Artful Words: Calligraphy in Illuminated Manuscripts December 18, 2018 to April 7, 2019 the J

Artful Words: Calligraphy in Illuminated Manuscripts December 18, 2018 to April 7, 2019 The J. Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Center

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1. Unknown Carolingian artist 2. Malnazar

DEC_L TR_20 18 Decorated Initial V Armenian, active about 1630s Decorated Initial E, about 845 and Aghap'ir Leaf from a Bible Armenian, active about 1630s

DEC_L TR_20 Iron gall ink on parchment with tempera 18 Saint Matthew, 1637 - 1638 Leaf (cut in two, lengthwise): 45.1 × 25.1 cm (17 3/4 × 9 from Bible 7/8 in.) Tempera colors, gold paint, and gold leaf on parchment The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Leaf: 25.2 × 18.3 cm (9 15/16 × 7 3/16 in.) Ms. Ludwig I 1, leaf 7 (83.MA.50.7.recto) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. Ludwig I 14, fol. 495v (83.MA.63.495v)

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3. Malnazar 4. Malnazar Armenian, active about 1630s Armenian, active about 1630s and Aghap'ir and Aghap'ir Armenian, active about 1630s Armenian, active about 1630s

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Decorated Incipit Page, about 1637-38 18 Saint Luke, 1637 - 1638 from Bible from Bible Tempera colors, gold paint, and gold leaf on parchment Tempera colors, gold paint, and gold leaf on parchment Leaf: 25.2 × 18.3 cm (9 15/16 × 7 3/16 in.) Leaf: 25.2 × 18.3 cm (9 15/16 × 7 3/16 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. Ludwig I 14, fol. 496 (83.MA.63.496) Ms. Ludwig I 14, fol. 522v (83.MA.63.522v)

December 12, 2018 Page 1 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/

5. Malnazar 6. Jacobellus of Salerno Armenian, active about 1630s Italian, active about 1270

DEC_L TR_20 and Aghap'ir 18 Signed Page of Music, about 1270 Armenian, active about 1630s from Gradual

DEC_L TR_20 18 Decorated Incipit Page, about 1637-38 Ink on parchment from Bible Leaf: 46.4 × 32.1 cm (18 1/4 × 12 5/8 in.) Tempera colors, gold paint, and gold leaf on parchment The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Leaf: 25.2 × 18.3 cm (9 15/16 × 7 3/16 in.) Ms. Ludwig VI 1, fol. 159v (83.MH.84.159v) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. Ludwig I 14, fol. 523 (83.MA.63.523)

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7. Jacobellus of Salerno 8. Unknown Carolingian artist

DEC_L TR_20 Italian, active about 1270 18 Decorated Initial Q, third quarter of the 9th century

DEC_L TR_20 18 Initial M: Two Apostles, about 1270 Leaf from a Psalter from Gradual Iron gall and red lead (minimum) inks applied with pen Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment and brush on parchment Leaf: 46.4 × 32.1 cm (18 1/4 × 12 5/8 in.) Leaf: 30.3 × 21.3 cm (11 15/16 × 8 3/8 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. Ludwig VI 1, fol. 160 (83.MH.84.160) Ms. Ludwig VIII 1, verso (83.MK.92.verso)

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9. Unknown North African artist 10. Unknown North African artist

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Decorated Text Pages (Surat al-An‘am: 6:119-121), 9th 18 One Side of a Bifolium (fols. 8 and 5v), 9th century century CE / second century AH Bifolium from a Fragmentary Qur'an (fols. 5 and 8) Pen and ink, gold paint, and tempera colors on Pen and ink, gold paint, and tempera colors on parchment parchment The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Leaf: 14.4 × 20.8 cm (5 11/16 × 8 3/16 in.) Ms. Ludwig X 1 (4) verso (83.MM.118.4.verso) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. Ludwig X 1, fol. 8.recto (83.MM.118.4.8.recto)

December 12, 2018 Page 2 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/

11. Unknown North African artist 12. Unknown North African artist

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Decorated Text Pages (Surat al-An‘am: 6:119-121), 9th 18 One Side of a Bifolium (fols. 6 and 7v), 9th century century CE / second century AH Bifolium from a Fragmentary Qur'an (fols. 6 and 7) Pen and ink, gold paint, and tempera colors on Pen and ink, gold paint, and tempera colors on parchment parchment Leaf: 14.4 × 20.8 cm (5 11/16 × 8 3/16 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. Ludwig X 1 (5) recto (83.MM.118.5.recto) Ms. Ludwig X 1, fol. 7.verso (83.MM.118.5.7.verso)

