IMPROVING MALAYSIAN TOLLED HIGHWAYS OPERATIONS USING INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS (ITS)

Abu Bakar Bin Hashim MalaysianMalaysian HighwayHighway AuthorityAuthority (MHA)(MHA) Background Of MHA

„ StatutoryStatutory BodyBody UnderUnder MinistryMinistry OfOf

PUBLIC WORKS WorksWorks DEPARTMENT

„ SetupSetup inin 19801980 HIGHWAY PLANNING UNIT ROADS

MALAYSIAN HIGHWAY MALAYSIAN HIGHWAY AUTHORITY AUTHORITY BUILDINGS MINISTRYMINISTRY OF OF WORKS WORKS CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY MALAYSIAMALAYSIA DEVELOPMENT BOARD WATER SUPPLIES BOARD OF ENGINEER S STATE PWD’s BOARD OF ARCHITECTS

BOARD OF SURVEYORS expressways

MHA Responsible for all toll highways and in Malaysia

MINISTRY OF WORKS MALAYSIA

PUBLIC WORKS MALAYSIAN HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT AUTHORITY

1. Government Agency 1. A Statutory Body Established under an Act of 2. Responsible for the provision Parliament ( Act 231,1980 ) of infrastructures and public utilities specifically roads, 2. Responsible for all toll water supplies, buildings, highways and expressways airports, ports and jetties in in Malaysia the country. A Few Facts On Malaysia

¾ Total Land Area - 329,727 sq. km ¾ Population in Q3-2005 - 26.26 million* ¾ Registered Vehicles - 13.12 million** ¾ LengthLength ofof RoadsRoads

Toll Highways - 1,492.3 km Other Federal Roads + State Roads - 75,732.7 km Total 77,225.0 km

* Department of Statistics, Malaysia ** Department of Road Transport, Malaysia Registered No. Of Motor Vehicles In Malaysia

(Average traffic growth ~ 7%) 13.12 12.19 14 11.39 10.7 12 9.39 10.02

8.8 10 8.41 7.57 6.81 8 6.18

6

4 NO. OF MOTOR VEHICLES (Millions) (Millions) VEHICLES MOTOR OF NO.

2

0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 YEAR

Source: Department of Road Transport, Malaysia The Advent of Toll Highway Privatization

27 privatised toll highway

Privatisation took Private sector most off in late 1980’s active in middle 1990’s

20 companies 4 projects under in operations construction

1,492.3 km 3 projects in operations yet to begin construction Role of MHA in Highway Privatization

Monitoring & Regulatory Body

Carries out the overseeing rights of the government

Supervision Monitoring Regulatory

Design, construction, operation and maintenance of privatised toll highway projects information of material for monitoring To approve design brief and detailed design of works Acquisition of reports on quality control tests & work progress Make site visits, witness quality control test & inspect site records Requisition Acquisition of land for project „ „ „ „ „

Rights and Obligations of MHA Current Functions Rights and Obligations of MHA (Cont)

„ Carry out safety audit & gazette for highway opening „ Acquisition of maintenance & inspection reports during operation „ Direct further investigations & the carrying out of maintenance & repair works „ Inspect the highway & its facilities & monitor the traffic volume Rights & Obligations of Concession Company Design, construction Obtain financing & Improvement works for project on highways

Install tolling & other equipment Concession Company

Operate & maintain the highway

Hand over the concession Collect toll area at no cost to the government on expiry of concession Number Of Privatized Toll Highway In Operation

25 20 20

15 13 10

Number 10

5 2 1 0 81-85 (4th) 86-90 (5th) 91-95(6th) 96-00(7th) 01-05(8th) Malaysia Plan Period Total Highway Length (km)

1600 1492.3

1400 1220 1200 960 1000

800

600 485 Total length (km) 400 219 200

0 81-85 (4th 86-90 (5th 91-95 (6th 96-00 (7th 01-05 (8th plan) Plan) Plan) Plan) Plan) Malaysia Plan Period MAJOR INTER URBAN HIGHWAYS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA Highways In Klang Valley ITS User Services Implemented For Tolled Highways

