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Description of Bukhara As the Patriotic Poem of Tajik-Persian Poetry and the Issues of Remaining Poetry

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Description of Bukhara As the Patriotic Poem of Tajik-Persian Poetry and the Issues of Remaining Poetry Journal of Critical Reviews ISSN- 2394-5125 Vol 7, Issue 11, 2020 DESCRIPTION OF BUKHARA AS THE PATRIOTIC POEM OF TAJIK-PERSIAN POETRY AND THE ISSUES OF REMAINING POETRY Hazratkuliyon Dilshoda Farxodzod1, Majitova Sabohat Jamilovna2 1Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associated Professor, Samarkand State University. [email protected] 2Doctor of Philosophy in Philology (PhD), Samarkand State University. Received: 05.04.2020 Revised: 12.05.2020 Accepted: 03.06.2020 Abstract This article dedicated to the studies about the description of praise of Bukhara and their using in Tajik-Persian poems. The themes of praise in Tajik-Persian poems were renowned from the ancient time. But the praise of motherland did not have an official political and social meaning in the famous Farsi (Persian) poets’ poems. At the beginning of XX century the people of all around the world achieved the significance of development of modern sciences and in this way the social consciousness increased and the ability of social thoughts of poets enhanced. In this context the social poetry activated and the patriotic tones become known with its political and social character of literature. Therefore the Tajik patriotic poems overfilled with the ideas of national aspiration at the end of Soviet Union and also after the National Independence. In this period the description and praise of Bukhara obtained the national solidarity, status of cultures and glory of nations. Keywords: Description, Motherland, Bukhara, Rudaki, Fitrat, Tajik Poetry of Uzbekistan, Remaining Poem. © 2020 by Advance Scientific Research. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.11.65 INTRODUCTION but during the learning the researcher can determines the literal Daily topic. This theme analyzes the overview of poems’ significance of poetries. structures as the bridge of the relationship between the poet and reader. From that time when the poet gave his thoughts in a Aim of research. Learning the place of poetry about the separate model of poetry, he had stepped the knowledge of description of Bukhara are known as the way of loving poetries humanity and world. As further the person walks in literature the in Persian poets and modern Tajik poets’ creations, that it is the more his/her ideas spread in the poetry. Thus, from the past time special aim of our research. the Tajik-Persian poets has spoken about the human ideas and Research methods. It was necessary that for praising of the experiences and tried to develop the Persian-Tajik literature. The classical Persian poetry might be use by the comparative themes of love, morality, nature, and social issues have their historical methods and point to the classical Persian poets, in special places in literature. Patriotism also is one of the order to show the uniqueness of the poem in honor of Bukhara as important themes in Persian-Tajik poetry. In classical literature a symbol of patriotic poetry. the best patriotic epic book is “Shahnameh” of Ferdousi. In this way, the praise of the ancient city Bukhara can be seen in the Results of research and discussion. It is known that the praise poetries of poets of different periods, which considers as the of motherland was not unknown as an equal socio-political, the aspect of patriotic poetry. birthplace concept and also the source pride of mass poetry. But in any case some of those poets sincerely remembered of their Praising Bukhara as the motherland and the historical place of birthplaces, or praised them to the big cities for life and growing, sciences and culture of Persian poetry started from the famous especially Bukhara the centre of knowledge and culture. The poet Abuabdullo Rudaki-i Samarkandi and continued till the most beautiful poem conducted of this theme is called “Buyi juyi beginning of XX century in the classical medieval poets. Praising Muliyon” (Seeking of Mulliyon smell’), “Har bod, ki az sui of motherland, great cities, especially Bukhara was mentioned in Bukhara ba man oyad” (Each wind coming from Bukhoro to me”), the legacy of genius poets as Hafiz, Mavlavi, Jami and any other which means the symbol of miss, depend to the masterpiece of poets. Only on the following of the poem “Buyi juyi Muliyon” of Rudaki -a great person of the literary environment of ancient Rudaki during the centuries were composed many poems, as well Bukhara. In these poems describes mostly the popularity, as the last poets Payrav Sulaymoni and Paymon – the modern historically and beauty of Bukhara city. In spite of its simple poet of Uzbekistan had