region. Their tradi- tional territory includes the Whistler area where they have co-existed peacefully with the Sḵwx̱ wú7mesh peoples since time immemorial. Ucwalmícwts is one of two Sƛ’aƛ’imxǝc (St̓át̓imcets) dialects and belongs to the Interior Salish linguistic family. According to UNESCO, the status of the language is severely endangered, which means there are some older speakers and is at high risk of becoming critically endangered or extinct.

21 Resources

"Chapter One Making Introductions – Two Dialogues and Vocabulary from Solomon Ratt." Cree Literacy Net- work. October 02, 2017. Accessed May 08, 2019. https://creeliteracy.org/2014/09/12/making-introductions-two- dialogues-and-vocabulary-from-solomon-ratt/.

Fpcc. FirstVoices. 2000-2019. Accessed April 24, 2019. https://www.firstvoices.com/explore/FV/sections/Data/ Athabascan//Dene.

Fpcc. FirstVoices. Accessed May 08, 2019. https://www.firstvoices.com/explore/FV/sections/Data/Nuu-chah- nulth/Nuučaan̓ uɫ/Nuu-chah-nulth (Barkley).

Fpcc. FirstVoices. Accessed May 08, 2019. https://www.firstvoices.com/explore/FV/sections/Data/St̕át̕imc/ Lil'wat/Líl̓ wat. Fpcc. FirstVoices. Accessed May 08, 2019. https://www.firstvoices.com/explore/FV/sections/Data/Kwak'wala/ Kwak̓ wala/Kwak̓ wala/learn.

Herman, Cheryl. "My Name ıs." YouTube. January 28, 2019. Accessed April 24, 2019. https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cKnOw3NyDw.

Park, Indrek, Dr. "Iyúškiŋyaŋ Lakȟól’iyapi Uŋspéwičhakhiyapi." Project. American Indian Research Institute: Indiana University. http://www.lakotalanguageproject.org/res/High%20School%201% 20Sample.pdf

"Start Speaking Michif." Greetings | LearnMichif.com. Accessed May 08, 2019. http://www.learnmichif.com/ language/greetings.

Shields, LaShay. "How to Introduce Yourself to a Crowd in Lakota." YouTube. July 10, 2015. Accessed May 08, 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G3GYwXCzSlo.

"Sm'algyax Living Legacy Talking Dictionary." Web.unbc.ca Home Page. April 2013. Accessed April 24, 2019. http://web.unbc.ca/~smalgyax/.

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●Thank You ●Merci ●Gracias

Denésoliné Sm'algya

Lakȟótiyapi

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Ucwalmícwts

Hən̓ q̓ əmin̓ əm̓ Sḵwx̱ wú7mesh