Traffic Management 1 Transportation Planning Support (ATMS – Advanced Traffic 2 Traffic Control Management Systems) 3 Incident Management 4 Demand Management … 6 Infrastructure Maintenance Management Traveler Information 7 Pretrip Information (ATIS – Advances 8 On-trip Driver Information Traveller Information Systems) … 10 Personal Information Services …. Emergency Management 26 Emergency Notification And Personal Security (EMS) 27 Emergency Vehicle Management 28 Hazardous Materials And Incident Notification Electronic Payment (EP) 29 Electronic Financial Transactions … ITS Implementation

TwoTwo majormajor ITSITS componentscomponents implementedimplemented onon tolledtolled highways:highways: „ElectronicElectronic RoadRoad PricingPricing „TrafficTraffic ControlControl andand SurveillanceSurveillance SystemSystem Electronic Road Pricing

„ ElectronicElectronic TagTag SystemSystem „ ContactContact--lessless SmartSmart CardCard SystemSystem Contact-less Smart Card System

„ 11st implementedimplemented forfor PenangPenang BridgeBridge inin 19951995 „ AsAs prepaidprepaid cardcard „ ReplacementReplacement ofof prepre--printedprinted discountdiscount vouchervoucher Electronic Tag System (ETC)

„ 11st implementedimplemented forfor PenangPenang BridgeBridge inin 19951995 „ UsedUsed 2.452.45 GhzGhz microwavemicrowave oneone piecepiece tagtag „ OtherOther implementationimplementation byby otherother highwayhighway usedused 5.85.8 GhzGhz microwavemicrowave oneone piecepiece tag.tag. Issues On Electronic Tag Implementation

„ ThereThere waswas nono standardstandard readyready toto bebe adopted.adopted. „ DifferentDifferent concessionconcession company,company, usedused differentdifferent systemsystem offeredoffered byby differentdifferent vendorvendor // manufacturer.manufacturer. „ UsersUsers needneed toto investinvest onon moremore thanthan oneone tag.tag. The Move To Use Common Tag

„ InIn 2004,2004, thethe governmentgovernment standardizedstandardized thethe ETCETC andand allall highwayhighway operatorsoperators havehave nownow adoptedadopted contactlesscontactless paymentpayment methodmethod basedbased onon thethe IRIR frequency.frequency. UnderUnder thethe concessionconcession agreements,agreements, concessionconcession companiescompanies areare requiredrequired toto establishestablish TrafficTraffic SurveillanceSurveillance andand ControlControl SystemSystem inin orderorder toto managemanage thethe highwayshighways efficientlyefficiently andand effectively.effectively. TCSS Major Functions

„ Traffic information collection – Traffic congestion (loop) – Speed detector – Emergency call (SOS) – CCTV (video) „ Traffic information processing – GIS – Data fusion (alarm) „ Traffic information dissemination – Traffic advisory (VMS) – Speed display „ Decision execution and enforcement – Incident management Traffic Information Collection EMERGENCY TELEPHONE SYSTEM - AT EVERY 2 KM Vehicle Detection System (VDS) -loop Vehicle Detector Closed Circuit Television Camera (CCTV) - For Traffic Surveillance / Vehicle Detector Information Processing TRAFFIC CONTROL AND MONITORING CENTRE (TMC) Information Dissemination Variable Message Signboard (VMS) Speed Detector & Display Installed Components

LIST OF HIGHWAYS CCTV VMS VDS/AVDS NORTH SOUTH EXPRESSWAY 55 8 37

NORTH SOUTH EXPRESSWAY CENTRAL LINK 2 12 8

SHAH ALAM EXPRESSWAY 15 4 9

WESTERN KL TRAFFIC DISPERSAL SCHEME HIGHWAY 41 12 5

DAMANSARA-PUCHONG HIGHWAY 19 5 4

PENANG BRIDGE 15 4 -

MALAYSIA-SINGAPORE SECOND CROSSING 7 12 11 EXPRESSWAY NEW NORTH KLANG STRAIT BYPASS HIGHWAY 9 3 5

AMPANG ELEVATED HIGHWAY 13 3 37

NEW PANTAI EXPRESSWAY 15 5 6

KAJANG TRAFFIC DISPERSAL RING ROAD 23 6 26

GUTHRIE CORRIDOR EXPRESSWAY 8 5 -

EAST COAST EXPRESSWAY 3 6 12 Types Of Information Traffic Congestion Accidents

Landslide Flood Actions To Be Taken PATROL TEAM Current System - Weaknesses:

Each Highway Concessionaire has its own Traffic Control Centre Other - No sharing of information Highways

KESAS LDP/SPRINT

NO INTEGRATION & COORDINATION Each control centre operates No coordination independently. amongst the various centres NPE No automation. PLUS especially in Reliability of emergencies. reaction and response time in emergencies a concern because system is too Current System’s Weaknesses (Example) No Sharing of Information Should I advise driver to use alternative road? But NKVE I don’t know the traffic condition at other highways…. Damansara LDP KL Federal I am working at Highway KL Damansara, Should ELITE Accident LDP Control I go there via Centre Cable KESAS-ELITE- Congested NKVE ? What is the

Bridge Highway Besi Sg. Area traffic condition NPE over there?

KESAS I am working at KL, KESAS Should I go there via NPE or KESAS- Sg. Besi Highway? What is the traffic condition over there? Puchong Way Forward……

MALAYSIAN HIGHWAY AUTHORITY TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT CENTRE (LLMTMC) TMC Overview

Other LDP/SPRINT KESAS Highways

LLM Traffic Control Centre

PLUS NPE Traffic Information

Public TMC Objectives:

1. RealReal timetime supervision & communication centre for the highway network under the authority of LLM.

2. Double as emergencyemergency control and supervision centre.

3. As foundation & basis for integrationintegration andand standardizationstandardization of Traffic Control Centers for privatized highways.

4. As focalfocal pointpoint for national level integration to other road networks (Municipalities, Non privatized roads). PLUS LDP/SPRINT point of view. point of view. ” ” the highway concessionaires the highway concessionaires Other Highways NETWORK NETWORK “ “ NPE KESAS TMC Operations Concept operation from a Monitor and supervise Monitor and supervise operation from a 1. Allows LLM to : Allows LLM to : 1. Public VMS SMS Internet LLM TCC Other KESAS Highways TMC Operations Concept emphasis on improving service quality to highway users, example provision of traffic information. emphasis on improving service quality to highway users, example provision of traffic information. LDP/SPRINT 2. Coordinate actions amongst multiple concessionaires with Allows LLM to : Allows LLM to : 2. Coordinate actions amongst multiple concessionaires with Sg. Besi Highway KL Damansara NPE Federal Highway KESAS Area NKVE Congested Congested Accident LDP Puchong Cable Bridge

KESAS ELITE TMC Operations Concept management especially at interchanges involving 2 highways. This is important especially in emergencies. management especially at interchanges involving 2 highways. This is important especially in emergencies. 3. Eliminate blind spots and grey areas in traffic Allow LLM to : Allow LLM to : 3. Eliminate blind spots and grey areas in traffic Advice Regulation Action Statistic Verification Analysis Voice Visual Comm Input Traffic Data TMC Operations Concept purposes. purposes. 4. Collect and analyze real time traffic data for planning Allow LLM to : Allow LLM to : 4. Collect and analyze real time traffic data for planning TMC–RCC Integrations

PLUS RCC LDP/ Kesas RCC SPRINT RCC Elite RCC NPE RCC

LLM PBSB RCC Traffic GCE RCC Management Center Linkedua Shahpadu RCC RCC

ProLintas LPT SILK RCC RCC RCC Physical Interfaces

PLUS KESAS NPE LDP/SPRINT

Interface Interface Interface Interface Server Server Server Server

Telco Infra. An interface server will be located at each control centre to pull 3 main components: and transmit traffic data to LLM Traffic Control 1. Interface Server Centre. NO MODIFICATION is 2. Telco infrastructure needed to their existing system 3. LLM TCC Setup

LLM Traffic Control Centre TMC-RCC Connectivity

LLM TMC

Concessionaire’s Existing TCSS Wide Area Network New

LLM Remote Server

Concessionaire’s Control Center TMC Operation Room Logical Integrations

PLUS KESAS NPE LDP/SPRINT

Middleware Middleware Middleware Middleware

Middleware

LLM Traffic Control Centre TMC System Integration

„ Variable Message Signs – Retrieval of current message text and equipment status

„ Vehicle Detection System (VDS) – Retrieval of VDS data and equipment status

„ Surveillance CCTV – Retrieval and recording of video inputs – Control of PTZ will be assisted by the concessionaire’s control center.