wrote the answer-poem. literal image and poet’s expression the poems are full of spiritual In modern time the history of Tajik literature, by the poets’ feeling and delighted imagination. confirmation are more about the praise of motherland, that has Grief in the poems about Bukhara seems in many poems until started from the pioneer poet Abdurauf Fitrat. The social essence now, that originally was used in Rudaki’s legacy and it is more is more usable in his legacy. In the literature of the National feels in “Qasidai shikoyat az piri” (“The poem of complaint of Independence period the description of Bukhara in poets’ poems oldness”). It was written during the poet’s old age the period of in spite of the patriotic meaning has got the dream significants. the beginning recession of Bukhara Emirate in Khorasan and Nowadays this theme has used in Tajik poets of living in Maverannahr: Uzbekistan in the creations of many of their poets and each of them has got their own ability and delight. Ту, Рӯдакиро, эй моҳрӯ, кунун ҳаме бинӣ, To analyze this theme is notability opens the development of Бад он замона надидӣ, ки инчунин он буд... Tajik literature in Uzbekistan, literal meaning of poets’ legacy, Шуд он замона, ки шеъраш ҳама ҷаҳон бишунуфт, methods of literal creation, especially has the great place in Шуд он замона, ки ӯ шоири Хуросон буд. (4,21) patriotic poems of Tajik poets. This theme externally is simple, Translation: Journal of critical reviews 371 DESCRIPTION OF BUKHARA AS THE PATRIOTIC POEM OF TAJIK-PERSIAN POETRY AND THE ISSUES OF REMAINING POETRY You see Rudaki, Oh, beauty now, You’r angel! But all the badness in your face Past time you haven’t see as right now… Now I see you how you are annoyed on the land That time His poems occupied the world, Finally you weren’t in the real way? You know that time he was the poet of Khorasan Finally you didn’t have a brave? Oh, you are the silent of this land Feeling of missing Bukhara “Each wind coming from Bukhoro to For what you are impatient? Oh! me” (“Har bod, ki az suyi Bukhoro ba man oyad”) or dynast of You were the hope of world, how? Bukhara to the city (“Hey Bukhara be happy live long, The dynast Why are you living everyone? For what wishes?! (3,169) of Bukhara today is coming as a guest”) reflecting in poet’s legacy as the kind if patriotic meanings. From the point of view of Kholiq According to the literary critic Muhammadjon Shakuri-i Mirzozoda “the name of Bukhara are mentioned many time in Bukharai, who in the last years of his life was more interested in Rudaki poems and those poems has the social patriotic the study of modern literature and representative of the social meanings”[8]. and literary process had mentioned that "this poem is probably the first poem about praising Bukhara... In literature, the word "motherland” has given more social meaning and appeared the In one remaining sample poem of Samanid’s poet named concept of “mother and motherland …” [9]. Abulhasan Ali binni Muhammad Lukari mentioned Bukhara like: Бухоро беҳтар аз Лӯкар, худовандо, ҳамедонӣ, In Fitrat’s poems the land of Bukhara named “mother”. The poet Валекин курд нашкебид аз дӯғи биёбонӣ... (5,134) like a patriotic person proud of his motherland and noticed his roots from Bukhara, which was not happy at that bad situation of Translation: his homeland. The feeling of proud of the poet is understandable Bukhara is better than Lukar, O’ Lord! You know, in the first beyt. But the kurd didn’t left the furthest desert. In second and third beyts Bukhara’s significant has shown in order and the poet used the exaggeration properties. The Except of the reader the poet says that how Bukhara is better popularity and power of this great city has been greatly than Lukar, the kurd didn’t tolerate it for the hottest desert as it enhanced. In the following verses, Fitrat had shown the birthplace. For the person who was born there is more sincere similitude of Bukhara to the spirit and the throne. From the point than in any other places, which we see in the patriotic poems. of the view of the poet, this spirit has left in a dead coffin, and the In this order, further the poets as Hafiz and Kamal, Mavlavi and throne is buried in the ground. These are the exaggerated Jami and etc., composed the description and history of their metaphors, which have made the poet's speech more eloquent motherland as the large cities – Balkh, Bukhara, Samarkand, and effective. The poet's grief has deep-roots, because he was Khujand, Hirot and any other cities in the beyts and poems. saddened by the situation of Bukhara “the hope of Tajik people But in any case the poems about love of motherland with its and it became a key part of aspirations and ideals of the Tajik social significant in XX century of Modern literature have its main Enlightenment”(3,171).
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