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13. Unknown Spanish artist 14. Unknown Spanish artist

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Initial A: Two Men Before a King and a Man Speaking to 18 Initial D: A King Enthroned with Nobles and Lay People a Family, about 1290-1310 and Clerics in Conversation, about 1290-1310 from Feudal Customs of Aragon from Feudal Customs of Aragon Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment Leaf: 36.5 × 24 cm (14 3/8 × 9 7/16 in.) Leaf: 36.5 × 24 cm (14 3/8 × 9 7/16 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. Ludwig XIV 6, fol. 97 (83.MQ.165.97) Ms. Ludwig XIV 6, fol. 223v (83.MQ.165.223v)

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15. Cristoforo Cortese 16. Cristoforo Cortese Italian, active Venice, Italy 1390 - 1445 Italian, active Venice, Italy 1390 - 1445

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Initial Q: Bust Portrait of a Man, early 15th century 18 Initial S: Bust Portrait of a Bearded Man, early 15th from Compendium of Famous Writings on Ethics century Tempera colors, pen and ink, and gold leaf on parchment from Compendium of Famous Writings on Ethics bound between wood boards covered with red velvet Tempera colors, pen and ink, and gold leaf on parchment Leaf: 36.8 × 26 cm (14 1/2 × 10 1/4 in.) bound between wood boards covered with red velvet The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Leaf: 36.8 × 26 cm (14 1/2 × 10 1/4 in.) Ms. Ludwig XIV 8, fol. 92v (83.MQ.167.92v) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. Ludwig XIV 8, fol. 243 (83.MQ.167.243)

December 12, 2018 Page 3 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/

17. Unknown Italian artist 18. Unknown English artist

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Jar with a Kufic Pattern, mid-15th century 18 Decorated Initial D, about 1420-30 Tin-glazed earthenware from Psalter Object: H: 18.1 × Diam. [lip]: 9.53 × W: 13.02cm (H: 7 Tempera colors, gold leaf, gold paint, and ink on 1/8 × Diam. [lip]: 3 3/4 × W: 5 1/8 in.) parchment bound between pasteboard covered with red The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles morocco 84.DE.96 Leaf: 35.6 × 24.1 cm (14 × 9 1/2 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 17, fol. 28 (85.MK.318.28)

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19. Unknown English artist 20. Joris Hoefnagel

DEC_L TR_20 18 Decorated Initial C, about 1420-30 Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600

DEC_L TR_20 from Psalter 18 Insects, Basil, Thyme, and Land Snails, about 1591-96 Tempera colors, gold leaf, gold paint, and ink on from Model Book of Calligraphy parchment bound between pasteboard covered with red Watercolors, gold and silver paint, and ink on parchment morocco Leaf: 16.6 × 12.4 cm (6 9/16 × 4 7/8 in.) Leaf: 35.6 × 24.1 cm (14 × 9 1/2 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 20, fol. 89 (86.MV.527.89) Ms. 17, fol. 52v (85.MK.318.52v)

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21. Joris Hoefnagel 22. Joris Hoefnagel Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600 Flemish / Hungarian, 1542 - 1600

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Trompe l'Oeil Stem of Reed Grass, 1561 - 1562; 18 Butterfly, Marine Mollusk, and Pear, about 1591-96 illumination added 1591 - 1596 from Model Book of Calligraphy from Model Book of Calligraphy Watercolors, gold and silver paint, and ink on parchment Watercolors, gold and silver paint, and ink on parchment Leaf: 16.6 × 12.4 cm (6 9/16 × 4 7/8 in.) Leaf: 16.6 × 12.4 cm (6 9/16 × 4 7/8 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 20, fol. 118 (86.MV.527.118) Ms. 20, fol. 117v (86.MV.527.117v)

December 12, 2018 Page 4 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/

23. Unknown French artist 24. Boucicaut Master and Workshop

DEC_L TR_20 18 eoraed Te age, French, active about 1390 - 1430

DEC_L TR_20 from Book of Hours 18 The Annunciation, about 1415-20 Tempera colors, gold paint, gold leaf, and ink from Book of Hours on parchment Tempera colors, gold paint, gold leaf, and ink on Leaf: 20.5 × 14.8 cm (8 1/16 × 5 13/16 in.) The parchment J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Leaf: 20.5 × 14.8 cm (8 1/16 × 5 13/16 in.) Ms. 22, fol. 20v (86.ML.571.20v) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 22, fol. 21 (86.ML.571.21)

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25. Boucicaut Master and Workshop 27. Simon Marmion French, active about 1390 - 1430 Flemish, active 1450 - 1489