„ Voice Communication (New) – Point to point among RCCs and TMC. RCC System Setup

Concessionaire’s Control Center Wide Area Network

IP Phone (new) Concessionaire’s Existing TCSS Leased line (New)

Hub (new) Router and Existing Hub Firewall (New)

LLM Remote Server (New) Existing Video Server Video Transmission /CCTV Controller Equipments (New) TMC Immediate Benefits:

„ RealReal timetime monitoringmonitoring forfor LLMLLM „ ProperProper communicationcommunication betweenbetween LLMLLM andand concessionairesconcessionaires „ CentralizedCentralized coordinationcoordination „ CentralCentral datadata processingprocessing „ SingleSingle pointpoint ofof highwayhighway informationinformation toto publicpublic andand motoristmotorist „ Collect and monitor traffic information from concessionaires: video and data „ Manage and advice concessionaires „ Analyze statistical data „ Publish Information; –Web –SMS – MMS Road Map With Traffic Condition On The WEB Role Play

PUBLIC

KESAS LDP/SPRINT

LLMLLM TMCTMC Benefits Of ITS For All

„ Reducing Accidents – Incident detection and warning systems – Faster emergency response time „ Helping to Relieve Congestion – Demand management „ Electronic payment – Network Efficiency „ Incident detection and management „ Driver information – Encouraging Modal Shift „ Pretrip planning „ Productivity and Operational Efficiency – Electronic toll collection „ Comfort Factors – Real-time traffic information Future….. Enhancement of ITS for Malaysia Highways

„ To Enhance Data Collection – To install more detectors – To install more CCTV cameras – To integrate with other control centers „ To Enhance Data Processing – To provide advance GIS system – To provide advance system for traffic management and incident management „ To Enhance Information Distribution – To install more VMS – To install dynamic graphical signboard – To have direct communication with broadcasters – To integrate with other control centers – To provide traffic info kiosk at strategic locations The Future

Variable Traffic Message

Signboard (VTMS) •Graphic Color Display for Velocity •Travel Time Display •Text Message Display Highway Information Terminal Highway Information Terminal

User may access the system to gather traffic information via website, kiosk terminal or online audio attendance. The implementation of the system can reduce traveling time, cost, free flow of traffic and also dynamical map. Information terminals are installed at service and parking area to supply information regarding expressways in the vicinity and information on sightseeing and other leisure activities. The Vital Component

VehicleVehicle DetectorsDetectors „ CityCity AreaArea –– everyevery 500500 mm ––EnableEnable moremore accurateaccurate infoinfo ofof traffictraffic conditioncondition duedue toto highhigh traffictraffic volumevolume „ HighwayHighway –– everyevery 22 KmKm ––SufficientSufficient toto detectdetect traffictraffic conditioncondition forfor betterbetter serviceservice levellevel highwayhighway Automatic Congestion Detecting System

Number of traveling vehicles, their speed and traffic density are measured by vehicle detectors installed at 2 kilometer intervals on the Expressways.

Computer aided system automatically identifies congestion and provides motorist with timely and accurate information on congestion length and travel time. Thank you Similar Model in UK

• National Traffic Control Centre (NTCC) at Birmingham, England built by Highway Agency.

• The NTCC provides traffic information via a website, telephone, VMS and travel news media.

• Each of the 7 RCC’s around the country will exchange data with the NTCC to enable seamless management of the Highway Agency network.

• The NTCC gather real time information from across the motorway network, making the lives of road users easier by keeping them better informed and making journey times more reliable.