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 The Nativity, about 1415-20 18 The Wall of Heaven Where the Bad But Not Very Bad from Book of Hours Are in Temporary Discomfort, 1475 Tempera colors, gold paint, gold leaf, and ink on from parchment Tempera colors, gold leaf, gold paint, and ink on Leaf: 20.5 × 14.8 cm (8 1/16 × 5 13/16 in.) parchment The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Leaf: 36.3 × 26.2 cm (14 5/16 × 10 5/16 in.) Ms. 22, fol. 60v (86.ML.571.60v) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 30, fol. 33v (87.MN.141.33.33v)

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29. Unknown Franco-Flemish artist 30. Simon Marmion

DEC_L TR_20 18 Text Page, 1475 Flemish, active 1450 - 1489

DEC_L TR_20 from 18 The Good But Not Very Good Are Nourished by a Tempera colors, gold leaf, gold paint, and ink on Fountain, 1475 parchment from Leaf: 36.3 × 26.2cm (14 5/16 × 10 5/16 in.) Tempera colors, gold leaf, gold paint, and ink on The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles parchment Ms. 30, fol. 34 (87.MN.141.34.34) Leaf: 36.3 × 26.2 cm (14 5/16 × 10 5/16 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 30, fol. 34v (87.MN.141.34.34v)

December 12, 2018 Page 5 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/

32. Simon Marmion 33. Unknown Flemish artist

DEC_L TR_20 Flemish, active 1450 - 1489 18 Table of Contents, 1475

DEC_L TR_20 18 Two Kings of Ireland, Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment from Leaf: 36.4 × 25.7 cm (14 5/16 × 10 1/8 in.) Tempera colors, gold leaf, gold paint, and ink on The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles parchment Ms. 31, fol. 5v (87.MN.152.5v) Leaf: 36.3 × 26.2 cm (14 5/16 × 10 5/16 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 30, fol. 35 (87.MN.141.35.35)

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34. Unknown Flemish artist 35. Unknown Franco-Flemish artist

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Table of Contents, 1475 18 Initial B: The Lord Enthroned, about 1260-70 Tempera colors, gold leaf, and ink on parchment from Antiphonal Leaf: 36.4 × 25.7 cm (14 5/16 × 10 1/8 in.) Tempera colors and ink on parchment The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Leaf (approx.): 48.1 × 34.9 cm (18 15/16 × 13 3/4 in.) Ms. 31, fol. 6 (87.MN.152.6) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 44/Ludwig VI 5, p. 8 (92.MH.22.p. 8)

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36. Unknown French artist 37. Unknown French artist DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 18 Text Page, after 1205 Decorated Text Page, after 1205 from Psalter from Psalter Ink and tempera colors on parchment Tempera colors and gold leaf on parchment Leaf: 31 × 21.9 cm (12 3/16 × 8 5/8 in.) Leaf: 31 × 21.9 cm (12 3/16 × 8 5/8 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 66, fol. 31v (99.MK.48.31v) Ms. 66, fol. 32 (99.MK.48.32)

December 12, 2018 Page 6 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/

38. Unknown French artist 39. Unknown French artist

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 eoraed Iniial , 18 Decorated Initial A, after 1205 from Psalter from Psalter Tempera colors and gold leaf on parchment Tempera colors and gold leaf on parchment Leaf: 31 × 21.9 cm (12 3/16 × 8 5/8 in.) The Leaf: 31 × 21.9 cm (12 3/16 × 8 5/8 in.) J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 66, The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles fol. 138v (99.MK.48.138v) Ms. 66, fol. 139 (99.MK.48.139)

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40. Unknown Italian artist 41. Unknown Italian artist

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Decorated Canceled Page (Initial F: A Prophet), about 18 Initial F: Elkanah with Hannah and Peninnah in the 1250-62 Temple, about 1250-62 from Abbey Bible from Abbey Bible Tempera and gold leaf on parchment Tempera and gold leaf on parchment Leaf: 26.8 × 19.7 cm (10 9/16 × 7 3/4 in.) Leaf: 26.8 × 19.7 cm (10 9/16 × 7 3/4 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 107, fol. 96v (2011.23.96v) Ms. 107, fol. 97 (2011.23.97)

4. Unknown Italian artist

DEC_L TR_20 18 Iniial Toi leeing from Abbey Bible Tempera and gold leaf on parchment Leaf: 26.8 × 19.7 cm (10 9/16 × 7 3/4 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

December 12, 2018 Page 7 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/

43. Unknown Italian artist 44. David Aubert

DEC_L TR_20 18 Te age Flemish, active 1453 - 1479 DEC_L TR_20 18 from Abbey Bible Decorated Text Page, 1464 Tempera and gold leaf on parchment from Romance of Gillion de Trazegnies Leaf: 26.8 × 19.7 cm (10 9/16 × 7 3/4 in.) Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Leaf: 37 × 25.5 cm (14 9/16 × 10 1/16 in. Ms. 107, fol. 186 (2011.23.186) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 111, fol. 26v (2013.46.26v)

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45. Lieven van Lathem 46. David Aubert Flemish, about 1430 - 1493 Flemish, active 1453 - 1479

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Initial B: A Battle before the Walls of Cairo, 1464 18 Decorated Text Page, 1464 from Romance of Gillion de Trazegnies from Romance of Gillion de Trazegnies Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment Leaf: 37 × 25.5 cm (14 9/16 × 10 1/16 in. Leaf: 37 × 25.5 cm (14 9/16 × 10 1/16 in. The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles Ms. 111, fol. 27 (2013.46.27) Ms. 111, fol. 234v (2013.46.234v)

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47. Lieven van Lathem 48. Niccolò da Bologna Flemish, about 1430 - 1493 Italian, active 1349 - 1403

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Initial Q: Gillion’s Son Gerard Taking Leave of the Sultan, 18 Initial B: The Trinity, about 1392-1402 1464 from Detached leaf from the Gradual of the Carthusian from Romance of Gillion de Trazegnies Monastery Santo Spirito near Lucca Tempera colors, gold, and ink on parchment Tempera and gold leaf on parchment Leaf: 37 × 25.5 cm (14 9/16 × 10 1/16 in. Leaf: 19.5 x 18.0 cm (7 11/16 x 7 1/8 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, Gift of Ms. 111, fol. 235 (2013.46.235) Elizabeth J. Ferrell Ms. 115, leaf 1v (2017.122.1.verso)

December 12, 2018 Page 8 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/

49. Niccolò da Bologna 50. Niccolò da Bologna Italian, active 1349 - 1403 Italian, active 1349 - 1403

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Initial N: The Beheading of Saint Paul, about 1392-1402 18 Initial S: The Beheading of Saint Paul and the Miracle of from Detached leaf from the Gradual of the Carthusian Plautilla’s Veil, about 1392-1402 Monastery Santo Spirito near Lucca from Detached leaf from the Gradual of the Carthusian Tempera and gold leaf on parchment Monastery Santo Spirito near Lucca Leaf: 21.8 x 15.0 cm (8 5/8 x 5 7/8 in.) Tempera and gold leaf on parchment The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, Gift of Leaf: 20.1 x 19.8 cm (7 15/16 x 7 13/16) Elizabeth J. Ferrell The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, Gift of Ms. 115, leaf 2 (2017.122.2.recto) Elizabeth J. Ferrell Ms. 115, leaf 3 (2017.122.3.recto)

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51. Niccolò da Bologna 52. Niccolò da Bologna Italian, active 1349 - 1403 Italian, active 1349 - 1403

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Initial G: The Ascension of Saint Mary Magdalene, about 18 Initial G: The Assumption of the Virgin, about 1392-1402 1392-1402 from Detached leaf from the Gradual of the Carthusian from Detached leaf from the Gradual of the Carthusian Monastery Santo Spirito near Lucca Monastery Santo Spirito near Lucca Tempera and gold leaf on parchment Tempera and gold leaf on parchment Leaf: 20.3 x 20.3 cm (8 x 8 in.) Leaf: 19.1 x 20.3 cm (7 1/2 x 8 in.) The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, Gift of The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, Gift of Elizabeth J. Ferrell Elizabeth J. Ferrell Ms. 115, leaf 5 (2017.122.5.recto) Ms. 115, leaf 4v (2017.122.4.verso)

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53. Niccolò da Bologna 54. Niccolò a Bologna Italian, active 1349 - 1403 Italian, active 1349 - 1403

DEC_L DEC_L TR_20 TR_20 18 Initial M: The Apostles, about 1392-1402 18 Initial P: The Ascension, about 1365 from Detached leaf from the Gradual of the Carthusian Tempera and gold leaf on vellum Monastery Santo Spirito near Lucca Leaf: 73.7 × 53.3 cm (29 × 21 in.) Tempera and gold leaf on parchment Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Gift of Anna Bing Leaf: 20.3 x 20.3 cm (8 x 8 in.) Arnold The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, Gift of Image: www.lacma.org Elizabeth J. Ferrell L.2018.39 Ms. 115, leaf 6v (2017.122.6.verso)

December 12, 2018 Page 9 of 9 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/